Machine Learning (ML)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies with a requirement for Machine Learning skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited Machine Learning over the 6 months to 28 May 2024 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
28 May 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 70 111 53
Rank change year-on-year +41 -58 +25
Permanent jobs citing Machine Learning 3,587 2,998 9,710
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 3.50% 3.08% 5.82%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 4.15% 3.22% 6.06%
Number of salaries quoted 1,662 1,468 2,705
10th Percentile £43,750 £45,000 £42,500
25th Percentile £52,500 £55,000 £53,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £70,000 £74,000
Median % change year-on-year - -5.41% +13.85%
75th Percentile £95,000 £90,000 £90,000
90th Percentile £115,000 £115,000 £110,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £60,000 £65,000 £60,000
% change year-on-year -7.69% +8.33% +9.09%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

Machine Learning is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 86,445 93,025 160,114
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 84.24% 95.56% 95.90%
Number of salaries quoted 60,550 54,985 83,280
10th Percentile £29,250 £34,000 £33,500
25th Percentile £40,000 £45,000 £43,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £61,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -9.84% +1.67% +9.09%
75th Percentile £72,500 £81,250 £80,000
90th Percentile £92,500 £100,000 £96,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £50,000 £55,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -9.09% +4.76% +9.38%

Machine Learning
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing Machine Learning as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing Machine Learning.

Salary trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Machine Learning over the 6 months to 28 May 2024.

Salary histogram for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Top 19 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Machine Learning within the UK over the 6 months to 28 May 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
UK excluding London +48 2,543 £60,000 -7.69% 429
England -12 2,036 £70,000 - 930
Scotland +80 1,454 £69,500 +6.92% 32
Work from Home -5 955 £65,000 -6.40% 472
London +25 943 £85,000 +6.25% 521
South East +4 351 £65,000 -7.14% 98
South West -16 244 £64,387 -4.61% 72
North of England -116 187 £55,000 -15.38% 93
Midlands -24 181 £57,500 +9.52% 47
West Midlands -17 140 £57,500 +9.52% 30
North West -98 106 £55,000 -2.22% 65
East of England -17 100 £67,500 -3.57% 69
Yorkshire -67 67 £55,000 -20.80% 20
East Midlands -24 41 £47,500 -29.63% 17
North East -23 14 £47,500 -22.45% 8
Wales -7 12 £63,750 -1.92% 9
Northern Ireland +26 11 £100,000 +33.33% 16
Isle of Man - 2 £82,500 -
Channel Islands - 2 - - 1

Machine Learning
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 385 (10.73%) Apache Spark
2 184 (5.13%) Apache
3 167 (4.66%) Apache Airflow
4 99 (2.76%) FileNet
5 54 (1.51%) SAS
6 23 (0.64%) Confluence
7 18 (0.50%) SharePoint
8 13 (0.36%) Jupyter
9 11 (0.31%) CICS
10 10 (0.28%) nginx
11 6 (0.17%) Kinematics
12 5 (0.14%) Appian
12 5 (0.14%) Luigi
13 4 (0.11%) Microsoft Exchange
14 3 (0.084%) IIS
14 3 (0.084%) WordPress
15 2 (0.056%) ArcGIS
15 2 (0.056%) CMS
16 1 (0.028%) Documentum
16 1 (0.028%) Tuxedo
Applications
1 67 (1.87%) Simulink
2 59 (1.64%) Microsoft Excel
3 20 (0.56%) Microsoft Office
4 19 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 9 (0.25%) MS Visio
6 8 (0.22%) Chatbot
7 7 (0.20%) Microsoft Project
8 6 (0.17%) EViews
8 6 (0.17%) Stateflow
9 4 (0.11%) Spreadsheet
9 4 (0.11%) Trello
10 2 (0.056%) SPSS
11 1 (0.028%) Blender
Business Applications
1 14 (0.39%) Aladdin
2 7 (0.20%) Siebel CRM
3 3 (0.084%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
4 1 (0.028%) Data Workbench
4 1 (0.028%) Dynamics NAV
4 1 (0.028%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.028%) SAP Business One
4 1 (0.028%) SAP S/4HANA
Cloud Services
1 1,296 (36.13%) AWS
2 865 (24.11%) Azure
3 393 (10.96%) GCP
4 355 (9.90%) Power Platform
5 122 (3.40%) Cloud Computing
6 121 (3.37%) GitHub
7 118 (3.29%) Amazon S3
8 109 (3.04%) SaaS
9 91 (2.54%) Snowflake
10 87 (2.43%) Azure DevOps
11 85 (2.37%) Serverless
12 83 (2.31%) Azure Data Factory
13 80 (2.23%) Datadog
14 78 (2.17%) Azure Synapse Analytics
15 64 (1.78%) Matillion
16 59 (1.64%) Azure Machine Learning
17 57 (1.59%) Azure Cosmos DB
18 54 (1.51%) Amazon CloudWatch
19 53 (1.48%) PowerApps
20 49 (1.37%) Power Automate
Communications & Networking
1 35 (0.98%) DNS
2 27 (0.75%) HTTP
3 20 (0.56%) Firewall
4 17 (0.47%) DSL
5 16 (0.45%) Internet
6 15 (0.42%) Network Security
6 15 (0.42%) TCP/IP
7 13 (0.36%) VPN
8 11 (0.31%) Wireless
9 9 (0.25%) LAN
9 9 (0.25%) WAN
9 9 (0.25%) WLAN
10 7 (0.20%) MQTT
11 6 (0.17%) DHCP
11 6 (0.17%) OpenVPN
12 5 (0.14%) Modbus
12 5 (0.14%) RFID
12 5 (0.14%) SSL
12 5 (0.14%) ZigBee
13 4 (0.11%) SD-WAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 495 (13.80%) NoSQL
2 355 (9.90%) Big Data
3 334 (9.31%) Power BI
4 259 (7.22%) Data Warehouse
5 255 (7.11%) SQL Server
6 223 (6.22%) Data Lake
7 176 (4.91%) Tableau
8 163 (4.54%) Hadoop
9 158 (4.40%) Elasticsearch
10 147 (4.10%) PostgreSQL
11 137 (3.82%) Apache Cassandra
12 134 (3.74%) Apache Hive
13 113 (3.15%) SQL Server Integration Services
14 102 (2.84%) HBase
15 101 (2.82%) Apache Ignite
16 91 (2.54%) MongoDB
17 86 (2.40%) Relational Database
18 53 (1.48%) Data Mining
19 44 (1.23%) MySQL
20 42 (1.17%) Star Schema
Development Applications
1 327 (9.12%) Git
2 201 (5.60%) JUnit
3 191 (5.32%) Jenkins
4 146 (4.07%) Cypress.io
5 105 (2.93%) Jasmine
6 85 (2.37%) Bitbucket Server
7 84 (2.34%) Selenium
8 60 (1.67%) Karma Test Runner
8 60 (1.67%) Protractor
8 60 (1.67%) WebDriver
9 49 (1.37%) JIRA
10 48 (1.34%) GitLab
11 45 (1.25%) Mockito
12 25 (0.70%) Android Studio
13 21 (0.59%) MLflow
13 21 (0.59%) SoapUI
14 19 (0.53%) JMeter
14 19 (0.53%) Vagrant
15 15 (0.42%) CircleCI
16 14 (0.39%) Bitbucket
General
1 2,022 (56.37%) Finance
2 1,569 (43.74%) Inclusion and Diversity
3 1,490 (41.54%) Law
4 788 (21.97%) Social Skills
5 764 (21.30%) Marketing
6 527 (14.69%) Legal
7 517 (14.41%) Banking
8 299 (8.34%) Analytical Skills
9 291 (8.11%) Investment Banking
10 223 (6.22%) Retail
11 193 (5.38%) Public Sector
12 154 (4.29%) Front Office
13 111 (3.09%) Presentation Skills
14 89 (2.48%) Financial Institution
15 87 (2.43%) Influencing Skills
16 84 (2.34%) Games
17 58 (1.62%) Manufacturing
18 40 (1.12%) Electronics
19 38 (1.06%) Organisational Skills
20 34 (0.95%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 1,560 (43.49%) Software Engineer
2 623 (17.37%) Senior
3 611 (17.03%) Lead
4 584 (16.28%) Java Engineer
5 578 (16.11%) Java Software Engineer
6 502 (13.99%) Developer
7 403 (11.24%) Lead Software Engineer
8 351 (9.79%) Python Engineer
9 348 (9.70%) Data Engineer
10 304 (8.48%) Python Software Engineer
11 302 (8.42%) Data Scientist
12 293 (8.17%) Full Stack Engineer
13 285 (7.95%) Full Stack Software Engineer
14 206 (5.74%) Architect
15 201 (5.60%) AWS Engineer
16 189 (5.27%) AWS Software Engineer
16 189 (5.27%) Senior Software Engineer
17 177 (4.93%) Developer/Software Engineer
18 170 (4.74%) Senior Data Scientist
19 152 (4.24%) Python Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 555 (15.47%) React
2 407 (11.35%) Spring
3 347 (9.67%) AngularJS
4 301 (8.39%) Kafka
5 252 (7.03%) HTML
6 221 (6.16%) J2EE
7 210 (5.85%) CSS
8 200 (5.58%) Node.js
9 183 (5.10%) TensorFlow
10 180 (5.02%) Hibernate
11 179 (4.99%) PySpark
12 171 (4.77%) JMS
13 165 (4.60%) Twitter Bootstrap
14 163 (4.54%) JSON
15 137 (3.82%) Pandas
16 136 (3.79%) jQuery
17 135 (3.76%) PyTorch
18 132 (3.68%) .NET
19 130 (3.62%) Spring Boot
20 111 (3.09%) GraphQL
Miscellaneous
1 965 (26.90%) Algorithms
2 511 (14.25%) Cloud Native
3 202 (5.63%) Data Structures
4 189 (5.27%) Onboarding
5 184 (5.13%) Public Cloud
6 169 (4.71%) Product Ownership
7 156 (4.35%) Hedge funds
8 151 (4.21%) Fixed Income
9 117 (3.26%) Management Information System
10 114 (3.18%) Equities
11 66 (1.84%) Self-Motivation
12 64 (1.78%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
12 64 (1.78%) IoT
13 52 (1.45%) Derivative
13 52 (1.45%) Distributed Systems
14 50 (1.39%) Reference Data
15 42 (1.17%) Credit Risk
15 42 (1.17%) Legacy Code
16 37 (1.03%) Taxonomies
17 30 (0.84%) Robotics
Operating Systems
1 197 (5.49%) Linux
2 148 (4.13%) Unix
3 72 (2.01%) Windows
4 55 (1.53%) Android
5 24 (0.67%) CentOS
6 22 (0.61%) Embedded Linux
7 20 (0.56%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
8 19 (0.53%) Ubuntu
9 18 (0.50%) Windows Server
10 9 (0.25%) Apple iOS
10 9 (0.25%) Windows Server 2019
11 6 (0.17%) Windows Server 2016
12 3 (0.084%) Windows 10
12 3 (0.084%) Windows Server 2003
13 1 (0.028%) Mac OS
13 1 (0.028%) Solaris
13 1 (0.028%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,784 (77.61%) Artificial Intelligence
2 1,935 (53.94%) Agile
3 1,881 (52.44%) Software Engineering
4 1,451 (40.45%) CI/CD
5 1,292 (36.02%) SDLC
6 1,213 (33.82%) Operational Stability
7 985 (27.46%) Visualisation
8 902 (25.15%) Community of Practice
9 892 (24.87%) Data Science
10 755 (21.05%) Analytics
11 747 (20.83%) Continuous Improvement
12 641 (17.87%) Computer Science
13 605 (16.87%) Decision-Making
14 548 (15.28%) Problem-Solving
15 535 (14.91%) Risk Management
16 481 (13.41%) Full Stack Development
17 462 (12.88%) Business Intelligence
18 438 (12.21%) Microservices
19 411 (11.46%) ETL
20 350 (9.76%) Data Modelling
Programming Languages
1 1,835 (51.16%) Python
2 1,419 (39.56%) SQL
3 1,290 (35.96%) Java
4 432 (12.04%) JavaScript
5 418 (11.65%) TypeScript
6 228 (6.36%) C#
7 158 (4.40%) C++
8 157 (4.38%) Scala
9 153 (4.27%) R
10 111 (3.09%) C
11 104 (2.90%) PL/SQL
12 84 (2.34%) Kotlin
13 65 (1.81%) MATLAB
14 63 (1.76%) Go
15 56 (1.56%) T-SQL
16 27 (0.75%) Bash
16 27 (0.75%) Fortran
16 27 (0.75%) Haskell
17 26 (0.72%) Data Analysis Expressions
18 25 (0.70%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 825 (23.00%) Degree
2 268 (7.47%) Computer Science Degree
3 255 (7.11%) Master's Degree
4 236 (6.58%) Security Cleared
5 166 (4.63%) PhD
6 136 (3.79%) SC Cleared
7 86 (2.40%) DV Cleared
8 54 (1.51%) DBS Check
9 33 (0.92%) Microsoft Certification
10 31 (0.86%) AWS Certification
11 28 (0.78%) PMI Certification
12 21 (0.59%) BPSS Clearance
13 20 (0.56%) Azure Certification
14 19 (0.53%) Numerate Degree
15 16 (0.45%) CISM
15 16 (0.45%) CISSP
16 10 (0.28%) CRISC
17 9 (0.25%) MBA
18 8 (0.22%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
19 7 (0.20%) CISA
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 150 (4.18%) Data Quality
2 71 (1.98%) QA
3 62 (1.73%) Accessibility
4 50 (1.39%) GDPR
5 21 (0.59%) SLA
6 15 (0.42%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 12 (0.33%) NIST
8 6 (0.17%) Def Stans
8 6 (0.17%) IEC 61508
9 5 (0.14%) PCI DSS
10 4 (0.11%) COBIT
11 3 (0.084%) Actionable Recommendations
11 3 (0.084%) GRC
11 3 (0.084%) JSP 440
12 2 (0.056%) PMO
13 1 (0.028%) HIPAA
13 1 (0.028%) ISO/IEC 27001
13 1 (0.028%) SNOMED CT
System Software
1 170 (4.74%) Docker
2 109 (3.04%) HDFS
3 29 (0.81%) Virtual Machines
4 24 (0.67%) Firmware
5 11 (0.31%) Time Sharing Option
6 10 (0.28%) Active Directory
6 10 (0.28%) VMware Infrastructure
7 9 (0.25%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.056%) IAG
8 2 (0.056%) KVM
8 2 (0.056%) VMware ESXi
9 1 (0.028%) Slurm Workload Manager
Systems Management
1 386 (10.76%) Kubernetes
2 338 (9.42%) Terraform
3 96 (2.68%) Grafana
4 48 (1.34%) Ansible
5 23 (0.64%) Prometheus
6 12 (0.33%) Microsoft Intune
7 7 (0.20%) Argo
7 7 (0.20%) Graphite
8 6 (0.17%) Kubeflow
9 3 (0.084%) Backup Exec
9 3 (0.084%) NetBackup
9 3 (0.084%) Progress Chef
10 2 (0.056%) Core Impact
10 2 (0.056%) Podman
10 2 (0.056%) Puppet
11 1 (0.028%) Avamar
11 1 (0.028%) Consul
11 1 (0.028%) Salt
11 1 (0.028%) vCenter Server
11 1 (0.028%) vRealize
Vendors
1 460 (12.82%) Databricks
2 378 (10.54%) Microsoft
3 286 (7.97%) Oracle
4 230 (6.41%) Google
5 103 (2.87%) Splunk
6 94 (2.62%) Alteryx
7 91 (2.54%) Informatica
8 90 (2.51%) Dynatrace
9 81 (2.26%) Cloudera
10 41 (1.14%) Xilinx
11 34 (0.95%) OpenAI
12 26 (0.72%) Salesforce
13 20 (0.56%) Bloomberg
14 18 (0.50%) Dataiku
14 18 (0.50%) SaltStack
14 18 (0.50%) SAP
15 17 (0.47%) Cognos
15 17 (0.47%) Sybase
16 15 (0.42%) Pega
17 14 (0.39%) BISAM