Machine Learning (ML)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies with a requirement for Machine Learning skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited Machine Learning over the 6 months to 9 May 2024 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
9 May 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 71 106 56
Rank change year-on-year +35 -50 +22
Permanent jobs citing Machine Learning 3,586 3,229 8,594
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 3.62% 3.19% 5.48%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 4.23% 3.33% 5.73%
Number of salaries quoted 1,661 1,568 2,691
10th Percentile £43,750 £45,000 £42,500
25th Percentile £52,500 £56,052 £53,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £70,000 £72,500
Median % change year-on-year - -3.45% +16.00%
75th Percentile £95,000 £90,000 £91,250
90th Percentile £115,000 £112,500 £110,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £60,000 £65,000 £60,000
% change year-on-year -7.69% +8.33% +9.09%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

Machine Learning is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 84,809 96,894 150,102
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 85.57% 95.61% 95.67%
Number of salaries quoted 59,843 56,945 82,179
10th Percentile £29,000 £34,000 £33,500
25th Percentile £40,000 £45,000 £43,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £61,180 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -10.10% +1.97% +9.09%
75th Percentile £72,500 £81,250 £80,000
90th Percentile £92,500 £100,000 £96,550
UK excluding London median annual salary £50,000 £55,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -9.09% +4.76% +9.38%

Machine Learning
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing Machine Learning as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing Machine Learning.

Salary trend for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Machine Learning over the 6 months to 9 May 2024.

Salary histogram for Machine Learning in the UK

Machine Learning
Top 19 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Machine Learning within the UK over the 6 months to 9 May 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
UK excluding London +44 2,562 £60,000 -7.69% 461
England -17 2,013 £70,000 - 967
Scotland +78 1,479 £70,000 +7.69% 25
London +22 924 £85,000 +9.32% 509
Work from Home -14 921 £65,000 -6.40% 555
South East -5 346 £65,000 -7.14% 140
South West -25 238 £65,000 -1.45% 59
North of England -109 193 £55,000 -15.38% 85
Midlands -34 179 £57,500 - 47
West Midlands -24 138 £57,500 +9.52% 32
North West -96 111 £56,250 -6.25% 52
East of England -2 102 £65,000 -7.14% 86
Yorkshire -67 68 £58,750 -15.02% 25
East Midlands -29 41 £47,500 -29.63% 15
North East -18 14 £47,500 -26.92% 8
Wales -7 13 £60,000 +9.01% 8
Northern Ireland +30 9 £100,000 +33.33% 17
Channel Islands - 2 - -
Isle of Man - 2 £82,500 -

Machine Learning
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 387 (10.79%) Apache Spark
2 169 (4.71%) Apache
3 155 (4.32%) Apache Airflow
4 100 (2.79%) FileNet
5 57 (1.59%) SAS
6 26 (0.73%) Confluence
7 20 (0.56%) SharePoint
8 13 (0.36%) Jupyter
9 11 (0.31%) CICS
9 11 (0.31%) nginx
10 6 (0.17%) Kinematics
11 5 (0.14%) Appian
11 5 (0.14%) WordPress
12 4 (0.11%) Microsoft Exchange
13 3 (0.084%) IIS
13 3 (0.084%) Luigi
14 2 (0.056%) Alfresco
14 2 (0.056%) ArcGIS
14 2 (0.056%) CMS
14 2 (0.056%) Documentum
Applications
1 62 (1.73%) Microsoft Excel
2 58 (1.62%) Simulink
3 21 (0.59%) Microsoft Office
4 19 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 9 (0.25%) MS Visio
6 8 (0.22%) Chatbot
7 7 (0.20%) Microsoft Project
8 6 (0.17%) EViews
8 6 (0.17%) Stateflow
9 4 (0.11%) Spreadsheet
9 4 (0.11%) Trello
10 2 (0.056%) SPSS
11 1 (0.028%) Blender
Business Applications
1 14 (0.39%) Aladdin
2 8 (0.22%) Siebel CRM
3 3 (0.084%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
4 1 (0.028%) Data Workbench
4 1 (0.028%) Dynamics CRM
4 1 (0.028%) Dynamics NAV
4 1 (0.028%) Magento
4 1 (0.028%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.028%) SAP Business One
4 1 (0.028%) SAP S/4HANA
Cloud Services
1 1,319 (36.78%) AWS
2 858 (23.93%) Azure
3 392 (10.93%) GCP
4 355 (9.90%) Power Platform
5 131 (3.65%) GitHub
6 122 (3.40%) SaaS
7 118 (3.29%) Amazon S3
8 116 (3.23%) Cloud Computing
9 90 (2.51%) Serverless
10 88 (2.45%) Azure DevOps
10 88 (2.45%) Snowflake
11 81 (2.26%) Azure Data Factory
11 81 (2.26%) Datadog
12 74 (2.06%) Azure Synapse Analytics
13 66 (1.84%) Matillion
14 58 (1.62%) Azure Cosmos DB
15 56 (1.56%) Azure Machine Learning
16 55 (1.53%) Amazon CloudWatch
17 51 (1.42%) PowerApps
18 47 (1.31%) Power Automate
Communications & Networking
1 35 (0.98%) DNS
2 27 (0.75%) HTTP
3 20 (0.56%) Firewall
4 18 (0.50%) DSL
5 16 (0.45%) Internet
5 16 (0.45%) Network Security
5 16 (0.45%) TCP/IP
6 13 (0.36%) VPN
7 11 (0.31%) Wireless
8 9 (0.25%) LAN
8 9 (0.25%) WAN
8 9 (0.25%) WLAN
9 7 (0.20%) MQTT
9 7 (0.20%) OpenVPN
10 6 (0.17%) DHCP
11 5 (0.14%) Modbus
11 5 (0.14%) RFID
11 5 (0.14%) SSL
12 4 (0.11%) SD-WAN
12 4 (0.11%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 502 (14.00%) NoSQL
2 357 (9.96%) Big Data
3 332 (9.26%) Power BI
4 273 (7.61%) Data Warehouse
5 255 (7.11%) SQL Server
6 234 (6.53%) Data Lake
7 178 (4.96%) Tableau
8 169 (4.71%) Hadoop
9 157 (4.38%) Elasticsearch
10 137 (3.82%) Apache Cassandra
11 136 (3.79%) Apache Hive
11 136 (3.79%) PostgreSQL
12 112 (3.12%) SQL Server Integration Services
13 104 (2.90%) HBase
14 93 (2.59%) Apache Ignite
15 91 (2.54%) MongoDB
16 82 (2.29%) Relational Database
17 62 (1.73%) Data Mining
18 51 (1.42%) MySQL
19 42 (1.17%) Star Schema
Development Applications
1 316 (8.81%) Git
2 202 (5.63%) JUnit
3 193 (5.38%) Jenkins
4 138 (3.85%) Cypress.io
5 105 (2.93%) Jasmine
6 86 (2.40%) Bitbucket Server
7 84 (2.34%) Selenium
8 60 (1.67%) Karma Test Runner
8 60 (1.67%) Protractor
8 60 (1.67%) WebDriver
9 52 (1.45%) JIRA
10 48 (1.34%) GitLab
11 45 (1.25%) Mockito
12 25 (0.70%) Android Studio
13 21 (0.59%) SoapUI
14 19 (0.53%) JMeter
15 18 (0.50%) MLflow
16 16 (0.45%) CircleCI
17 15 (0.42%) Vagrant
18 14 (0.39%) Bitbucket
General
1 2,061 (57.47%) Finance
2 1,586 (44.23%) Inclusion and Diversity
3 1,513 (42.19%) Law
4 782 (21.81%) Marketing
5 770 (21.47%) Social Skills
6 529 (14.75%) Banking
7 526 (14.67%) Legal
8 303 (8.45%) Analytical Skills
9 294 (8.20%) Investment Banking
10 229 (6.39%) Retail
11 191 (5.33%) Public Sector
12 143 (3.99%) Front Office
13 115 (3.21%) Presentation Skills
14 93 (2.59%) Financial Institution
15 90 (2.51%) Influencing Skills
16 88 (2.45%) Games
17 57 (1.59%) Manufacturing
18 38 (1.06%) Organisational Skills
19 35 (0.98%) Electronics
20 34 (0.95%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 1,544 (43.06%) Software Engineer
2 621 (17.32%) Senior
3 618 (17.23%) Lead
4 590 (16.45%) Java Engineer
5 584 (16.29%) Java Software Engineer
6 490 (13.66%) Developer
7 409 (11.41%) Lead Software Engineer
8 348 (9.70%) Data Engineer
9 346 (9.65%) Python Engineer
10 308 (8.59%) Data Scientist
11 298 (8.31%) Python Software Engineer
12 293 (8.17%) Full Stack Engineer
13 284 (7.92%) Full Stack Software Engineer
14 219 (6.11%) Architect
15 204 (5.69%) AWS Engineer
16 191 (5.33%) AWS Software Engineer
17 179 (4.99%) Senior Software Engineer
18 171 (4.77%) Developer/Software Engineer
19 166 (4.63%) Senior Data Scientist
20 153 (4.27%) Lead Java Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 555 (15.48%) React
2 411 (11.46%) Spring
3 349 (9.73%) AngularJS
4 304 (8.48%) Kafka
5 251 (7.00%) HTML
6 221 (6.16%) J2EE
7 209 (5.83%) CSS
8 199 (5.55%) Node.js
9 180 (5.02%) Hibernate
10 174 (4.85%) PySpark
11 173 (4.82%) TensorFlow
12 171 (4.77%) JMS
13 165 (4.60%) Twitter Bootstrap
14 161 (4.49%) JSON
15 139 (3.88%) .NET
16 134 (3.74%) jQuery
16 134 (3.74%) Spring Boot
17 133 (3.71%) PyTorch
18 131 (3.65%) Pandas
19 112 (3.12%) GraphQL
Miscellaneous
1 966 (26.94%) Algorithms
2 513 (14.31%) Cloud Native
3 206 (5.74%) Data Structures
4 196 (5.47%) Onboarding
5 190 (5.30%) Public Cloud
6 170 (4.74%) Product Ownership
7 145 (4.04%) Hedge funds
8 141 (3.93%) Fixed Income
9 113 (3.15%) Management Information System
10 104 (2.90%) Equities
11 70 (1.95%) Self-Motivation
12 65 (1.81%) IoT
13 63 (1.76%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
14 54 (1.51%) Distributed Systems
15 50 (1.39%) Derivative
15 50 (1.39%) Reference Data
16 43 (1.20%) Legacy Code
17 42 (1.17%) Credit Risk
18 39 (1.09%) Blockchain
19 38 (1.06%) Taxonomies
Operating Systems
1 185 (5.16%) Linux
2 157 (4.38%) Unix
3 69 (1.92%) Windows
4 52 (1.45%) Android
5 21 (0.59%) CentOS
6 18 (0.50%) Windows Server
7 17 (0.47%) Embedded Linux
8 16 (0.45%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 14 (0.39%) Ubuntu
10 12 (0.33%) Apple iOS
11 9 (0.25%) Windows Server 2019
12 6 (0.17%) Windows Server 2016
13 3 (0.084%) Windows 10
13 3 (0.084%) Windows Server 2003
14 2 (0.056%) Mac OS
15 1 (0.028%) Solaris
15 1 (0.028%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,771 (77.27%) Artificial Intelligence
2 1,954 (54.49%) Agile
3 1,868 (52.09%) Software Engineering
4 1,454 (40.55%) CI/CD
5 1,305 (36.39%) SDLC
6 1,229 (34.27%) Operational Stability
7 991 (27.64%) Visualisation
8 910 (25.38%) Community of Practice
9 901 (25.13%) Data Science
10 769 (21.44%) Analytics
11 751 (20.94%) Continuous Improvement
12 629 (17.54%) Computer Science
13 599 (16.70%) Decision-Making
14 547 (15.25%) Problem-Solving
15 536 (14.95%) Risk Management
16 474 (13.22%) Full Stack Development
17 467 (13.02%) Business Intelligence
18 447 (12.47%) Microservices
19 420 (11.71%) ETL
20 359 (10.01%) Data Modelling
Programming Languages
1 1,810 (50.47%) Python
2 1,431 (39.91%) SQL
3 1,291 (36.00%) Java
4 417 (11.63%) JavaScript
5 405 (11.29%) TypeScript
6 232 (6.47%) C#
7 159 (4.43%) Scala
8 156 (4.35%) R
9 144 (4.02%) C++
10 107 (2.98%) PL/SQL
11 105 (2.93%) C
12 74 (2.06%) Kotlin
13 64 (1.78%) Go
13 64 (1.78%) MATLAB
14 58 (1.62%) T-SQL
15 31 (0.86%) Haskell
16 27 (0.75%) Bash
17 26 (0.73%) Data Analysis Expressions
17 26 (0.73%) Fortran
18 24 (0.67%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 822 (22.92%) Degree
2 252 (7.03%) Master's Degree
3 244 (6.80%) Computer Science Degree
4 213 (5.94%) Security Cleared
5 172 (4.80%) PhD
6 119 (3.32%) SC Cleared
7 68 (1.90%) DV Cleared
8 51 (1.42%) DBS Check
9 31 (0.86%) Microsoft Certification
10 28 (0.78%) AWS Certification
10 28 (0.78%) PMI Certification
11 21 (0.59%) BPSS Clearance
12 20 (0.56%) Azure Certification
12 20 (0.56%) Numerate Degree
13 16 (0.45%) CISM
13 16 (0.45%) CISSP
14 10 (0.28%) CRISC
15 9 (0.25%) MBA
16 7 (0.20%) CISA
17 6 (0.17%) Network+ Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 143 (3.99%) Data Quality
2 69 (1.92%) QA
3 63 (1.76%) Accessibility
4 52 (1.45%) GDPR
5 22 (0.61%) SLA
6 15 (0.42%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 12 (0.33%) NIST
8 7 (0.20%) PMO
9 6 (0.17%) Def Stans
9 6 (0.17%) IEC 61508
10 5 (0.14%) PCI DSS
11 4 (0.11%) COBIT
12 3 (0.084%) Actionable Recommendations
12 3 (0.084%) GRC
12 3 (0.084%) JSP 440
13 2 (0.056%) SNOMED CT
14 1 (0.028%) HIPAA
14 1 (0.028%) ISO/IEC 27001
System Software
1 170 (4.74%) Docker
2 111 (3.10%) HDFS
3 24 (0.67%) Virtual Machines
4 23 (0.64%) Firmware
5 11 (0.31%) Time Sharing Option
6 10 (0.28%) Active Directory
6 10 (0.28%) VMware Infrastructure
7 8 (0.22%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.056%) IAG
9 1 (0.028%) KVM
9 1 (0.028%) Slurm Workload Manager
9 1 (0.028%) VMware ESXi
Systems Management
1 371 (10.35%) Kubernetes
2 328 (9.15%) Terraform
3 98 (2.73%) Grafana
4 42 (1.17%) Ansible
5 25 (0.70%) Prometheus
6 12 (0.33%) Microsoft Intune
7 7 (0.20%) Argo
7 7 (0.20%) Graphite
8 6 (0.17%) Kubeflow
9 4 (0.11%) Progress Chef
10 3 (0.084%) Backup Exec
11 2 (0.056%) Core Impact
11 2 (0.056%) Podman
11 2 (0.056%) Puppet
12 1 (0.028%) Avamar
12 1 (0.028%) Consul
12 1 (0.028%) Oracle Identity Management
12 1 (0.028%) Rancher
12 1 (0.028%) vCenter Server
12 1 (0.028%) vRealize
Vendors
1 454 (12.66%) Databricks
2 369 (10.29%) Microsoft
3 289 (8.06%) Oracle
4 214 (5.97%) Google
5 104 (2.90%) Splunk
6 98 (2.73%) Alteryx
7 93 (2.59%) Informatica
8 90 (2.51%) Dynatrace
9 82 (2.29%) Cloudera
10 32 (0.89%) OpenAI
10 32 (0.89%) Xilinx
11 26 (0.73%) Salesforce
12 20 (0.56%) Bloomberg
13 19 (0.53%) Dataiku
13 19 (0.53%) SAP
14 18 (0.50%) Cognos
14 18 (0.50%) SaltStack
14 18 (0.50%) Sybase
15 17 (0.47%) Dell
16 15 (0.42%) Pega