AI Job Trends

AI
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring AI skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 28 October 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
28 Oct 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 8 58 83
Rank change year-on-year +50 +25 +9
Permanent jobs citing AI 6,091 2,602 1,937
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 12.32% 3.82% 3.53%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 13.99% 4.63% 3.76%
Number of salaries quoted 1,755 1,346 1,167
10th Percentile £33,750 £42,500 £44,800
25th Percentile £48,750 £56,250 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £75,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -6.67% - +7.14%
75th Percentile £96,250 £95,000 £92,500
90th Percentile £120,000 £115,000 £115,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £67,500 £65,066
% change year-on-year -14.81% +3.74% +8.44%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

AI falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 43,532 56,144 51,524
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 88.04% 82.52% 93.99%
Number of salaries quoted 25,261 29,733 39,530
10th Percentile £28,250 £33,750 £32,500
25th Percentile £35,532 £45,000 £44,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £54,000 £60,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -10.00% - -
75th Percentile £75,000 £78,750 £80,000
90th Percentile £95,000 £97,500 £97,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £46,000 £54,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -14.81% +2.86% -

AI
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing AI relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

AI job vacancy trend in the UK

AI
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI

AI
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing AI over the 6 months to 28 October 2025.

Salary histogram for AI in the UK

AI
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing AI within the UK over the 6 months to 28 October 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +51 5,209 £70,000 -6.67% 5,279
UK excluding London +58 4,093 £57,500 -14.81% 3,583
Work from Home +68 3,579 £65,000 -13.62% 2,499
London +34 1,608 £80,000 -5.88% 2,957
North of England +77 1,237 £57,500 -11.54% 492
South East +26 1,038 £53,750 -23.21% 2,268
Midlands +135 796 £62,500 -10.71% 215
North West +64 597 £57,500 +1.75% 302
Yorkshire +66 515 £72,500 +3.57% 147
Scotland +60 470 £69,248 +8.62% 121
West Midlands +117 450 £60,000 -11.11% 127
East Midlands +110 343 £65,000 -23.53% 85
South West +42 292 £60,000 -7.69% 220
East of England +72 236 £47,500 -44.12% 222
North East +60 125 £24,570 -57.27% 46
Wales +34 77 £55,000 -18.98% 52
Northern Ireland -11 14 £70,000 -18.84% 27

AI
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 92 (1.51%) Apache Spark
2 71 (1.17%) SharePoint
3 55 (0.90%) Apache Airflow
4 44 (0.72%) Confluence
5 41 (0.67%) CMS
6 30 (0.49%) Apache
6 30 (0.49%) Microsoft Exchange
7 16 (0.26%) WordPress
8 15 (0.25%) Apache Solr
9 12 (0.20%) Oracle SOA Suite
9 12 (0.20%) Oracle Workflow
10 8 (0.13%) Camunda
11 6 (0.099%) Umbraco
12 4 (0.066%) ArcGIS
12 4 (0.066%) Luigi
12 4 (0.066%) nginx
12 4 (0.066%) Tomcat
13 3 (0.049%) Drupal
13 3 (0.049%) Joomla!
13 3 (0.049%) SAS
Applications
1 1,793 (29.44%) Chatbot
2 125 (2.05%) Microsoft Excel
3 73 (1.20%) Microsoft Office
4 32 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 18 (0.30%) Adobe Premiere
6 14 (0.23%) Maya
6 14 (0.23%) Sketch
7 12 (0.20%) Adobe XD
7 12 (0.20%) Photoshop
8 10 (0.16%) Adobe Creative Suite
9 9 (0.15%) Adobe After Effects
10 7 (0.11%) MS Visio
10 7 (0.11%) Spreadsheet
11 6 (0.099%) Notion
12 5 (0.082%) Simulink
13 4 (0.066%) InDesign
14 3 (0.049%) Final Cut Pro
14 3 (0.049%) Microsoft Project
14 3 (0.049%) S-PLUS
15 2 (0.033%) Weka
Business Applications
1 46 (0.76%) Dynamics CRM
2 16 (0.26%) Oracle ERP
3 13 (0.21%) NetSuite
4 9 (0.15%) Oracle Payables
4 9 (0.15%) SAP S/4HANA
4 9 (0.15%) Shopify
5 7 (0.11%) Endur
6 6 (0.099%) Salesforce CRM
7 5 (0.082%) Elite 3E
7 5 (0.082%) Oracle EBS
8 4 (0.066%) SAP SCM
9 3 (0.049%) SAP Business One
10 2 (0.033%) Dynamics GP
10 2 (0.033%) Oracle Receivables
10 2 (0.033%) SAP IBP
10 2 (0.033%) SAP MM
10 2 (0.033%) SAP SD
11 1 (0.016%) Oracle Cash Management
11 1 (0.016%) SAP APO
11 1 (0.016%) SAP PP
Cloud Services
1 927 (15.22%) Azure
2 767 (12.59%) AWS
3 372 (6.11%) Power Platform
4 316 (5.19%) SaaS
5 302 (4.96%) GCP
6 188 (3.09%) Azure DevOps
7 162 (2.66%) Microsoft 365
8 136 (2.23%) GitHub
9 100 (1.64%) Azure AI
10 96 (1.58%) Serverless
11 89 (1.46%) Snowflake
12 81 (1.33%) Microsoft Copilot
13 78 (1.28%) Power Automate
14 77 (1.26%) Entra ID
15 76 (1.25%) Vertex AI
16 69 (1.13%) Amazon S3
17 60 (0.99%) Amazon Bedrock
18 57 (0.94%) Amazon EKS
18 57 (0.94%) Cloud Computing
19 54 (0.89%) Azure Data Factory
Communications & Networking
1 36 (0.59%) Firewall
1 36 (0.59%) VPN
2 35 (0.57%) WAN
3 31 (0.51%) Internet
4 29 (0.48%) DNS
5 20 (0.33%) Unified Communications
6 18 (0.30%) SD-WAN
7 17 (0.28%) Network Security
7 17 (0.28%) VoIP
8 14 (0.23%) LAN
8 14 (0.23%) TCP/IP
9 13 (0.21%) Broadband
10 12 (0.20%) Wi-Fi
10 12 (0.20%) Wireless
11 9 (0.15%) SAN
12 8 (0.13%) BGP
13 7 (0.11%) OSPF
13 7 (0.11%) WebEx
14 6 (0.099%) MPLS
14 6 (0.099%) Telepresence
Database & Business Intelligence
1 252 (4.14%) Power BI
2 158 (2.59%) Data Warehouse
3 153 (2.51%) NoSQL
4 109 (1.79%) Tableau
5 102 (1.67%) Data Lake
6 99 (1.63%) PostgreSQL
7 92 (1.51%) SQL Server
8 91 (1.49%) Big Data
9 90 (1.48%) MongoDB
10 84 (1.38%) MySQL
11 75 (1.23%) Metadata
12 49 (0.80%) Relational Database
13 47 (0.77%) DynamoDB
14 37 (0.61%) Elasticsearch
15 34 (0.56%) Hadoop
16 27 (0.44%) Delta Lake
17 26 (0.43%) Data Mining
18 25 (0.41%) BigQuery
19 24 (0.39%) Spark SQL
20 22 (0.36%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 136 (2.23%) Git
2 115 (1.89%) JIRA
3 50 (0.82%) Jenkins
4 40 (0.66%) MLflow
5 21 (0.34%) Selenium
6 20 (0.33%) Vite
7 19 (0.31%) Octopus Deploy
8 18 (0.30%) GitLab
8 18 (0.30%) TeamCity
9 14 (0.23%) Cypress.io
9 14 (0.23%) JUnit
10 12 (0.20%) Maven
11 9 (0.15%) JMeter
11 9 (0.15%) Oracle Forms
12 7 (0.11%) Locust
12 7 (0.11%) Spinnaker
13 6 (0.099%) Burp Suite
13 6 (0.099%) ERwin
13 6 (0.099%) Postman
13 6 (0.099%) WebDriver
General
1 1,319 (21.65%) Analytical Skills
2 1,200 (19.70%) Social Skills
3 1,108 (18.19%) Finance
4 940 (15.43%) Retail
5 815 (13.38%) Manufacturing
6 712 (11.69%) Inclusion and Diversity
7 607 (9.97%) Law
8 517 (8.49%) Marketing
9 288 (4.73%) Public Sector
10 282 (4.63%) Banking
11 254 (4.17%) Legal
12 212 (3.48%) Dutch Language
13 196 (3.22%) Finnish Language
13 196 (3.22%) Norwegian Language
14 113 (1.86%) Games
15 78 (1.28%) Aviation
16 71 (1.17%) Telecoms
17 70 (1.15%) Financial Institution
18 67 (1.10%) Organisational Skills
19 65 (1.07%) Presentation Skills
Job Titles
1 2,466 (40.49%) Trainer
2 627 (10.29%) Senior
3 402 (6.60%) Lead
4 361 (5.93%) Developer
4 361 (5.93%) Software Engineer
5 261 (4.29%) Architect
6 201 (3.30%) Analyst
7 191 (3.14%) Content Editor
8 159 (2.61%) Consultant
9 126 (2.07%) Data Engineer
10 107 (1.76%) Customer Support Specialist
10 107 (1.76%) Support Specialist
11 106 (1.74%) Java Engineer
12 102 (1.67%) Full-Stack Engineer
13 101 (1.66%) Research Scientist
14 95 (1.56%) Artificial Intelligence Engineer
14 95 (1.56%) DevOps Engineer
15 93 (1.53%) Lead Software Engineer
15 93 (1.53%) Senior Developer
16 92 (1.51%) Java Software Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 270 (4.43%) React
2 158 (2.59%) .NET
3 138 (2.27%) REST
4 124 (2.04%) HTML
5 118 (1.94%) PyTorch
6 109 (1.79%) TensorFlow
7 108 (1.77%) Spring
8 106 (1.74%) Kafka
9 93 (1.53%) Node.js
10 86 (1.41%) AngularJS
11 82 (1.35%) LangChain
12 77 (1.26%) RESTful
13 63 (1.03%) CSS
14 61 (1.00%) scikit-learn
15 59 (0.97%) FastAPI
16 54 (0.89%) Hugging Face
16 54 (0.89%) Spring Boot
17 53 (0.87%) Pandas
18 51 (0.84%) PySpark
19 48 (0.79%) Next.js
Miscellaneous
1 844 (13.86%) Robotics
2 287 (4.71%) Cloud Native
3 238 (3.91%) Algorithms
4 158 (2.59%) Product Ownership
5 135 (2.22%) Onboarding
6 134 (2.20%) Hybrid Cloud
7 127 (2.09%) Molecular Biology
8 119 (1.95%) Management Information System
9 112 (1.84%) AI Agents
10 106 (1.74%) e-Learning
11 87 (1.43%) Legacy Systems
12 86 (1.41%) Self-Motivation
13 85 (1.40%) Enterprise Software
14 75 (1.23%) Greenfield Project
15 73 (1.20%) Distributed Systems
16 72 (1.18%) Analytical Mindset
17 69 (1.13%) Data Centre
17 69 (1.13%) Data Structures
18 58 (0.95%) Virtual Team
19 55 (0.90%) Low-Code
Operating Systems
1 105 (1.72%) Windows
2 77 (1.26%) Linux
3 64 (1.05%) Apple iOS
4 63 (1.03%) Android
5 48 (0.79%) Windows Server
6 46 (0.76%) Unix
7 17 (0.28%) Mac OS
8 8 (0.13%) Windows Server 2019
9 6 (0.099%) Ubuntu
10 4 (0.066%) Kali Linux
11 3 (0.049%) Windows Server 2012
11 3 (0.049%) Windows Server 2016
12 2 (0.033%) Mac OS X
13 1 (0.016%) Debian
13 1 (0.016%) OpenVMS
13 1 (0.016%) OpenWrt
13 1 (0.016%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
13 1 (0.016%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 1,935 (31.77%) Machine Learning
2 1,820 (29.88%) Conversational UI
3 1,438 (23.61%) Problem-Solving
4 1,108 (18.19%) Generative AI
5 1,082 (17.76%) LLM
6 1,074 (17.63%) Agile
7 928 (15.24%) Analytics
8 742 (12.18%) Red Team
9 707 (11.61%) Chemistry
10 686 (11.26%) Data Privacy
11 684 (11.23%) Software Engineering
12 634 (10.41%) CI/CD
13 618 (10.15%) Roadmaps
14 576 (9.46%) Continuous Improvement
15 564 (9.26%) DevOps
16 534 (8.77%) Decision-Making
17 533 (8.75%) Computer Science
18 468 (7.68%) Data Science
19 463 (7.60%) Mentoring
20 418 (6.86%) Mathematics
Programming Languages
1 946 (15.53%) Python
2 657 (10.79%) SQL
3 347 (5.70%) Java
4 281 (4.61%) TypeScript
5 265 (4.35%) JavaScript
6 188 (3.09%) C#
7 123 (2.02%) C++
8 101 (1.66%) PowerShell
9 95 (1.56%) R
10 73 (1.20%) PHP
10 73 (1.20%) Rust
11 72 (1.18%) C
12 64 (1.05%) MATLAB
13 53 (0.87%) Ruby
14 51 (0.84%) Bash
15 49 (0.80%) Dart
16 45 (0.74%) Bicep
17 43 (0.71%) Kotlin
18 33 (0.54%) Go
18 33 (0.54%) Scala
Qualifications
1 3,277 (53.80%) Degree
2 1,233 (20.24%) Master's Degree
3 1,133 (18.60%) PhD
4 247 (4.06%) Computer Science Degree
5 212 (3.48%) Security Cleared
6 176 (2.89%) SC Cleared
7 59 (0.97%) Azure Certification
8 55 (0.90%) AWS Certification
9 52 (0.85%) DBS Check
10 46 (0.76%) DV Cleared
11 45 (0.74%) BPSS Clearance
12 44 (0.72%) Microsoft Certification
13 31 (0.51%) ACCA
14 29 (0.48%) TOGAF Certification
15 26 (0.43%) PMP
16 25 (0.41%) Numerate Degree
17 23 (0.38%) Cisco Certification
18 21 (0.34%) PMI Certification
19 20 (0.33%) CISA
19 20 (0.33%) CISSP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 164 (2.69%) Data Quality
2 115 (1.89%) QA
3 100 (1.64%) Accessibility
4 98 (1.61%) GDPR
5 56 (0.92%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 32 (0.53%) Cyber Essentials
7 31 (0.51%) SLA
8 27 (0.44%) GxP
9 23 (0.38%) NIST
10 18 (0.30%) EU AI Act
11 17 (0.28%) PMO
12 16 (0.26%) Sarbanes-Oxley
13 14 (0.23%) GAAP
13 14 (0.23%) IFRS
14 13 (0.21%) GRC
14 13 (0.21%) HL7
15 10 (0.16%) Actionable Recommendations
15 10 (0.16%) California Consumer Privacy Act
15 10 (0.16%) CDISC
15 10 (0.16%) WCAG
System Software
1 217 (3.56%) Docker
2 38 (0.62%) Active Directory
3 30 (0.49%) Virtual Machines
4 23 (0.38%) VMware Infrastructure
5 21 (0.34%) Virtual Desktop
6 13 (0.21%) Hyper-V
7 8 (0.13%) HDFS
8 7 (0.11%) vSphere
9 5 (0.082%) Lustre
10 4 (0.066%) Firmware
11 3 (0.049%) Apache Flume
11 3 (0.049%) GPFS
11 3 (0.049%) Slurm Workload Manager
12 2 (0.033%) Ceph
12 2 (0.033%) NFS
12 2 (0.033%) VMware ESXi
13 1 (0.016%) Oracle RAC
13 1 (0.016%) Terminal Server
13 1 (0.016%) Xen
Systems Management
1 247 (4.06%) Kubernetes
2 236 (3.87%) Terraform
3 54 (0.89%) Microsoft Intune
4 38 (0.62%) Ansible
4 38 (0.62%) Grafana
5 34 (0.56%) Prometheus
6 32 (0.53%) Kubeflow
7 30 (0.49%) Single Sign-On
8 11 (0.18%) SCCM
9 10 (0.16%) Argo
10 6 (0.099%) Cisco CUCM
11 5 (0.082%) Nagios
12 4 (0.066%) Active Directory Federation Services
12 4 (0.066%) ITRS Geneos
12 4 (0.066%) Kibana
12 4 (0.066%) logstash
12 4 (0.066%) Netcool
12 4 (0.066%) Netcool/OMNIbus
12 4 (0.066%) Tivoli
13 3 (0.049%) Functional Safety
Vendors
1 1,727 (28.35%) PayPal
2 951 (15.61%) Google
3 915 (15.02%) Databricks
4 821 (13.48%) Adobe
5 729 (11.97%) Microsoft
6 139 (2.28%) Oracle
7 125 (2.05%) Cisco
8 123 (2.02%) IBM
9 103 (1.69%) OpenAI
9 103 (1.69%) Red Hat
10 100 (1.64%) Dell
11 73 (1.20%) Salesforce
12 69 (1.13%) Foundry
13 62 (1.02%) ServiceNow
14 59 (0.97%) SAP
15 48 (0.79%) Palo Alto
16 47 (0.77%) Blue Prism
17 45 (0.74%) Apple
18 38 (0.62%) Palantir
19 37 (0.61%) Alteryx