AI Job Trends

AI
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring AI skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 19 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
19 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 7 57 80
Rank change year-on-year +50 +23 +31
Permanent jobs citing AI 7,162 2,655 1,876
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 13.54% 3.96% 3.60%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 15.78% 4.74% 3.84%
Number of salaries quoted 1,982 1,382 1,171
10th Percentile £32,500 £43,750 £43,750
25th Percentile £48,750 £57,500 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £77,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -9.09% +2.67% +7.14%
75th Percentile £95,000 £95,000 £92,500
90th Percentile £120,000 £112,500 £116,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £70,000 £67,500
% change year-on-year -17.86% +3.70% +12.50%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

AI falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 45,394 56,021 48,891
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 85.81% 83.52% 93.81%
Number of salaries quoted 27,423 29,005 37,472
10th Percentile £28,250 £34,404 £32,500
25th Percentile £36,128 £45,000 £43,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £60,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -8.33% - -
75th Percentile £75,000 £80,000 £80,000
90th Percentile £95,000 £97,500 £98,475
UK excluding London median annual salary £47,500 £55,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -13.64% +4.76% -

AI
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing AI relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

AI job vacancy trend in the UK

AI
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI

AI
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing AI over the 6 months to 19 November 2025.

Salary histogram for AI in the UK

AI
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing AI within the UK over the 6 months to 19 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +49 6,189 £70,000 -9.09% 8,790
UK excluding London +55 4,766 £57,500 -17.86% 6,495
Work from Home +69 3,022 £65,000 -13.33% 7,258
London +37 1,987 £80,000 -5.88% 2,848
North of England +67 1,659 £57,500 -14.81% 2,020
South East +24 1,182 £51,250 -29.31% 1,530
North West +57 1,114 £57,500 -0.05% 1,034
Midlands +130 550 £65,000 -15.58% 944
Scotland +72 504 £70,000 +9.80% 331
East of England +79 487 £47,500 -44.93% 826
Yorkshire +55 428 £72,500 +3.57% 705
West Midlands +108 340 £65,000 - 583
South West +40 322 £60,000 -7.69% 723
East Midlands +99 208 £61,250 -27.94% 359
North East +54 117 £50,000 -33.33% 315
Wales +41 103 £55,000 -4.35% 252
Northern Ireland -12 29 £82,500 -7.04% 39
Channel Islands +9 6 - -

AI
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 87 (1.21%) Apache Spark
2 75 (1.05%) SharePoint
3 57 (0.80%) Apache Airflow
4 46 (0.64%) Confluence
5 44 (0.61%) CMS
6 31 (0.43%) Apache
7 28 (0.39%) Microsoft Exchange
8 18 (0.25%) WordPress
9 15 (0.21%) Apache Solr
10 14 (0.20%) Oracle SOA Suite
11 11 (0.15%) Oracle Workflow
12 8 (0.11%) Camunda
13 6 (0.084%) JBoss
13 6 (0.084%) Umbraco
13 6 (0.084%) WebSphere
14 4 (0.056%) Drupal
14 4 (0.056%) Luigi
14 4 (0.056%) nginx
14 4 (0.056%) SAS
14 4 (0.056%) Tomcat
Applications
1 1,679 (23.44%) Chatbot
2 205 (2.86%) Microsoft Excel
3 84 (1.17%) Microsoft Office
4 30 (0.42%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 18 (0.25%) Adobe Premiere
6 14 (0.20%) Maya
7 13 (0.18%) Sketch
8 12 (0.17%) Photoshop
9 10 (0.14%) Adobe Creative Suite
9 10 (0.14%) Adobe XD
10 9 (0.13%) Adobe After Effects
11 7 (0.098%) MS Visio
11 7 (0.098%) Spreadsheet
12 6 (0.084%) Notion
13 5 (0.070%) Simulink
14 4 (0.056%) InDesign
15 3 (0.042%) Final Cut Pro
15 3 (0.042%) Microsoft Project
15 3 (0.042%) S-PLUS
16 2 (0.028%) Weka
Business Applications
1 47 (0.66%) Dynamics CRM
2 18 (0.25%) Oracle ERP
3 17 (0.24%) NetSuite
4 13 (0.18%) SAP S/4HANA
5 10 (0.14%) Oracle Payables
5 10 (0.14%) Shopify
6 7 (0.098%) Endur
7 6 (0.084%) Salesforce CRM
8 5 (0.070%) Elite 3E
8 5 (0.070%) Oracle EBS
8 5 (0.070%) SAP SCM
9 3 (0.042%) Oracle Receivables
9 3 (0.042%) SAP Business One
10 2 (0.028%) Dynamics GP
10 2 (0.028%) Oracle Assets
10 2 (0.028%) Oracle General Ledger
10 2 (0.028%) SAP ERP
10 2 (0.028%) SAP IBP
10 2 (0.028%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
10 2 (0.028%) Workday HCM
Cloud Services
1 1,654 (23.09%) Cloud Computing
2 1,048 (14.63%) Azure
3 802 (11.20%) AWS
4 436 (6.09%) Power Platform
5 353 (4.93%) SaaS
6 337 (4.71%) GCP
7 179 (2.50%) GitHub
8 170 (2.37%) Azure DevOps
8 170 (2.37%) Microsoft 365
9 163 (2.28%) Azure AI
10 105 (1.47%) Snowflake
11 102 (1.42%) Serverless
12 95 (1.33%) Vertex AI
13 93 (1.30%) Microsoft Copilot
14 75 (1.05%) Azure Data Factory
15 74 (1.03%) GitHub Copilot
16 72 (1.01%) Power Automate
17 70 (0.98%) Amazon S3
18 69 (0.96%) Entra ID
19 63 (0.88%) Amazon Bedrock
Communications & Networking
1 1,622 (22.65%) Internet
2 24 (0.34%) Firewall
3 21 (0.29%) Unified Communications
4 20 (0.28%) VoIP
4 20 (0.28%) VPN
4 20 (0.28%) WAN
5 18 (0.25%) Network Security
6 16 (0.22%) Broadband
7 15 (0.21%) TCP/IP
8 14 (0.20%) DNS
8 14 (0.20%) Wi-Fi
9 12 (0.17%) LAN
9 12 (0.17%) Wireless
10 9 (0.13%) WebEx
11 8 (0.11%) InfiniBand
11 8 (0.11%) Telepresence
11 8 (0.11%) VLAN
12 7 (0.098%) BGP
12 7 (0.098%) DHCP
12 7 (0.098%) SAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 311 (4.34%) Power BI
2 169 (2.36%) Tableau
3 166 (2.32%) Data Warehouse
4 145 (2.02%) NoSQL
5 101 (1.41%) SQL Server
6 96 (1.34%) PostgreSQL
7 94 (1.31%) Big Data
8 93 (1.30%) Data Lake
9 85 (1.19%) MongoDB
10 78 (1.09%) Metadata
11 67 (0.94%) MySQL
12 48 (0.67%) DynamoDB
12 48 (0.67%) Relational Database
13 36 (0.50%) Elasticsearch
14 30 (0.42%) Hadoop
15 27 (0.38%) Azure SQL Database
15 27 (0.38%) Data Mining
16 26 (0.36%) Delta Lake
17 25 (0.35%) BigQuery
18 24 (0.34%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 132 (1.84%) Git
2 120 (1.68%) JIRA
3 53 (0.74%) Jenkins
4 40 (0.56%) MLflow
5 22 (0.31%) Vite
6 21 (0.29%) GitLab
7 20 (0.28%) Selenium
8 19 (0.27%) Octopus Deploy
9 18 (0.25%) TeamCity
10 15 (0.21%) Cypress.io
11 14 (0.20%) JUnit
12 12 (0.17%) Maven
13 11 (0.15%) Oracle Forms
14 7 (0.098%) Burp Suite
14 7 (0.098%) JMeter
14 7 (0.098%) Locust
14 7 (0.098%) Spinnaker
15 6 (0.084%) Bitbucket
15 6 (0.084%) Postman
15 6 (0.084%) WebDriver
General
1 2,953 (41.23%) Social Skills
2 2,247 (31.37%) Inclusion and Diversity
3 1,903 (26.57%) Banking
4 1,349 (18.84%) Analytical Skills
5 1,254 (17.51%) Finance
6 605 (8.45%) Law
7 543 (7.58%) Marketing
8 287 (4.01%) Public Sector
9 273 (3.81%) Legal
10 231 (3.23%) Retail
11 110 (1.54%) Games
12 102 (1.42%) Manufacturing
13 100 (1.40%) Presentation Skills
14 89 (1.24%) Telecoms
15 82 (1.14%) Pharmaceutical
16 78 (1.09%) Financial Institution
17 76 (1.06%) Aviation
18 72 (1.01%) Organisational Skills
19 66 (0.92%) Electronics
20 61 (0.85%) Influencing Skills
Job Titles
1 1,620 (22.62%) Trainer
2 1,320 (18.43%) Lecturer
3 655 (9.15%) Senior
4 452 (6.31%) Lead
5 374 (5.22%) Software Engineer
6 370 (5.17%) Developer
7 291 (4.06%) Architect
8 262 (3.66%) Analyst
9 177 (2.47%) Consultant
9 177 (2.47%) Content Editor
10 140 (1.95%) Data Engineer
11 128 (1.79%) Data Analyst
12 114 (1.59%) Support Specialist
13 106 (1.48%) Customer Support Specialist
14 104 (1.45%) Artificial Intelligence Engineer
14 104 (1.45%) Solutions Architect
15 102 (1.42%) Java Engineer
16 101 (1.41%) Research Scientist
17 97 (1.35%) Innovation Manager
18 95 (1.33%) Senior Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 270 (3.77%) React
2 163 (2.28%) .NET
3 161 (2.25%) REST
4 140 (1.95%) PyTorch
5 131 (1.83%) TensorFlow
6 115 (1.61%) Kafka
6 115 (1.61%) Spring
7 107 (1.49%) Node.js
8 98 (1.37%) RESTful
9 96 (1.34%) LangChain
10 90 (1.26%) HTML
11 80 (1.12%) AngularJS
12 69 (0.96%) FastAPI
12 69 (0.96%) scikit-learn
13 64 (0.89%) CSS
14 61 (0.85%) Hugging Face
14 61 (0.85%) Pandas
15 57 (0.80%) Django
15 57 (0.80%) Spring Boot
16 54 (0.75%) Vue
Miscellaneous
1 1,627 (22.72%) IoT
2 318 (4.44%) Cloud Native
3 220 (3.07%) Algorithms
4 171 (2.39%) Product Ownership
5 159 (2.22%) Onboarding
6 141 (1.97%) Robotics
7 139 (1.94%) AI Agents
8 123 (1.72%) Self-Motivation
9 121 (1.69%) Molecular Biology
10 108 (1.51%) Management Information System
11 93 (1.30%) Enterprise Software
12 89 (1.24%) Distributed Systems
12 89 (1.24%) Legacy Systems
13 83 (1.16%) Blog
14 82 (1.14%) Analytical Mindset
15 78 (1.09%) Virtual Team
16 74 (1.03%) Greenfield Project
17 73 (1.02%) Life Science
18 66 (0.92%) Low-Code
19 60 (0.84%) Data Centre
Operating Systems
1 91 (1.27%) Windows
2 76 (1.06%) Linux
3 62 (0.87%) Android
4 59 (0.82%) Unix
5 54 (0.75%) Apple iOS
6 46 (0.64%) Windows Server
7 18 (0.25%) Mac OS
8 9 (0.13%) Ubuntu
9 5 (0.070%) Kali Linux
9 5 (0.070%) Windows Server 2019
10 3 (0.042%) OpenWrt
11 2 (0.028%) Mac OS X
11 2 (0.028%) Windows Server 2012
11 2 (0.028%) Windows Server 2016
11 2 (0.028%) zOS
12 1 (0.014%) Debian
12 1 (0.014%) OpenVMS
12 1 (0.014%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
12 1 (0.014%) Solaris
12 1 (0.014%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,816 (39.32%) Machine Learning
2 1,872 (26.14%) User Experience
3 1,867 (26.07%) Cybersecurity
4 1,729 (24.14%) Conversational UI
5 1,625 (22.69%) Web Development
6 1,056 (14.74%) Agile
7 1,029 (14.37%) Analytics
8 784 (10.95%) Problem-Solving
9 736 (10.28%) Software Engineering
10 680 (9.49%) CI/CD
11 629 (8.78%) Continuous Improvement
11 629 (8.78%) Roadmaps
12 625 (8.73%) Decision-Making
13 621 (8.67%) Chemistry
14 551 (7.69%) DevOps
15 512 (7.15%) Data Science
16 490 (6.84%) Computer Science
17 442 (6.17%) Business Intelligence
18 425 (5.93%) Generative AI
19 403 (5.63%) LLM
Programming Languages
1 1,069 (14.93%) Python
2 694 (9.69%) SQL
3 307 (4.29%) Java
4 245 (3.42%) TypeScript
5 230 (3.21%) JavaScript
6 139 (1.94%) C#
7 87 (1.21%) PowerShell
8 80 (1.12%) C++
9 56 (0.78%) Bash
10 50 (0.70%) Go
11 47 (0.66%) Kotlin
12 45 (0.63%) R
13 34 (0.47%) Data Analysis Expressions
13 34 (0.47%) Scala
14 30 (0.42%) Bicep
14 30 (0.42%) Rust
15 28 (0.39%) PHP
16 24 (0.34%) C
17 23 (0.32%) PL/SQL
18 21 (0.29%) Shell Script
Qualifications
1 4,058 (56.66%) Degree
2 2,748 (38.37%) Master's Degree
3 2,633 (36.76%) PhD
4 1,601 (22.35%) Postgraduate
5 263 (3.67%) Security Cleared
6 228 (3.18%) Computer Science Degree
7 221 (3.09%) SC Cleared
8 92 (1.28%) Azure Certification
9 57 (0.80%) DV Cleared
10 54 (0.75%) AWS Certification
11 51 (0.71%) BPSS Clearance
12 41 (0.57%) DBS Check
13 38 (0.53%) Microsoft Certification
13 38 (0.53%) PMP
14 37 (0.52%) ACCA
15 29 (0.40%) Numerate Degree
16 28 (0.39%) TOGAF Certification
17 26 (0.36%) CISSP
18 22 (0.31%) Cisco Certification
19 21 (0.29%) PMI Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 186 (2.60%) Data Quality
2 117 (1.63%) GDPR
3 110 (1.54%) QA
4 105 (1.47%) Accessibility
5 62 (0.87%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 34 (0.47%) EU AI Act
7 32 (0.45%) Cyber Essentials
8 31 (0.43%) SLA
9 30 (0.42%) GxP
10 28 (0.39%) NIST
11 23 (0.32%) HIPAA
12 22 (0.31%) GAAP
12 22 (0.31%) IFRS
12 22 (0.31%) Solvency II
13 21 (0.29%) PSD2
14 20 (0.28%) Actionable Recommendations
15 18 (0.25%) PMO
16 16 (0.22%) GRC
16 16 (0.22%) Sarbanes-Oxley
17 13 (0.18%) HL7
System Software
1 249 (3.48%) Docker
2 41 (0.57%) Active Directory
3 22 (0.31%) Virtual Desktop
3 22 (0.31%) VMware Infrastructure
4 18 (0.25%) Virtual Machines
5 12 (0.17%) Hyper-V
6 9 (0.13%) vSphere
7 7 (0.098%) HDFS
7 7 (0.098%) Lustre
8 5 (0.070%) GPFS
8 5 (0.070%) Slurm Workload Manager
9 4 (0.056%) Firmware
9 4 (0.056%) VMware ESXi
10 2 (0.028%) Apache Flume
10 2 (0.028%) Ceph
10 2 (0.028%) NFS
10 2 (0.028%) RACF
11 1 (0.014%) Oracle RAC
11 1 (0.014%) Terminal Server
11 1 (0.014%) Xen
Systems Management
1 275 (3.84%) Kubernetes
2 255 (3.56%) Terraform
3 53 (0.74%) Microsoft Intune
4 43 (0.60%) Grafana
5 42 (0.59%) Ansible
6 39 (0.54%) Prometheus
7 32 (0.45%) Kubeflow
8 24 (0.34%) Single Sign-On
9 10 (0.14%) Argo
9 10 (0.14%) SCCM
10 8 (0.11%) Cisco CUCM
11 4 (0.056%) Active Directory Federation Services
11 4 (0.056%) ITRS Geneos
11 4 (0.056%) Nagios
11 4 (0.056%) Nessus
11 4 (0.056%) Netcool
11 4 (0.056%) Netcool/OMNIbus
11 4 (0.056%) Nmap
11 4 (0.056%) Tivoli
12 3 (0.042%) Kustomize
Vendors
1 1,617 (22.58%) PayPal
2 839 (11.71%) Microsoft
3 238 (3.32%) Google
4 187 (2.61%) Databricks
5 127 (1.77%) Oracle
6 111 (1.55%) OpenAI
7 108 (1.51%) Cisco
8 98 (1.37%) Dell
9 85 (1.19%) Adobe
10 84 (1.17%) Salesforce
11 73 (1.02%) SAP
12 72 (1.01%) Foundry
13 51 (0.71%) ServiceNow
14 48 (0.67%) Blue Prism
14 48 (0.67%) Palo Alto
15 46 (0.64%) Apple
16 45 (0.63%) Alteryx
17 43 (0.60%) Palantir
18 40 (0.56%) HubSpot
19 39 (0.54%) Splunk