AI Job Trends

AI
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring AI skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 23 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
23 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 7 55 78
Rank change year-on-year +48 +23 +38
Permanent jobs citing AI 7,038 2,775 1,877
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 13.24% 4.04% 3.61%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 15.56% 4.81% 3.85%
Number of salaries quoted 1,992 1,484 1,172
10th Percentile £32,500 £43,750 £43,750
25th Percentile £49,750 £57,235 £54,053
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £77,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -9.09% +2.67% +7.14%
75th Percentile £95,000 £95,000 £92,500
90th Percentile £120,000 £115,000 £115,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £59,389 £70,000 £67,500
% change year-on-year -15.16% +3.70% +12.50%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

AI falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 45,242 57,727 48,781
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 85.14% 83.98% 93.81%
Number of salaries quoted 27,567 30,431 37,438
10th Percentile £28,250 £34,000 £32,500
25th Percentile £36,250 £45,000 £43,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £60,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -8.33% - -
75th Percentile £75,000 £78,750 £80,000
90th Percentile £95,000 £97,500 £98,750
UK excluding London median annual salary £47,500 £54,000 £52,500
% change year-on-year -12.04% +2.86% -

AI
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing AI relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

AI job vacancy trend in the UK

AI
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI

AI
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing AI over the 6 months to 23 November 2025.

Salary histogram for AI in the UK

AI
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing AI within the UK over the 6 months to 23 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +50 6,091 £70,000 -9.09% 1,967
UK excluding London +56 4,653 £59,389 -15.16% 1,473
Work from Home +66 2,940 £65,000 -13.33% 1,184
London +37 1,976 £80,000 -9.97% 848
North of England +66 1,616 £57,500 -14.81% 239
South East +24 1,169 £51,250 -29.31% 682
North West +58 1,088 £57,500 -11.20% 143
Midlands +124 535 £65,000 -13.04% 172
East of England +86 491 £47,500 -44.12% 105
Scotland +79 474 £69,624 +11.40% 100
Yorkshire +53 412 £71,250 +1.79% 68
West Midlands +109 329 £65,000 - 129
South West +34 307 £60,000 -7.69% 128
East Midlands +100 204 £60,000 -29.41% 42
North East +60 116 £50,000 -33.33% 30
Wales +43 102 £55,000 +2.33% 33
Northern Ireland -6 31 £85,000 -4.23% 25
Channel Islands +9 6 - - 1

AI
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 82 (1.17%) Apache Spark
2 78 (1.11%) SharePoint
3 55 (0.78%) Apache Airflow
4 48 (0.68%) CMS
4 48 (0.68%) Confluence
5 28 (0.40%) Apache
6 27 (0.38%) Microsoft Exchange
7 18 (0.26%) WordPress
8 15 (0.21%) Apache Solr
8 15 (0.21%) Oracle SOA Suite
9 9 (0.13%) Oracle Workflow
10 8 (0.11%) Umbraco
11 6 (0.085%) Camunda
11 6 (0.085%) JBoss
11 6 (0.085%) WebSphere
12 5 (0.071%) Appian
13 4 (0.057%) Apache Pulsar
13 4 (0.057%) Drupal
13 4 (0.057%) Luigi
13 4 (0.057%) nginx
Applications
1 1,587 (22.55%) Chatbot
2 204 (2.90%) Microsoft Excel
3 92 (1.31%) Microsoft Office
4 30 (0.43%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 18 (0.26%) Adobe Premiere
6 14 (0.20%) Maya
7 12 (0.17%) Photoshop
7 12 (0.17%) Sketch
8 10 (0.14%) Adobe Creative Suite
9 9 (0.13%) Adobe After Effects
9 9 (0.13%) Adobe XD
10 7 (0.099%) MS Visio
11 6 (0.085%) Notion
11 6 (0.085%) Spreadsheet
12 5 (0.071%) Simulink
13 4 (0.057%) InDesign
14 3 (0.043%) Final Cut Pro
14 3 (0.043%) Microsoft Project
14 3 (0.043%) S-PLUS
15 2 (0.028%) Weka
Business Applications
1 48 (0.68%) Dynamics CRM
2 19 (0.27%) Oracle ERP
3 17 (0.24%) NetSuite
4 14 (0.20%) SAP S/4HANA
5 10 (0.14%) Oracle Payables
5 10 (0.14%) Shopify
6 7 (0.099%) Endur
7 6 (0.085%) SAP SCM
7 6 (0.085%) Workday HCM
8 5 (0.071%) Elite 3E
8 5 (0.071%) Oracle EBS
8 5 (0.071%) Salesforce CRM
9 3 (0.043%) Oracle Receivables
9 3 (0.043%) SAP Business One
10 2 (0.028%) Dynamics GP
10 2 (0.028%) Oracle Assets
10 2 (0.028%) Oracle General Ledger
10 2 (0.028%) SAP ERP
10 2 (0.028%) SAP IBP
10 2 (0.028%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
Cloud Services
1 1,651 (23.46%) Cloud Computing
2 1,045 (14.85%) Azure
3 762 (10.83%) AWS
4 445 (6.32%) Power Platform
5 362 (5.14%) SaaS
6 326 (4.63%) GCP
7 190 (2.70%) GitHub
8 176 (2.50%) Azure DevOps
9 172 (2.44%) Microsoft 365
10 162 (2.30%) Azure AI
11 107 (1.52%) Snowflake
12 95 (1.35%) Serverless
12 95 (1.35%) Vertex AI
13 94 (1.34%) Microsoft Copilot
14 81 (1.15%) GitHub Copilot
15 79 (1.12%) Azure Data Factory
16 72 (1.02%) Power Automate
17 69 (0.98%) Entra ID
18 64 (0.91%) Amazon S3
19 60 (0.85%) Amazon Bedrock
Communications & Networking
1 1,621 (23.03%) Internet
2 23 (0.33%) Firewall
3 21 (0.30%) Unified Communications
4 20 (0.28%) VoIP
5 18 (0.26%) Network Security
5 18 (0.26%) VPN
5 18 (0.26%) WAN
6 14 (0.20%) Broadband
6 14 (0.20%) DNS
6 14 (0.20%) TCP/IP
6 14 (0.20%) Wi-Fi
7 11 (0.16%) LAN
7 11 (0.16%) Wireless
8 9 (0.13%) WebEx
9 8 (0.11%) InfiniBand
9 8 (0.11%) Telepresence
9 8 (0.11%) VLAN
10 7 (0.099%) DHCP
10 7 (0.099%) Intranet
10 7 (0.099%) SAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 320 (4.55%) Power BI
2 173 (2.46%) Tableau
3 170 (2.42%) Data Warehouse
4 135 (1.92%) NoSQL
5 100 (1.42%) SQL Server
6 97 (1.38%) Data Lake
7 91 (1.29%) PostgreSQL
8 87 (1.24%) Big Data
9 80 (1.14%) Metadata
9 80 (1.14%) MongoDB
10 62 (0.88%) MySQL
11 47 (0.67%) Relational Database
12 41 (0.58%) DynamoDB
13 31 (0.44%) Elasticsearch
14 30 (0.43%) Hadoop
15 28 (0.40%) Azure SQL Database
16 27 (0.38%) Data Mining
17 26 (0.37%) Delta Lake
18 25 (0.36%) BigQuery
18 25 (0.36%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 134 (1.90%) Git
2 122 (1.73%) JIRA
3 52 (0.74%) Jenkins
4 40 (0.57%) MLflow
5 22 (0.31%) GitLab
6 19 (0.27%) Octopus Deploy
7 18 (0.26%) Selenium
7 18 (0.26%) TeamCity
7 18 (0.26%) Vite
8 14 (0.20%) Cypress.io
9 12 (0.17%) Oracle Forms
10 11 (0.16%) JUnit
11 10 (0.14%) Maven
12 7 (0.099%) Bitbucket
12 7 (0.099%) Burp Suite
12 7 (0.099%) JMeter
13 6 (0.085%) ERwin
13 6 (0.085%) Locust
13 6 (0.085%) Postman
13 6 (0.085%) WebDriver
General
1 2,940 (41.77%) Social Skills
2 2,184 (31.03%) Inclusion and Diversity
3 1,874 (26.63%) Banking
4 1,313 (18.66%) Analytical Skills
5 1,199 (17.04%) Finance
6 534 (7.59%) Law
7 511 (7.26%) Marketing
8 286 (4.06%) Public Sector
9 268 (3.81%) Legal
10 229 (3.25%) Retail
11 108 (1.53%) Games
12 105 (1.49%) Manufacturing
13 102 (1.45%) Presentation Skills
14 91 (1.29%) Telecoms
15 83 (1.18%) Pharmaceutical
16 78 (1.11%) Financial Institution
17 76 (1.08%) Aviation
18 70 (0.99%) Organisational Skills
19 67 (0.95%) Electronics
20 62 (0.88%) Influencing Skills
Job Titles
1 1,531 (21.75%) Trainer
2 1,318 (18.73%) Lecturer
3 637 (9.05%) Senior
4 429 (6.10%) Lead
5 376 (5.34%) Developer
6 320 (4.55%) Software Engineer
7 289 (4.11%) Architect
8 262 (3.72%) Analyst
9 182 (2.59%) Consultant
10 167 (2.37%) Content Editor
11 136 (1.93%) Data Engineer
12 129 (1.83%) Data Analyst
13 113 (1.61%) Support Specialist
14 105 (1.49%) Customer Support Specialist
15 104 (1.48%) Artificial Intelligence Engineer
15 104 (1.48%) Solutions Architect
16 101 (1.44%) Research Scientist
17 97 (1.38%) Innovation Manager
18 93 (1.32%) Senior Developer
19 85 (1.21%) Junior
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 253 (3.59%) React
2 166 (2.36%) .NET
3 156 (2.22%) REST
4 131 (1.86%) PyTorch
5 123 (1.75%) TensorFlow
6 105 (1.49%) Node.js
7 101 (1.44%) Kafka
8 100 (1.42%) HTML
9 95 (1.35%) RESTful
9 95 (1.35%) Spring
10 89 (1.26%) LangChain
11 76 (1.08%) AngularJS
12 69 (0.98%) FastAPI
13 68 (0.97%) scikit-learn
14 65 (0.92%) CSS
15 59 (0.84%) Django
15 59 (0.84%) Pandas
16 54 (0.77%) Hugging Face
16 54 (0.77%) Vue
17 53 (0.75%) PySpark
Miscellaneous
1 1,627 (23.12%) IoT
2 305 (4.33%) Cloud Native
3 202 (2.87%) Algorithms
4 176 (2.50%) Onboarding
5 169 (2.40%) Product Ownership
6 143 (2.03%) Robotics
7 139 (1.97%) AI Agents
8 124 (1.76%) Self-Motivation
9 119 (1.69%) Molecular Biology
10 105 (1.49%) Management Information System
11 95 (1.35%) Enterprise Software
12 88 (1.25%) Legacy Systems
13 87 (1.24%) Distributed Systems
14 86 (1.22%) Blog
15 82 (1.17%) Analytical Mindset
16 78 (1.11%) Virtual Team
17 74 (1.05%) Life Science
18 73 (1.04%) Greenfield Project
19 68 (0.97%) Low-Code
20 60 (0.85%) Data Centre
Operating Systems
1 90 (1.28%) Windows
2 74 (1.05%) Linux
3 67 (0.95%) Unix
4 61 (0.87%) Android
5 52 (0.74%) Apple iOS
6 45 (0.64%) Windows Server
7 16 (0.23%) Mac OS
8 8 (0.11%) Ubuntu
9 5 (0.071%) Kali Linux
9 5 (0.071%) Windows Server 2019
10 3 (0.043%) OpenWrt
11 2 (0.028%) Mac OS X
11 2 (0.028%) Windows Server 2012
11 2 (0.028%) Windows Server 2016
11 2 (0.028%) zOS
12 1 (0.014%) Debian
12 1 (0.014%) OpenVMS
12 1 (0.014%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
12 1 (0.014%) Solaris
12 1 (0.014%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,754 (39.13%) Machine Learning
2 1,865 (26.50%) User Experience
3 1,862 (26.46%) Cybersecurity
4 1,637 (23.26%) Conversational UI
5 1,626 (23.10%) Web Development
6 1,028 (14.61%) Analytics
7 1,002 (14.24%) Agile
8 771 (10.95%) Problem-Solving
9 684 (9.72%) Software Engineering
10 642 (9.12%) CI/CD
11 622 (8.84%) Roadmaps
12 617 (8.77%) Continuous Improvement
12 617 (8.77%) Decision-Making
13 580 (8.24%) Chemistry
14 550 (7.81%) DevOps
15 499 (7.09%) Data Science
16 460 (6.54%) Computer Science
17 453 (6.44%) Business Intelligence
18 425 (6.04%) Generative AI
19 410 (5.83%) LLM
Programming Languages
1 1,059 (15.05%) Python
2 681 (9.68%) SQL
3 268 (3.81%) Java
4 234 (3.32%) TypeScript
5 232 (3.30%) JavaScript
6 140 (1.99%) C#
7 88 (1.25%) PowerShell
8 80 (1.14%) C++
9 56 (0.80%) Bash
10 48 (0.68%) R
11 46 (0.65%) Go
12 41 (0.58%) Kotlin
13 33 (0.47%) Data Analysis Expressions
14 30 (0.43%) Bicep
14 30 (0.43%) Rust
14 30 (0.43%) Scala
15 29 (0.41%) PHP
16 23 (0.33%) C
16 23 (0.33%) PL/SQL
17 20 (0.28%) Swift
Qualifications
1 3,977 (56.51%) Degree
2 2,683 (38.12%) Master's Degree
3 2,573 (36.56%) PhD
4 1,601 (22.75%) Postgraduate
5 266 (3.78%) Security Cleared
6 226 (3.21%) SC Cleared
7 216 (3.07%) Computer Science Degree
8 93 (1.32%) Azure Certification
9 57 (0.81%) DV Cleared
10 51 (0.72%) BPSS Clearance
11 49 (0.70%) AWS Certification
12 44 (0.63%) DBS Check
13 40 (0.57%) PMP
14 37 (0.53%) ACCA
14 37 (0.53%) Microsoft Certification
15 31 (0.44%) Numerate Degree
16 28 (0.40%) TOGAF Certification
17 27 (0.38%) CISSP
18 23 (0.33%) PMI Certification
19 19 (0.27%) CISA
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 193 (2.74%) Data Quality
2 115 (1.63%) GDPR
3 110 (1.56%) QA
4 108 (1.53%) Accessibility
5 61 (0.87%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 34 (0.48%) EU AI Act
7 31 (0.44%) Cyber Essentials
7 31 (0.44%) SLA
8 30 (0.43%) GxP
9 27 (0.38%) NIST
10 23 (0.33%) HIPAA
10 23 (0.33%) IFRS
11 22 (0.31%) GAAP
11 22 (0.31%) Solvency II
12 21 (0.30%) PSD2
13 20 (0.28%) Actionable Recommendations
13 20 (0.28%) PMO
14 16 (0.23%) GRC
14 16 (0.23%) Sarbanes-Oxley
15 13 (0.18%) WCAG
System Software
1 243 (3.45%) Docker
2 41 (0.58%) Active Directory
3 22 (0.31%) Virtual Desktop
3 22 (0.31%) VMware Infrastructure
4 18 (0.26%) Virtual Machines
5 12 (0.17%) Hyper-V
6 9 (0.13%) vSphere
7 7 (0.099%) Lustre
8 6 (0.085%) HDFS
9 5 (0.071%) GPFS
9 5 (0.071%) Slurm Workload Manager
10 4 (0.057%) Firmware
10 4 (0.057%) VMware ESXi
11 2 (0.028%) Apache Flume
11 2 (0.028%) Ceph
11 2 (0.028%) NFS
11 2 (0.028%) RACF
12 1 (0.014%) Oracle RAC
12 1 (0.014%) Terminal Server
12 1 (0.014%) Xen
Systems Management
1 256 (3.64%) Kubernetes
2 247 (3.51%) Terraform
3 50 (0.71%) Microsoft Intune
4 42 (0.60%) Ansible
5 33 (0.47%) Grafana
5 33 (0.47%) Prometheus
6 32 (0.45%) Kubeflow
7 26 (0.37%) Single Sign-On
8 10 (0.14%) SCCM
9 9 (0.13%) Argo
10 8 (0.11%) Cisco CUCM
11 4 (0.057%) Active Directory Federation Services
11 4 (0.057%) Nessus
11 4 (0.057%) Nmap
12 3 (0.043%) Functional Safety
12 3 (0.043%) ITRS Geneos
12 3 (0.043%) Kustomize
12 3 (0.043%) Netcool
12 3 (0.043%) Tivoli
12 3 (0.043%) vCenter Server
Vendors
1 1,528 (21.71%) PayPal
2 845 (12.01%) Microsoft
3 236 (3.35%) Google
4 179 (2.54%) Databricks
5 119 (1.69%) Oracle
6 106 (1.51%) Cisco
7 104 (1.48%) OpenAI
8 97 (1.38%) Dell
9 85 (1.21%) Salesforce
10 83 (1.18%) Adobe
11 76 (1.08%) SAP
12 71 (1.01%) Foundry
13 48 (0.68%) Alteryx
13 48 (0.68%) Blue Prism
13 48 (0.68%) Palo Alto
14 47 (0.67%) ServiceNow
15 44 (0.63%) Apple
16 42 (0.60%) Palantir
17 40 (0.57%) HubSpot
18 36 (0.51%) Bloomberg