CI/CD Contracts

CI/CD
UK

The table below provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies requiring CI/CD skills. It includes a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that cited CI/CD over the 6 months leading up to 30 April 2025, comparing them to the same period in the previous two years.

6 months to
30 Apr 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 20 30 21
Rank change year-on-year +10 -9 -3
Contract jobs citing CI/CD 2,594 2,481 4,763
As % of all contract jobs advertised in the UK 8.87% 5.69% 7.98%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 9.77% 6.59% 8.88%
Number of daily rates quoted 1,856 1,757 3,388
10th Percentile £380 £405 £450
25th Percentile £435 £463 £500
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £525 £550 £600
Median % change year-on-year -4.55% -8.33% -
75th Percentile £638 £650 £688
90th Percentile £775 £750 £775
UK excluding London median daily rate £500 £550 £550
% change year-on-year -9.09% - +3.77%
Number of hourly rates quoted 30 34 75
10th Percentile £27.04 £47.73 £53.75
25th Percentile £45.63 £56.25 £60.91
Median hourly rate £63.25 £65.00 £65.61
Median % change year-on-year -2.69% -0.92% +0.93%
75th Percentile £79.41 £70.00 £74.38
90th Percentile £96.83 £72.13 £75.30
UK excluding London median hourly rate £65.00 £65.00 £65.50
% change year-on-year - -0.76% +9.17%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

CI/CD falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 26,551 37,621 53,662
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 90.82% 86.30% 89.91%
Number of daily rates quoted 17,137 24,254 37,244
10th Percentile £308 £300 £325
25th Percentile £413 £413 £438
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £521 £525 £550
Median % change year-on-year -0.86% -4.55% +4.76%
75th Percentile £630 £638 £650
90th Percentile £744 £750 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £481 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -3.80% - +5.26%
Number of hourly rates quoted 1,071 2,437 1,746
10th Percentile £14.70 £12.75 £11.00
25th Percentile £18.50 £16.00 £16.25
Median hourly rate £29.00 £35.50 £37.30
Median % change year-on-year -18.31% -4.83% +49.20%
75th Percentile £62.00 £59.95 £65.00
90th Percentile £75.00 £72.50 £75.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £27.94 £36.50 £36.00
% change year-on-year -23.45% +1.39% +80.00%

CI/CD
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing CI/CD as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Contractor Daily Rate Trend

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing CI/CD.

Daily rate trend for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CI/CD over the 6 months to 30 April 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing CI/CD.

Hourly rate trend for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CI/CD over the 6 months to 30 April 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Top 17 Contract Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CI/CD within the UK over the 6 months to 30 April 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +9 2,102 £536 -4.50% 2,334
London +6 1,267 £575 +1.77% 1,132
Work from Home +12 984 £525 -4.55% 1,611
UK excluding London +15 920 £500 -9.09% 1,347
North of England +8 293 £500 -9.09% 494
South East +26 187 £513 -14.58% 224
Scotland +7 167 £480 -4.00% 99
North West -1 155 £500 -14.09% 313
Yorkshire +17 113 £510 -5.12% 127
Midlands +44 112 £475 - 189
South West +21 102 £550 -7.56% 182
West Midlands +32 72 £493 +3.79% 111
East of England +31 42 £467 -6.70% 94
East Midlands +33 40 £463 +16.35% 76
North East +17 28 £506 +8.00% 54
Wales -5 18 £533 +3.90% 47
Northern Ireland - 11 £425 - 37

CI/CD
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 123 (4.74%) Apache Spark
2 102 (3.93%) Apache
3 87 (3.35%) Confluence
4 59 (2.27%) Apache Airflow
5 45 (1.73%) nginx
6 17 (0.66%) JBoss
7 16 (0.62%) SharePoint
8 13 (0.50%) OpenStack
9 12 (0.46%) CMS
9 12 (0.46%) Tomcat
9 12 (0.46%) Traefik
10 11 (0.42%) Anypoint
11 10 (0.39%) WebLogic
12 9 (0.35%) Jupyter
13 7 (0.27%) BizTalk Server
13 7 (0.27%) Camunda
13 7 (0.27%) SAS
13 7 (0.27%) WebSphere
14 6 (0.23%) IIS
14 6 (0.23%) Mule
Applications
1 9 (0.35%) Microsoft Excel
2 6 (0.23%) Trello
3 3 (0.12%) MS Visio
4 2 (0.077%) Chatbot
4 2 (0.077%) Sketch
5 1 (0.039%) Adobe XD
5 1 (0.039%) InVision
5 1 (0.039%) Microsoft Office
5 1 (0.039%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 1 (0.039%) Microsoft Project
5 1 (0.039%) Spreadsheet
Business Applications
1 7 (0.27%) Oracle BPM
2 5 (0.19%) Dynamics CRM
2 5 (0.19%) FLEXCUBE
3 4 (0.15%) Endur
3 4 (0.15%) Oracle EBS
3 4 (0.15%) Payment Gateway
3 4 (0.15%) SAP Hybris
4 3 (0.12%) Aladdin
4 3 (0.12%) NEC Housing
4 3 (0.12%) Salesforce CRM
4 3 (0.12%) Shopify
5 2 (0.077%) NetSuite
5 2 (0.077%) Remedy ITSM
5 2 (0.077%) SAP HCM
5 2 (0.077%) SAP S/4HANA
6 1 (0.039%) BusinessWorks
6 1 (0.039%) Distributed Ledger
6 1 (0.039%) Oracle EBS R12
6 1 (0.039%) SAP ERP
6 1 (0.039%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
Cloud Services
1 1,150 (44.33%) AWS
2 851 (32.81%) Azure
3 367 (14.15%) GitHub
4 338 (13.03%) Serverless
5 323 (12.45%) Azure DevOps
6 306 (11.80%) GCP
7 244 (9.41%) AWS Lambda
8 215 (8.29%) Amazon S3
9 185 (7.13%) AWS CloudFormation
10 182 (7.02%) GitHub Actions
11 131 (5.05%) OpenShift
12 123 (4.74%) Amazon EC2
13 122 (4.70%) Amazon CloudWatch
14 115 (4.43%) Amazon ECS
15 108 (4.16%) Amazon EKS
16 93 (3.59%) SaaS
17 92 (3.55%) PaaS
18 90 (3.47%) Azure AKS
19 89 (3.43%) Power Platform
20 78 (3.01%) Azure Data Factory
Communications & Networking
1 84 (3.24%) DNS
2 83 (3.20%) Firewall
3 65 (2.51%) TCP/IP
4 50 (1.93%) VPN
5 49 (1.89%) HTTP
6 38 (1.46%) Network Security
7 19 (0.73%) SSL
8 18 (0.69%) VSAN
9 16 (0.62%) SAN
10 15 (0.58%) 4G
10 15 (0.58%) 5G
10 15 (0.58%) DHCP
10 15 (0.58%) Radio Access Network
11 13 (0.50%) 5G NR
11 13 (0.50%) BGP
11 13 (0.50%) LTE
11 13 (0.50%) WAN
12 12 (0.46%) NAS
13 10 (0.39%) SD-WAN
13 10 (0.39%) SMTP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 224 (8.64%) PostgreSQL
2 152 (5.86%) Relational Database
3 131 (5.05%) MongoDB
4 125 (4.82%) NoSQL
5 122 (4.70%) SQL Server
6 97 (3.74%) Amazon RDS
7 92 (3.55%) Data Warehouse
8 87 (3.35%) MySQL
9 73 (2.81%) Big Data
9 73 (2.81%) DynamoDB
10 68 (2.62%) Data Lake
11 67 (2.58%) Elasticsearch
12 65 (2.51%) Amazon Athena
13 62 (2.39%) Power BI
14 58 (2.24%) Hadoop
15 50 (1.93%) Amazon Redshift
16 43 (1.66%) Azure SQL Database
17 42 (1.62%) Apache Iceberg
18 40 (1.54%) RDBMS
19 38 (1.46%) Oracle Database
Development Applications
1 606 (23.36%) Jenkins
2 485 (18.70%) Git
3 387 (14.92%) GitLab
4 217 (8.37%) JIRA
5 122 (4.70%) Selenium
6 107 (4.12%) JUnit
7 74 (2.85%) Postman
8 73 (2.81%) Cypress.io
9 70 (2.70%) Cucumber
10 64 (2.47%) Bitbucket
10 64 (2.47%) Gradle
11 62 (2.39%) TeamCity
12 61 (2.35%) JMeter
13 56 (2.16%) Artifactory
14 51 (1.97%) Maven
15 49 (1.89%) REST Assured
15 49 (1.89%) SonarQube
16 48 (1.85%) Mockito
17 37 (1.43%) Liquibase
18 31 (1.20%) Visual Studio
General
1 585 (22.55%) Social Skills
2 529 (20.39%) Finance
3 317 (12.22%) Public Sector
4 295 (11.37%) Analytical Skills
5 213 (8.21%) Banking
6 88 (3.39%) Telecoms
7 79 (3.05%) Front Office
8 70 (2.70%) Investment Banking
9 58 (2.24%) Marketing
10 53 (2.04%) Manufacturing
11 48 (1.85%) Presentation Skills
12 46 (1.77%) Electronics
13 43 (1.66%) Financial Institution
14 39 (1.50%) Inclusion and Diversity
15 38 (1.46%) Organisational Skills
16 30 (1.16%) Military
16 30 (1.16%) Retail
17 17 (0.66%) Back Office
18 12 (0.46%) Law
18 12 (0.46%) Legal
Job Titles
1 709 (27.33%) Developer
2 461 (17.77%) DevOps Engineer
3 393 (15.15%) Senior
4 238 (9.18%) Architect
5 201 (7.75%) Lead
6 200 (7.71%) AWS Engineer
7 185 (7.13%) Data Engineer
8 159 (6.13%) Java Developer
9 146 (5.63%) Software Engineer
10 133 (5.13%) AWS DevOps
11 126 (4.86%) AWS DevOps Engineer
12 124 (4.78%) Azure Engineer
12 124 (4.78%) Senior Developer
13 117 (4.51%) Python Engineer
14 109 (4.20%) Full-Stack Developer
15 98 (3.78%) Python Developer
16 84 (3.24%) Cloud Engineer
17 80 (3.08%) Senior DevOps
18 73 (2.81%) Senior DevOps Engineer
19 67 (2.58%) Azure DevOps Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 304 (11.72%) React
2 245 (9.44%) Kafka
3 236 (9.10%) .NET
4 230 (8.87%) RESTful
5 198 (7.63%) Spring
6 192 (7.40%) Spring Boot
7 189 (7.29%) REST
8 160 (6.17%) Node.js
9 153 (5.90%) HTML
10 142 (5.47%) CSS
11 116 (4.47%) AngularJS
12 87 (3.35%) PySpark
13 79 (3.05%) JSON
14 77 (2.97%) GraphQL
15 72 (2.78%) Elastic Stack
15 72 (2.78%) Web Services
16 68 (2.62%) Swagger
17 64 (2.47%) FastAPI
17 64 (2.47%) OpenAPI
18 62 (2.39%) .NET Core
Miscellaneous
1 167 (6.44%) Cloud Native
2 95 (3.66%) Product Ownership
3 88 (3.39%) Distributed Systems
4 73 (2.81%) Public Cloud
5 57 (2.20%) Algorithms
6 53 (2.04%) Mobile App
7 44 (1.70%) Enterprise Software
7 44 (1.70%) Legacy Systems
7 44 (1.70%) Management Information System
8 43 (1.66%) PKI
9 41 (1.58%) Onboarding
10 40 (1.54%) Greenfield Project
11 39 (1.50%) Data Protection Act
12 37 (1.43%) Hybrid Cloud
13 33 (1.27%) Derivative
14 32 (1.23%) Hedge funds
15 31 (1.20%) Data Structures
16 27 (1.04%) Data Centre
16 27 (1.04%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
17 26 (1.00%) Virtual Team
Operating Systems
1 392 (15.11%) Linux
2 138 (5.32%) Windows
3 132 (5.09%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
4 95 (3.66%) Unix
5 61 (2.35%) Android
6 38 (1.46%) Apple iOS
7 36 (1.39%) CentOS
7 36 (1.39%) Windows Server
8 11 (0.42%) Solaris
9 10 (0.39%) VMS
10 8 (0.31%) Mac OS
10 8 (0.31%) Rocky
11 7 (0.27%) SUSE
12 6 (0.23%) Ubuntu
13 3 (0.12%) AIX
14 1 (0.039%) Alpine Linux
14 1 (0.039%) Amazon Linux
14 1 (0.039%) Debian
14 1 (0.039%) VyOS
14 1 (0.039%) zOS
Processes & Methodologies
1 1,411 (54.39%) DevOps
2 1,005 (38.74%) Agile
3 550 (21.20%) Infrastructure as Code
4 549 (21.16%) Problem-Solving
5 533 (20.55%) Containerisation
6 519 (20.01%) Test Automation
7 488 (18.81%) Microservices
8 428 (16.50%) Software Engineering
9 390 (15.03%) Continuous Integration
10 261 (10.06%) Scrum
11 258 (9.95%) TDD
12 234 (9.02%) Full-Stack Development
13 221 (8.52%) Analytics
14 204 (7.86%) Mentoring
15 202 (7.79%) Continuous Improvement
16 197 (7.59%) SDLC
17 187 (7.21%) Migration
18 181 (6.98%) Artificial Intelligence
19 168 (6.48%) Continuous Delivery
20 165 (6.36%) Infrastructure Automation
Programming Languages
1 1,089 (41.98%) Python
2 624 (24.06%) Java
3 537 (20.70%) SQL
4 392 (15.11%) JavaScript
5 283 (10.91%) TypeScript
6 274 (10.56%) Bash
7 252 (9.71%) C#
8 186 (7.17%) PowerShell
9 145 (5.59%) Go
10 80 (3.08%) C++
11 72 (2.78%) Shell Script
12 63 (2.43%) Scala
13 54 (2.08%) Kotlin
14 36 (1.39%) PL/SQL
15 35 (1.35%) Bicep
16 33 (1.27%) Perl
17 32 (1.23%) Groovy
18 29 (1.12%) Rust
19 28 (1.08%) PHP
20 27 (1.04%) Ruby
Qualifications
1 542 (20.89%) Security Cleared
2 468 (18.04%) SC Cleared
3 191 (7.36%) Degree
4 111 (4.28%) AWS Certification
5 97 (3.74%) Computer Science Degree
6 57 (2.20%) DV Cleared
7 56 (2.16%) Azure Certification
8 38 (1.46%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 32 (1.23%) Microsoft Certification
10 28 (1.08%) Master's Degree
11 25 (0.96%) ISTQB
12 21 (0.81%) BPSS Clearance
13 19 (0.73%) VMware Certified Professional (VCP)
14 16 (0.62%) AWS Certified DevOps Engineer
15 15 (0.58%) MCSE
15 15 (0.58%) TOGAF Certification
16 12 (0.46%) Cisco Certification
17 11 (0.42%) CISSP
17 11 (0.42%) OCP
17 11 (0.42%) Oracle Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 192 (7.40%) QA
2 84 (3.24%) Accessibility
3 68 (2.62%) Data Quality
4 51 (1.97%) GDPR
5 36 (1.39%) NCSC
6 34 (1.31%) NIST
7 24 (0.93%) ISO/IEC 27001
8 16 (0.62%) HIPAA
9 14 (0.54%) Disclosure Scotland
10 13 (0.50%) PCI DSS
10 13 (0.50%) WCAG
11 12 (0.46%) Cyber Essentials
11 12 (0.46%) Sarbanes-Oxley
12 8 (0.31%) Software Quality Assurance
13 3 (0.12%) Government Security Classifications
13 3 (0.12%) HL7
13 3 (0.12%) SLA
13 3 (0.12%) SOC 2
14 2 (0.077%) DICOM
14 2 (0.077%) MiFID
System Software
1 758 (29.22%) Docker
2 57 (2.20%) Active Directory
3 48 (1.85%) VMware Infrastructure
4 30 (1.16%) Virtual Machines
5 24 (0.93%) VMware NSX
6 15 (0.58%) vSphere
7 12 (0.46%) VMware ESXi
8 9 (0.35%) NFS
9 6 (0.23%) Apache ZooKeeper
9 6 (0.23%) Veritas Cluster Server
10 5 (0.19%) Hyper-V
11 4 (0.15%) Ceph
11 4 (0.15%) Veritas File System
11 4 (0.15%) Veritas Volume Manager
12 3 (0.12%) LXC
12 3 (0.12%) RACF
12 3 (0.12%) Virtual Desktop
13 2 (0.077%) OpenAM
13 2 (0.077%) OpenDJ
13 2 (0.077%) OpenIDM
Systems Management
1 926 (35.70%) Kubernetes
2 817 (31.50%) Terraform
3 401 (15.46%) Ansible
4 162 (6.25%) Grafana
5 128 (4.93%) Prometheus
6 63 (2.43%) Puppet
7 59 (2.27%) Progress Chef
8 50 (1.93%) Argo
9 49 (1.89%) Kibana
10 41 (1.58%) Packer
11 32 (1.23%) Istio
12 24 (0.93%) Consul
13 21 (0.81%) Rancher
13 21 (0.81%) Single Sign-On
14 20 (0.77%) ZABBIX
15 18 (0.69%) logstash
16 17 (0.66%) HAProxy
17 16 (0.62%) linkerd
18 15 (0.58%) Jamf Pro
18 15 (0.58%) Podman
Vendors
1 213 (8.21%) Microsoft
2 143 (5.51%) Oracle
3 127 (4.90%) Splunk
4 117 (4.51%) Databricks
4 117 (4.51%) Google
5 80 (3.08%) SAP
6 71 (2.74%) VMware
7 64 (2.47%) Red Hat
8 48 (1.85%) ServiceNow
9 45 (1.73%) Salesforce
10 37 (1.43%) Cisco
11 29 (1.12%) AppDynamics
12 28 (1.08%) Dynatrace
12 28 (1.08%) MuleSoft
13 26 (1.00%) IBM
14 20 (0.77%) Palo Alto
15 18 (0.69%) Apple
15 18 (0.69%) Okta
16 17 (0.66%) Cloudera
17 16 (0.62%) Veritas