CI/CD
UK

The table below provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies requiring CI/CD skills. It includes a benchmarking guide to the annual salaries offered in vacancies that cited CI/CD over the 6 months leading up to 27 April 2025, comparing them to the same period in the previous two years.

6 months to
27 Apr 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 42 32 25
Rank change year-on-year -10 -7 -7
Permanent jobs citing CI/CD 2,899 6,075 9,024
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 5.58% 6.19% 8.61%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 5.99% 7.19% 9.00%
Number of salaries quoted 2,081 3,276 5,740
10th Percentile £50,000 £43,750 £47,500
25th Percentile £58,000 £55,000 £57,500
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £72,500 £70,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year +3.57% -6.67% +3.45%
75th Percentile £95,000 £87,500 £95,000
90th Percentile £115,000 £105,000 £110,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £67,500 £62,500 £65,000
% change year-on-year +8.00% -3.85% -

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

CI/CD falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 48,396 84,463 100,220
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 93.23% 86.03% 95.64%
Number of salaries quoted 26,602 59,759 58,823
10th Percentile £30,750 £29,000 £34,000
25th Percentile £42,500 £40,000 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £57,500 £55,000 £62,000
Median % change year-on-year +4.55% -11.29% +3.33%
75th Percentile £76,250 £72,500 £82,500
90th Percentile £98,750 £92,500 £100,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £52,500 £50,000 £55,000
% change year-on-year +5.00% -9.09% +4.76%

CI/CD
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing CI/CD as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing CI/CD.

Salary trend for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CI/CD over the 6 months to 27 April 2025.

Salary histogram for CI/CD in the UK

CI/CD
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CI/CD within the UK over the 6 months to 27 April 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +10 2,605 £75,000 +7.14% 3,805
UK excluding London -24 1,497 £67,500 +8.00% 1,867
London +15 1,263 £85,000 - 2,314
Work from Home +10 1,207 £72,500 +3.57% 2,198
North of England -22 421 £68,000 +8.80% 522
South East +17 395 £65,000 +1.56% 430
North West -41 234 £70,000 +12.00% 333
South West +10 204 £68,525 +11.88% 272
Midlands -13 176 £65,000 - 233
Scotland -36 163 £66,000 +1.54% 190
Yorkshire +24 157 £68,000 +4.62% 130
West Midlands -10 142 £62,500 -3.85% 138
East of England +66 104 £65,000 +4.00% 146
Wales 0 39 £66,313 +20.57% 53
East Midlands -13 34 £65,000 +8.33% 88
North East +9 30 £65,000 +3.35% 59
Northern Ireland +41 15 £55,000 -10.20% 63

CI/CD
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 142 (4.90%) Apache Spark
2 108 (3.73%) Apache
3 107 (3.69%) Apache Airflow
4 98 (3.38%) Confluence
5 36 (1.24%) nginx
5 36 (1.24%) SharePoint
6 29 (1.00%) CMS
7 15 (0.52%) Apache Solr
8 14 (0.48%) Headless CMS
8 14 (0.48%) Tomcat
9 13 (0.45%) OpenStack
10 11 (0.38%) Microsoft Exchange
11 8 (0.28%) SAS
12 6 (0.21%) Oracle SOA Suite
13 5 (0.17%) Luigi
14 4 (0.14%) Cloud Foundry
14 4 (0.14%) Ethereum
14 4 (0.14%) GemFire
14 4 (0.14%) IBM Domino
14 4 (0.14%) IIS
Applications
1 12 (0.41%) Microsoft Excel
2 11 (0.38%) Maya
3 7 (0.24%) Chatbot
4 5 (0.17%) MS Visio
5 3 (0.10%) Microsoft Office
5 3 (0.10%) Microsoft Project
6 2 (0.069%) Adobe XD
6 2 (0.069%) Simulink
6 2 (0.069%) Sketch
6 2 (0.069%) S-PLUS
7 1 (0.034%) AutoCAD
7 1 (0.034%) Microsoft PowerPoint
7 1 (0.034%) Revit
7 1 (0.034%) Trello
Business Applications
1 39 (1.35%) Dynamics CRM
2 17 (0.59%) Oracle EBS
3 6 (0.21%) Oracle BPM
4 4 (0.14%) Payment Gateway
4 4 (0.14%) Remedy ITSM
4 4 (0.14%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
5 3 (0.10%) Endur
5 3 (0.10%) Fidessa
5 3 (0.10%) SAP CX
6 2 (0.069%) Cloudability
6 2 (0.069%) Oracle Subledger Accounting
6 2 (0.069%) Sprinklr
7 1 (0.034%) Dynamics NAV
7 1 (0.034%) Magento
7 1 (0.034%) SAP Hybris
7 1 (0.034%) SAP PP
7 1 (0.034%) SAP S/4HANA
7 1 (0.034%) SAP SD
7 1 (0.034%) Shopify
Cloud Services
1 1,401 (48.33%) Azure
2 1,272 (43.88%) AWS
3 520 (17.94%) GCP
4 455 (15.70%) Azure DevOps
5 427 (14.73%) Serverless
6 325 (11.21%) GitHub
7 263 (9.07%) AWS Lambda
8 213 (7.35%) AWS CloudFormation
9 194 (6.69%) SaaS
10 182 (6.28%) Amazon ECS
11 171 (5.90%) Amazon S3
12 163 (5.62%) GitHub Actions
13 155 (5.35%) Power Platform
14 147 (5.07%) Amazon EKS
15 132 (4.55%) Amazon EC2
16 131 (4.52%) PaaS
17 121 (4.17%) dbt
18 110 (3.79%) Azure Data Factory
19 101 (3.48%) Azure Synapse Analytics
20 97 (3.35%) Amazon SQS
Communications & Networking
1 75 (2.59%) Firewall
2 67 (2.31%) Network Security
3 51 (1.76%) TCP/IP
4 49 (1.69%) DNS
5 42 (1.45%) VPN
6 31 (1.07%) HTTP
7 20 (0.69%) Internet
8 14 (0.48%) HTTPS
8 14 (0.48%) Modbus
8 14 (0.48%) MQTT
9 12 (0.41%) Intrusion Detection
9 12 (0.41%) IPsec
10 10 (0.34%) SSL
10 10 (0.34%) WAN
11 7 (0.24%) Multicast
11 7 (0.24%) SAN
12 5 (0.17%) Ethernet
12 5 (0.17%) FTP
12 5 (0.17%) SMS
12 5 (0.17%) VLAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 249 (8.59%) NoSQL
2 228 (7.86%) PostgreSQL
3 208 (7.17%) SQL Server
4 161 (5.55%) Relational Database
5 145 (5.00%) MySQL
6 127 (4.38%) MongoDB
7 106 (3.66%) Amazon RDS
8 104 (3.59%) Data Warehouse
9 99 (3.41%) Power BI
10 96 (3.31%) Elasticsearch
11 93 (3.21%) Amazon Athena
11 93 (3.21%) Data Lake
12 85 (2.93%) Amazon Redshift
13 82 (2.83%) Big Data
14 75 (2.59%) Apache Ignite
15 72 (2.48%) Azure SQL Database
16 71 (2.45%) Apache Arrow
16 71 (2.45%) Apache Iceberg
16 71 (2.45%) Dremio
17 61 (2.10%) BigQuery
Development Applications
1 533 (18.39%) Git
2 428 (14.76%) Jenkins
3 227 (7.83%) GitLab
4 198 (6.83%) JIRA
5 113 (3.90%) JUnit
6 107 (3.69%) Artifactory
7 104 (3.59%) Selenium
8 74 (2.55%) Bitbucket
9 67 (2.31%) Cucumber
9 67 (2.31%) SonarQube
10 65 (2.24%) Maven
11 61 (2.10%) Postman
12 53 (1.83%) Sonatype Nexus
13 52 (1.79%) JMeter
14 51 (1.76%) TeamCity
15 50 (1.72%) Cypress.io
16 46 (1.59%) Mockito
17 45 (1.55%) CircleCI
17 45 (1.55%) Visual Studio
18 40 (1.38%) webpack
General
1 876 (30.22%) Finance
2 781 (26.94%) Social Skills
3 305 (10.52%) Banking
4 300 (10.35%) Analytical Skills
5 158 (5.45%) Front Office
6 154 (5.31%) Inclusion and Diversity
7 149 (5.14%) Law
8 144 (4.97%) Public Sector
9 102 (3.52%) Marketing
10 85 (2.93%) Retail
11 55 (1.90%) Games
12 47 (1.62%) Manufacturing
13 45 (1.55%) Legal
13 45 (1.55%) Telecoms
14 38 (1.31%) Financial Institution
15 31 (1.07%) Tech for Good
16 30 (1.03%) Organisational Skills
16 30 (1.03%) Presentation Skills
17 29 (1.00%) Advertising
18 28 (0.97%) Automotive
Job Titles
1 771 (26.60%) Senior
2 654 (22.56%) Developer
3 422 (14.56%) Lead
4 393 (13.56%) Software Engineer
5 371 (12.80%) DevOps Engineer
6 227 (7.83%) Data Engineer
7 196 (6.76%) Architect
7 196 (6.76%) AWS Engineer
8 190 (6.55%) Senior Developer
9 182 (6.28%) Senior Software Engineer
10 173 (5.97%) Cloud Engineer
11 169 (5.83%) AWS DevOps
12 152 (5.24%) Python Engineer
13 150 (5.17%) Azure Engineer
14 145 (5.00%) AWS DevOps Engineer
15 120 (4.14%) Platform Engineer
16 107 (3.69%) Software Developer
17 98 (3.38%) Senior DevOps
18 97 (3.35%) .NET Developer
19 95 (3.28%) Full-Stack Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 522 (18.01%) .NET
2 433 (14.94%) React
3 283 (9.76%) RESTful
4 268 (9.24%) Kafka
5 266 (9.18%) REST
6 265 (9.14%) Node.js
7 193 (6.66%) Spring Boot
8 184 (6.35%) Spring
9 180 (6.21%) AngularJS
10 163 (5.62%) CSS
11 162 (5.59%) HTML
12 118 (4.07%) .NET Core
13 116 (4.00%) .NET Framework
14 115 (3.97%) PySpark
15 96 (3.31%) Web Services
16 91 (3.14%) RabbitMQ
17 85 (2.93%) J2EE
17 85 (2.93%) Middleware
18 84 (2.90%) GraphQL
19 82 (2.83%) Vue
Miscellaneous
1 276 (9.52%) Cloud Native
2 165 (5.69%) Product Ownership
3 158 (5.45%) Distributed Systems
4 137 (4.73%) Public Cloud
5 132 (4.55%) Management Information System
6 104 (3.59%) Mobile App
7 76 (2.62%) Algorithms
8 62 (2.14%) Enterprise Software
9 59 (2.04%) Greenfield Project
10 56 (1.93%) Security Posture
11 53 (1.83%) Virtual Team
12 49 (1.69%) Cyberattack
12 49 (1.69%) Legacy Systems
13 44 (1.52%) Data Structures
14 43 (1.48%) Hybrid Cloud
15 34 (1.17%) Private Cloud
16 30 (1.03%) IoT
17 28 (0.97%) Onboarding
18 25 (0.86%) Data Centre
19 24 (0.83%) Clustering
Operating Systems
1 433 (14.94%) Linux
2 188 (6.48%) Windows
3 121 (4.17%) Android
4 81 (2.79%) Unix
5 63 (2.17%) Apple iOS
6 44 (1.52%) Windows Server
7 33 (1.14%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
8 19 (0.66%) CentOS
9 17 (0.59%) VMS
9 17 (0.59%) zOS
10 14 (0.48%) Solaris
11 10 (0.34%) Embedded Linux
12 9 (0.31%) Ubuntu
13 5 (0.17%) Debian
14 4 (0.14%) Windows Server 2008
14 4 (0.14%) Windows Server 2012
14 4 (0.14%) Windows Server 2016
14 4 (0.14%) Windows Server 2019
15 3 (0.10%) Rocky
16 2 (0.069%) CoreOS
Processes & Methodologies
1 1,707 (58.88%) DevOps
2 1,403 (48.40%) Agile
3 898 (30.98%) Software Engineering
4 636 (21.94%) Containerisation
5 632 (21.80%) Infrastructure as Code
6 616 (21.25%) Problem-Solving
7 563 (19.42%) Microservices
8 496 (17.11%) Mentoring
9 485 (16.73%) Test Automation
10 386 (13.31%) Continuous Integration
11 315 (10.87%) Analytics
12 308 (10.62%) Computer Science
13 307 (10.59%) Continuous Improvement
14 288 (9.93%) TDD
15 283 (9.76%) Scrum
16 274 (9.45%) Full-Stack Development
17 262 (9.04%) SDLC
18 258 (8.90%) Data Engineering
19 257 (8.87%) Roadmaps
20 230 (7.93%) Platform Engineering
Programming Languages
1 1,131 (39.01%) Python
2 723 (24.94%) Java
3 609 (21.01%) SQL
4 579 (19.97%) JavaScript
5 529 (18.25%) C#
6 341 (11.76%) TypeScript
7 255 (8.80%) Go
8 250 (8.62%) PowerShell
9 197 (6.80%) Bash
10 132 (4.55%) C++
11 121 (4.17%) Rust
12 89 (3.07%) Bicep
13 67 (2.31%) PHP
14 54 (1.86%) Scala
15 47 (1.62%) Ruby
16 38 (1.31%) C
16 38 (1.31%) Kotlin
17 35 (1.21%) T-SQL
18 34 (1.17%) Shell Script
18 34 (1.17%) Swift
Qualifications
1 425 (14.66%) Degree
2 297 (10.24%) Security Cleared
3 192 (6.62%) Computer Science Degree
4 177 (6.11%) SC Cleared
5 116 (4.00%) Azure Certification
6 113 (3.90%) AWS Certification
7 94 (3.24%) DV Cleared
8 93 (3.21%) Master's Degree
9 50 (1.72%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
10 42 (1.45%) BPSS Clearance
11 34 (1.17%) ISTQB
11 34 (1.17%) Microsoft Certification
12 23 (0.79%) Cisco Certification
13 20 (0.69%) PhD
14 19 (0.66%) CISSP
15 18 (0.62%) (ISC)2 CCSP
16 15 (0.52%) TOGAF Certification
17 14 (0.48%) CCSP
17 14 (0.48%) Oracle Certification
18 13 (0.45%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 207 (7.14%) QA
2 126 (4.35%) GDPR
3 89 (3.07%) Data Quality
4 83 (2.86%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 77 (2.66%) Accessibility
6 65 (2.24%) NIST
7 60 (2.07%) Sarbanes-Oxley
8 46 (1.59%) HIPAA
9 38 (1.31%) PCI DSS
10 23 (0.79%) NCSC
10 23 (0.79%) SOC 2
11 12 (0.41%) COBIT
12 8 (0.28%) Basel III
12 8 (0.28%) Cyber Essentials
12 8 (0.28%) IFRS
12 8 (0.28%) IFRS 9
12 8 (0.28%) SLA
13 7 (0.24%) Basel II
13 7 (0.24%) Dodd-Frank
14 6 (0.21%) California Consumer Privacy Act
System Software
1 947 (32.67%) Docker
2 51 (1.76%) Active Directory
3 42 (1.45%) VMware Infrastructure
4 41 (1.41%) Virtual Machines
5 14 (0.48%) Firmware
5 14 (0.48%) Hyper-V
6 11 (0.38%) Virtual Desktop
7 10 (0.34%) vSphere
8 9 (0.31%) Embedded Firmware
8 9 (0.31%) VMware ESXi
9 6 (0.21%) HDFS
10 5 (0.17%) Apache Flume
11 3 (0.10%) Dovecot
11 3 (0.10%) Postfix
11 3 (0.10%) RACF
11 3 (0.10%) Veritas Cluster Server
12 2 (0.069%) KVM
12 2 (0.069%) NFS
12 2 (0.069%) SRDF
12 2 (0.069%) Xen
Systems Management
1 1,055 (36.39%) Kubernetes
2 892 (30.77%) Terraform
3 419 (14.45%) Ansible
4 119 (4.10%) Grafana
5 113 (3.90%) Prometheus
6 69 (2.38%) Progress Chef
7 66 (2.28%) Puppet
8 34 (1.17%) Argo
9 32 (1.10%) Microsoft Intune
10 31 (1.07%) Kibana
11 29 (1.00%) Istio
12 20 (0.69%) Podman
13 17 (0.59%) Packer
13 17 (0.59%) SCCM
14 16 (0.55%) CASB
15 14 (0.48%) Kustomize
16 11 (0.38%) AWS Copilot
16 11 (0.38%) Nagios
17 7 (0.24%) Red Hat Satellite
18 6 (0.21%) linkerd
Vendors
1 438 (15.11%) Microsoft
2 192 (6.62%) Google
3 173 (5.97%) Databricks
4 115 (3.97%) Oracle
5 71 (2.45%) Salesforce
6 70 (2.41%) VMware
7 62 (2.14%) Atlassian
7 62 (2.14%) ServiceNow
8 59 (2.04%) Red Hat
9 54 (1.86%) Splunk
10 43 (1.48%) IBM
11 37 (1.28%) SAP
12 31 (1.07%) MuleSoft
13 29 (1.00%) Dynatrace
14 27 (0.93%) Informatica
15 22 (0.76%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
16 21 (0.72%) Adobe
16 21 (0.72%) New Relic
17 18 (0.62%) Palo Alto
18 16 (0.55%) OpenAI