Job Vacancy Trend Daily Rate Trend Daily Rate Histogram Hourly Rate Trend Hourly Rate Histogram Job Locations Skill Sets
Period
to 29 July 2021

The following table provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for Test Automation skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited Test Automation over the 6 months to 29 July 2021 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

Note that daily and hourly rates are treated separately in these statistics. When calculating contractor rate percentiles, daily rates are never derived from quoted hourly rates or vice versa.

Automated Testing
UK > England
6 months to
29 Jul 2021		 Same period 2020 Same period 2019
Rank 45 34 35
Rank change year-on-year -11 +1 -2
Contract jobs citing Test Automation 2,907 1,899 4,822
As % of all contract jobs advertised in England 5.09% 5.82% 5.77%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 5.72% 6.68% 6.56%
Number of daily rates quoted 1,998 1,317 3,256
10th Percentile £350 £330 £331
25th Percentile £413 £408 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £500 £500 £475
Median % change year-on-year - +5.26% +5.56%
75th Percentile £600 £575 £550
90th Percentile £688 £650 £625
UK median daily rate £495 £498 £475
% change year-on-year -0.62% +4.86% +5.56%
Number of hourly rates quoted 41 17 29
10th Percentile £26.00 £27.16 £26.20
25th Percentile £38.75 £31.50 £37.50
Median hourly rate £45.50 £42.50 £43.50
Median % change year-on-year +7.06% -2.30% +2.35%
75th Percentile £53.75 £50.00 £46.50
90th Percentile £62.25 £60.00 £47.50
UK median hourly rate £45.50 £42.50 £42.50
% change year-on-year +7.06% - +3.66%

Test Automation is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

All Process and Methodology Skills
England
Contract vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 50,862 28,413 73,500
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 88.98% 87.02% 88.01%
Number of daily rates quoted 35,270 19,308 49,683
10th Percentile £313 £304 £300
25th Percentile £409 £400 £388
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £500 £488 £475
Median % change year-on-year +2.56% +2.63% +2.70%
75th Percentile £600 £588 £575
90th Percentile £700 £675 £650
UK median daily rate £500 £475 £475
% change year-on-year +5.26% - +5.56%
Number of hourly rates quoted 1,473 778 1,914
10th Percentile £12.00 £12.37 £11.75
25th Percentile £14.50 £15.95 £14.50
Median hourly rate £23.00 £24.80 £22.97
Median % change year-on-year -7.26% +7.99% +12.02%
75th Percentile £46.75 £46.40 £46.00
90th Percentile £60.00 £55.00 £52.50
UK median hourly rate £23.45 £24.50 £22.50
% change year-on-year -4.29% +8.89% +12.50%

Test Automation
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Job postings citing Test Automation as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised in England.

Job vacancy trend for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Contractor Daily Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing Test Automation in England.

Daily rate trend for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing Test Automation in England over the 6 months to 29 July 2021.

Daily rate histogram for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing Test Automation in England.

Hourly rate trend for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing Test Automation in England over the 6 months to 29 July 2021.

Hourly rate histogram for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing Test Automation within the England region over the 6 months to 29 July 2021. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads		 Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months		 Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Live
Job
Vacancies
London -10 1,595 £540 +2.86% 446
South East +3 335 £451 +0.11% 223
North of England -9 301 £450 - 244
South West +13 218 £450 -10.00% 114
Midlands -21 149 £400 -5.04% 128
North West -9 143 £425 -5.56% 135
Yorkshire -9 125 £475 +11.76% 85
West Midlands -14 113 £405 -10.00% 81
East of England -3 93 £378 -16.00% 77
North East -6 32 £419 -11.61% 24
East Midlands -28 30 £393 +24.60% 46
Test Automation
UK

For the 6 months to 29 July 2021, IT contractor jobs citing Test Automation also mentioned the following skills in order of popularity. The figures indicate the absolute number co-occurrences and as a proportion of all contract job ads across the England region with a requirement for Test Automation.

1 1,551 (53.35%) Agile Software Development
2 969 (33.33%) Java
3 860 (29.58%) DevOps
4 703 (24.18%) Python
4 703 (24.18%) Azure
5 653 (22.46%) SQL
6 647 (22.26%) Social Skills
7 638 (21.95%) JavaScript
8 612 (21.05%) TDD
9 587 (20.19%) Git (software)
10 582 (20.02%) Finance
11 571 (19.64%) Jenkins
12 549 (18.89%) Selenium
13 541 (18.61%) Scrum
14 532 (18.30%) Continuous Integration
15 510 (17.54%) JIRA
16 482 (16.58%) QA
17 478 (16.44%) BDD
18 474 (16.31%) AWS
19 446 (15.34%) Microservices
20 439 (15.10%) C#
21 422 (14.52%) Software Testing
22 404 (13.90%) Cucumber
23 394 (13.55%) Software Engineering
24 348 (11.97%) Linux
24 348 (11.97%) REST
25 337 (11.59%) .NET
26 335 (11.52%) React
26 335 (11.52%) Problem-Solving
27 330 (11.35%) Docker

Test Automation
Co-occurring IT Skills in England by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same job type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 232 (7.98%) Confluence
2 73 (2.51%) Apache
3 62 (2.13%) Apache Spark
4 46 (1.58%) Elasticsearch
5 33 (1.14%) Tomcat
6 31 (1.07%) CMS
7 28 (0.96%) SharePoint
7 28 (0.96%) WebSphere
8 24 (0.83%) WebLogic
9 21 (0.72%) Mule
10 16 (0.55%) IIS
11 14 (0.48%) Oracle Coherence
11 14 (0.48%) Oracle SOA Suite
11 14 (0.48%) SAS
12 13 (0.45%) Apache Airflow
12 13 (0.45%) IBM Domino
13 12 (0.41%) Cloud Foundry
14 11 (0.38%) nginx
15 10 (0.34%) OpenStack
16 9 (0.31%) GemFire
Applications
1 32 (1.10%) Microsoft Excel
2 10 (0.34%) MS Visio
3 9 (0.31%) Chatbot
4 8 (0.28%) Microsoft Office
5 6 (0.21%) Microsoft PowerPoint
6 4 (0.14%) Figma
7 3 (0.10%) Photoshop
8 2 (0.069%) GIMP
8 2 (0.069%) Mingle
9 1 (0.034%) Microsoft Project
9 1 (0.034%) Simulink
9 1 (0.034%) Spreadsheet
9 1 (0.034%) Stateflow
Business Applications
1 33 (1.14%) SunGard Martini
2 19 (0.65%) Magento
3 13 (0.45%) SAP HCM
3 13 (0.45%) SAP S/4HANA
4 10 (0.34%) Dynamics CRM
5 9 (0.31%) SAP FI-CA
5 9 (0.31%) SAP PSCD
6 7 (0.24%) Oracle EBS
7 4 (0.14%) ION MarketView
7 4 (0.14%) Salesforce.com CRM
8 3 (0.10%) Dynamics AX
8 3 (0.10%) Oracle BRM
8 3 (0.10%) Remedy ITSM
8 3 (0.10%) Summit
9 2 (0.069%) Sage CRM
10 1 (0.034%) Markit EDM
10 1 (0.034%) Oracle BPM
10 1 (0.034%) Oracle General Ledger
10 1 (0.034%) Oracle Payables
10 1 (0.034%) Oracle Receivables
Cloud Services
1 703 (24.18%) Azure
2 474 (16.31%) AWS
3 194 (6.67%) GitHub
4 164 (5.64%) GCP
5 143 (4.92%) Serverless
6 86 (2.96%) PaaS
7 80 (2.75%) SaaS
8 71 (2.44%) AWS Lambda
9 66 (2.27%) Power Platform
10 61 (2.10%) IaaS
11 51 (1.75%) BrowserStack
12 44 (1.51%) OpenShift
13 41 (1.41%) Azure Functions
14 36 (1.24%) Amazon S3
15 35 (1.20%) Azure Data Factory
16 32 (1.10%) AWS CloudFormation
17 31 (1.07%) Dynamics 365
18 26 (0.89%) Slack
19 24 (0.83%) Tricentis Tosca
20 22 (0.76%) npm
Communications & Networking
1 95 (3.27%) HTTP
2 39 (1.34%) TCP/IP
3 36 (1.24%) Wi-Fi
4 28 (0.96%) DNS
5 25 (0.86%) Bluetooth
5 25 (0.86%) Firewall
6 21 (0.72%) Internet
6 21 (0.72%) SSL
6 21 (0.72%) Wireless
7 17 (0.58%) IPv6
7 17 (0.58%) Kerberos
8 15 (0.52%) DHCP
9 13 (0.45%) ATM
10 12 (0.41%) IPv4
10 12 (0.41%) Wireshark
11 11 (0.38%) VPN
12 9 (0.31%) Multicast
12 9 (0.31%) VLAN
13 8 (0.28%) 802.11
13 8 (0.28%) RTMP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 194 (6.67%) SQL Server
2 166 (5.71%) Relational Database
3 140 (4.82%) NoSQL
4 94 (3.23%) PostgreSQL
5 92 (3.16%) MongoDB
6 88 (3.03%) MySQL
7 87 (2.99%) Data Warehouse
8 86 (2.96%) Oracle Database
9 52 (1.79%) Power BI
10 50 (1.72%) Amazon DynamoDB
11 48 (1.65%) Big Data
12 45 (1.55%) Hadoop
13 43 (1.48%) Data Lake
13 43 (1.48%) Oracle Database 12c
14 39 (1.34%) Azure SQL Database
15 37 (1.27%) Tableau
16 35 (1.20%) Apache Cassandra
17 34 (1.17%) DB2
18 24 (0.83%) RDBMS
19 22 (0.76%) Apache Hive
Development Applications
1 587 (20.19%) Git (software)
2 571 (19.64%) Jenkins
3 549 (18.89%) Selenium
4 510 (17.54%) JIRA
5 404 (13.90%) Cucumber
6 180 (6.19%) Postman
7 174 (5.99%) Maven
8 143 (4.92%) JUnit
9 142 (4.88%) JMeter
10 118 (4.06%) SpecFlow
11 109 (3.75%) Bitbucket
12 107 (3.68%) Cypress.io
13 105 (3.61%) GitLab
14 101 (3.47%) SoapUI
14 101 (3.47%) TeamCity
15 100 (3.44%) WebDriver
16 91 (3.13%) Subversion
17 83 (2.86%) REST Assured
18 80 (2.75%) Visual Studio
19 76 (2.61%) Sonatype Nexus
General
1 647 (22.26%) Social Skills
2 582 (20.02%) Finance
3 303 (10.42%) Banking
4 204 (7.02%) Analytical Skills
5 183 (6.30%) Public Sector
6 87 (2.99%) Telecoms
7 86 (2.96%) Front Office
8 83 (2.86%) Investment Banking
9 76 (2.61%) Marketing
10 65 (2.24%) Retail
11 63 (2.17%) Presentation Skills
12 53 (1.82%) Manufacturing
13 42 (1.44%) Electronics
14 41 (1.41%) Documentation Skills
15 39 (1.34%) Influencing Skills
16 38 (1.31%) Back Office
17 34 (1.17%) Games
18 23 (0.79%) Legal
19 20 (0.69%) Retail Banking
20 19 (0.65%) Automotive
Job Titles
1 1,065 (36.64%) Developer
2 335 (11.52%) Tester
3 284 (9.77%) Test Engineer
4 237 (8.15%) Java Developer
5 215 (7.40%) Analyst
6 207 (7.12%) Automation Tester
7 190 (6.54%) Senior Developer
8 159 (5.47%) DevOps Engineer
9 158 (5.44%) Test Analyst
10 153 (5.26%) Test Automation Engineer
11 115 (3.96%) Full Stack Developer
12 114 (3.92%) Software Engineer
13 95 (3.27%) Python Developer
14 90 (3.10%) Test Leader
15 87 (2.99%) Architect
16 79 (2.72%) Developer in Test
17 78 (2.68%) Front End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
18 75 (2.58%) Software Developer
19 73 (2.51%) .NET Developer
20 72 (2.48%) Test Manager
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 348 (11.97%) REST
2 337 (11.59%) .NET
3 335 (11.52%) React
4 287 (9.87%) Node.js
5 273 (9.39%) HTML
5 273 (9.39%) Spring
6 242 (8.32%) RESTful
7 241 (8.29%) CSS
8 215 (7.40%) AngularJS
9 193 (6.64%) Web Services
10 182 (6.26%) JSON
11 171 (5.88%) Spring Boot
12 169 (5.81%) XML
13 155 (5.33%) Kafka
14 132 (4.54%) Gherkin
15 126 (4.33%) HTML5
16 124 (4.27%) Redux
17 111 (3.82%) GraphQL
18 108 (3.72%) SOAP
19 96 (3.30%) .NET Framework
Miscellaneous
1 152 (5.23%) User Experience
2 133 (4.58%) Mobile App
3 96 (3.30%) Self-Motivation
4 95 (3.27%) Algorithms
5 81 (2.79%) Fixed Income
6 71 (2.44%) Cloud Native
7 63 (2.17%) Data Structures
8 59 (2.03%) Greenfield Project
9 47 (1.62%) Data Protection Act
10 43 (1.48%) Management Information System
11 34 (1.17%) Derivative
11 34 (1.17%) Enterprise Software
12 29 (1.00%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
13 28 (0.96%) Client/Server
14 25 (0.86%) Linux Command Line
15 24 (0.83%) Public Cloud
15 24 (0.83%) Virtual Team
16 23 (0.79%) Legacy Systems
17 21 (0.72%) Equities
18 18 (0.62%) Market Risk
Operating Systems
1 348 (11.97%) Linux
2 217 (7.46%) Windows
3 202 (6.95%) Unix
4 115 (3.96%) Android
5 86 (2.96%) Apple iOS
6 31 (1.07%) Mac OS X
7 27 (0.93%) Windows Server
8 18 (0.62%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 10 (0.34%) OpenWrt
10 8 (0.28%) Ubuntu
10 8 (0.28%) Windows 10
11 7 (0.24%) CentOS
12 5 (0.17%) Embedded Linux
12 5 (0.17%) VMS
13 4 (0.14%) Mac OS
14 3 (0.10%) zOS
15 2 (0.069%) Alpine Linux
15 2 (0.069%) Debian
16 1 (0.034%) DC/OS
16 1 (0.034%) Windows Server 2019
Processes & Methodologies
1 1,551 (53.35%) Agile Software Development
2 860 (29.58%) DevOps
3 612 (21.05%) TDD
4 541 (18.61%) Scrum
5 532 (18.30%) Continuous Integration
6 478 (16.44%) BDD
7 446 (15.34%) Microservices
8 422 (14.52%) Software Testing
9 394 (13.55%) Software Engineering
10 335 (11.52%) Problem-Solving
11 238 (8.19%) SDLC
12 235 (8.08%) Full Stack Development
13 231 (7.95%) Test Scripting
14 229 (7.88%) Test Strategy
15 219 (7.53%) Continuous Delivery
16 211 (7.26%) Unit Testing
17 206 (7.09%) Regression Testing
18 200 (6.88%) Continuous Improvement
19 193 (6.64%) Mentoring
20 186 (6.40%) Open Source
Programming Languages
1 969 (33.33%) Java
2 703 (24.18%) Python
3 653 (22.46%) SQL
4 638 (21.95%) JavaScript
5 439 (15.10%) C#
6 170 (5.85%) TypeScript
7 153 (5.26%) PowerShell
8 134 (4.61%) C++
9 131 (4.51%) Bash Shell
10 127 (4.37%) Scala
11 109 (3.75%) Java 8
12 102 (3.51%) Shell Script
13 94 (3.23%) Ruby
14 92 (3.16%) Kotlin
15 77 (2.65%) C
16 72 (2.48%) ES6
17 62 (2.13%) PL/SQL
18 54 (1.86%) Go
19 50 (1.72%) Groovy
20 45 (1.55%) PHP
Qualifications
1 293 (10.08%) Security Cleared
2 207 (7.12%) SC Cleared
3 172 (5.92%) Degree
4 137 (4.71%) ISTQB
5 77 (2.65%) ISEB
6 70 (2.41%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
7 67 (2.30%) DV Cleared
8 42 (1.44%) Computer Science Degree
9 32 (1.10%) BPSS Clearance
10 21 (0.72%) Numerate Degree
11 16 (0.55%) Master's Degree
12 15 (0.52%) PhD
13 9 (0.31%) AWS Certification
14 8 (0.28%) CREST Certified
14 8 (0.28%) SANS
15 6 (0.21%) CISSP
16 5 (0.17%) CHECK Team Leader
16 5 (0.17%) Cisco Certification
16 5 (0.17%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
17 4 (0.14%) OCPJP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 482 (16.58%) QA
2 127 (4.37%) Accessibility
3 17 (0.58%) GRC
4 16 (0.55%) WCAG
5 14 (0.48%) Data Quality
6 13 (0.45%) NIST
7 12 (0.41%) GDPR
8 8 (0.28%) ISO/IEC 27001
9 7 (0.24%) PCI DSS
10 6 (0.21%) ISO 20022
11 5 (0.17%) JTAG
11 5 (0.17%) Sarbanes-Oxley
11 5 (0.17%) SEPA
11 5 (0.17%) SLA
12 4 (0.14%) Disclosure Scotland
12 4 (0.14%) ISO 9000
13 3 (0.10%) HL7
13 3 (0.10%) MiFID
13 3 (0.10%) SOC 2
13 3 (0.10%) TARGET2
System Software
1 330 (11.35%) Docker
2 54 (1.86%) Active Directory
3 20 (0.69%) HDFS
4 17 (0.58%) Firmware
5 16 (0.55%) Apache ZooKeeper
5 16 (0.55%) VMware Infrastructure
6 10 (0.34%) Virtual Machines
7 7 (0.24%) GridGain
7 7 (0.24%) Oracle RAC
8 5 (0.17%) VirtualBox
8 5 (0.17%) Xen
9 4 (0.14%) Apache Flume
9 4 (0.14%) iptables
9 4 (0.14%) KVM
9 4 (0.14%) Oracle Clusterware
9 4 (0.14%) Virtual Desktop
10 3 (0.10%) Hyper-V
11 2 (0.069%) RACF
11 2 (0.069%) VMware Workstation
11 2 (0.069%) vSphere
Systems Management
1 315 (10.84%) Kubernetes
2 202 (6.95%) Ansible
3 173 (5.95%) Terraform
4 75 (2.58%) Puppet
5 36 (1.24%) Opscode Chef
6 33 (1.14%) HP Quality Center
7 31 (1.07%) Grafana
8 25 (0.86%) HP ALM
9 23 (0.79%) Kibana
9 23 (0.79%) Prometheus
10 18 (0.62%) BladeLogic
11 16 (0.55%) Packer
12 14 (0.48%) Istio
13 13 (0.45%) Rancher
14 12 (0.41%) HP Fortify
14 12 (0.41%) Nagios
15 10 (0.34%) logstash
16 9 (0.31%) Control-M
17 7 (0.24%) Oozie
17 7 (0.24%) Oracle RMAN
Vendors
1 298 (10.25%) Oracle
2 234 (8.05%) Microsoft
3 105 (3.61%) SAP
4 89 (3.06%) Google
5 61 (2.10%) Splunk
6 53 (1.82%) IBM
7 51 (1.75%) HP
8 46 (1.58%) Databricks
8 46 (1.58%) MuleSoft
9 33 (1.14%) Atlassian
9 33 (1.14%) FIS
9 33 (1.14%) SunGard
10 29 (1.00%) Salesforce.com
11 26 (0.89%) VMware
12 22 (0.76%) Xamarin
13 21 (0.72%) Red Hat
14 20 (0.69%) Pega
15 19 (0.65%) AppDynamics
15 19 (0.65%) ION Trading
16 17 (0.58%) Informatica