Job Vacancy Trend Daily Rate Trend Daily Rate Histogram Hourly Rate Trend Hourly Rate Histogram Job Locations Skill Sets
Period
to 15 January 2021

The following table provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for Test Automation skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited Test Automation over the 6 months to 15 January 2021 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

Note that daily and hourly rates are treated separately in these statistics. When calculating contractor rate percentiles, daily rates are never derived from quoted hourly rates or vice versa.

Automated Testing
UK > England
6 months to
15 Jan 2021		 Same period 2020 Same period 2019
Rank 39 37 23
Rank change year-on-year -2 -14 +13
Contract jobs citing Test Automation 1,732 3,546 6,458
As % of all contract jobs advertised in England 5.13% 5.31% 7.09%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 5.93% 6.19% 8.10%
Number of daily rates quoted 1,481 2,484 4,458
Median daily rate £465 £475 £475
Median daily rate % change year-on-year -2.11% - +5.56%
10th Percentile £325 £325 £325
90th Percentile £638 £625 £601
UK median daily rate £475 £463 £475
% change year-on-year +2.70% -2.63% +5.56%
Number of hourly rates quoted 28 41 44
Median hourly rate £46.25 £40.00 £45.00
Median hourly rate % change year-on-year +15.63% -11.11% +7.78%
10th Percentile £25.88 £21.25 £20.65
90th Percentile £60.65 £71.25 £53.24
UK median hourly rate £41.00 £44.50 £42.50
% change year-on-year -7.87% +4.71% +4.94%

Test Automation is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

All Process and Methodology Skills
England
Contract vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 29,210 57,300 79,723
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 86.55% 85.83% 87.52%
Number of daily rates quoted 19,900 38,762 54,149
Median daily rate £475 £475 £475
10th Percentile £300 £288 £300
90th Percentile £663 £650 £650
UK median daily rate £475 £475 £473
% change year-on-year - +0.53% +5.00%
Number of hourly rates quoted 970 1,693 1,880
Median hourly rate £26.96 £21.00 £21.54
Median hourly rate % change year-on-year +28.38% -2.52% -2.08%
10th Percentile £11.99 £11.80 £11.25
90th Percentile £58.75 £52.50 £50.00
Median hourly rate £27.50 £21.00 £21.76
% change year-on-year +30.95% -3.49% +0.28%

Test Automation
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Job postings citing Test Automation as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised in England.

Job vacancy trend for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Contractor Daily Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing Test Automation in England.

Daily rate trend for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing Test Automation in England over the 6 months to 15 January 2021.

Daily rate histogram for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing Test Automation in England.

Hourly rate trend for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing Test Automation in England over the 6 months to 15 January 2021.

Hourly rate histogram for Test Automation in England

Test Automation
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing Test Automation within the England region over the 6 months to 15 January 2021. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads		 Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months		 Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Live
Job
Vacancies
London +1 974 £500 -0.50% 312
North of England +9 250 £450 +4.65% 133
South East -13 186 £450 -2.70% 95
Yorkshire +8 129 £450 -5.26% 55
Midlands +7 118 £382 -7.39% 57
North West +36 90 £450 +3.51% 61
South West -10 85 £420 -1.18% 44
East of England +4 76 £425 -5.56% 58
West Midlands +16 73 £375 -14.29% 30
East Midlands 0 36 £468 +13.33% 27
North East -12 31 £450 +5.88% 17
Test Automation
UK

For the 6 months to 15 January 2021, IT contractor jobs citing Test Automation also mentioned the following skills in order of popularity. The figures indicate the absolute number co-occurrences and as a proportion of all contract job ads across the England region with a requirement for Test Automation.

1 1,008 (58.20%) Agile Software Development
2 708 (40.88%) Java
3 514 (29.68%) DevOps
4 412 (23.79%) Jenkins
5 410 (23.67%) TDD
6 405 (23.38%) Python
7 389 (22.46%) Selenium
8 387 (22.34%) Git (software)
9 376 (21.71%) JavaScript
10 375 (21.65%) Scrum
11 368 (21.25%) Azure
12 365 (21.07%) SQL
13 357 (20.61%) AWS
14 343 (19.80%) JIRA
14 343 (19.80%) BDD
15 331 (19.11%) Continuous Integration
16 288 (16.63%) Docker
17 286 (16.51%) QA
18 280 (16.17%) Security Cleared
19 277 (15.99%) Microservices
20 275 (15.88%) Finance
21 254 (14.67%) Cucumber
22 243 (14.03%) REST
22 243 (14.03%) Linux
23 238 (13.74%) Kubernetes
24 226 (13.05%) C#
25 225 (12.99%) Node.js
26 224 (12.93%) SC Cleared
27 220 (12.70%) .NET
28 218 (12.59%) React

Test Automation
Co-occurring IT Skills in England by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same job type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 180 (10.39%) Confluence
2 47 (2.71%) Elasticsearch
3 46 (2.66%) Mule
4 41 (2.37%) Cloud Foundry
5 40 (2.31%) Apache
6 30 (1.73%) Apache Spark
7 29 (1.67%) WebLogic
8 19 (1.10%) Apache Airflow
9 17 (0.98%) SharePoint
10 14 (0.81%) CMS
11 12 (0.69%) JBoss
11 12 (0.69%) Tomcat
12 11 (0.64%) WebSphere
13 9 (0.52%) Red Hat Fuse
14 8 (0.46%) Adobe Experience Manager
14 8 (0.46%) Anypoint
14 8 (0.46%) Oracle SOA Suite
15 7 (0.40%) IBM Domino
16 5 (0.29%) nginx
16 5 (0.29%) NServiceBus
Applications
1 24 (1.39%) Microsoft Excel
2 11 (0.64%) Microsoft Office
3 4 (0.23%) MS Visio
4 3 (0.17%) Microsoft Project
5 2 (0.12%) Chatbot
5 2 (0.12%) Microsoft PowerPoint
6 1 (0.058%) Spreadsheet
6 1 (0.058%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 13 (0.75%) SAP FI-CA
2 11 (0.64%) BASE24
2 11 (0.64%) SunGard Martini
3 10 (0.58%) SAP PSCD
4 9 (0.52%) Dynamics CRM
4 9 (0.52%) ION MarketView
5 7 (0.40%) SAP S/4HANA
6 5 (0.29%) Magento
6 5 (0.29%) Salesforce.com CRM
6 5 (0.29%) SAP Hybris
7 3 (0.17%) Dynamics NAV
7 3 (0.17%) Endur
7 3 (0.17%) Oracle Applications
7 3 (0.17%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
8 2 (0.12%) Dynamics AX
8 2 (0.12%) Loan IQ
8 2 (0.12%) Payment Gateway
8 2 (0.12%) SAP ERP
8 2 (0.12%) SAP HCM
9 1 (0.058%) Oracle BPM
Cloud Services
1 368 (21.25%) Azure
2 357 (20.61%) AWS
3 192 (11.09%) GitHub
4 105 (6.06%) Serverless
5 91 (5.25%) PaaS
6 87 (5.02%) Slack
7 63 (3.64%) AWS Lambda
8 54 (3.12%) Azure Functions
9 53 (3.06%) GCP
10 42 (2.42%) IaaS
11 30 (1.73%) Logic Apps
12 28 (1.62%) SaaS
13 27 (1.56%) Cloud Computing
13 27 (1.56%) Power Platform
14 25 (1.44%) BrowserStack
15 18 (1.04%) Amazon CloudWatch
15 18 (1.04%) Apigee
16 16 (0.92%) Amazon ECS
16 16 (0.92%) Virtual Private Cloud
17 15 (0.87%) Amazon EKS
Communications & Networking
1 49 (2.83%) HTTP
2 30 (1.73%) Firewall
3 24 (1.39%) SSL
3 24 (1.39%) TCP/IP
4 20 (1.15%) Wi-Fi
5 18 (1.04%) IPv6
6 17 (0.98%) Wireless
7 14 (0.81%) ATM
7 14 (0.81%) DSL
7 14 (0.81%) HTTPS
8 13 (0.75%) Internet
8 13 (0.75%) Kerberos
9 12 (0.69%) IPv4
10 10 (0.58%) UPnP
11 9 (0.52%) DNS
11 9 (0.52%) Wireshark
12 8 (0.46%) 5G
13 7 (0.40%) 4G
13 7 (0.40%) SSH
14 6 (0.35%) 802.11
Database & Business Intelligence
1 111 (6.41%) SQL Server
2 87 (5.02%) Relational Database
3 73 (4.21%) MongoDB
4 68 (3.93%) MySQL
5 64 (3.70%) NoSQL
6 63 (3.64%) Oracle Database
7 55 (3.18%) Big Data
8 49 (2.83%) Data Warehouse
9 46 (2.66%) PostgreSQL
10 36 (2.08%) Hadoop
11 35 (2.02%) Azure SQL Database
12 34 (1.96%) RDBMS
13 26 (1.50%) Amazon RDS
13 26 (1.50%) Data Lake
14 24 (1.39%) Cosmos DB
15 22 (1.27%) Apache Hive
16 21 (1.21%) Amazon DynamoDB
16 21 (1.21%) Oracle Database 12c
17 19 (1.10%) OLTP
17 19 (1.10%) Oracle Database 11g
Development Applications
1 412 (23.79%) Jenkins
2 389 (22.46%) Selenium
3 387 (22.34%) Git (software)
4 343 (19.80%) JIRA
5 254 (14.67%) Cucumber
6 155 (8.95%) Maven
7 119 (6.87%) JMeter
8 103 (5.95%) JUnit
9 92 (5.31%) Sonatype Nexus
10 91 (5.25%) GitLab
10 91 (5.25%) SoapUI
11 86 (4.97%) Postman
12 70 (4.04%) Cypress.io
13 65 (3.75%) WebDriver
14 61 (3.52%) Subversion
15 59 (3.41%) Xcode
16 58 (3.35%) SpecFlow
17 53 (3.06%) REST Assured
18 51 (2.94%) Mockito
19 49 (2.83%) Android Studio
General
1 275 (15.88%) Finance
2 193 (11.14%) Banking
3 164 (9.47%) Public Sector
4 59 (3.41%) Investment Banking
5 54 (3.12%) Front Office
6 37 (2.14%) Marketing
7 24 (1.39%) Telecoms
8 19 (1.10%) Automotive
8 19 (1.10%) Retail Banking
9 16 (0.92%) Financial Institution
10 13 (0.75%) Retail
11 12 (0.69%) Games
12 10 (0.58%) Back Office
12 10 (0.58%) Law
13 8 (0.46%) Manufacturing
13 8 (0.46%) Police
14 7 (0.40%) Electronics
14 7 (0.40%) Legal
14 7 (0.40%) Pharmaceutical
15 6 (0.35%) Advertising
Job Titles
1 589 (34.01%) Developer
2 211 (12.18%) Tester
3 143 (8.26%) Test Engineer
4 134 (7.74%) Java Developer
5 118 (6.81%) DevOps Engineer
6 116 (6.70%) Analyst
7 112 (6.47%) Automation Tester
8 98 (5.66%) Test Analyst
9 87 (5.02%) Test Automation Engineer
10 85 (4.91%) Senior Developer
11 81 (4.68%) QA Engineer
12 77 (4.45%) Full Stack Developer
13 71 (4.10%) Architect
14 60 (3.46%) Software Engineer
15 52 (3.00%) Automation Engineer
16 48 (2.77%) .NET Developer
16 48 (2.77%) Front End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
17 46 (2.66%) Azure Engineer
18 45 (2.60%) QA Automation Engineer
18 45 (2.60%) React Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 243 (14.03%) REST
2 225 (12.99%) Node.js
3 220 (12.70%) .NET
4 218 (12.59%) React
5 155 (8.95%) CSS
5 155 (8.95%) Spring
6 151 (8.72%) HTML
6 151 (8.72%) JSON
7 146 (8.43%) Spring Boot
8 135 (7.79%) XML
9 130 (7.51%) Web Services
10 128 (7.39%) RESTful
11 111 (6.41%) SOAP
12 93 (5.37%) AngularJS
13 88 (5.08%) Redux
14 82 (4.73%) Kafka
15 75 (4.33%) HTML5
16 68 (3.93%) Gherkin
17 63 (3.64%) .NET Framework
18 53 (3.06%) WireMock
Miscellaneous
1 150 (8.66%) User Experience
2 131 (7.56%) Mobile App
3 123 (7.10%) Analytical Skills
4 40 (2.31%) Greenfield Project
5 35 (2.02%) Cloud Native
6 33 (1.91%) Data Structures
7 30 (1.73%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
7 30 (1.73%) Public Cloud
8 29 (1.67%) Derivative
9 28 (1.62%) Enterprise Software
10 27 (1.56%) Self-Motivation
11 26 (1.50%) Fixed Income
12 24 (1.39%) N-Tier
13 23 (1.33%) Virtual Team
14 19 (1.10%) Algorithms
14 19 (1.10%) NHS
15 18 (1.04%) DataPower
16 17 (0.98%) Equities
17 16 (0.92%) Enterprise Cloud
17 16 (0.92%) Management Information System
Operating Systems
1 243 (14.03%) Linux
2 131 (7.56%) Unix
3 126 (7.27%) Windows
4 124 (7.16%) Apple iOS
5 122 (7.04%) Android
6 43 (2.48%) Mac OS X
7 21 (1.21%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
8 9 (0.52%) Ubuntu
9 7 (0.40%) Mac OS
9 7 (0.40%) OpenWrt
9 7 (0.40%) Windows Server
10 5 (0.29%) CentOS
11 4 (0.23%) Windows 10
12 3 (0.17%) Debian
13 2 (0.12%) Android TV
13 2 (0.12%) zOS
14 1 (0.058%) AIX
14 1 (0.058%) Embedded Linux
14 1 (0.058%) Solaris
14 1 (0.058%) SUSE
Processes & Methodologies
1 1,008 (58.20%) Agile Software Development
2 514 (29.68%) DevOps
3 410 (23.67%) TDD
4 375 (21.65%) Scrum
5 343 (19.80%) BDD
6 331 (19.11%) Continuous Integration
7 277 (15.99%) Microservices
8 200 (11.55%) Kanban
9 173 (9.99%) Software Engineering
10 164 (9.47%) Test Scripting
11 158 (9.12%) Continuous Delivery
12 156 (9.01%) Problem-Solving
13 150 (8.66%) Open Source
14 146 (8.43%) SDLC
14 146 (8.43%) Test Strategy
15 135 (7.79%) Unit Testing
16 128 (7.39%) Regression Testing
17 124 (7.16%) Performance Testing
18 122 (7.04%) Deployment Automation
19 103 (5.95%) Continuous Deployment
Programming Languages
1 708 (40.88%) Java
2 405 (23.38%) Python
3 376 (21.71%) JavaScript
4 365 (21.07%) SQL
5 226 (13.05%) C#
6 119 (6.87%) Java 8
7 108 (6.24%) Kotlin
8 100 (5.77%) Ruby
9 77 (4.45%) Scala
10 76 (4.39%) PowerShell
11 74 (4.27%) Shell Script
12 69 (3.98%) Apple Swift
13 66 (3.81%) Bash Shell
14 65 (3.75%) TypeScript
15 55 (3.18%) Go
16 50 (2.89%) PL/SQL
17 44 (2.54%) C++
18 40 (2.31%) Perl
19 30 (1.73%) C
20 28 (1.62%) Groovy
Qualifications
1 280 (16.17%) Security Cleared
2 224 (12.93%) SC Cleared
3 105 (6.06%) ISTQB
4 73 (4.21%) ISEB
5 69 (3.98%) Degree
6 57 (3.29%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
7 30 (1.73%) DV Cleared
8 23 (1.33%) BPSS Clearance
9 19 (1.10%) Computer Science Degree
10 11 (0.64%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
11 9 (0.52%) DBS Check
12 6 (0.35%) PhD
13 4 (0.23%) ISEB Practitioner
13 4 (0.23%) Master's Degree
14 3 (0.17%) HNC
15 2 (0.12%) CCNA
15 2 (0.12%) Cisco Certification
15 2 (0.12%) HND
15 2 (0.12%) JNCIA
15 2 (0.12%) Microsoft Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 286 (16.51%) QA
2 24 (1.39%) WCAG
3 20 (1.15%) NIST
4 10 (0.58%) Data Quality
5 6 (0.35%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 5 (0.29%) GDPR
6 5 (0.29%) ISO 8583
6 5 (0.29%) ISO/IEC 12207
6 5 (0.29%) JTAG
7 4 (0.23%) NCSC
7 4 (0.23%) SLA
8 3 (0.17%) ISO 9001
8 3 (0.17%) PCI DSS
9 2 (0.12%) Cyber Essentials
9 2 (0.12%) Disclosure Scotland
9 2 (0.12%) Dodd-Frank
9 2 (0.12%) Government Security Classifications
9 2 (0.12%) HL7
9 2 (0.12%) MiFID
9 2 (0.12%) Sarbanes-Oxley
System Software
1 288 (16.63%) Docker
2 23 (1.33%) Active Directory
3 18 (1.04%) HDFS
4 16 (0.92%) Hyper-V
5 9 (0.52%) Virtual Machines
6 8 (0.46%) Apache ZooKeeper
6 8 (0.46%) Oracle Clusterware
6 8 (0.46%) Oracle RAC
7 7 (0.40%) VMware Infrastructure
8 6 (0.35%) Firmware
9 4 (0.23%) NDS
9 4 (0.23%) NetIQ eDirectory
10 2 (0.12%) NFS
11 1 (0.058%) GridGain
11 1 (0.058%) iptables
11 1 (0.058%) Virtual Desktop
11 1 (0.058%) VMware ESXi
Systems Management
1 238 (13.74%) Kubernetes
2 149 (8.60%) Terraform
3 112 (6.47%) Ansible
4 56 (3.23%) Puppet
5 41 (2.37%) Opscode Chef
6 31 (1.79%) Kibana
7 21 (1.21%) Grafana
7 21 (1.21%) Prometheus
8 20 (1.15%) HP Quality Center
9 17 (0.98%) HP ALM
10 16 (0.92%) Rancher
11 11 (0.64%) logstash
12 10 (0.58%) Consul
12 10 (0.58%) Hadoop YARN
13 8 (0.46%) Data Guard
13 8 (0.46%) Oracle RMAN
13 8 (0.46%) Single Sign-On
14 7 (0.40%) Nagios
14 7 (0.40%) Oozie
15 5 (0.29%) Salt
Vendors
1 167 (9.64%) Oracle
2 109 (6.29%) Microsoft
3 68 (3.93%) Splunk
4 62 (3.58%) AppDynamics
5 45 (2.60%) Google
5 45 (2.60%) SAP
6 35 (2.02%) Databricks
7 29 (1.67%) MuleSoft
8 23 (1.33%) HP
9 21 (1.21%) Apple
9 21 (1.21%) Salesforce.com
10 19 (1.10%) Atlassian
11 17 (0.98%) IBM
11 17 (0.98%) Red Hat
12 16 (0.92%) webMethods
13 12 (0.69%) Xamarin
14 11 (0.64%) Bloomberg
14 11 (0.64%) SunGard
14 11 (0.64%) VMware
15 10 (0.58%) Pega