CSS Contract Job Trends in England

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK > England

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs advertised in England requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 25 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
25 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 184 106 116
Rank change year-on-year -78 +10 -39
Contract jobs citing CSS 489 689 791
As % of all contract jobs in England 1.54% 2.40% 2.16%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 6.94% 10.97% 9.97%
Number of daily rates quoted 328 416 573
10th Percentile £210 £250 £300
25th Percentile £359 £363 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £475 £477 £500
Median % change year-on-year -0.42% -4.60% -7.41%
75th Percentile £575 £595 £600
90th Percentile £650 £700 £720
UK median daily rate £475 £472 £500
% change year-on-year +0.64% -5.60% -4.76%
Number of hourly rates quoted 13 13 23
10th Percentile £28.15 £27.65 £26.80
25th Percentile £42.50 £38.25 £38.63
Median hourly rate £62.50 £60.50 £60.00
Median % change year-on-year +3.31% +0.83% -7.69%
75th Percentile £67.00 £62.50 £70.00
90th Percentile - £63.50 -
UK median hourly rate £62.50 £60.50 £60.00
% change year-on-year +3.31% +0.83% -7.69%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
England

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills in England.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,042 6,283 7,934
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 22.21% 21.86% 21.63%
Number of daily rates quoted 4,690 4,010 5,762
10th Percentile £350 £358 £363
25th Percentile £413 £435 £450
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £513 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -6.82% - -4.35%
75th Percentile £632 £663 £675
90th Percentile £738 £788 £763
UK median daily rate £505 £544 £550
% change year-on-year -7.08% -1.18% -4.35%
Number of hourly rates quoted 189 77 166
10th Percentile £31.25 £26.25 £33.50
25th Percentile £44.50 £43.50 £46.18
Median hourly rate £58.00 £62.50 £51.89
Median % change year-on-year -7.20% +20.45% -20.17%
75th Percentile £67.00 £65.75 £70.00
90th Percentile £77.50 £74.18 £78.00
UK median hourly rate £59.86 £62.50 £52.50
% change year-on-year -4.22% +19.05% -19.23%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised in England.

CSS job vacancy trend in England

CSS
Daily Rate Trend in England

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 25 December 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend in England

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 25 December 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the England region over the 6 months to 25 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
London -51 274 £520 +4.00% 227
North of England -52 61 £450 -5.26% 312
South East -61 60 £208 -49.27% 296
Midlands -53 34 £504 +6.05% 205
Yorkshire -26 32 £488 -13.18% 113
North West -38 26 £388 -16.67% 168
West Midlands -51 23 £400 -23.81% 117
South West -16 18 £400 +9.59% 127
East of England -24 17 £475 +58.33% 168
East Midlands -13 11 £550 +51.52% 82
North East -15 4 £475 +26.67% 34
CSS
UK

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities in England by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 23 (4.70%) CMS
2 22 (4.50%) Adobe Experience Manager
3 13 (2.66%) Confluence
3 13 (2.66%) SharePoint
4 6 (1.23%) Headless CMS
4 6 (1.23%) Sitecore CMS
5 5 (1.02%) SugarCRM
5 5 (1.02%) Umbraco
6 3 (0.61%) WordPress
7 2 (0.41%) Apache
7 2 (0.41%) SharePoint Server
7 2 (0.41%) Tomcat
8 1 (0.20%) CICS
8 1 (0.20%) Drupal
8 1 (0.20%) IIS
8 1 (0.20%) Joomla!
8 1 (0.20%) Microsoft Exchange
8 1 (0.20%) Moodle
8 1 (0.20%) SAS
8 1 (0.20%) Skype for Business
Applications
1 13 (2.66%) Adobe XD
2 12 (2.45%) Sketch
3 4 (0.82%) Adobe After Effects
3 4 (0.82%) Microsoft Excel
3 4 (0.82%) Trello
4 3 (0.61%) Chatbot
4 3 (0.61%) InVision
4 3 (0.61%) Microsoft PowerPoint
4 3 (0.61%) MS Visio
5 2 (0.41%) Maya
5 2 (0.41%) NUKE
5 2 (0.41%) Photoshop
6 1 (0.20%) Adobe Illustrator
6 1 (0.20%) Blender
6 1 (0.20%) CINEMA 4D
6 1 (0.20%) InDesign
6 1 (0.20%) Microsoft Office
6 1 (0.20%) Moqups
6 1 (0.20%) Spreadsheet
6 1 (0.20%) UserZoom
Business Applications
1 6 (1.23%) Payment Gateway
2 2 (0.41%) Adobe Campaign
2 2 (0.41%) Dynamics CRM
2 2 (0.41%) Oracle ERP
2 2 (0.41%) Shopify
3 1 (0.20%) Maximo
3 1 (0.20%) Salesforce CRM
Cloud Services
1 115 (23.52%) Azure
2 107 (21.88%) AWS
3 54 (11.04%) GitHub
4 35 (7.16%) Figma
5 33 (6.75%) GCP
6 30 (6.13%) SaaS
7 28 (5.73%) GitHub Actions
8 27 (5.52%) Serverless
9 24 (4.91%) Azure DevOps
10 23 (4.70%) npm
11 21 (4.29%) Sauce Labs
12 19 (3.89%) Amazon S3
13 18 (3.68%) Power Platform
14 14 (2.86%) AWS Lambda
15 11 (2.25%) OpenShift
16 10 (2.04%) Power Automate
16 10 (2.04%) PowerApps
17 9 (1.84%) Entra ID
18 8 (1.64%) Dynamics 365
19 7 (1.43%) Amazon Cognito
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.68%) Wireless
2 7 (1.43%) HTTP
3 3 (0.61%) DNS
3 3 (0.61%) Internet
3 3 (0.61%) SMS
4 2 (0.41%) Firewall
5 1 (0.20%) BGP
5 1 (0.20%) Bluetooth
5 1 (0.20%) FTP
5 1 (0.20%) HTTPS
5 1 (0.20%) Intranet
5 1 (0.20%) LAN
5 1 (0.20%) Network Security
5 1 (0.20%) OSPF
5 1 (0.20%) POP3
5 1 (0.20%) Reverse Proxy
5 1 (0.20%) SMTP
5 1 (0.20%) SSL
5 1 (0.20%) VoIP
5 1 (0.20%) WAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 69 (14.11%) Relational Database
2 59 (12.07%) MySQL
2 59 (12.07%) PostgreSQL
3 42 (8.59%) SQL Server
4 30 (6.13%) NoSQL
5 24 (4.91%) MongoDB
6 20 (4.09%) Redis
7 9 (1.84%) Amazon RDS
7 9 (1.84%) MariaDB
7 9 (1.84%) Oracle Database
8 8 (1.64%) Power BI
9 6 (1.23%) Apache Cassandra
9 6 (1.23%) DynamoDB
9 6 (1.23%) RDBMS
10 5 (1.02%) Elasticsearch
11 4 (0.82%) Data Warehouse
11 4 (0.82%) DB2
11 4 (0.82%) Tableau
12 3 (0.61%) Mixpanel
13 2 (0.41%) Oracle BI Publisher
Development Applications
1 142 (29.04%) Git
2 54 (11.04%) JIRA
3 40 (8.18%) Jenkins
4 35 (7.16%) Browser DevTools
5 29 (5.93%) Xcode
6 28 (5.73%) Eclipse
7 27 (5.52%) webpack
8 25 (5.11%) GitLab
9 23 (4.70%) Cypress.io
10 21 (4.29%) Android Studio
11 20 (4.09%) JUnit
12 16 (3.27%) Maven
13 15 (3.07%) Mockito
13 15 (3.07%) Postman
13 15 (3.07%) SonarQube
14 13 (2.66%) Bitbucket
15 11 (2.25%) Artifactory
15 11 (2.25%) Selenium
16 10 (2.04%) Firebug
16 10 (2.04%) Visual Studio
General
1 164 (33.54%) Social Skills
2 82 (16.77%) Finance
3 63 (12.88%) Public Sector
4 45 (9.20%) Banking
5 36 (7.36%) Analytical Skills
6 27 (5.52%) Marketing
7 13 (2.66%) Investment Banking
8 11 (2.25%) Presentation Skills
9 10 (2.04%) Military
10 7 (1.43%) Front Office
10 7 (1.43%) Manufacturing
11 6 (1.23%) Documentation Skills
11 6 (1.23%) Retail
12 5 (1.02%) Inclusion and Diversity
12 5 (1.02%) Publishing
13 4 (0.82%) Automotive
13 4 (0.82%) Financial Institution
13 4 (0.82%) Legal
14 3 (0.61%) Electronics
14 3 (0.61%) Telecoms
Job Titles
1 284 (58.08%) Developer
2 76 (15.54%) Full-Stack Developer
3 54 (11.04%) Senior
4 46 (9.41%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 37 (7.57%) Senior Developer
6 32 (6.54%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
6 32 (6.54%) Support Engineer
6 32 (6.54%) Technical Engineer
6 32 (6.54%) Technical Support
6 32 (6.54%) Technical Support Engineer
7 27 (5.52%) Java Developer
7 27 (5.52%) React Developer
8 26 (5.32%) Full-Stack Engineer
8 26 (5.32%) Lead
9 25 (5.11%) UX Engineer
10 23 (4.70%) Designer
11 20 (4.09%) Software Engineer
12 14 (2.86%) .NET Developer
12 14 (2.86%) Consultant
12 14 (2.86%) UX Designer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 423 (86.50%) HTML
2 226 (46.22%) React
3 153 (31.29%) AngularJS
4 102 (20.86%) HTML5
5 94 (19.22%) REST
6 83 (16.97%) RESTful
7 81 (16.56%) Node.js
8 72 (14.72%) CSS3
9 69 (14.11%) .NET
10 54 (11.04%) Spring
11 53 (10.84%) Vue
12 50 (10.22%) Jest
13 43 (8.79%) JSON
14 40 (8.18%) Sass
15 39 (7.98%) Spring Boot
16 37 (7.57%) jQuery
17 36 (7.36%) Bootstrap
17 36 (7.36%) GraphQL
18 33 (6.75%) Redux
19 31 (6.34%) Ajax
Miscellaneous
1 54 (11.04%) Mobile App
2 26 (5.32%) Product Ownership
3 19 (3.89%) Data Structures
4 17 (3.48%) Distributed Systems
5 16 (3.27%) Cloud Native
6 15 (3.07%) Management Information System
7 14 (2.86%) Algorithms
8 11 (2.25%) CMDB
8 11 (2.25%) Greenfield Project
9 10 (2.04%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
10 9 (1.84%) Low-Code
11 8 (1.64%) Derivative
11 8 (1.64%) Onboarding
11 8 (1.64%) Reinsurance
12 6 (1.23%) Data Protection Act
12 6 (1.23%) Legacy Systems
13 5 (1.02%) Marketing Technology
14 4 (0.82%) Distributed Architecture
14 4 (0.82%) Self-Motivation
15 3 (0.61%) Enterprise Software
Operating Systems
1 41 (8.38%) Linux
2 33 (6.75%) Unix
3 30 (6.13%) Android
4 27 (5.52%) Windows
5 7 (1.43%) Apple iOS
6 4 (0.82%) Mac OS
7 3 (0.61%) CentOS
8 2 (0.41%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 1 (0.20%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 219 (44.79%) Agile
2 158 (32.31%) User Experience
3 151 (30.88%) CI/CD
4 129 (26.38%) Full-Stack Development
5 111 (22.70%) Front End Development
6 99 (20.25%) Problem-Solving
7 88 (18.00%) DevOps
8 80 (16.36%) Microservices
9 64 (13.09%) UX Design
10 58 (11.86%) TDD
11 56 (11.45%) Test Automation
12 54 (11.04%) Containerisation
13 51 (10.43%) MVC
14 50 (10.22%) Scrum
15 49 (10.02%) OO
16 45 (9.20%) Code Quality
16 45 (9.20%) SDLC
17 44 (9.00%) Computer Science
18 42 (8.59%) Software Engineering
19 41 (8.38%) Design Patterns
Programming Languages
1 377 (77.10%) JavaScript
2 136 (27.81%) Java
3 127 (25.97%) SQL
4 126 (25.77%) TypeScript
5 94 (19.22%) Python
6 55 (11.25%) C#
7 25 (5.11%) Perl
8 23 (4.70%) C++
9 21 (4.29%) PHP
10 18 (3.68%) Ruby
11 13 (2.66%) PowerShell
12 10 (2.04%) ABAP
13 9 (1.84%) PL/SQL
14 8 (1.64%) C
14 8 (1.64%) Groovy
14 8 (1.64%) Kotlin
15 7 (1.43%) JSX
15 7 (1.43%) Shell Script
16 6 (1.23%) Apex Code
17 5 (1.02%) COBOL
Qualifications
1 93 (19.02%) Security Cleared
2 67 (13.70%) SC Cleared
3 45 (9.20%) Degree
4 30 (6.13%) Computer Science Degree
5 6 (1.23%) Master's Degree
6 5 (1.02%) BPSS Clearance
7 4 (0.82%) Azure Certification
7 4 (0.82%) MCP
8 3 (0.61%) DBS Check
8 3 (0.61%) DV Cleared
9 2 (0.41%) Cisco Certification
9 2 (0.41%) ITIL Certification
9 2 (0.41%) Microsoft Certification
10 1 (0.20%) CCNA
10 1 (0.20%) CCNP
10 1 (0.20%) ISEB
10 1 (0.20%) ISTQB
10 1 (0.20%) Network+ Certification
10 1 (0.20%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 80 (16.36%) Accessibility
2 42 (8.59%) WCAG
3 40 (8.18%) QA
4 8 (1.64%) GDPR
5 5 (1.02%) Data Quality
6 3 (0.61%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 2 (0.41%) ISO/IEC 27001
8 1 (0.20%) HMG Security Policy Framework
8 1 (0.20%) Sarbanes-Oxley
8 1 (0.20%) SLA
8 1 (0.20%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 78 (15.95%) Docker
2 5 (1.02%) Active Directory
3 3 (0.61%) ISA Server
Systems Management
1 56 (11.45%) Kubernetes
2 11 (2.25%) Argo
2 11 (2.25%) Terraform
3 6 (1.23%) Single Sign-On
4 3 (0.61%) Grafana
5 1 (0.20%) Ansible
5 1 (0.20%) Control-M
5 1 (0.20%) Kibana
5 1 (0.20%) logstash
Vendors
1 67 (13.70%) Oracle
2 66 (13.50%) Microsoft
3 43 (8.79%) Adobe
4 35 (7.16%) ServiceNow
5 29 (5.93%) Google
5 29 (5.93%) Splunk
6 18 (3.68%) Salesforce
6 18 (3.68%) SAP
7 16 (3.27%) Red Hat
8 8 (1.64%) GoldenSource
9 7 (1.43%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
9 7 (1.43%) Sitecore
10 6 (1.23%) Amplitude
10 6 (1.23%) Atlassian
10 6 (1.23%) Dynatrace
10 6 (1.23%) MuleSoft
11 5 (1.02%) CA Agile Central
11 5 (1.02%) OutSystems
12 4 (0.82%) TIBCO
13 3 (0.61%) Bloomberg