CSS Contract Job Trends in England

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK > England

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs advertised in England requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 17 October 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
17 Oct 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 159 92 107
Rank change year-on-year -67 +15 -47
Contract jobs citing CSS 524 801 931
As % of all contract jobs in England 1.86% 2.51% 2.27%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 8.15% 11.30% 10.26%
Number of daily rates quoted 338 523 684
10th Percentile £263 £263 £300
25th Percentile £356 £375 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £436 £500 £500
Median % change year-on-year -12.75% - -9.09%
75th Percentile £538 £600 £600
90th Percentile £645 £688 £705
UK median daily rate £450 £475 £495
% change year-on-year -5.26% -4.04% -8.33%
Number of hourly rates quoted 34 16 17
10th Percentile £33.25 £58.56 £26.84
25th Percentile £33.91 £62.50 £46.18
Median hourly rate £50.00 £70.00 £60.00
Median % change year-on-year -28.57% +16.67% -7.69%
75th Percentile - - £70.00
90th Percentile £66.85 - £74.59
UK median hourly rate £50.00 £70.00 £60.00
% change year-on-year -28.57% +16.67% -7.69%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
England

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills in England.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 6,430 7,088 9,072
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 22.77% 22.18% 22.14%
Number of daily rates quoted 4,302 4,537 6,692
10th Percentile £350 £356 £375
25th Percentile £413 £431 £450
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £513 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -6.82% - -4.35%
75th Percentile £638 £663 £675
90th Percentile £738 £800 £775
UK median daily rate £507 £545 £550
% change year-on-year -6.97% -0.91% -4.35%
Number of hourly rates quoted 171 149 195
10th Percentile £31.25 £33.55 £40.41
25th Percentile £42.05 £43.00 £46.18
Median hourly rate £54.00 £65.00 £57.50
Median % change year-on-year -16.92% +13.04% -11.54%
75th Percentile £65.00 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £72.00 £74.00 £78.00
UK median hourly rate £51.97 £65.00 £57.50
% change year-on-year -20.05% +13.04% -11.54%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised in England.

CSS job vacancy trend in England

CSS
Daily Rate Trend in England

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 17 October 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend in England

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 17 October 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the England region over the 6 months to 17 October 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
London -66 269 £475 -5.00% 308
North of England -19 76 £400 -21.38% 209
South East -20 63 £300 -23.08% 293
Midlands -16 53 £400 -20.00% 125
North West -5 41 £380 -17.84% 120
Yorkshire -28 33 £488 -12.00% 62
West Midlands -29 29 £419 -24.65% 74
South West +13 24 £435 -5.95% 74
East Midlands +2 23 £375 +5.34% 51
East of England -23 15 £500 +33.33% 100
North East -8 3 - - 29
CSS
UK

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities in England by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 23 (4.39%) Confluence
2 17 (3.24%) SharePoint
3 15 (2.86%) CMS
4 6 (1.15%) Adobe Experience Manager
4 6 (1.15%) Apache
4 6 (1.15%) Tomcat
5 5 (0.95%) SugarCRM
6 4 (0.76%) SharePoint Server
7 3 (0.57%) Apache Spark
7 3 (0.57%) Headless CMS
7 3 (0.57%) nginx
7 3 (0.57%) Oracle Application Server
7 3 (0.57%) Umbraco
7 3 (0.57%) WordPress
8 2 (0.38%) Appian
8 2 (0.38%) Drupal
8 2 (0.38%) Oracle Workflow
8 2 (0.38%) Sitecore CMS
9 1 (0.19%) CICS
9 1 (0.19%) SAS
Applications
1 18 (3.44%) Maya
2 12 (2.29%) NUKE
3 10 (1.91%) Sketch
4 9 (1.72%) Adobe XD
4 9 (1.72%) Microsoft Office
5 6 (1.15%) Adobe Captivate
5 6 (1.15%) Microsoft Excel
6 4 (0.76%) Microsoft PowerPoint
7 3 (0.57%) MS Visio
8 2 (0.38%) Adobe Illustrator
8 2 (0.38%) InDesign
8 2 (0.38%) Photoshop
9 1 (0.19%) Adobe After Effects
9 1 (0.19%) Adobe Creative Suite
9 1 (0.19%) Blender
9 1 (0.19%) CINEMA 4D
9 1 (0.19%) InVision
9 1 (0.19%) Moqups
Business Applications
1 7 (1.34%) Dynamics CRM
2 6 (1.15%) Payment Gateway
3 3 (0.57%) Shopify
4 2 (0.38%) Oracle ERP
4 2 (0.38%) Sprinklr
5 1 (0.19%) Maximo
5 1 (0.19%) NetSuite
5 1 (0.19%) Salesforce CRM
Cloud Services
1 132 (25.19%) Azure
2 99 (18.89%) AWS
3 47 (8.97%) GitHub
4 30 (5.73%) Azure DevOps
5 29 (5.53%) GCP
5 29 (5.53%) npm
5 29 (5.53%) Power Platform
5 29 (5.53%) SaaS
6 27 (5.15%) Figma
7 20 (3.82%) Serverless
8 18 (3.44%) GitHub Actions
8 18 (3.44%) Power Automate
8 18 (3.44%) PowerApps
9 15 (2.86%) Sauce Labs
10 13 (2.48%) OpenShift
11 12 (2.29%) Dynamics 365
12 10 (1.91%) Amazon S3
12 10 (1.91%) AWS Lambda
13 9 (1.72%) Entra ID
13 9 (1.72%) Google Analytics
Communications & Networking
1 16 (3.05%) HTTP
2 15 (2.86%) Wireless
3 6 (1.15%) DNS
4 3 (0.57%) Bluetooth
4 3 (0.57%) Firewall
4 3 (0.57%) HTTPS
4 3 (0.57%) Internet
4 3 (0.57%) Intranet
4 3 (0.57%) SSL
5 1 (0.19%) Cisco Nexus
5 1 (0.19%) DKIM
5 1 (0.19%) POP3
5 1 (0.19%) SMTP
5 1 (0.19%) VoIP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 68 (12.98%) SQL Server
2 58 (11.07%) Relational Database
3 50 (9.54%) MySQL
4 49 (9.35%) PostgreSQL
5 25 (4.77%) Redis
6 23 (4.39%) NoSQL
7 20 (3.82%) MongoDB
8 15 (2.86%) Oracle Database
9 12 (2.29%) Power BI
10 8 (1.53%) MariaDB
11 6 (1.15%) Data Warehouse
12 5 (0.95%) Amazon RDS
12 5 (0.95%) DB2
12 5 (0.95%) Elasticsearch
13 4 (0.76%) Azure SQL Database
13 4 (0.76%) Spark SQL
13 4 (0.76%) Tableau
14 3 (0.57%) Data Lake
14 3 (0.57%) Geospatial Data
14 3 (0.57%) Mixpanel
Development Applications
1 166 (31.68%) Git
2 57 (10.88%) JIRA
3 47 (8.97%) Jenkins
4 32 (6.11%) Browser DevTools
4 32 (6.11%) GitLab
4 32 (6.11%) webpack
5 28 (5.34%) Xcode
6 26 (4.96%) SonarQube
7 23 (4.39%) Eclipse
8 21 (4.01%) Bitbucket
8 21 (4.01%) Maven
9 19 (3.63%) Cypress.io
10 17 (3.24%) Cucumber
10 17 (3.24%) JUnit
11 16 (3.05%) Mockito
12 15 (2.86%) Android Studio
12 15 (2.86%) Mocha
13 14 (2.67%) Selenium
14 13 (2.48%) Visual Studio
15 12 (2.29%) Postman
General
1 190 (36.26%) Social Skills
2 85 (16.22%) Finance
3 61 (11.64%) Analytical Skills
4 53 (10.11%) Banking
5 46 (8.78%) Public Sector
6 27 (5.15%) Marketing
7 21 (4.01%) Automotive
8 20 (3.82%) Games
9 12 (2.29%) Retail
10 11 (2.10%) Military
11 10 (1.91%) Manufacturing
11 10 (1.91%) Presentation Skills
12 9 (1.72%) Investment Banking
13 8 (1.53%) Documentation Skills
13 8 (1.53%) Legal
14 7 (1.34%) Aerospace
14 7 (1.34%) Telecoms
15 5 (0.95%) Financial Institution
15 5 (0.95%) Front Office
15 5 (0.95%) Inclusion and Diversity
Job Titles
1 300 (57.25%) Developer
2 67 (12.79%) Full-Stack Developer
3 55 (10.50%) Senior
4 40 (7.63%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 39 (7.44%) Lead
6 30 (5.73%) React Developer
7 29 (5.53%) Angular Developer
7 29 (5.53%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
8 27 (5.15%) Senior Developer
9 26 (4.96%) Java Developer
9 26 (4.96%) Support Engineer
9 26 (4.96%) Technical Engineer
9 26 (4.96%) Technical Support
9 26 (4.96%) Technical Support Engineer
10 22 (4.20%) .NET Developer
11 20 (3.82%) Full-Stack Engineer
12 18 (3.44%) Designer
12 18 (3.44%) UI Developer
13 17 (3.24%) Consultant
14 16 (3.05%) Software Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 478 (91.22%) HTML
2 217 (41.41%) React
3 147 (28.05%) AngularJS
4 112 (21.37%) REST
5 110 (20.99%) HTML5
6 87 (16.60%) Node.js
7 85 (16.22%) .NET
8 80 (15.27%) RESTful
9 73 (13.93%) CSS3
10 56 (10.69%) Jest
11 53 (10.11%) jQuery
12 52 (9.92%) Vue
13 45 (8.59%) Spring
14 44 (8.40%) Bootstrap
15 43 (8.21%) JSON
16 42 (8.02%) Web Services
17 40 (7.63%) Redux
18 38 (7.25%) Sass
19 37 (7.06%) .NET Framework
20 34 (6.49%) Spring Boot
Miscellaneous
1 50 (9.54%) Mobile App
2 29 (5.53%) Product Ownership
3 23 (4.39%) Data Structures
4 21 (4.01%) Management Information System
5 19 (3.63%) Animation
5 19 (3.63%) Cloud Native
6 18 (3.44%) Algorithms
7 15 (2.86%) Distributed Systems
8 11 (2.10%) Greenfield Project
9 10 (1.91%) Virtual Team
10 9 (1.72%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
10 9 (1.72%) Low-Code
11 8 (1.53%) Onboarding
11 8 (1.53%) Reinsurance
12 7 (1.34%) Marketing Technology
12 7 (1.34%) Mobile Banking
13 6 (1.15%) Data Protection Act
13 6 (1.15%) Derivative
13 6 (1.15%) Legacy Systems
13 6 (1.15%) Virtual Reality
Operating Systems
1 40 (7.63%) Android
2 37 (7.06%) Linux
3 29 (5.53%) Unix
4 23 (4.39%) Apple iOS
5 22 (4.20%) Windows
6 4 (0.76%) CentOS
6 4 (0.76%) Mac OS
6 4 (0.76%) Windows Server
7 3 (0.57%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Processes & Methodologies
1 235 (44.85%) Agile
2 155 (29.58%) CI/CD
3 136 (25.95%) User Experience
4 135 (25.76%) Problem-Solving
5 116 (22.14%) Front End Development
6 110 (20.99%) Full-Stack Development
7 100 (19.08%) DevOps
8 79 (15.08%) Microservices
9 69 (13.17%) Scrum
10 64 (12.21%) UX Design
11 63 (12.02%) TDD
12 62 (11.83%) Test Automation
13 53 (10.11%) Computer Science
14 51 (9.73%) Code Quality
15 50 (9.54%) MVC
16 49 (9.35%) Containerisation
16 49 (9.35%) OO
16 49 (9.35%) Web Development
17 48 (9.16%) Unit Testing
18 45 (8.59%) SDLC
Programming Languages
1 417 (79.58%) JavaScript
2 149 (28.44%) SQL
3 145 (27.67%) Java
4 121 (23.09%) TypeScript
5 112 (21.37%) Python
6 85 (16.22%) C#
7 43 (8.21%) C++
8 25 (4.77%) PHP
9 21 (4.01%) Perl
10 19 (3.63%) Ruby
11 14 (2.67%) Kotlin
11 14 (2.67%) PL/SQL
11 14 (2.67%) PowerShell
12 12 (2.29%) C
12 12 (2.29%) Tcl
13 10 (1.91%) Shell Script
14 9 (1.72%) Groovy
15 7 (1.34%) Objective-C
15 7 (1.34%) Scala
15 7 (1.34%) Swift
Qualifications
1 80 (15.27%) Security Cleared
2 52 (9.92%) Degree
2 52 (9.92%) SC Cleared
3 32 (6.11%) Computer Science Degree
4 11 (2.10%) BPSS Clearance
5 5 (0.95%) DBS Check
6 4 (0.76%) Azure Certification
6 4 (0.76%) DV Cleared
6 4 (0.76%) ITIL Certification
7 3 (0.57%) CCNA
7 3 (0.57%) Cisco Certification
7 3 (0.57%) Master's Degree
7 3 (0.57%) Network+ Certification
8 2 (0.38%) AWS Certification
9 1 (0.19%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 90 (17.18%) Accessibility
2 40 (7.63%) QA
3 31 (5.92%) WCAG
4 9 (1.72%) Data Quality
5 4 (0.76%) GDPR
6 2 (0.38%) California Consumer Privacy Act
6 2 (0.38%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 1 (0.19%) HMG Security Policy Framework
7 1 (0.19%) SLA
System Software
1 80 (15.27%) Docker
2 13 (2.48%) Active Directory
3 4 (0.76%) Virtual Machines
4 1 (0.19%) vCloud
4 1 (0.19%) VMware Infrastructure
4 1 (0.19%) VMware Workstation
4 1 (0.19%) vSphere
Systems Management
1 56 (10.69%) Kubernetes
2 11 (2.10%) Argo
3 10 (1.91%) Single Sign-On
3 10 (1.91%) Terraform
4 3 (0.57%) Grafana
5 2 (0.38%) Kibana
6 1 (0.19%) Active Directory Federation Services
6 1 (0.19%) Ansible
6 1 (0.19%) Control-M
6 1 (0.19%) logstash
Vendors
1 82 (15.65%) Microsoft
2 69 (13.17%) Oracle
3 35 (6.68%) ServiceNow
4 27 (5.15%) Google
5 26 (4.96%) Adobe
6 21 (4.01%) Splunk
7 16 (3.05%) Red Hat
8 15 (2.86%) Salesforce
9 8 (1.53%) GoldenSource
9 8 (1.53%) OutSystems
10 7 (1.34%) Amplitude
10 7 (1.34%) CA Agile Central
10 7 (1.34%) Dynatrace
10 7 (1.34%) Veracode
11 6 (1.15%) Atlassian
11 6 (1.15%) Autodesk
11 6 (1.15%) Perforce
12 5 (0.95%) Nintex
12 5 (0.95%) SAP
13 4 (0.76%) OpenAI