CSS Contract Job Trends in England

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK > England

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs advertised in England requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 7 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
7 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 177 99 109
Rank change year-on-year -78 +10 -39
Contract jobs citing CSS 480 747 852
As % of all contract jobs in England 1.55% 2.46% 2.21%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 6.95% 11.30% 10.11%
Number of daily rates quoted 321 468 618
10th Percentile £210 £250 £300
25th Percentile £350 £363 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £450 £475 £500
Median % change year-on-year -5.26% -5.00% -6.98%
75th Percentile £550 £600 £600
90th Percentile £638 £688 £710
UK median daily rate £450 £473 £495
% change year-on-year -4.76% -4.55% -5.71%
Number of hourly rates quoted 20 17 22
10th Percentile £30.43 £30.45 £26.79
25th Percentile - £43.00 £46.05
Median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £60.00
Median % change year-on-year -20.00% +4.17% -4.00%
75th Percentile £65.56 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £67.00 - -
UK median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £60.00
% change year-on-year -20.00% +4.17% -4.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
England

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills in England.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 6,902 6,610 8,424
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 22.29% 21.80% 21.87%
Number of daily rates quoted 4,629 4,224 6,131
10th Percentile £350 £358 £369
25th Percentile £413 £435 £450
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £508 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -7.73% - -4.68%
75th Percentile £625 £666 £675
90th Percentile £725 £800 £775
UK median daily rate £500 £550 £550
% change year-on-year -9.09% - -4.35%
Number of hourly rates quoted 168 95 174
10th Percentile £31.10 £26.35 £35.00
25th Percentile £43.00 £43.25 £46.18
Median hourly rate £56.90 £65.00 £53.50
Median % change year-on-year -12.46% +21.50% -17.69%
75th Percentile £65.00 £67.75 £70.00
90th Percentile £77.33 £74.00 £78.00
UK median hourly rate £55.00 £62.50 £54.78
% change year-on-year -12.00% +14.09% -15.72%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised in England.

CSS job vacancy trend in England

CSS
Daily Rate Trend in England

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 7 December 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend in England

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 7 December 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the England region over the 6 months to 7 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
London -69 261 £500 - 244
South East -55 65 £208 -49.27% 300
North of England -48 62 £425 -10.53% 280
Midlands -42 34 £425 -10.53% 218
North West -19 30 £384 -16.52% 151
Yorkshire -39 30 £500 -4.76% 95
West Midlands -41 21 £419 -18.29% 128
South West -22 16 £448 +26.23% 123
East of England -23 16 £475 +58.33% 167
East Midlands -10 13 £550 +48.65% 84
North East -11 3 - - 36
CSS
UK

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities in England by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 23 (4.79%) CMS
2 17 (3.54%) Confluence
3 15 (3.13%) Adobe Experience Manager
4 10 (2.08%) SharePoint
5 6 (1.25%) Headless CMS
5 6 (1.25%) Sitecore CMS
6 5 (1.04%) SugarCRM
6 5 (1.04%) Umbraco
7 3 (0.63%) Tomcat
7 3 (0.63%) WordPress
8 2 (0.42%) Apache
8 2 (0.42%) SharePoint Server
9 1 (0.21%) CICS
9 1 (0.21%) Cloud Foundry
9 1 (0.21%) Drupal
9 1 (0.21%) IIS
9 1 (0.21%) Joomla!
9 1 (0.21%) Mendix
9 1 (0.21%) Moodle
9 1 (0.21%) SAS
Applications
1 12 (2.50%) Adobe XD
1 12 (2.50%) Sketch
2 8 (1.67%) Maya
3 5 (1.04%) NUKE
4 4 (0.83%) Microsoft Office
5 3 (0.63%) Adobe After Effects
5 3 (0.63%) Adobe Captivate
5 3 (0.63%) InVision
5 3 (0.63%) Microsoft Excel
5 3 (0.63%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 3 (0.63%) MS Visio
5 3 (0.63%) Trello
6 1 (0.21%) Adobe Creative Suite
6 1 (0.21%) Adobe Illustrator
6 1 (0.21%) Blender
6 1 (0.21%) Chatbot
6 1 (0.21%) CINEMA 4D
6 1 (0.21%) Moqups
6 1 (0.21%) Spreadsheet
6 1 (0.21%) UserZoom
Business Applications
1 6 (1.25%) Payment Gateway
2 3 (0.63%) Shopify
3 2 (0.42%) Oracle ERP
4 1 (0.21%) Dynamics CRM
4 1 (0.21%) Maximo
Cloud Services
1 107 (22.29%) Azure
2 100 (20.83%) AWS
3 55 (11.46%) GitHub
4 35 (7.29%) GCP
5 29 (6.04%) GitHub Actions
6 28 (5.83%) Figma
6 28 (5.83%) SaaS
7 25 (5.21%) npm
7 25 (5.21%) Serverless
8 22 (4.58%) Azure DevOps
9 19 (3.96%) Sauce Labs
10 18 (3.75%) Power Platform
11 16 (3.33%) Amazon S3
12 12 (2.50%) AWS Lambda
13 11 (2.29%) OpenShift
13 11 (2.29%) PowerApps
14 10 (2.08%) Power Automate
15 8 (1.67%) Google Analytics
16 7 (1.46%) Amazon Cognito
16 7 (1.46%) Kontent
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.75%) Wireless
2 9 (1.88%) HTTP
3 4 (0.83%) DNS
4 3 (0.63%) Bluetooth
4 3 (0.63%) Firewall
4 3 (0.63%) Internet
5 1 (0.21%) DKIM
5 1 (0.21%) FTP
5 1 (0.21%) Intranet
5 1 (0.21%) POP3
5 1 (0.21%) SMTP
5 1 (0.21%) VoIP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 59 (12.29%) PostgreSQL
1 59 (12.29%) Relational Database
2 57 (11.88%) MySQL
3 47 (9.79%) SQL Server
4 29 (6.04%) NoSQL
5 26 (5.42%) MongoDB
6 20 (4.17%) Redis
7 10 (2.08%) Oracle Database
8 9 (1.88%) Amazon RDS
8 9 (1.88%) MariaDB
9 8 (1.67%) Power BI
10 6 (1.25%) Apache Cassandra
11 5 (1.04%) DB2
11 5 (1.04%) DynamoDB
11 5 (1.04%) Elasticsearch
12 4 (0.83%) Tableau
13 3 (0.63%) Data Warehouse
13 3 (0.63%) Mixpanel
14 2 (0.42%) Azure SQL Database
14 2 (0.42%) Oracle BI Publisher
Development Applications
1 151 (31.46%) Git
2 57 (11.88%) JIRA
3 41 (8.54%) Jenkins
4 34 (7.08%) Browser DevTools
5 30 (6.25%) webpack
6 28 (5.83%) GitLab
7 27 (5.63%) Eclipse
7 27 (5.63%) Xcode
8 25 (5.21%) Cypress.io
8 25 (5.21%) JUnit
9 22 (4.58%) SonarQube
10 20 (4.17%) Maven
11 19 (3.96%) Android Studio
11 19 (3.96%) Mockito
12 18 (3.75%) Bitbucket
13 14 (2.92%) Cucumber
13 14 (2.92%) Postman
13 14 (2.92%) Selenium
14 13 (2.71%) Mocha
15 12 (2.50%) Jasmine
General
1 164 (34.17%) Social Skills
2 88 (18.33%) Finance
3 54 (11.25%) Public Sector
4 47 (9.79%) Banking
5 43 (8.96%) Analytical Skills
6 24 (5.00%) Marketing
7 11 (2.29%) Investment Banking
8 10 (2.08%) Automotive
8 10 (2.08%) Military
9 9 (1.88%) Games
9 9 (1.88%) Presentation Skills
10 8 (1.67%) Retail
11 7 (1.46%) Documentation Skills
11 7 (1.46%) Manufacturing
12 6 (1.25%) Front Office
13 5 (1.04%) Inclusion and Diversity
13 5 (1.04%) Publishing
14 4 (0.83%) Aerospace
14 4 (0.83%) Legal
14 4 (0.83%) Telecoms
Job Titles
1 273 (56.88%) Developer
2 72 (15.00%) Full-Stack Developer
3 49 (10.21%) Senior
4 40 (8.33%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 33 (6.88%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
6 31 (6.46%) Java Developer
7 30 (6.25%) Support Engineer
7 30 (6.25%) Technical Engineer
7 30 (6.25%) Technical Support
7 30 (6.25%) Technical Support Engineer
8 28 (5.83%) Senior Developer
9 27 (5.63%) React Developer
10 26 (5.42%) Full-Stack Engineer
11 25 (5.21%) Lead
12 24 (5.00%) Designer
13 22 (4.58%) UX Engineer
14 21 (4.38%) Software Engineer
15 17 (3.54%) Angular Developer
15 17 (3.54%) UX Designer
16 15 (3.13%) UI Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 419 (87.29%) HTML
2 213 (44.38%) React
3 140 (29.17%) AngularJS
4 110 (22.92%) HTML5
5 97 (20.21%) REST
6 91 (18.96%) Node.js
7 85 (17.71%) RESTful
8 81 (16.88%) CSS3
9 67 (13.96%) .NET
10 62 (12.92%) Jest
11 53 (11.04%) Spring
12 51 (10.63%) Vue
13 45 (9.38%) Sass
14 43 (8.96%) JSON
15 42 (8.75%) Bootstrap
15 42 (8.75%) Spring Boot
16 40 (8.33%) Redux
17 39 (8.13%) jQuery
18 34 (7.08%) GraphQL
19 33 (6.88%) Ajax
Miscellaneous
1 57 (11.88%) Mobile App
2 27 (5.63%) Product Ownership
3 20 (4.17%) Management Information System
4 19 (3.96%) Data Structures
5 17 (3.54%) Distributed Systems
6 16 (3.33%) Cloud Native
7 14 (2.92%) Algorithms
8 11 (2.29%) Greenfield Project
9 9 (1.88%) Animation
9 9 (1.88%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
9 9 (1.88%) Low-Code
10 8 (1.67%) Derivative
10 8 (1.67%) Reinsurance
11 7 (1.46%) CMDB
11 7 (1.46%) Onboarding
12 6 (1.25%) Data Protection Act
12 6 (1.25%) Legacy Systems
13 5 (1.04%) Marketing Technology
13 5 (1.04%) Virtual Reality
13 5 (1.04%) Virtual Team
Operating Systems
1 39 (8.13%) Linux
2 37 (7.71%) Android
3 32 (6.67%) Unix
4 25 (5.21%) Windows
5 16 (3.33%) Apple iOS
6 4 (0.83%) Mac OS
7 3 (0.63%) CentOS
8 2 (0.42%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 1 (0.21%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 220 (45.83%) Agile
2 156 (32.50%) CI/CD
3 142 (29.58%) User Experience
4 123 (25.63%) Full-Stack Development
5 111 (23.13%) Front End Development
6 106 (22.08%) Problem-Solving
7 92 (19.17%) DevOps
8 83 (17.29%) Microservices
9 65 (13.54%) TDD
10 63 (13.13%) Test Automation
10 63 (13.13%) UX Design
11 53 (11.04%) Scrum
12 48 (10.00%) OO
13 47 (9.79%) Containerisation
13 47 (9.79%) MVC
13 47 (9.79%) Unit Testing
14 45 (9.38%) Code Quality
15 44 (9.17%) Computer Science
16 43 (8.96%) SDLC
17 41 (8.54%) Software Engineering
Programming Languages
1 370 (77.08%) JavaScript
2 143 (29.79%) Java
3 129 (26.88%) TypeScript
4 126 (26.25%) SQL
5 89 (18.54%) Python
6 53 (11.04%) C#
7 29 (6.04%) C++
8 23 (4.79%) Perl
9 20 (4.17%) PHP
10 16 (3.33%) Ruby
11 11 (2.29%) PL/SQL
12 10 (2.08%) ABAP
12 10 (2.08%) Kotlin
12 10 (2.08%) PowerShell
13 8 (1.67%) C
13 8 (1.67%) Groovy
14 7 (1.46%) JSX
14 7 (1.46%) Shell Script
15 6 (1.25%) Apex Code
16 5 (1.04%) Tcl
Qualifications
1 89 (18.54%) Security Cleared
2 62 (12.92%) SC Cleared
3 43 (8.96%) Degree
4 30 (6.25%) Computer Science Degree
5 9 (1.88%) BPSS Clearance
6 5 (1.04%) Azure Certification
7 3 (0.63%) CCNA
7 3 (0.63%) Cisco Certification
7 3 (0.63%) DBS Check
7 3 (0.63%) DV Cleared
7 3 (0.63%) Network+ Certification
8 2 (0.42%) AWS Certification
8 2 (0.42%) ITIL Certification
8 2 (0.42%) Master's Degree
9 1 (0.21%) ISEB
9 1 (0.21%) ISTQB
9 1 (0.21%) Microsoft Certification
9 1 (0.21%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 82 (17.08%) Accessibility
2 37 (7.71%) QA
2 37 (7.71%) WCAG
3 6 (1.25%) Data Quality
4 4 (0.83%) GDPR
5 2 (0.42%) California Consumer Privacy Act
5 2 (0.42%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 1 (0.21%) HMG Security Policy Framework
6 1 (0.21%) SLA
6 1 (0.21%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 75 (15.63%) Docker
2 4 (0.83%) Active Directory
3 2 (0.42%) ISA Server
Systems Management
1 53 (11.04%) Kubernetes
2 11 (2.29%) Argo
3 10 (2.08%) Terraform
4 7 (1.46%) Single Sign-On
5 5 (1.04%) Grafana
6 1 (0.21%) Ansible
6 1 (0.21%) Control-M
6 1 (0.21%) Kibana
6 1 (0.21%) logstash
Vendors
1 69 (14.38%) Oracle
2 68 (14.17%) Microsoft
3 37 (7.71%) ServiceNow
4 33 (6.88%) Google
5 32 (6.67%) Adobe
6 26 (5.42%) Splunk
7 18 (3.75%) SAP
8 16 (3.33%) Red Hat
9 15 (3.13%) Salesforce
10 8 (1.67%) GoldenSource
11 6 (1.25%) Amplitude
11 6 (1.25%) Atlassian
11 6 (1.25%) Dynatrace
11 6 (1.25%) Perforce
11 6 (1.25%) Sitecore
11 6 (1.25%) Veracode
12 5 (1.04%) CA Agile Central
12 5 (1.04%) OutSystems
13 4 (0.83%) IBM
13 4 (0.83%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud