CSS Contract Job Trends in England

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK > England

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs advertised in England requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 14 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
14 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 195 102 111
Rank change year-on-year -93 +9 -38
Contract jobs citing CSS 470 716 826
As % of all contract jobs in England 1.51% 2.44% 2.19%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 6.77% 11.19% 9.99%
Number of daily rates quoted 310 441 597
10th Percentile £209 £250 £305
25th Percentile £358 £363 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £463 £475 £500
Median % change year-on-year -2.63% -5.00% -6.98%
75th Percentile £568 £594 £600
90th Percentile £648 £688 £715
UK median daily rate £463 £470 £498
% change year-on-year -1.60% -5.53% -5.24%
Number of hourly rates quoted 17 15 22
10th Percentile £29.45 £29.05 £26.79
25th Percentile - £40.63 £46.05
Median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £60.00
Median % change year-on-year -20.00% +4.17% -7.69%
75th Percentile £66.50 £63.13 £70.00
90th Percentile £67.00 £70.00 -
UK median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £60.00
% change year-on-year -20.00% +4.17% -7.69%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
England

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills in England.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 6,941 6,399 8,270
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 22.33% 21.82% 21.93%
Number of daily rates quoted 4,632 4,087 6,018
10th Percentile £350 £357 £370
25th Percentile £413 £436 £450
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £513 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -6.82% - -4.35%
75th Percentile £626 £665 £675
90th Percentile £725 £800 £772
UK median daily rate £505 £550 £550
% change year-on-year -8.18% - -4.35%
Number of hourly rates quoted 190 89 167
10th Percentile £31.25 £26.25 £33.80
25th Percentile £43.77 £43.50 £46.18
Median hourly rate £61.00 £65.00 £51.89
Median % change year-on-year -6.15% +25.26% -20.17%
75th Percentile £66.88 £65.75 £70.00
90th Percentile £77.50 £74.00 £78.00
UK median hourly rate £57.50 £62.50 £52.50
% change year-on-year -8.00% +19.05% -19.23%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised in England.

CSS job vacancy trend in England

CSS
Daily Rate Trend in England

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 14 December 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend in England

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 14 December 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the England region over the 6 months to 14 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
London -74 254 £500 - 245
South East -37 64 £208 -48.70% 237
North of England -40 58 £450 -5.26% 246
Midlands -46 36 £413 -12.70% 173
Yorkshire -34 30 £500 -10.03% 83
North West -26 26 £400 -14.89% 136
West Midlands -49 24 £400 -23.81% 97
South West -16 17 £423 +19.35% 92
East of England -30 16 £475 +43.40% 128
East Midlands -12 12 £550 +48.65% 73
North East -19 3 - - 30
CSS
UK

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities in England by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 23 (4.89%) CMS
2 18 (3.83%) Adobe Experience Manager
3 13 (2.77%) Confluence
4 10 (2.13%) SharePoint
5 6 (1.28%) Headless CMS
5 6 (1.28%) Sitecore CMS
6 5 (1.06%) SugarCRM
6 5 (1.06%) Umbraco
7 3 (0.64%) WordPress
8 2 (0.43%) Apache
8 2 (0.43%) SharePoint Server
8 2 (0.43%) Tomcat
9 1 (0.21%) CICS
9 1 (0.21%) Cloud Foundry
9 1 (0.21%) Drupal
9 1 (0.21%) IIS
9 1 (0.21%) Joomla!
9 1 (0.21%) Mendix
9 1 (0.21%) Moodle
9 1 (0.21%) SAS
Applications
1 12 (2.55%) Adobe XD
1 12 (2.55%) Sketch
2 6 (1.28%) Maya
3 4 (0.85%) NUKE
4 3 (0.64%) Adobe After Effects
4 3 (0.64%) InVision
4 3 (0.64%) Microsoft Excel
4 3 (0.64%) Microsoft Office
4 3 (0.64%) Microsoft PowerPoint
4 3 (0.64%) MS Visio
4 3 (0.64%) Trello
5 2 (0.43%) Adobe Captivate
6 1 (0.21%) Adobe Creative Suite
6 1 (0.21%) Adobe Illustrator
6 1 (0.21%) Blender
6 1 (0.21%) CINEMA 4D
6 1 (0.21%) InDesign
6 1 (0.21%) Moqups
6 1 (0.21%) Photoshop
6 1 (0.21%) Spreadsheet
Business Applications
1 6 (1.28%) Payment Gateway
2 2 (0.43%) Oracle ERP
2 2 (0.43%) Shopify
3 1 (0.21%) Adobe Campaign
3 1 (0.21%) Dynamics CRM
3 1 (0.21%) Maximo
Cloud Services
1 112 (23.83%) Azure
2 101 (21.49%) AWS
3 56 (11.91%) GitHub
4 35 (7.45%) GCP
5 31 (6.60%) Figma
6 29 (6.17%) GitHub Actions
6 29 (6.17%) SaaS
7 26 (5.53%) npm
7 26 (5.53%) Serverless
8 24 (5.11%) Azure DevOps
9 20 (4.26%) Sauce Labs
10 18 (3.83%) Power Platform
11 17 (3.62%) Amazon S3
12 12 (2.55%) AWS Lambda
13 11 (2.34%) OpenShift
13 11 (2.34%) PowerApps
14 10 (2.13%) Power Automate
15 8 (1.70%) Entra ID
16 7 (1.49%) Amazon Cognito
16 7 (1.49%) Kontent
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.83%) Wireless
2 8 (1.70%) HTTP
3 4 (0.85%) DNS
4 3 (0.64%) Firewall
4 3 (0.64%) Internet
5 2 (0.43%) SMS
6 1 (0.21%) Bluetooth
6 1 (0.21%) DKIM
6 1 (0.21%) FTP
6 1 (0.21%) HTTPS
6 1 (0.21%) Intranet
6 1 (0.21%) POP3
6 1 (0.21%) SMTP
6 1 (0.21%) VoIP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 64 (13.62%) Relational Database
2 59 (12.55%) PostgreSQL
3 57 (12.13%) MySQL
4 44 (9.36%) SQL Server
5 30 (6.38%) NoSQL
6 25 (5.32%) MongoDB
7 20 (4.26%) Redis
8 10 (2.13%) Oracle Database
9 9 (1.91%) Amazon RDS
9 9 (1.91%) MariaDB
10 8 (1.70%) Power BI
11 6 (1.28%) Apache Cassandra
11 6 (1.28%) DynamoDB
12 5 (1.06%) DB2
12 5 (1.06%) Elasticsearch
13 4 (0.85%) RDBMS
13 4 (0.85%) Tableau
14 3 (0.64%) Data Warehouse
14 3 (0.64%) Mixpanel
15 2 (0.43%) Oracle BI Publisher
Development Applications
1 146 (31.06%) Git
2 53 (11.28%) JIRA
3 40 (8.51%) Jenkins
4 35 (7.45%) Browser DevTools
5 31 (6.60%) webpack
6 28 (5.96%) Xcode
7 27 (5.74%) Eclipse
8 26 (5.53%) Cypress.io
9 25 (5.32%) GitLab
10 21 (4.47%) JUnit
11 20 (4.26%) Android Studio
12 19 (4.04%) SonarQube
13 16 (3.40%) Maven
13 16 (3.40%) Mockito
14 15 (3.19%) Bitbucket
15 14 (2.98%) Postman
16 11 (2.34%) Artifactory
16 11 (2.34%) gulp
16 11 (2.34%) Selenium
17 10 (2.13%) Firebug
General
1 163 (34.68%) Social Skills
2 82 (17.45%) Finance
3 55 (11.70%) Public Sector
4 45 (9.57%) Banking
5 41 (8.72%) Analytical Skills
6 23 (4.89%) Marketing
7 12 (2.55%) Investment Banking
8 11 (2.34%) Presentation Skills
9 10 (2.13%) Military
10 7 (1.49%) Automotive
10 7 (1.49%) Documentation Skills
10 7 (1.49%) Front Office
10 7 (1.49%) Games
10 7 (1.49%) Manufacturing
10 7 (1.49%) Retail
11 5 (1.06%) Inclusion and Diversity
11 5 (1.06%) Publishing
12 4 (0.85%) Financial Institution
12 4 (0.85%) Legal
12 4 (0.85%) Telecoms
Job Titles
1 268 (57.02%) Developer
2 73 (15.53%) Full-Stack Developer
3 49 (10.43%) Senior
4 41 (8.72%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 33 (7.02%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
6 31 (6.60%) Support Engineer
6 31 (6.60%) Technical Engineer
6 31 (6.60%) Technical Support
6 31 (6.60%) Technical Support Engineer
7 29 (6.17%) Senior Developer
8 28 (5.96%) Java Developer
9 27 (5.74%) Lead
10 26 (5.53%) Full-Stack Engineer
10 26 (5.53%) React Developer
11 23 (4.89%) UX Engineer
12 21 (4.47%) Software Engineer
13 20 (4.26%) Designer
14 15 (3.19%) UI Developer
15 14 (2.98%) .NET Developer
15 14 (2.98%) Consultant
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 406 (86.38%) HTML
2 218 (46.38%) React
3 140 (29.79%) AngularJS
4 106 (22.55%) HTML5
5 91 (19.36%) REST
6 86 (18.30%) Node.js
7 85 (18.09%) RESTful
8 77 (16.38%) CSS3
9 68 (14.47%) .NET
10 57 (12.13%) Jest
11 54 (11.49%) Spring
12 52 (11.06%) Vue
13 45 (9.57%) Sass
14 43 (9.15%) JSON
15 40 (8.51%) Spring Boot
16 39 (8.30%) Bootstrap
17 37 (7.87%) jQuery
18 35 (7.45%) GraphQL
18 35 (7.45%) Redux
19 33 (7.02%) Ajax
Miscellaneous
1 55 (11.70%) Mobile App
2 24 (5.11%) Product Ownership
3 19 (4.04%) Data Structures
4 17 (3.62%) Distributed Systems
5 16 (3.40%) Cloud Native
6 15 (3.19%) Management Information System
7 14 (2.98%) Algorithms
8 11 (2.34%) Greenfield Project
9 10 (2.13%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
10 9 (1.91%) Low-Code
11 8 (1.70%) CMDB
11 8 (1.70%) Derivative
11 8 (1.70%) Onboarding
11 8 (1.70%) Reinsurance
12 7 (1.49%) Animation
13 6 (1.28%) Data Protection Act
13 6 (1.28%) Legacy Systems
14 5 (1.06%) Marketing Technology
15 4 (0.85%) Distributed Architecture
15 4 (0.85%) Virtual Reality
Operating Systems
1 40 (8.51%) Linux
2 32 (6.81%) Unix
3 30 (6.38%) Android
4 26 (5.53%) Windows
5 8 (1.70%) Apple iOS
6 4 (0.85%) Mac OS
7 3 (0.64%) CentOS
8 2 (0.43%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 1 (0.21%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 214 (45.53%) Agile
2 155 (32.98%) CI/CD
3 145 (30.85%) User Experience
4 125 (26.60%) Full-Stack Development
5 106 (22.55%) Front End Development
6 101 (21.49%) Problem-Solving
7 90 (19.15%) DevOps
8 81 (17.23%) Microservices
9 63 (13.40%) UX Design
10 62 (13.19%) TDD
11 60 (12.77%) Test Automation
12 49 (10.43%) MVC
12 49 (10.43%) Scrum
13 48 (10.21%) OO
14 47 (10.00%) Containerisation
15 46 (9.79%) Code Quality
16 43 (9.15%) SDLC
17 42 (8.94%) Computer Science
17 42 (8.94%) Software Engineering
18 41 (8.72%) Unit Testing
Programming Languages
1 361 (76.81%) JavaScript
2 138 (29.36%) Java
3 125 (26.60%) TypeScript
4 124 (26.38%) SQL
5 89 (18.94%) Python
6 53 (11.28%) C#
7 27 (5.74%) C++
8 24 (5.11%) Perl
9 19 (4.04%) PHP
10 16 (3.40%) Ruby
11 10 (2.13%) ABAP
11 10 (2.13%) Kotlin
11 10 (2.13%) PL/SQL
11 10 (2.13%) PowerShell
12 8 (1.70%) C
12 8 (1.70%) Groovy
13 7 (1.49%) JSX
13 7 (1.49%) Shell Script
14 6 (1.28%) Apex Code
15 5 (1.06%) COBOL
Qualifications
1 87 (18.51%) Security Cleared
2 62 (13.19%) SC Cleared
3 43 (9.15%) Degree
4 28 (5.96%) Computer Science Degree
5 7 (1.49%) BPSS Clearance
6 6 (1.28%) Master's Degree
7 5 (1.06%) Azure Certification
8 3 (0.64%) CCNA
8 3 (0.64%) Cisco Certification
8 3 (0.64%) DBS Check
8 3 (0.64%) DV Cleared
8 3 (0.64%) Network+ Certification
9 2 (0.43%) AWS Certification
9 2 (0.43%) ITIL Certification
9 2 (0.43%) Microsoft Certification
10 1 (0.21%) ISEB
10 1 (0.21%) ISTQB
10 1 (0.21%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 81 (17.23%) Accessibility
2 41 (8.72%) WCAG
3 38 (8.09%) QA
4 6 (1.28%) Data Quality
5 4 (0.85%) GDPR
6 2 (0.43%) California Consumer Privacy Act
6 2 (0.43%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 1 (0.21%) HMG Security Policy Framework
7 1 (0.21%) SLA
7 1 (0.21%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 75 (15.96%) Docker
2 4 (0.85%) Active Directory
3 3 (0.64%) ISA Server
Systems Management
1 53 (11.28%) Kubernetes
2 11 (2.34%) Argo
3 10 (2.13%) Terraform
4 5 (1.06%) Grafana
5 4 (0.85%) Single Sign-On
6 1 (0.21%) Ansible
6 1 (0.21%) Control-M
6 1 (0.21%) Kibana
6 1 (0.21%) logstash
Vendors
1 69 (14.68%) Oracle
2 67 (14.26%) Microsoft
3 37 (7.87%) Adobe
4 32 (6.81%) ServiceNow
5 29 (6.17%) Google
6 28 (5.96%) Splunk
7 18 (3.83%) SAP
8 16 (3.40%) Red Hat
9 15 (3.19%) Salesforce
10 8 (1.70%) GoldenSource
11 6 (1.28%) Amplitude
11 6 (1.28%) Atlassian
11 6 (1.28%) Dynatrace
11 6 (1.28%) Perforce
11 6 (1.28%) Sitecore
12 5 (1.06%) CA Agile Central
12 5 (1.06%) MuleSoft
12 5 (1.06%) OutSystems
13 4 (0.85%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
13 4 (0.85%) TIBCO