CSS Contract Job Trends in England

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK > England

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs advertised in England requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 29 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
29 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 171 100 106
Rank change year-on-year -71 +6 -36
Contract jobs citing CSS 506 758 852
As % of all contract jobs in England 1.65% 2.45% 2.19%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 7.26% 11.26% 9.98%
Number of daily rates quoted 334 468 623
10th Percentile £224 £250 £300
25th Percentile £351 £359 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £450 £475 £500
Median % change year-on-year -5.26% -5.00% -7.41%
75th Percentile £550 £590 £600
90th Percentile £638 £691 £712
UK median daily rate £450 £470 £490
% change year-on-year -4.26% -4.08% -6.67%
Number of hourly rates quoted 24 17 19
10th Percentile £31.70 £33.45 £25.59
25th Percentile £48.13 £54.63 £38.63
Median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £57.50
Median % change year-on-year -20.00% +8.70% -8.00%
75th Percentile £64.13 £70.00 £67.50
90th Percentile £67.00 - £70.73
UK median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £58.75
% change year-on-year -20.00% +6.38% -6.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
England

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills in England.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 6,968 6,730 8,539
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 22.69% 21.72% 21.92%
Number of daily rates quoted 4,693 4,269 6,227
10th Percentile £350 £360 £369
25th Percentile £413 £438 £450
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £505 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -8.18% - -5.16%
75th Percentile £625 £675 £675
90th Percentile £725 £800 £775
UK median daily rate £500 £550 £550
% change year-on-year -9.09% - -4.35%
Number of hourly rates quoted 174 105 179
10th Percentile £31.25 £26.25 £35.00
25th Percentile £43.00 £43.50 £46.18
Median hourly rate £57.40 £65.00 £53.00
Median % change year-on-year -11.69% +22.64% -18.46%
75th Percentile £65.00 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £77.43 £74.00 £78.00
UK median hourly rate £55.00 £65.00 £54.56
% change year-on-year -15.38% +19.13% -12.93%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised in England.

CSS job vacancy trend in England

CSS
Daily Rate Trend in England

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 29 November 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend in England

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in England citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS in England over the 6 months to 29 November 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in England

CSS
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the England region over the 6 months to 29 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
London -56 273 £500 - 251
South East -38 66 £208 -48.70% 260
North of England -54 64 £400 -17.10% 164
Midlands -38 41 £411 -13.42% 126
North West -26 32 £380 -17.39% 95
Yorkshire -32 30 £500 -4.76% 49
West Midlands -40 22 £419 -16.25% 80
South West +1 20 £435 +22.88% 75
East Midlands -2 18 £408 +12.26% 46
East of England -28 16 £475 +43.40% 84
North East -14 3 - - 22
CSS
UK

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities in England by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 23 (4.55%) CMS
2 22 (4.35%) Confluence
3 14 (2.77%) Adobe Experience Manager
3 14 (2.77%) SharePoint
4 6 (1.19%) Headless CMS
4 6 (1.19%) Sitecore CMS
4 6 (1.19%) Tomcat
5 5 (0.99%) Apache
5 5 (0.99%) SugarCRM
5 5 (0.99%) Umbraco
6 3 (0.59%) Apache Spark
6 3 (0.59%) nginx
6 3 (0.59%) WordPress
7 2 (0.40%) SharePoint Server
8 1 (0.20%) CICS
8 1 (0.20%) Cloud Foundry
8 1 (0.20%) Drupal
8 1 (0.20%) Mendix
8 1 (0.20%) Moodle
8 1 (0.20%) SAS
Applications
1 11 (2.17%) Adobe XD
1 11 (2.17%) Maya
1 11 (2.17%) Sketch
2 7 (1.38%) NUKE
3 6 (1.19%) Microsoft Office
4 4 (0.79%) Adobe Captivate
4 4 (0.79%) Microsoft Excel
5 3 (0.59%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 3 (0.59%) MS Visio
6 2 (0.40%) Adobe After Effects
6 2 (0.40%) Adobe Illustrator
6 2 (0.40%) InDesign
6 2 (0.40%) InVision
6 2 (0.40%) Photoshop
6 2 (0.40%) Trello
7 1 (0.20%) Adobe Creative Suite
7 1 (0.20%) Chatbot
7 1 (0.20%) Moqups
7 1 (0.20%) Spreadsheet
7 1 (0.20%) UserZoom
Business Applications
1 6 (1.19%) Payment Gateway
2 4 (0.79%) Shopify
3 2 (0.40%) Dynamics CRM
3 2 (0.40%) Oracle ERP
4 1 (0.20%) Maximo
4 1 (0.20%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.20%) Sprinklr
Cloud Services
1 120 (23.72%) Azure
2 104 (20.55%) AWS
3 55 (10.87%) GitHub
4 35 (6.92%) GCP
5 28 (5.53%) Figma
5 28 (5.53%) GitHub Actions
5 28 (5.53%) SaaS
6 25 (4.94%) npm
7 24 (4.74%) Azure DevOps
8 23 (4.55%) Power Platform
8 23 (4.55%) Serverless
9 18 (3.56%) Sauce Labs
10 15 (2.96%) PowerApps
11 14 (2.77%) Amazon S3
11 14 (2.77%) Power Automate
12 12 (2.37%) AWS Lambda
13 11 (2.17%) OpenShift
14 8 (1.58%) Dynamics 365
14 8 (1.58%) Google Analytics
15 7 (1.38%) Amazon Cognito
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.56%) Wireless
2 9 (1.78%) HTTP
3 4 (0.79%) DNS
4 3 (0.59%) Bluetooth
4 3 (0.59%) Firewall
4 3 (0.59%) Internet
5 1 (0.20%) DKIM
5 1 (0.20%) FTP
5 1 (0.20%) Intranet
5 1 (0.20%) POP3
5 1 (0.20%) SMTP
5 1 (0.20%) VoIP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 58 (11.46%) PostgreSQL
1 58 (11.46%) Relational Database
2 55 (10.87%) MySQL
3 53 (10.47%) SQL Server
4 28 (5.53%) NoSQL
5 25 (4.94%) MongoDB
6 20 (3.95%) Redis
7 10 (1.98%) Power BI
8 9 (1.78%) Amazon RDS
8 9 (1.78%) Oracle Database
9 8 (1.58%) MariaDB
10 6 (1.19%) Data Warehouse
11 5 (0.99%) Apache Cassandra
11 5 (0.99%) DB2
11 5 (0.99%) Elasticsearch
12 4 (0.79%) Spark SQL
12 4 (0.79%) Tableau
13 3 (0.59%) Data Lake
13 3 (0.59%) DynamoDB
13 3 (0.59%) Mixpanel
Development Applications
1 162 (32.02%) Git
2 61 (12.06%) JIRA
3 44 (8.70%) Jenkins
4 32 (6.32%) Browser DevTools
5 31 (6.13%) webpack
6 28 (5.53%) GitLab
7 27 (5.34%) Xcode
8 26 (5.14%) Cypress.io
8 26 (5.14%) Eclipse
9 23 (4.55%) JUnit
10 22 (4.35%) SonarQube
11 20 (3.95%) Maven
12 19 (3.75%) Bitbucket
13 18 (3.56%) Android Studio
13 18 (3.56%) Mockito
14 15 (2.96%) Cucumber
14 15 (2.96%) Mocha
14 15 (2.96%) Selenium
15 14 (2.77%) Postman
16 13 (2.57%) Jasmine
General
1 170 (33.60%) Social Skills
2 90 (17.79%) Finance
3 53 (10.47%) Public Sector
4 51 (10.08%) Analytical Skills
5 47 (9.29%) Banking
6 28 (5.53%) Marketing
7 13 (2.57%) Automotive
7 13 (2.57%) Games
8 11 (2.17%) Retail
9 10 (1.98%) Military
10 9 (1.78%) Investment Banking
10 9 (1.78%) Manufacturing
10 9 (1.78%) Presentation Skills
11 8 (1.58%) Documentation Skills
11 8 (1.58%) Legal
12 6 (1.19%) Publishing
12 6 (1.19%) Telecoms
13 5 (0.99%) Aerospace
13 5 (0.99%) Front Office
13 5 (0.99%) Inclusion and Diversity
Job Titles
1 292 (57.71%) Developer
2 73 (14.43%) Full-Stack Developer
3 52 (10.28%) Senior
4 42 (8.30%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 33 (6.52%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
6 29 (5.73%) React Developer
6 29 (5.73%) Support Engineer
6 29 (5.73%) Technical Engineer
6 29 (5.73%) Technical Support
6 29 (5.73%) Technical Support Engineer
7 28 (5.53%) Java Developer
7 28 (5.53%) Senior Developer
8 27 (5.34%) Lead
9 23 (4.55%) Angular Developer
9 23 (4.55%) Designer
9 23 (4.55%) Full-Stack Engineer
10 21 (4.15%) UX Engineer
11 19 (3.75%) Software Engineer
12 18 (3.56%) UI Developer
13 17 (3.36%) UX Designer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 446 (88.14%) HTML
2 222 (43.87%) React
3 146 (28.85%) AngularJS
4 113 (22.33%) HTML5
5 106 (20.95%) REST
6 88 (17.39%) Node.js
7 87 (17.19%) RESTful
8 81 (16.01%) CSS3
9 73 (14.43%) .NET
10 63 (12.45%) Jest
11 55 (10.87%) Vue
12 50 (9.88%) Spring
13 48 (9.49%) jQuery
14 45 (8.89%) JSON
15 44 (8.70%) Sass
16 43 (8.50%) Bootstrap
17 41 (8.10%) Redux
18 39 (7.71%) Spring Boot
19 32 (6.32%) .NET Framework
19 32 (6.32%) GraphQL
Miscellaneous
1 59 (11.66%) Mobile App
2 29 (5.73%) Product Ownership
3 21 (4.15%) Data Structures
3 21 (4.15%) Management Information System
4 17 (3.36%) Cloud Native
4 17 (3.36%) Distributed Systems
5 15 (2.96%) Algorithms
6 12 (2.37%) Animation
7 11 (2.17%) Greenfield Project
8 9 (1.78%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
8 9 (1.78%) Low-Code
9 8 (1.58%) Reinsurance
9 8 (1.58%) Virtual Team
10 7 (1.38%) CMDB
10 7 (1.38%) Data Protection Act
10 7 (1.38%) Derivative
11 6 (1.19%) Enterprise Software
11 6 (1.19%) Legacy Systems
11 6 (1.19%) Marketing Technology
11 6 (1.19%) Onboarding
Operating Systems
1 36 (7.11%) Android
1 36 (7.11%) Linux
2 31 (6.13%) Unix
3 22 (4.35%) Windows
4 16 (3.16%) Apple iOS
5 4 (0.79%) Mac OS
6 3 (0.59%) CentOS
7 2 (0.40%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 2 (0.40%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 233 (46.05%) Agile
2 160 (31.62%) CI/CD
3 145 (28.66%) User Experience
4 120 (23.72%) Full-Stack Development
5 116 (22.92%) Front End Development
6 114 (22.53%) Problem-Solving
7 96 (18.97%) DevOps
8 81 (16.01%) Microservices
9 65 (12.85%) Test Automation
9 65 (12.85%) UX Design
10 64 (12.65%) TDD
11 59 (11.66%) Scrum
12 50 (9.88%) Computer Science
13 49 (9.68%) Code Quality
13 49 (9.68%) MVC
14 47 (9.29%) Containerisation
14 47 (9.29%) Unit Testing
15 46 (9.09%) OO
16 44 (8.70%) SDLC
17 41 (8.10%) Software Engineering
Programming Languages
1 393 (77.67%) JavaScript
2 145 (28.66%) Java
3 137 (27.08%) SQL
4 130 (25.69%) TypeScript
5 99 (19.57%) Python
6 61 (12.06%) C#
7 31 (6.13%) C++
8 22 (4.35%) Perl
9 20 (3.95%) PHP
10 17 (3.36%) Ruby
11 11 (2.17%) Kotlin
11 11 (2.17%) PL/SQL
11 11 (2.17%) PowerShell
12 10 (1.98%) ABAP
13 9 (1.78%) C
14 8 (1.58%) Groovy
15 7 (1.38%) JSX
15 7 (1.38%) Shell Script
15 7 (1.38%) Tcl
16 6 (1.19%) Apex Code
Qualifications
1 89 (17.59%) Security Cleared
2 62 (12.25%) SC Cleared
3 48 (9.49%) Degree
4 32 (6.32%) Computer Science Degree
5 9 (1.78%) BPSS Clearance
6 5 (0.99%) Azure Certification
7 4 (0.79%) DBS Check
7 4 (0.79%) DV Cleared
8 3 (0.59%) CCNA
8 3 (0.59%) Cisco Certification
8 3 (0.59%) ITIL Certification
8 3 (0.59%) Network+ Certification
9 2 (0.40%) AWS Certification
9 2 (0.40%) Master's Degree
10 1 (0.20%) ISEB
10 1 (0.20%) ISTQB
10 1 (0.20%) Microsoft Certification
10 1 (0.20%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 85 (16.80%) Accessibility
2 40 (7.91%) QA
3 37 (7.31%) WCAG
4 6 (1.19%) Data Quality
5 4 (0.79%) GDPR
6 2 (0.40%) California Consumer Privacy Act
6 2 (0.40%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 1 (0.20%) HMG Security Policy Framework
7 1 (0.20%) SLA
7 1 (0.20%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 75 (14.82%) Docker
2 6 (1.19%) Active Directory
3 1 (0.20%) ISA Server
Systems Management
1 55 (10.87%) Kubernetes
2 11 (2.17%) Argo
3 10 (1.98%) Terraform
4 8 (1.58%) Single Sign-On
5 5 (0.99%) Grafana
6 1 (0.20%) Active Directory Federation Services
6 1 (0.20%) Ansible
6 1 (0.20%) Control-M
6 1 (0.20%) Kibana
6 1 (0.20%) logstash
Vendors
1 75 (14.82%) Microsoft
2 66 (13.04%) Oracle
3 37 (7.31%) ServiceNow
4 33 (6.52%) Google
5 32 (6.32%) Adobe
6 24 (4.74%) Splunk
7 18 (3.56%) SAP
8 16 (3.16%) Red Hat
8 16 (3.16%) Salesforce
9 8 (1.58%) GoldenSource
10 6 (1.19%) Amplitude
10 6 (1.19%) Atlassian
10 6 (1.19%) Dynatrace
10 6 (1.19%) Perforce
10 6 (1.19%) Sitecore
10 6 (1.19%) Veracode
11 5 (0.99%) CA Agile Central
11 5 (0.99%) OutSystems
11 5 (0.99%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
12 4 (0.79%) Foundry