CSS Contract Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 21 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
21 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 187 93 106
Rank change year-on-year -94 +13 -32
Contract jobs citing CSS 561 858 983
As % of all contract jobs in the UK 1.53% 2.53% 2.24%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 6.82% 11.52% 10.19%
Number of daily rates quoted 372 545 715
10th Percentile £263 £264 £310
25th Percentile £363 £356 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £469 £472 £500
Median % change year-on-year -0.58% -5.70% -4.76%
75th Percentile £569 £585 £588
90th Percentile £645 £673 £708
UK excluding London median daily rate £410 £435 £458
% change year-on-year -5.75% -5.06% -6.15%
Number of hourly rates quoted 15 14 23
10th Percentile £28.80 £28.35 £26.80
25th Percentile £46.25 £39.44 £46.09
Median hourly rate £50.00 £61.50 £60.00
Median % change year-on-year -18.70% +2.50% -7.69%
75th Percentile £66.75 £62.50 £70.00
90th Percentile £67.00 £68.13 £72.92
UK excluding London median hourly rate £56.75 £62.50 £58.75
% change year-on-year -9.20% +6.38% -6.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 8,225 7,446 9,651
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 22.39% 21.93% 22.03%
Number of daily rates quoted 5,450 4,726 6,854
10th Percentile £354 £350 £363
25th Percentile £413 £425 £438
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £508 £545 £550
Median % change year-on-year -6.88% -0.91% -4.35%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £650
90th Percentile £725 £775 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £488 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -2.50% - -4.76%
Number of hourly rates quoted 201 93 173
10th Percentile £30.75 £21.40 £32.60
25th Percentile £43.00 £35.00 £46.18
Median hourly rate £58.00 £62.50 £52.50
Median % change year-on-year -7.20% +19.05% -19.23%
75th Percentile £67.00 £65.75 £70.00
90th Percentile £81.00 £74.97 £78.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £63.25 £65.00 £51.89
% change year-on-year -2.69% +25.26% -20.17%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Daily Rate Trend

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 21 December 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 21 December 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Contract Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 21 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -88 474 £470 -1.05% 576
London -63 263 £513 +1.74% 155
UK excluding London -79 218 £410 -5.75% 542
Work from Home -76 192 £475 +16.14% 206
South East -50 62 £208 -49.27% 146
North of England -42 58 £450 -4.76% 147
Midlands -49 34 £504 +6.05% 91
Yorkshire -33 31 £494 -11.16% 52
North West -37 25 £394 -16.22% 78
Scotland -33 24 £463 +3.93% 27
West Midlands -48 23 £400 -23.81% 55
South West -19 16 £400 +12.68% 53
East of England -27 16 £475 +58.33% 74
East Midlands -12 11 £550 +51.52% 36
Wales +2 8 £425 -10.53% 14
North East -14 3 - - 20
Northern Ireland -8 1 - - 3

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 26 (4.63%) CMS
2 21 (3.74%) Adobe Experience Manager
3 12 (2.14%) Confluence
3 12 (2.14%) SharePoint
3 12 (2.14%) SugarCRM
4 7 (1.25%) WordPress
5 6 (1.07%) Headless CMS
5 6 (1.07%) Sitecore CMS
6 5 (0.89%) Umbraco
7 3 (0.53%) Drupal
8 2 (0.36%) Apache
8 2 (0.36%) SharePoint Server
8 2 (0.36%) SilverStripe
8 2 (0.36%) Tomcat
9 1 (0.18%) Cloud Foundry
9 1 (0.18%) GeoServer
9 1 (0.18%) Mendix
9 1 (0.18%) Moodle
9 1 (0.18%) SharePoint 2013
9 1 (0.18%) Skype for Business
Applications
1 15 (2.67%) Adobe XD
1 15 (2.67%) Sketch
2 5 (0.89%) Adobe After Effects
2 5 (0.89%) Microsoft Excel
3 4 (0.71%) InVision
3 4 (0.71%) Maya
3 4 (0.71%) Trello
4 3 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
4 3 (0.53%) MS Visio
4 3 (0.53%) NUKE
5 2 (0.36%) Adobe Creative Suite
5 2 (0.36%) Blender
5 2 (0.36%) CINEMA 4D
5 2 (0.36%) Microsoft Office
5 2 (0.36%) Photoshop
6 1 (0.18%) Adobe Captivate
6 1 (0.18%) Adobe Illustrator
6 1 (0.18%) Adobe Premiere
6 1 (0.18%) InDesign
6 1 (0.18%) Spreadsheet
Business Applications
1 6 (1.07%) Payment Gateway
2 3 (0.53%) Shopify
3 2 (0.36%) Adobe Campaign
3 2 (0.36%) Dynamics CRM
3 2 (0.36%) Oracle ERP
3 2 (0.36%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.18%) Maximo
4 1 (0.18%) Sonata
4 1 (0.18%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 137 (24.42%) Azure
2 119 (21.21%) AWS
3 55 (9.80%) GitHub
4 40 (7.13%) Figma
5 34 (6.06%) GCP
6 30 (5.35%) SaaS
6 30 (5.35%) Serverless
7 29 (5.17%) GitHub Actions
8 25 (4.46%) Azure DevOps
8 25 (4.46%) npm
9 22 (3.92%) Amazon S3
10 21 (3.74%) Power Platform
10 21 (3.74%) Sauce Labs
11 17 (3.03%) AWS Lambda
12 14 (2.50%) OpenShift
13 10 (1.78%) Dynamics 365
13 10 (1.78%) Power Automate
13 10 (1.78%) PowerApps
14 9 (1.60%) AWS CloudFormation
15 8 (1.43%) Entra ID
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.21%) Wireless
2 8 (1.43%) HTTP
3 3 (0.53%) DNS
3 3 (0.53%) Firewall
3 3 (0.53%) Internet
3 3 (0.53%) SMS
4 2 (0.36%) HTTPS
5 1 (0.18%) BGP
5 1 (0.18%) Bluetooth
5 1 (0.18%) FTP
5 1 (0.18%) Intranet
5 1 (0.18%) LAN
5 1 (0.18%) Network Security
5 1 (0.18%) OSPF
5 1 (0.18%) POP3
5 1 (0.18%) Reverse Proxy
5 1 (0.18%) SMTP
5 1 (0.18%) SSL
5 1 (0.18%) VoIP
5 1 (0.18%) WAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 73 (13.01%) MySQL
2 67 (11.94%) PostgreSQL
2 67 (11.94%) Relational Database
3 48 (8.56%) SQL Server
4 32 (5.70%) NoSQL
5 26 (4.63%) MongoDB
6 22 (3.92%) Redis
7 10 (1.78%) Amazon RDS
7 10 (1.78%) MariaDB
7 10 (1.78%) Oracle Database
8 8 (1.43%) Power BI
9 7 (1.25%) Apache Cassandra
10 6 (1.07%) Amazon Aurora
10 6 (1.07%) DynamoDB
11 5 (0.89%) DB2
11 5 (0.89%) Elasticsearch
11 5 (0.89%) RDBMS
12 4 (0.71%) Data Warehouse
12 4 (0.71%) Tableau
13 3 (0.53%) Mixpanel
Development Applications
1 157 (27.99%) Git
2 62 (11.05%) JIRA
3 47 (8.38%) Jenkins
4 35 (6.24%) Browser DevTools
5 33 (5.88%) webpack
6 29 (5.17%) Cypress.io
6 29 (5.17%) GitLab
6 29 (5.17%) Xcode
7 28 (4.99%) Eclipse
8 21 (3.74%) Android Studio
8 21 (3.74%) JUnit
9 16 (2.85%) Maven
10 15 (2.67%) Mockito
10 15 (2.67%) Postman
10 15 (2.67%) SonarQube
11 13 (2.32%) Bitbucket
11 13 (2.32%) Selenium
11 13 (2.32%) Storybook
12 11 (1.96%) Artifactory
12 11 (1.96%) Visual Studio
General
1 188 (33.51%) Social Skills
2 89 (15.86%) Finance
3 87 (15.51%) Public Sector
4 45 (8.02%) Banking
5 38 (6.77%) Analytical Skills
6 34 (6.06%) Marketing
7 13 (2.32%) Investment Banking
8 12 (2.14%) Presentation Skills
9 10 (1.78%) Military
10 8 (1.43%) Manufacturing
11 7 (1.25%) Documentation Skills
11 7 (1.25%) Front Office
11 7 (1.25%) Inclusion and Diversity
12 6 (1.07%) Retail
13 5 (0.89%) Advertising
13 5 (0.89%) Automotive
13 5 (0.89%) Games
13 5 (0.89%) Publishing
14 4 (0.71%) Legal
14 4 (0.71%) Telecoms
Job Titles
1 324 (57.75%) Developer
2 74 (13.19%) Full-Stack Developer
3 65 (11.59%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
4 60 (10.70%) Senior
5 39 (6.95%) Designer
6 36 (6.42%) Senior Developer
7 34 (6.06%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
7 34 (6.06%) Lead
8 32 (5.70%) Support Engineer
8 32 (5.70%) Technical Engineer
8 32 (5.70%) Technical Support
8 32 (5.70%) Technical Support Engineer
9 31 (5.53%) Java Developer
10 29 (5.17%) React Developer
11 28 (4.99%) Full-Stack Engineer
12 24 (4.28%) UX Engineer
13 21 (3.74%) Software Engineer
14 20 (3.57%) UX Designer
15 18 (3.21%) Consultant
16 17 (3.03%) .NET Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 494 (88.06%) HTML
2 242 (43.14%) React
3 158 (28.16%) AngularJS
4 116 (20.68%) HTML5
5 112 (19.96%) REST
6 99 (17.65%) RESTful
7 93 (16.58%) Node.js
8 83 (14.80%) CSS3
9 82 (14.62%) .NET
10 57 (10.16%) Spring
11 55 (9.80%) Jest
12 54 (9.63%) Vue
13 42 (7.49%) JSON
13 42 (7.49%) Redux
13 42 (7.49%) Sass
14 41 (7.31%) Spring Boot
15 39 (6.95%) GraphQL
16 38 (6.77%) jQuery
16 38 (6.77%) SOAP
17 37 (6.60%) Bootstrap
Miscellaneous
1 59 (10.52%) Mobile App
2 32 (5.70%) Product Ownership
3 19 (3.39%) Data Structures
4 17 (3.03%) Distributed Systems
4 17 (3.03%) Management Information System
5 16 (2.85%) Cloud Native
6 15 (2.67%) Algorithms
7 13 (2.32%) Greenfield Project
8 10 (1.78%) CMDB
8 10 (1.78%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
8 10 (1.78%) Low-Code
9 8 (1.43%) Derivative
9 8 (1.43%) Legacy Systems
9 8 (1.43%) Onboarding
9 8 (1.43%) Reinsurance
10 6 (1.07%) Animation
10 6 (1.07%) Data Protection Act
11 4 (0.71%) Digital Media
11 4 (0.71%) Enterprise Software
11 4 (0.71%) Marketing Technology
Operating Systems
1 41 (7.31%) Linux
2 33 (5.88%) Unix
3 30 (5.35%) Android
4 28 (4.99%) Windows
5 7 (1.25%) Apple iOS
6 4 (0.71%) Mac OS
7 3 (0.53%) CentOS
8 2 (0.36%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 1 (0.18%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 264 (47.06%) Agile
2 184 (32.80%) User Experience
3 181 (32.26%) CI/CD
4 140 (24.96%) Front End Development
5 129 (22.99%) Full-Stack Development
6 111 (19.79%) Problem-Solving
7 102 (18.18%) DevOps
8 92 (16.40%) Microservices
9 83 (14.80%) UX Design
10 64 (11.41%) TDD
11 63 (11.23%) Test Automation
12 61 (10.87%) MVC
13 59 (10.52%) Scrum
14 51 (9.09%) Containerisation
15 49 (8.73%) OO
16 48 (8.56%) API Integration
16 48 (8.56%) Design Patterns
17 47 (8.38%) Software Engineering
18 46 (8.20%) Computer Science
19 45 (8.02%) SDLC
Programming Languages
1 423 (75.40%) JavaScript
2 148 (26.38%) Java
3 145 (25.85%) TypeScript
4 137 (24.42%) SQL
5 90 (16.04%) Python
6 65 (11.59%) C#
7 33 (5.88%) PHP
8 25 (4.46%) C++
8 25 (4.46%) Perl
9 17 (3.03%) Ruby
10 13 (2.32%) ABAP
11 12 (2.14%) PowerShell
12 10 (1.78%) PL/SQL
13 9 (1.60%) Kotlin
14 8 (1.43%) Apex Code
14 8 (1.43%) C
14 8 (1.43%) Groovy
14 8 (1.43%) Shell Script
15 7 (1.25%) JSX
16 5 (0.89%) COBOL
Qualifications
1 100 (17.83%) Security Cleared
2 75 (13.37%) SC Cleared
3 59 (10.52%) Degree
4 32 (5.70%) Computer Science Degree
5 19 (3.39%) BPSS Clearance
6 7 (1.25%) Master's Degree
7 4 (0.71%) Azure Certification
8 3 (0.53%) Cisco Certification
8 3 (0.53%) DBS Check
8 3 (0.53%) DV Cleared
9 2 (0.36%) AWS Certification
9 2 (0.36%) CCNA
9 2 (0.36%) ITIL Certification
9 2 (0.36%) MCP
9 2 (0.36%) Microsoft Certification
9 2 (0.36%) Network+ Certification
10 1 (0.18%) CCNP
10 1 (0.18%) ISEB
10 1 (0.18%) ISTQB
10 1 (0.18%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 109 (19.43%) Accessibility
2 49 (8.73%) WCAG
3 46 (8.20%) QA
4 8 (1.43%) GDPR
5 5 (0.89%) Data Quality
6 3 (0.53%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 2 (0.36%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 2 (0.36%) Disclosure Scotland
7 2 (0.36%) SLA
8 1 (0.18%) HMG Security Policy Framework
8 1 (0.18%) Sarbanes-Oxley
8 1 (0.18%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 81 (14.44%) Docker
2 4 (0.71%) Active Directory
3 3 (0.53%) ISA Server
4 1 (0.18%) Varnish
Systems Management
1 56 (9.98%) Kubernetes
2 12 (2.14%) Terraform
3 11 (1.96%) Argo
4 7 (1.25%) Grafana
5 4 (0.71%) Single Sign-On
6 1 (0.18%) Ansible
6 1 (0.18%) Control-M
6 1 (0.18%) Kibana
6 1 (0.18%) logstash
6 1 (0.18%) Prometheus
Vendors
1 74 (13.19%) Oracle
2 70 (12.48%) Microsoft
3 47 (8.38%) Adobe
4 36 (6.42%) ServiceNow
5 31 (5.53%) Google
6 30 (5.35%) Splunk
7 24 (4.28%) Salesforce
7 24 (4.28%) SAP
8 16 (2.85%) Red Hat
9 8 (1.43%) GoldenSource
10 7 (1.25%) Dynatrace
10 7 (1.25%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
11 6 (1.07%) Atlassian
11 6 (1.07%) MuleSoft
11 6 (1.07%) Sitecore
12 5 (0.89%) Amplitude
12 5 (0.89%) CA Agile Central
12 5 (0.89%) OutSystems
13 4 (0.71%) Hotjar
13 4 (0.71%) IBM