CSS Contract Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 27 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
27 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 173 90 107
Rank change year-on-year -83 +17 -36
Contract jobs citing CSS 603 929 1,028
As % of all contract jobs in the UK 1.67% 2.53% 2.27%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 7.32% 11.62% 10.22%
Number of daily rates quoted 397 597 756
10th Percentile £262 £263 £305
25th Percentile £358 £350 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £450 £470 £489
Median % change year-on-year -4.26% -3.84% -6.90%
75th Percentile £550 £585 £588
90th Percentile £638 £661 £700
UK excluding London median daily rate £405 £423 £463
% change year-on-year -4.14% -8.65% -6.75%
Number of hourly rates quoted 24 17 20
10th Percentile £31.70 £33.45 £26.18
25th Percentile £48.13 £54.63 £42.31
Median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £58.75
Median % change year-on-year -20.00% +6.38% -6.00%
75th Percentile £64.13 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £67.00 - £73.96
UK excluding London median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £55.00
% change year-on-year -20.00% +13.64% -12.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 8,233 7,997 10,056
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 22.79% 21.80% 22.17%
Number of daily rates quoted 5,463 5,033 7,178
10th Percentile £350 £353 £363
25th Percentile £413 £425 £440
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £500 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -9.09% - -4.35%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £650
90th Percentile £724 £775 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £485 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -3.00% - -4.76%
Number of hourly rates quoted 192 122 186
10th Percentile £30.80 £22.00 £35.00
25th Percentile £43.00 £37.13 £46.18
Median hourly rate £55.00 £65.00 £54.78
Median % change year-on-year -15.38% +18.66% -13.05%
75th Percentile £65.00 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £77.50 £74.00 £78.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £64.00 £65.00 £52.50
% change year-on-year -1.54% +23.81% -19.23%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Daily Rate Trend

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 27 November 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 27 November 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Contract Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 27 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -67 517 £450 -5.26% 844
London -58 281 £485 -3.00% 254
UK excluding London -76 244 £405 -4.14% 773
Work from Home -73 198 £472 +12.38% 251
South East -46 66 £208 -48.13% 259
North of England -49 65 £400 -18.37% 162
Midlands -31 43 £408 -14.21% 126
North West -24 33 £380 -18.28% 95
Yorkshire -42 30 £500 -4.76% 49
Scotland -26 27 £463 +8.82% 35
West Midlands -45 22 £419 -16.25% 82
East Midlands 0 20 £404 +11.16% 44
South West -8 20 £413 +16.53% 77
East of England -27 16 £475 +43.40% 84
Wales +3 7 £425 -2.86% 33
North East -15 3 - - 20
Northern Ireland - 1 - - 6

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 25 (4.15%) CMS
2 23 (3.81%) Confluence
3 17 (2.82%) SharePoint
4 14 (2.32%) Adobe Experience Manager
5 12 (1.99%) SugarCRM
6 7 (1.16%) Headless CMS
6 7 (1.16%) WordPress
7 6 (1.00%) Sitecore CMS
7 6 (1.00%) Tomcat
8 5 (0.83%) Apache
8 5 (0.83%) Umbraco
9 4 (0.66%) Drupal
10 3 (0.50%) Apache Spark
10 3 (0.50%) nginx
11 2 (0.33%) SharePoint Server
11 2 (0.33%) SilverStripe
12 1 (0.17%) IIS
12 1 (0.17%) JBoss
12 1 (0.17%) Moodle
12 1 (0.17%) Oracle Spatial
Applications
1 14 (2.32%) Sketch
2 13 (2.16%) Adobe XD
3 11 (1.82%) Maya
4 7 (1.16%) Microsoft Office
4 7 (1.16%) NUKE
5 6 (1.00%) Microsoft Excel
6 4 (0.66%) Adobe Captivate
7 3 (0.50%) Adobe After Effects
7 3 (0.50%) InVision
7 3 (0.50%) Microsoft PowerPoint
7 3 (0.50%) MS Visio
8 2 (0.33%) Adobe Creative Suite
8 2 (0.33%) Adobe Illustrator
8 2 (0.33%) Blender
8 2 (0.33%) CINEMA 4D
8 2 (0.33%) InDesign
8 2 (0.33%) Photoshop
9 1 (0.17%) Moqups
9 1 (0.17%) Spreadsheet
9 1 (0.17%) Trello
Business Applications
1 6 (1.00%) Payment Gateway
2 5 (0.83%) Dynamics CRM
2 5 (0.83%) Shopify
3 2 (0.33%) Oracle ERP
4 1 (0.17%) Maximo
4 1 (0.17%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.17%) Sonata
4 1 (0.17%) Sprinklr
4 1 (0.17%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 146 (24.21%) Azure
2 127 (21.06%) AWS
3 60 (9.95%) GitHub
4 35 (5.80%) Figma
5 33 (5.47%) GCP
6 32 (5.31%) Power Platform
6 32 (5.31%) Serverless
7 29 (4.81%) Azure DevOps
7 29 (4.81%) GitHub Actions
7 29 (4.81%) SaaS
8 27 (4.48%) npm
9 20 (3.32%) Amazon S3
9 20 (3.32%) AWS Lambda
10 18 (2.99%) Power Automate
10 18 (2.99%) PowerApps
10 18 (2.99%) Sauce Labs
11 15 (2.49%) OpenShift
12 13 (2.16%) Dynamics 365
13 9 (1.49%) AWS CloudFormation
13 9 (1.49%) Google Analytics
Communications & Networking
1 18 (2.99%) Wireless
2 11 (1.82%) HTTP
3 6 (1.00%) DNS
4 3 (0.50%) Bluetooth
4 3 (0.50%) DKIM
4 3 (0.50%) Firewall
4 3 (0.50%) Internet
5 1 (0.17%) FTP
5 1 (0.17%) HTTPS
5 1 (0.17%) Intranet
5 1 (0.17%) POP3
5 1 (0.17%) SMTP
5 1 (0.17%) VoIP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 69 (11.44%) MySQL
2 66 (10.95%) PostgreSQL
3 65 (10.78%) SQL Server
4 62 (10.28%) Relational Database
5 35 (5.80%) NoSQL
6 29 (4.81%) MongoDB
7 22 (3.65%) Redis
8 14 (2.32%) Power BI
9 10 (1.66%) Amazon RDS
9 10 (1.66%) Oracle Database
10 9 (1.49%) Apache Cassandra
10 9 (1.49%) MariaDB
11 6 (1.00%) Amazon Aurora
11 6 (1.00%) Data Warehouse
12 5 (0.83%) DB2
12 5 (0.83%) DynamoDB
12 5 (0.83%) Elasticsearch
13 4 (0.66%) Spark SQL
13 4 (0.66%) Tableau
14 3 (0.50%) GIS
Development Applications
1 182 (30.18%) Git
2 73 (12.11%) JIRA
3 52 (8.62%) Jenkins
4 37 (6.14%) webpack
5 33 (5.47%) Cypress.io
6 32 (5.31%) Browser DevTools
7 30 (4.98%) GitLab
8 28 (4.64%) JUnit
9 27 (4.48%) Xcode
10 26 (4.31%) Eclipse
11 22 (3.65%) SonarQube
12 21 (3.48%) Maven
13 20 (3.32%) Bitbucket
14 19 (3.15%) Mockito
15 18 (2.99%) Android Studio
16 17 (2.82%) Selenium
17 15 (2.49%) Cucumber
17 15 (2.49%) Mocha
18 14 (2.32%) Jasmine
18 14 (2.32%) Postman
General
1 197 (32.67%) Social Skills
2 100 (16.58%) Finance
3 81 (13.43%) Public Sector
4 55 (9.12%) Analytical Skills
5 49 (8.13%) Banking
6 37 (6.14%) Marketing
7 13 (2.16%) Automotive
7 13 (2.16%) Games
8 12 (1.99%) Retail
9 11 (1.82%) Legal
10 10 (1.66%) Inclusion and Diversity
10 10 (1.66%) Manufacturing
10 10 (1.66%) Military
10 10 (1.66%) Presentation Skills
11 9 (1.49%) Investment Banking
12 8 (1.33%) Documentation Skills
13 7 (1.16%) Telecoms
14 6 (1.00%) Publishing
15 5 (0.83%) Aerospace
15 5 (0.83%) Front Office
Job Titles
1 352 (58.37%) Developer
2 79 (13.10%) Full-Stack Developer
3 61 (10.12%) Senior
4 57 (9.45%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 37 (6.14%) Designer
6 36 (5.97%) Lead
7 34 (5.64%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
7 34 (5.64%) Java Developer
8 32 (5.31%) React Developer
9 31 (5.14%) Senior Developer
10 29 (4.81%) Support Engineer
10 29 (4.81%) Technical Engineer
10 29 (4.81%) Technical Support
10 29 (4.81%) Technical Support Engineer
11 26 (4.31%) Angular Developer
11 26 (4.31%) Full-Stack Engineer
12 23 (3.81%) UI Developer
12 23 (3.81%) UX Designer
13 21 (3.48%) Software Engineer
13 21 (3.48%) UX Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 535 (88.72%) HTML
2 250 (41.46%) React
3 159 (26.37%) AngularJS
4 131 (21.72%) REST
5 129 (21.39%) HTML5
6 105 (17.41%) Node.js
7 104 (17.25%) RESTful
8 92 (15.26%) .NET
9 91 (15.09%) CSS3
10 66 (10.95%) Jest
11 61 (10.12%) Vue
12 58 (9.62%) Spring
13 50 (8.29%) jQuery
13 50 (8.29%) Redux
14 47 (7.79%) JSON
14 47 (7.79%) Sass
15 45 (7.46%) Bootstrap
16 42 (6.97%) Spring Boot
17 39 (6.47%) SOAP
18 38 (6.30%) .NET Framework
Miscellaneous
1 64 (10.61%) Mobile App
2 35 (5.80%) Product Ownership
3 24 (3.98%) Management Information System
4 21 (3.48%) Data Structures
5 19 (3.15%) Algorithms
5 19 (3.15%) Cloud Native
6 17 (2.82%) Distributed Systems
7 13 (2.16%) Animation
7 13 (2.16%) Greenfield Project
8 11 (1.82%) Low-Code
9 9 (1.49%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
10 8 (1.33%) Data Protection Act
10 8 (1.33%) Legacy Systems
10 8 (1.33%) Onboarding
10 8 (1.33%) Reinsurance
10 8 (1.33%) Virtual Team
11 7 (1.16%) Derivative
11 7 (1.16%) Enterprise Software
12 6 (1.00%) CMDB
12 6 (1.00%) Marketing Technology
Operating Systems
1 36 (5.97%) Android
1 36 (5.97%) Linux
2 31 (5.14%) Unix
3 23 (3.81%) Windows
4 16 (2.65%) Apple iOS
5 4 (0.66%) Mac OS
6 3 (0.50%) CentOS
6 3 (0.50%) Windows Server
7 2 (0.33%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Processes & Methodologies
1 290 (48.09%) Agile
2 195 (32.34%) CI/CD
3 179 (29.68%) User Experience
4 146 (24.21%) Front End Development
5 131 (21.72%) Full-Stack Development
6 129 (21.39%) Problem-Solving
7 115 (19.07%) DevOps
8 97 (16.09%) Microservices
9 84 (13.93%) UX Design
10 74 (12.27%) Test Automation
11 69 (11.44%) TDD
12 65 (10.78%) Scrum
13 63 (10.45%) MVC
14 54 (8.96%) SDLC
15 52 (8.62%) Code Quality
15 52 (8.62%) Computer Science
15 52 (8.62%) Unit Testing
16 51 (8.46%) OO
16 51 (8.46%) Software Engineering
17 50 (8.29%) Containerisation
Programming Languages
1 461 (76.45%) JavaScript
2 160 (26.53%) Java
3 155 (25.70%) SQL
4 154 (25.54%) TypeScript
5 102 (16.92%) Python
6 79 (13.10%) C#
7 32 (5.31%) PHP
8 31 (5.14%) C++
9 22 (3.65%) Perl
10 18 (2.99%) Ruby
11 13 (2.16%) ABAP
12 12 (1.99%) PL/SQL
12 12 (1.99%) PowerShell
13 11 (1.82%) Kotlin
14 10 (1.66%) Apex Code
15 9 (1.49%) C
16 8 (1.33%) Groovy
16 8 (1.33%) Shell Script
17 7 (1.16%) JSX
17 7 (1.16%) Tcl
Qualifications
1 100 (16.58%) Security Cleared
2 72 (11.94%) SC Cleared
3 60 (9.95%) Degree
4 33 (5.47%) Computer Science Degree
5 22 (3.65%) BPSS Clearance
6 5 (0.83%) Azure Certification
6 5 (0.83%) DBS Check
6 5 (0.83%) DV Cleared
7 3 (0.50%) AWS Certification
7 3 (0.50%) CCNA
7 3 (0.50%) Cisco Certification
7 3 (0.50%) ITIL Certification
7 3 (0.50%) Master's Degree
7 3 (0.50%) Network+ Certification
8 1 (0.17%) ISEB
8 1 (0.17%) ISTQB
8 1 (0.17%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 108 (17.91%) Accessibility
2 47 (7.79%) QA
3 40 (6.63%) WCAG
4 6 (1.00%) Data Quality
4 6 (1.00%) GDPR
5 4 (0.66%) SLA
6 3 (0.50%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 2 (0.33%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 2 (0.33%) Disclosure Scotland
8 1 (0.17%) HMG Security Policy Framework
8 1 (0.17%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 82 (13.60%) Docker
2 8 (1.33%) Active Directory
3 1 (0.17%) ISA Server
3 1 (0.17%) Varnish
Systems Management
1 58 (9.62%) Kubernetes
2 12 (1.99%) Terraform
3 11 (1.82%) Argo
3 11 (1.82%) Grafana
4 10 (1.66%) Single Sign-On
5 1 (0.17%) Active Directory Federation Services
5 1 (0.17%) Ansible
5 1 (0.17%) Control-M
5 1 (0.17%) Kibana
5 1 (0.17%) logstash
5 1 (0.17%) Prometheus
Vendors
1 81 (13.43%) Microsoft
2 78 (12.94%) Oracle
3 39 (6.47%) ServiceNow
4 35 (5.80%) Adobe
5 34 (5.64%) Google
6 28 (4.64%) Splunk
7 26 (4.31%) SAP
8 23 (3.81%) Salesforce
9 16 (2.65%) Red Hat
10 10 (1.66%) Dynatrace
11 8 (1.33%) GoldenSource
12 6 (1.00%) Amplitude
12 6 (1.00%) Atlassian
12 6 (1.00%) CA Agile Central
12 6 (1.00%) Perforce
12 6 (1.00%) Sitecore
12 6 (1.00%) Veracode
13 5 (0.83%) IBM
13 5 (0.83%) OutSystems
13 5 (0.83%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud