CSS Contract Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 28 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
28 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 185 97 111
Rank change year-on-year -88 +14 -37
Contract jobs citing CSS 573 841 955
As % of all contract jobs in the UK 1.55% 2.51% 2.19%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 6.92% 11.44% 10.13%
Number of daily rates quoted 378 532 688
10th Percentile £260 £275 £306
25th Percentile £366 £356 £402
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £475 £475 £500
Median % change year-on-year - -5.00% -4.76%
75th Percentile £575 £585 £594
90th Percentile £650 £675 £713
UK excluding London median daily rate £425 £438 £462
% change year-on-year -2.86% -5.25% -5.57%
Number of hourly rates quoted 13 13 23
10th Percentile £28.15 £27.65 £27.20
25th Percentile £42.50 £38.25 £46.09
Median hourly rate £62.50 £60.50 £60.00
Median % change year-on-year +3.31% +0.83% -7.69%
75th Percentile £67.00 £62.50 £70.00
90th Percentile - £63.50 £72.92
UK excluding London median hourly rate £64.75 £62.50 £60.00
% change year-on-year +3.60% +4.17% -4.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 8,283 7,349 9,432
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 22.42% 21.90% 21.68%
Number of daily rates quoted 5,491 4,673 6,709
10th Percentile £356 £350 £363
25th Percentile £413 £425 £435
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £505 £540 £550
Median % change year-on-year -6.48% -1.82% -4.35%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £650
90th Percentile £725 £774 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £488 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -2.50% - -4.76%
Number of hourly rates quoted 199 88 171
10th Percentile £31.25 £21.25 £32.00
25th Percentile £45.00 £31.88 £46.18
Median hourly rate £61.00 £62.50 £52.50
Median % change year-on-year -2.40% +19.05% -19.23%
75th Percentile £67.00 £65.19 £70.00
90th Percentile £81.00 £75.00 £78.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £63.25 £63.75 £52.20
% change year-on-year -0.78% +22.14% -19.70%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Daily Rate Trend

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 28 December 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 28 December 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Contract Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 28 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -82 487 £475 -2.56% 1,340
London -53 274 £520 +4.00% 337
UK excluding London -89 218 £425 -2.86% 1,157
Work from Home -73 193 £483 +17.68% 748
North of England -40 62 £450 -5.26% 344
South East -48 59 £208 -49.48% 281
Midlands -55 33 £545 +14.74% 192
Yorkshire -31 32 £488 -13.18% 117
North West -31 27 £394 -15.32% 196
West Midlands -46 23 £400 -23.81% 106
Scotland -33 21 £456 +3.11% 53
South West -7 18 £400 +6.67% 117
East of England -25 16 £475 +58.33% 146
East Midlands -15 10 £575 +58.40% 80
Wales +3 8 £450 -5.26% 30
North East -14 4 £475 +26.67% 34
Northern Ireland -6 2 - - 14

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 26 (4.54%) CMS
2 22 (3.84%) Adobe Experience Manager
3 13 (2.27%) Confluence
3 13 (2.27%) SharePoint
4 12 (2.09%) SugarCRM
5 7 (1.22%) WordPress
6 6 (1.05%) Headless CMS
6 6 (1.05%) Sitecore CMS
7 5 (0.87%) Umbraco
8 3 (0.52%) Drupal
9 2 (0.35%) Apache
9 2 (0.35%) Joomla!
9 2 (0.35%) SharePoint Server
9 2 (0.35%) SilverStripe
9 2 (0.35%) Tomcat
10 1 (0.17%) IIS
10 1 (0.17%) Microsoft Exchange
10 1 (0.17%) Oracle Spatial
10 1 (0.17%) SAS
10 1 (0.17%) Skype for Business
Applications
1 15 (2.62%) Adobe XD
2 14 (2.44%) Sketch
3 5 (0.87%) Adobe After Effects
3 5 (0.87%) Microsoft Excel
4 4 (0.70%) InVision
4 4 (0.70%) Trello
5 3 (0.52%) Chatbot
5 3 (0.52%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 3 (0.52%) MS Visio
6 2 (0.35%) Blender
6 2 (0.35%) CINEMA 4D
6 2 (0.35%) Maya
6 2 (0.35%) NUKE
6 2 (0.35%) Photoshop
7 1 (0.17%) Adobe Creative Suite
7 1 (0.17%) Adobe Illustrator
7 1 (0.17%) Microsoft Office
7 1 (0.17%) Moqups
7 1 (0.17%) Spreadsheet
7 1 (0.17%) UserZoom
Business Applications
1 6 (1.05%) Payment Gateway
2 3 (0.52%) Shopify
3 2 (0.35%) Adobe Campaign
3 2 (0.35%) Dynamics CRM
3 2 (0.35%) Oracle ERP
3 2 (0.35%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.17%) Maximo
4 1 (0.17%) Sonata
4 1 (0.17%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 137 (23.91%) Azure
2 127 (22.16%) AWS
3 57 (9.95%) GitHub
4 41 (7.16%) Figma
5 33 (5.76%) GCP
6 30 (5.24%) GitHub Actions
6 30 (5.24%) Serverless
7 29 (5.06%) SaaS
8 25 (4.36%) Azure DevOps
8 25 (4.36%) npm
9 22 (3.84%) Amazon S3
9 22 (3.84%) Power Platform
10 21 (3.66%) Sauce Labs
11 17 (2.97%) AWS Lambda
12 14 (2.44%) OpenShift
13 10 (1.75%) Dynamics 365
13 10 (1.75%) Power Automate
13 10 (1.75%) PowerApps
14 9 (1.57%) Entra ID
15 8 (1.40%) Google Analytics
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.14%) Wireless
2 8 (1.40%) HTTP
3 3 (0.52%) DNS
3 3 (0.52%) Internet
3 3 (0.52%) SMS
4 2 (0.35%) HTTPS
5 1 (0.17%) BGP
5 1 (0.17%) DKIM
5 1 (0.17%) Firewall
5 1 (0.17%) FTP
5 1 (0.17%) Intranet
5 1 (0.17%) LAN
5 1 (0.17%) Network Security
5 1 (0.17%) OSPF
5 1 (0.17%) POP3
5 1 (0.17%) Reverse Proxy
5 1 (0.17%) Skype
5 1 (0.17%) SMTP
5 1 (0.17%) SSL
5 1 (0.17%) WAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 74 (12.91%) MySQL
2 71 (12.39%) Relational Database
3 65 (11.34%) PostgreSQL
4 48 (8.38%) SQL Server
5 32 (5.58%) NoSQL
6 24 (4.19%) MongoDB
7 22 (3.84%) Redis
8 11 (1.92%) Amazon RDS
9 10 (1.75%) MariaDB
9 10 (1.75%) Oracle Database
9 10 (1.75%) Power BI
10 7 (1.22%) Apache Cassandra
11 6 (1.05%) DynamoDB
11 6 (1.05%) RDBMS
12 5 (0.87%) Elasticsearch
13 4 (0.70%) Data Warehouse
13 4 (0.70%) DB2
13 4 (0.70%) Tableau
14 3 (0.52%) Amazon Aurora
14 3 (0.52%) Mixpanel
Development Applications
1 160 (27.92%) Git
2 64 (11.17%) JIRA
3 47 (8.20%) Jenkins
4 35 (6.11%) Browser DevTools
5 33 (5.76%) webpack
6 29 (5.06%) GitLab
6 29 (5.06%) Xcode
7 28 (4.89%) Eclipse
8 27 (4.71%) Cypress.io
9 22 (3.84%) JUnit
10 21 (3.66%) Android Studio
11 17 (2.97%) Maven
12 16 (2.79%) Mockito
13 15 (2.62%) Postman
13 15 (2.62%) SonarQube
14 14 (2.44%) Storybook
15 13 (2.27%) Bitbucket
16 12 (2.09%) Selenium
17 11 (1.92%) Artifactory
17 11 (1.92%) Visual Studio
General
1 189 (32.98%) Social Skills
2 91 (15.88%) Finance
3 88 (15.36%) Public Sector
4 46 (8.03%) Banking
5 37 (6.46%) Analytical Skills
6 36 (6.28%) Marketing
7 13 (2.27%) Investment Banking
7 13 (2.27%) Presentation Skills
8 10 (1.75%) Military
9 8 (1.40%) Manufacturing
10 7 (1.22%) Front Office
11 6 (1.05%) Documentation Skills
11 6 (1.05%) Inclusion and Diversity
11 6 (1.05%) Retail
12 5 (0.87%) Advertising
12 5 (0.87%) Publishing
13 4 (0.70%) Automotive
13 4 (0.70%) Financial Institution
13 4 (0.70%) Legal
13 4 (0.70%) Organisational Skills
Job Titles
1 338 (58.99%) Developer
2 78 (13.61%) Full-Stack Developer
3 67 (11.69%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
4 64 (11.17%) Senior
5 41 (7.16%) Senior Developer
6 40 (6.98%) Designer
7 34 (5.93%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
8 32 (5.58%) Support Engineer
8 32 (5.58%) Technical Engineer
8 32 (5.58%) Technical Support
8 32 (5.58%) Technical Support Engineer
9 31 (5.41%) Java Developer
10 30 (5.24%) Lead
10 30 (5.24%) React Developer
11 28 (4.89%) Full-Stack Engineer
12 25 (4.36%) UX Engineer
13 21 (3.66%) Software Engineer
14 20 (3.49%) UX Designer
15 17 (2.97%) .NET Developer
15 17 (2.97%) Consultant
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 502 (87.61%) HTML
2 250 (43.63%) React
3 166 (28.97%) AngularJS
4 119 (20.77%) HTML5
5 114 (19.90%) REST
6 100 (17.45%) RESTful
7 92 (16.06%) Node.js
8 85 (14.83%) CSS3
9 83 (14.49%) .NET
10 58 (10.12%) Spring
11 56 (9.77%) Vue
12 54 (9.42%) Jest
13 43 (7.50%) JSON
13 43 (7.50%) Redux
14 42 (7.33%) Sass
14 42 (7.33%) Spring Boot
15 39 (6.81%) GraphQL
15 39 (6.81%) SOAP
16 38 (6.63%) jQuery
17 36 (6.28%) Bootstrap
Miscellaneous
1 59 (10.30%) Mobile App
2 29 (5.06%) Product Ownership
3 19 (3.32%) Data Structures
4 17 (2.97%) Distributed Systems
4 17 (2.97%) Management Information System
5 16 (2.79%) Cloud Native
6 15 (2.62%) Algorithms
7 13 (2.27%) Greenfield Project
8 11 (1.92%) CMDB
9 10 (1.75%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
9 10 (1.75%) Low-Code
10 8 (1.40%) Derivative
10 8 (1.40%) Onboarding
10 8 (1.40%) Reinsurance
11 7 (1.22%) Legacy Systems
12 6 (1.05%) Data Protection Act
13 5 (0.87%) Marketing Technology
14 4 (0.70%) Animation
14 4 (0.70%) Distributed Architecture
14 4 (0.70%) Enterprise Software
Operating Systems
1 41 (7.16%) Linux
2 33 (5.76%) Unix
3 29 (5.06%) Android
4 28 (4.89%) Windows
5 6 (1.05%) Apple iOS
6 4 (0.70%) Mac OS
7 3 (0.52%) CentOS
8 2 (0.35%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 1 (0.17%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 266 (46.42%) Agile
2 190 (33.16%) User Experience
3 183 (31.94%) CI/CD
4 146 (25.48%) Front End Development
5 133 (23.21%) Full-Stack Development
6 113 (19.72%) Problem-Solving
7 100 (17.45%) DevOps
8 90 (15.71%) Microservices
9 86 (15.01%) UX Design
10 64 (11.17%) TDD
11 63 (10.99%) MVC
12 62 (10.82%) Test Automation
13 59 (10.30%) Containerisation
14 58 (10.12%) Scrum
15 51 (8.90%) API Integration
16 50 (8.73%) SDLC
17 49 (8.55%) Design Patterns
17 49 (8.55%) OO
18 47 (8.20%) Software Engineering
19 46 (8.03%) Computer Science
Programming Languages
1 428 (74.69%) JavaScript
2 147 (25.65%) TypeScript
3 145 (25.31%) Java
4 139 (24.26%) SQL
5 95 (16.58%) Python
6 66 (11.52%) C#
7 34 (5.93%) PHP
8 25 (4.36%) Perl
9 21 (3.66%) C++
10 18 (3.14%) Ruby
11 13 (2.27%) ABAP
11 13 (2.27%) PowerShell
12 10 (1.75%) PL/SQL
13 8 (1.40%) C
13 8 (1.40%) Groovy
13 8 (1.40%) Shell Script
14 7 (1.22%) Apex Code
14 7 (1.22%) JSX
14 7 (1.22%) Kotlin
15 5 (0.87%) COBOL
Qualifications
1 104 (18.15%) Security Cleared
2 77 (13.44%) SC Cleared
3 58 (10.12%) Degree
4 32 (5.58%) Computer Science Degree
5 20 (3.49%) BPSS Clearance
6 6 (1.05%) Master's Degree
7 4 (0.70%) Azure Certification
7 4 (0.70%) MCP
8 3 (0.52%) DBS Check
8 3 (0.52%) DV Cleared
9 2 (0.35%) ITIL Certification
9 2 (0.35%) Microsoft Certification
10 1 (0.17%) AWS Certification
10 1 (0.17%) CCA
10 1 (0.17%) CCNP
10 1 (0.17%) Cisco Certification
10 1 (0.17%) ISEB
10 1 (0.17%) ISTQB
10 1 (0.17%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 107 (18.67%) Accessibility
2 51 (8.90%) WCAG
3 47 (8.20%) QA
4 10 (1.75%) GDPR
5 5 (0.87%) Data Quality
6 3 (0.52%) California Consumer Privacy Act
6 3 (0.52%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 2 (0.35%) Disclosure Scotland
7 2 (0.35%) SLA
8 1 (0.17%) HMG Security Policy Framework
8 1 (0.17%) NCSC
8 1 (0.17%) Sarbanes-Oxley
8 1 (0.17%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 85 (14.83%) Docker
2 5 (0.87%) Active Directory
3 3 (0.52%) ISA Server
4 1 (0.17%) Varnish
Systems Management
1 59 (10.30%) Kubernetes
2 13 (2.27%) Terraform
3 11 (1.92%) Argo
4 6 (1.05%) Single Sign-On
5 4 (0.70%) Grafana
6 1 (0.17%) Ansible
6 1 (0.17%) Control-M
6 1 (0.17%) Kibana
6 1 (0.17%) logstash
6 1 (0.17%) Prometheus
Vendors
1 72 (12.57%) Oracle
2 67 (11.69%) Microsoft
3 48 (8.38%) Adobe
4 37 (6.46%) ServiceNow
5 31 (5.41%) Google
6 30 (5.24%) Splunk
7 23 (4.01%) Salesforce
7 23 (4.01%) SAP
8 17 (2.97%) Red Hat
9 8 (1.40%) GoldenSource
9 8 (1.40%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
10 7 (1.22%) Dynatrace
10 7 (1.22%) Sitecore
11 6 (1.05%) Amplitude
11 6 (1.05%) Atlassian
11 6 (1.05%) MuleSoft
12 5 (0.87%) CA Agile Central
12 5 (0.87%) OutSystems
13 4 (0.70%) Hotjar
13 4 (0.70%) TIBCO