CSS Contract Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 29 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
29 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 175 92 109
Rank change year-on-year -83 +17 -38
Contract jobs citing CSS 591 921 1,041
As % of all contract jobs in the UK 1.64% 2.53% 2.27%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 7.19% 11.63% 10.25%
Number of daily rates quoted 387 591 764
10th Percentile £262 £263 £305
25th Percentile £358 £350 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £450 £470 £490
Median % change year-on-year -4.26% -4.08% -6.67%
75th Percentile £550 £583 £588
90th Percentile £638 £671 £702
UK excluding London median daily rate £410 £425 £463
% change year-on-year -3.53% -8.11% -6.57%
Number of hourly rates quoted 24 17 20
10th Percentile £31.70 £33.45 £26.18
25th Percentile £48.13 £54.63 £42.31
Median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £58.75
Median % change year-on-year -20.00% +6.38% -6.00%
75th Percentile £64.13 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £67.00 - £73.96
UK excluding London median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £55.00
% change year-on-year -20.00% +13.64% -12.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 8,218 7,916 10,160
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 22.80% 21.72% 22.13%
Number of daily rates quoted 5,453 4,972 7,245
10th Percentile £350 £350 £363
25th Percentile £413 £425 £440
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £500 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -9.09% - -4.35%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £650
90th Percentile £720 £780 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £485 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -3.00% - -4.76%
Number of hourly rates quoted 191 120 187
10th Percentile £30.75 £22.00 £33.80
25th Percentile £43.00 £37.88 £46.18
Median hourly rate £55.00 £65.00 £54.56
Median % change year-on-year -15.38% +19.13% -12.93%
75th Percentile £65.00 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £77.50 £74.04 £78.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £63.75 £65.00 £52.50
% change year-on-year -1.92% +23.81% -19.23%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Daily Rate Trend

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 29 November 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 29 November 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Contract Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 29 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -71 506 £450 -5.26% 918
London -56 273 £500 - 256
UK excluding London -72 241 £410 -3.53% 854
Work from Home -77 195 £475 +13.10% 232
South East -38 66 £208 -48.70% 276
North of England -54 64 £400 -17.10% 185
Midlands -38 41 £411 -13.42% 144
North West -26 32 £380 -17.39% 106
Yorkshire -32 30 £500 -4.76% 58
Scotland -24 27 £463 +6.81% 36
West Midlands -40 22 £419 -16.25% 90
South West +1 20 £435 +22.88% 83
East Midlands -2 18 £408 +12.26% 53
East of England -28 16 £475 +43.40% 98
Wales +4 7 £425 -2.86% 35
North East -14 3 - - 23
Northern Ireland - 1 - - 9

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 25 (4.23%) CMS
2 22 (3.72%) Confluence
3 14 (2.37%) Adobe Experience Manager
3 14 (2.37%) SharePoint
4 12 (2.03%) SugarCRM
5 6 (1.02%) Headless CMS
5 6 (1.02%) Sitecore CMS
5 6 (1.02%) Tomcat
5 6 (1.02%) WordPress
6 5 (0.85%) Apache
6 5 (0.85%) Umbraco
7 4 (0.68%) Drupal
8 3 (0.51%) Apache Spark
8 3 (0.51%) nginx
9 2 (0.34%) SharePoint Server
9 2 (0.34%) SilverStripe
10 1 (0.17%) Cloud Foundry
10 1 (0.17%) GeoServer
10 1 (0.17%) Mendix
10 1 (0.17%) Oracle Spatial
Applications
1 14 (2.37%) Sketch
2 13 (2.20%) Adobe XD
3 11 (1.86%) Maya
4 7 (1.18%) NUKE
5 6 (1.02%) Microsoft Office
6 5 (0.85%) Microsoft Excel
7 4 (0.68%) Adobe Captivate
8 3 (0.51%) Adobe After Effects
8 3 (0.51%) InVision
8 3 (0.51%) Microsoft PowerPoint
8 3 (0.51%) MS Visio
9 2 (0.34%) Adobe Creative Suite
9 2 (0.34%) Adobe Illustrator
9 2 (0.34%) Blender
9 2 (0.34%) CINEMA 4D
9 2 (0.34%) InDesign
9 2 (0.34%) Photoshop
9 2 (0.34%) Trello
10 1 (0.17%) Moqups
10 1 (0.17%) Spreadsheet
Business Applications
1 6 (1.02%) Payment Gateway
2 5 (0.85%) Shopify
3 3 (0.51%) Dynamics CRM
4 2 (0.34%) Oracle ERP
5 1 (0.17%) Maximo
5 1 (0.17%) Salesforce CRM
5 1 (0.17%) Sonata
5 1 (0.17%) Sprinklr
5 1 (0.17%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 142 (24.03%) Azure
2 125 (21.15%) AWS
3 57 (9.64%) GitHub
4 35 (5.92%) Figma
4 35 (5.92%) GCP
5 29 (4.91%) GitHub Actions
5 29 (4.91%) Serverless
6 28 (4.74%) Azure DevOps
6 28 (4.74%) Power Platform
6 28 (4.74%) SaaS
7 26 (4.40%) npm
8 19 (3.21%) Amazon S3
9 18 (3.05%) AWS Lambda
9 18 (3.05%) Sauce Labs
10 16 (2.71%) PowerApps
11 15 (2.54%) Power Automate
12 14 (2.37%) OpenShift
13 11 (1.86%) Dynamics 365
14 9 (1.52%) AWS CloudFormation
14 9 (1.52%) Google Analytics
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.05%) Wireless
2 11 (1.86%) HTTP
3 6 (1.02%) DNS
4 3 (0.51%) Bluetooth
4 3 (0.51%) DKIM
4 3 (0.51%) Firewall
4 3 (0.51%) Internet
5 1 (0.17%) FTP
5 1 (0.17%) HTTPS
5 1 (0.17%) Intranet
5 1 (0.17%) POP3
5 1 (0.17%) SMTP
5 1 (0.17%) VoIP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 67 (11.34%) MySQL
2 66 (11.17%) PostgreSQL
3 61 (10.32%) SQL Server
4 60 (10.15%) Relational Database
5 33 (5.58%) NoSQL
6 29 (4.91%) MongoDB
7 22 (3.72%) Redis
8 12 (2.03%) Power BI
9 10 (1.69%) Amazon RDS
9 10 (1.69%) Oracle Database
10 9 (1.52%) Apache Cassandra
10 9 (1.52%) MariaDB
11 6 (1.02%) Amazon Aurora
11 6 (1.02%) Data Warehouse
12 5 (0.85%) DB2
12 5 (0.85%) Elasticsearch
13 4 (0.68%) Spark SQL
13 4 (0.68%) Tableau
14 3 (0.51%) Azure SQL Database
14 3 (0.51%) GIS
Development Applications
1 179 (30.29%) Git
2 73 (12.35%) JIRA
3 52 (8.80%) Jenkins
4 37 (6.26%) webpack
5 34 (5.75%) Cypress.io
6 32 (5.41%) Browser DevTools
7 29 (4.91%) GitLab
8 28 (4.74%) JUnit
9 27 (4.57%) Xcode
10 26 (4.40%) Eclipse
11 22 (3.72%) SonarQube
12 21 (3.55%) Maven
13 19 (3.21%) Bitbucket
13 19 (3.21%) Mockito
14 18 (3.05%) Android Studio
15 17 (2.88%) Selenium
16 15 (2.54%) Cucumber
16 15 (2.54%) Mocha
17 14 (2.37%) Jasmine
17 14 (2.37%) Postman
General
1 192 (32.49%) Social Skills
2 100 (16.92%) Finance
3 81 (13.71%) Public Sector
4 52 (8.80%) Analytical Skills
5 48 (8.12%) Banking
6 37 (6.26%) Marketing
7 13 (2.20%) Automotive
7 13 (2.20%) Games
8 12 (2.03%) Retail
9 10 (1.69%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 10 (1.69%) Manufacturing
9 10 (1.69%) Military
9 10 (1.69%) Presentation Skills
10 9 (1.52%) Investment Banking
10 9 (1.52%) Legal
11 8 (1.35%) Documentation Skills
12 7 (1.18%) Telecoms
13 6 (1.02%) Publishing
14 5 (0.85%) Advertising
14 5 (0.85%) Aerospace
Job Titles
1 343 (58.04%) Developer
2 76 (12.86%) Full-Stack Developer
3 59 (9.98%) Senior
4 57 (9.64%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 37 (6.26%) Designer
6 36 (6.09%) Lead
7 35 (5.92%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
8 34 (5.75%) Java Developer
9 31 (5.25%) React Developer
10 30 (5.08%) Senior Developer
11 29 (4.91%) Support Engineer
11 29 (4.91%) Technical Engineer
11 29 (4.91%) Technical Support
11 29 (4.91%) Technical Support Engineer
12 26 (4.40%) Angular Developer
12 26 (4.40%) Full-Stack Engineer
13 23 (3.89%) UX Designer
14 22 (3.72%) UI Developer
15 21 (3.55%) UX Engineer
16 20 (3.38%) Software Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 523 (88.49%) HTML
2 247 (41.79%) React
3 161 (27.24%) AngularJS
4 127 (21.49%) HTML5
5 125 (21.15%) REST
6 101 (17.09%) Node.js
6 101 (17.09%) RESTful
7 91 (15.40%) CSS3
8 84 (14.21%) .NET
9 66 (11.17%) Jest
10 59 (9.98%) Vue
11 57 (9.64%) Spring
12 49 (8.29%) jQuery
12 49 (8.29%) Redux
13 47 (7.95%) JSON
13 47 (7.95%) Sass
14 44 (7.45%) Bootstrap
15 42 (7.11%) Spring Boot
16 39 (6.60%) SOAP
17 35 (5.92%) GraphQL
Miscellaneous
1 64 (10.83%) Mobile App
2 35 (5.92%) Product Ownership
3 24 (4.06%) Management Information System
4 21 (3.55%) Data Structures
5 19 (3.21%) Algorithms
6 17 (2.88%) Cloud Native
6 17 (2.88%) Distributed Systems
7 13 (2.20%) Animation
7 13 (2.20%) Greenfield Project
8 10 (1.69%) Low-Code
9 9 (1.52%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
10 8 (1.35%) Data Protection Act
10 8 (1.35%) Legacy Systems
10 8 (1.35%) Onboarding
10 8 (1.35%) Reinsurance
10 8 (1.35%) Virtual Team
11 7 (1.18%) CMDB
11 7 (1.18%) Derivative
11 7 (1.18%) Enterprise Software
12 6 (1.02%) Marketing Technology
Operating Systems
1 36 (6.09%) Android
1 36 (6.09%) Linux
2 31 (5.25%) Unix
3 23 (3.89%) Windows
4 16 (2.71%) Apple iOS
5 4 (0.68%) Mac OS
6 3 (0.51%) CentOS
7 2 (0.34%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 2 (0.34%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 288 (48.73%) Agile
2 194 (32.83%) CI/CD
3 178 (30.12%) User Experience
4 146 (24.70%) Front End Development
5 128 (21.66%) Full-Stack Development
6 125 (21.15%) Problem-Solving
7 113 (19.12%) DevOps
8 97 (16.41%) Microservices
9 85 (14.38%) UX Design
10 75 (12.69%) Test Automation
11 68 (11.51%) TDD
12 65 (11.00%) Scrum
13 60 (10.15%) MVC
14 52 (8.80%) Unit Testing
15 51 (8.63%) Computer Science
15 51 (8.63%) SDLC
16 50 (8.46%) Containerisation
17 49 (8.29%) Code Quality
17 49 (8.29%) Software Engineering
18 47 (7.95%) OO
Programming Languages
1 452 (76.48%) JavaScript
2 159 (26.90%) Java
3 151 (25.55%) TypeScript
4 149 (25.21%) SQL
5 101 (17.09%) Python
6 72 (12.18%) C#
7 32 (5.41%) PHP
8 31 (5.25%) C++
9 22 (3.72%) Perl
10 17 (2.88%) Ruby
11 13 (2.20%) ABAP
12 12 (2.03%) PL/SQL
13 11 (1.86%) Kotlin
13 11 (1.86%) PowerShell
14 10 (1.69%) Apex Code
15 9 (1.52%) C
16 8 (1.35%) Groovy
16 8 (1.35%) Shell Script
17 7 (1.18%) JSX
17 7 (1.18%) Tcl
Qualifications
1 99 (16.75%) Security Cleared
2 72 (12.18%) SC Cleared
3 60 (10.15%) Degree
4 33 (5.58%) Computer Science Degree
5 22 (3.72%) BPSS Clearance
6 5 (0.85%) Azure Certification
7 4 (0.68%) DBS Check
7 4 (0.68%) DV Cleared
8 3 (0.51%) AWS Certification
8 3 (0.51%) CCNA
8 3 (0.51%) Cisco Certification
8 3 (0.51%) ITIL Certification
8 3 (0.51%) Master's Degree
8 3 (0.51%) Network+ Certification
9 1 (0.17%) ISEB
9 1 (0.17%) ISTQB
9 1 (0.17%) Microsoft Certification
9 1 (0.17%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 109 (18.44%) Accessibility
2 48 (8.12%) QA
3 41 (6.94%) WCAG
4 6 (1.02%) Data Quality
4 6 (1.02%) GDPR
5 4 (0.68%) SLA
6 3 (0.51%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 2 (0.34%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 2 (0.34%) Disclosure Scotland
8 1 (0.17%) HMG Security Policy Framework
8 1 (0.17%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 81 (13.71%) Docker
2 6 (1.02%) Active Directory
3 1 (0.17%) ISA Server
3 1 (0.17%) Varnish
Systems Management
1 58 (9.81%) Kubernetes
2 12 (2.03%) Terraform
3 11 (1.86%) Argo
3 11 (1.86%) Grafana
4 8 (1.35%) Single Sign-On
5 1 (0.17%) Active Directory Federation Services
5 1 (0.17%) Ansible
5 1 (0.17%) Control-M
5 1 (0.17%) Kibana
5 1 (0.17%) logstash
5 1 (0.17%) Prometheus
Vendors
1 80 (13.54%) Microsoft
2 75 (12.69%) Oracle
3 41 (6.94%) ServiceNow
4 35 (5.92%) Adobe
4 35 (5.92%) Google
5 28 (4.74%) Splunk
6 26 (4.40%) SAP
7 23 (3.89%) Salesforce
8 16 (2.71%) Red Hat
9 10 (1.69%) Dynatrace
10 8 (1.35%) GoldenSource
11 6 (1.02%) Amplitude
11 6 (1.02%) Atlassian
11 6 (1.02%) Perforce
11 6 (1.02%) Sitecore
11 6 (1.02%) Veracode
12 5 (0.85%) CA Agile Central
12 5 (0.85%) IBM
12 5 (0.85%) OutSystems
12 5 (0.85%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud