CSS Contract Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 16 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
16 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 195 93 109
Rank change year-on-year -102 +16 -38
Contract jobs citing CSS 564 873 983
As % of all contract jobs in the UK 1.54% 2.55% 2.22%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 6.83% 11.65% 10.07%
Number of daily rates quoted 374 560 715
10th Percentile £264 £266 £319
25th Percentile £363 £353 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £463 £470 £500
Median % change year-on-year -1.60% -6.00% -4.76%
75th Percentile £563 £585 £588
90th Percentile £642 £670 £706
UK excluding London median daily rate £411 £425 £463
% change year-on-year -3.24% -8.11% -4.86%
Number of hourly rates quoted 15 14 23
10th Percentile £28.80 £28.35 £26.80
25th Percentile £46.25 £39.44 £46.09
Median hourly rate £50.00 £61.50 £60.00
Median % change year-on-year -18.70% +2.50% -5.88%
75th Percentile £66.75 £62.50 £70.00
90th Percentile £67.00 £68.13 £72.92
UK excluding London median hourly rate £56.75 £62.50 £58.75
% change year-on-year -9.20% +6.38% -6.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 8,255 7,492 9,760
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 22.49% 21.89% 22.08%
Number of daily rates quoted 5,473 4,760 6,939
10th Percentile £351 £350 £363
25th Percentile £413 £425 £444
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £503 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -8.64% - -4.35%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £650
90th Percentile £725 £775 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £488 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -2.50% - -4.76%
Number of hourly rates quoted 201 101 175
10th Percentile £30.75 £21.25 £31.55
25th Percentile £43.00 £36.00 £46.18
Median hourly rate £61.00 £62.50 £54.50
Median % change year-on-year -2.40% +14.68% -16.15%
75th Percentile £67.00 £65.75 £70.00
90th Percentile £81.00 £74.87 £78.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £64.25 £65.00 £52.20
% change year-on-year -1.15% +24.53% -19.70%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Daily Rate Trend

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 16 December 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 16 December 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Contract Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 16 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -89 477 £463 -2.63% 734
London -71 261 £500 - 208
UK excluding London -93 223 £411 -3.24% 660
Work from Home -77 192 £475 +15.85% 218
South East -53 64 £208 -48.70% 171
North of England -44 59 £450 -5.26% 180
Midlands -46 35 £413 -12.70% 120
Yorkshire -32 31 £494 -11.16% 59
North West -38 26 £400 -14.89% 99
Scotland -30 24 £463 +4.52% 29
West Midlands -44 23 £400 -23.81% 73
South West -15 17 £423 +19.35% 59
East of England -30 16 £475 +58.33% 86
East Midlands -8 12 £550 +48.65% 47
Wales +4 8 £425 -13.92% 21
North East -18 3 - - 25
Northern Ireland -5 1 - - 5

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 26 (4.61%) CMS
2 19 (3.37%) Adobe Experience Manager
3 13 (2.30%) Confluence
4 12 (2.13%) SugarCRM
5 11 (1.95%) SharePoint
6 8 (1.42%) WordPress
7 6 (1.06%) Headless CMS
7 6 (1.06%) Sitecore CMS
8 5 (0.89%) Umbraco
9 4 (0.71%) Drupal
10 2 (0.35%) Apache
10 2 (0.35%) SharePoint Server
10 2 (0.35%) SilverStripe
10 2 (0.35%) Tomcat
11 1 (0.18%) ArcGIS
11 1 (0.18%) CICS
11 1 (0.18%) ColdFusion
11 1 (0.18%) Microsoft Exchange
11 1 (0.18%) Oracle Spatial
11 1 (0.18%) SAS
Applications
1 15 (2.66%) Sketch
2 14 (2.48%) Adobe XD
3 4 (0.71%) Adobe After Effects
3 4 (0.71%) InVision
3 4 (0.71%) Maya
3 4 (0.71%) Microsoft Excel
4 3 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
4 3 (0.53%) MS Visio
4 3 (0.53%) NUKE
4 3 (0.53%) Trello
5 2 (0.35%) Adobe Creative Suite
5 2 (0.35%) Blender
5 2 (0.35%) CINEMA 4D
5 2 (0.35%) Microsoft Office
6 1 (0.18%) Adobe Captivate
6 1 (0.18%) Chatbot
6 1 (0.18%) Moqups
6 1 (0.18%) Photoshop
6 1 (0.18%) Spreadsheet
6 1 (0.18%) UserZoom
Business Applications
1 6 (1.06%) Payment Gateway
2 3 (0.53%) Shopify
3 2 (0.35%) Dynamics CRM
3 2 (0.35%) Oracle ERP
4 1 (0.18%) Adobe Campaign
4 1 (0.18%) Maximo
4 1 (0.18%) Salesforce CRM
4 1 (0.18%) Sonata
4 1 (0.18%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 140 (24.82%) Azure
2 122 (21.63%) AWS
3 58 (10.28%) GitHub
4 38 (6.74%) Figma
5 35 (6.21%) GCP
6 31 (5.50%) Serverless
7 30 (5.32%) GitHub Actions
8 29 (5.14%) SaaS
9 28 (4.96%) npm
10 27 (4.79%) Azure DevOps
11 23 (4.08%) Power Platform
12 22 (3.90%) Amazon S3
13 20 (3.55%) Sauce Labs
14 17 (3.01%) AWS Lambda
15 14 (2.48%) OpenShift
16 12 (2.13%) Power Automate
16 12 (2.13%) PowerApps
17 9 (1.60%) AWS CloudFormation
17 9 (1.60%) Dynamics 365
18 8 (1.42%) Google Analytics
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.19%) Wireless
2 9 (1.60%) HTTP
3 4 (0.71%) DNS
3 4 (0.71%) Firewall
4 3 (0.53%) Internet
5 2 (0.35%) HTTPS
5 2 (0.35%) SMS
6 1 (0.18%) BGP
6 1 (0.18%) Bluetooth
6 1 (0.18%) FTP
6 1 (0.18%) Intranet
6 1 (0.18%) LAN
6 1 (0.18%) Network Security
6 1 (0.18%) OSPF
6 1 (0.18%) POP3
6 1 (0.18%) Reverse Proxy
6 1 (0.18%) SMTP
6 1 (0.18%) SSL
6 1 (0.18%) VoIP
6 1 (0.18%) WAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 71 (12.59%) MySQL
2 67 (11.88%) PostgreSQL
3 65 (11.52%) Relational Database
4 51 (9.04%) SQL Server
5 32 (5.67%) NoSQL
6 26 (4.61%) MongoDB
7 22 (3.90%) Redis
8 11 (1.95%) Oracle Database
9 10 (1.77%) Amazon RDS
9 10 (1.77%) MariaDB
9 10 (1.77%) Power BI
10 7 (1.24%) Apache Cassandra
11 6 (1.06%) Amazon Aurora
11 6 (1.06%) DynamoDB
12 5 (0.89%) DB2
12 5 (0.89%) Elasticsearch
13 4 (0.71%) RDBMS
13 4 (0.71%) Tableau
14 3 (0.53%) Data Warehouse
14 3 (0.53%) Mixpanel
Development Applications
1 167 (29.61%) Git
2 63 (11.17%) JIRA
3 48 (8.51%) Jenkins
4 37 (6.56%) webpack
5 35 (6.21%) Browser DevTools
6 33 (5.85%) Cypress.io
7 30 (5.32%) GitLab
8 28 (4.96%) Xcode
9 27 (4.79%) Eclipse
10 22 (3.90%) JUnit
11 20 (3.55%) Android Studio
12 19 (3.37%) SonarQube
13 16 (2.84%) Maven
13 16 (2.84%) Mockito
14 15 (2.66%) Bitbucket
14 15 (2.66%) Postman
15 14 (2.48%) Selenium
16 13 (2.30%) Storybook
17 11 (1.95%) Artifactory
17 11 (1.95%) gulp
General
1 188 (33.33%) Social Skills
2 93 (16.49%) Finance
3 85 (15.07%) Public Sector
4 46 (8.16%) Banking
5 39 (6.91%) Analytical Skills
6 32 (5.67%) Marketing
7 12 (2.13%) Investment Banking
7 12 (2.13%) Presentation Skills
8 10 (1.77%) Military
9 8 (1.42%) Manufacturing
10 7 (1.24%) Documentation Skills
10 7 (1.24%) Front Office
10 7 (1.24%) Inclusion and Diversity
10 7 (1.24%) Retail
11 5 (0.89%) Advertising
11 5 (0.89%) Automotive
11 5 (0.89%) Games
11 5 (0.89%) Publishing
11 5 (0.89%) Telecoms
12 4 (0.71%) Organisational Skills
Job Titles
1 329 (58.33%) Developer
2 75 (13.30%) Full-Stack Developer
3 64 (11.35%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
4 58 (10.28%) Senior
5 35 (6.21%) Designer
5 35 (6.21%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
5 35 (6.21%) Lead
6 34 (6.03%) Senior Developer
7 32 (5.67%) Java Developer
8 31 (5.50%) Support Engineer
8 31 (5.50%) Technical Engineer
8 31 (5.50%) Technical Support
8 31 (5.50%) Technical Support Engineer
9 30 (5.32%) React Developer
10 28 (4.96%) Full-Stack Engineer
11 23 (4.08%) UX Engineer
12 21 (3.72%) Software Engineer
13 19 (3.37%) UI Developer
13 19 (3.37%) UX Designer
14 18 (3.19%) Consultant
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 497 (88.12%) HTML
2 247 (43.79%) React
3 158 (28.01%) AngularJS
4 124 (21.99%) HTML5
5 114 (20.21%) REST
6 102 (18.09%) RESTful
7 99 (17.55%) Node.js
8 90 (15.96%) CSS3
9 83 (14.72%) .NET
10 62 (10.99%) Jest
11 57 (10.11%) Spring
12 55 (9.75%) Vue
13 47 (8.33%) Redux
13 47 (8.33%) Sass
14 45 (7.98%) JSON
15 42 (7.45%) Spring Boot
16 40 (7.09%) Bootstrap
17 39 (6.91%) jQuery
18 38 (6.74%) GraphQL
18 38 (6.74%) SOAP
Miscellaneous
1 60 (10.64%) Mobile App
2 31 (5.50%) Product Ownership
3 19 (3.37%) Data Structures
4 17 (3.01%) Distributed Systems
4 17 (3.01%) Management Information System
5 16 (2.84%) Cloud Native
6 15 (2.66%) Algorithms
7 13 (2.30%) Greenfield Project
8 10 (1.77%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
8 10 (1.77%) Low-Code
9 9 (1.60%) CMDB
9 9 (1.60%) Onboarding
10 8 (1.42%) Derivative
10 8 (1.42%) Legacy Systems
10 8 (1.42%) Reinsurance
11 6 (1.06%) Animation
11 6 (1.06%) Data Protection Act
12 5 (0.89%) Marketing Technology
13 4 (0.71%) Distributed Architecture
13 4 (0.71%) Self-Motivation
Operating Systems
1 40 (7.09%) Linux
2 32 (5.67%) Unix
3 30 (5.32%) Android
4 27 (4.79%) Windows
5 8 (1.42%) Apple iOS
6 4 (0.71%) Mac OS
7 3 (0.53%) CentOS
8 2 (0.35%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
9 1 (0.18%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 266 (47.16%) Agile
2 190 (33.69%) CI/CD
3 180 (31.91%) User Experience
4 144 (25.53%) Front End Development
5 130 (23.05%) Full-Stack Development
6 115 (20.39%) Problem-Solving
7 108 (19.15%) DevOps
8 93 (16.49%) Microservices
9 84 (14.89%) UX Design
10 69 (12.23%) Test Automation
11 68 (12.06%) TDD
12 60 (10.64%) MVC
13 59 (10.46%) Scrum
14 50 (8.87%) Containerisation
15 48 (8.51%) OO
16 47 (8.33%) API Integration
16 47 (8.33%) Design Patterns
16 47 (8.33%) SDLC
16 47 (8.33%) Software Engineering
17 46 (8.16%) Code Quality
Programming Languages
1 427 (75.71%) JavaScript
2 150 (26.60%) TypeScript
3 149 (26.42%) Java
4 136 (24.11%) SQL
5 90 (15.96%) Python
6 66 (11.70%) C#
7 34 (6.03%) PHP
8 25 (4.43%) C++
9 24 (4.26%) Perl
10 16 (2.84%) Ruby
11 13 (2.30%) ABAP
12 11 (1.95%) PL/SQL
12 11 (1.95%) PowerShell
13 10 (1.77%) Kotlin
14 8 (1.42%) Apex Code
14 8 (1.42%) C
14 8 (1.42%) Groovy
14 8 (1.42%) Shell Script
15 7 (1.24%) JSX
16 5 (0.89%) COBOL
Qualifications
1 100 (17.73%) Security Cleared
2 75 (13.30%) SC Cleared
3 56 (9.93%) Degree
4 30 (5.32%) Computer Science Degree
5 20 (3.55%) BPSS Clearance
6 7 (1.24%) Master's Degree
7 5 (0.89%) Azure Certification
8 4 (0.71%) Cisco Certification
9 3 (0.53%) AWS Certification
9 3 (0.53%) CCNA
9 3 (0.53%) DBS Check
9 3 (0.53%) DV Cleared
9 3 (0.53%) Network+ Certification
10 2 (0.35%) ITIL Certification
10 2 (0.35%) Microsoft Certification
11 1 (0.18%) CCNP
11 1 (0.18%) ISEB
11 1 (0.18%) ISTQB
11 1 (0.18%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 112 (19.86%) Accessibility
2 49 (8.69%) WCAG
3 46 (8.16%) QA
4 7 (1.24%) GDPR
5 6 (1.06%) Data Quality
6 3 (0.53%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 2 (0.35%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 2 (0.35%) Disclosure Scotland
7 2 (0.35%) SLA
8 1 (0.18%) HMG Security Policy Framework
8 1 (0.18%) Sarbanes-Oxley
8 1 (0.18%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 81 (14.36%) Docker
2 4 (0.71%) Active Directory
3 3 (0.53%) ISA Server
4 1 (0.18%) Varnish
Systems Management
1 56 (9.93%) Kubernetes
2 12 (2.13%) Terraform
3 11 (1.95%) Argo
4 8 (1.42%) Grafana
5 4 (0.71%) Single Sign-On
6 1 (0.18%) Ansible
6 1 (0.18%) Control-M
6 1 (0.18%) Kibana
6 1 (0.18%) logstash
6 1 (0.18%) Prometheus
Vendors
1 75 (13.30%) Oracle
2 71 (12.59%) Microsoft
3 43 (7.62%) Adobe
4 35 (6.21%) ServiceNow
5 32 (5.67%) Google
6 29 (5.14%) Splunk
7 24 (4.26%) SAP
8 22 (3.90%) Salesforce
9 16 (2.84%) Red Hat
10 8 (1.42%) GoldenSource
11 7 (1.24%) Dynatrace
12 6 (1.06%) Amplitude
12 6 (1.06%) Atlassian
12 6 (1.06%) Perforce
12 6 (1.06%) Sitecore
13 5 (0.89%) CA Agile Central
13 5 (0.89%) MuleSoft
13 5 (0.89%) OutSystems
13 5 (0.89%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
14 4 (0.71%) TIBCO