CSS Contract Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and contractor rates for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers contract job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 28 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
28 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 180 88 108
Rank change year-on-year -92 +20 -37
Contract jobs citing CSS 596 929 1,036
As % of all contract jobs in the UK 1.65% 2.54% 2.27%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 7.24% 11.66% 10.25%
Number of daily rates quoted 391 595 762
10th Percentile £263 £263 £305
25th Percentile £358 £350 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £450 £470 £489
Median % change year-on-year -4.26% -3.84% -6.90%
75th Percentile £550 £583 £588
90th Percentile £638 £670 £702
UK excluding London median daily rate £408 £425 £463
% change year-on-year -4.12% -8.11% -6.57%
Number of hourly rates quoted 24 17 20
10th Percentile £31.70 £33.45 £26.18
25th Percentile £48.13 £54.63 £42.31
Median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £58.75
Median % change year-on-year -20.00% +6.38% -6.00%
75th Percentile £64.13 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £67.00 - £73.96
UK excluding London median hourly rate £50.00 £62.50 £55.00
% change year-on-year -20.00% +13.64% -12.00%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 8,234 7,964 10,109
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 22.81% 21.76% 22.15%
Number of daily rates quoted 5,461 5,008 7,214
10th Percentile £350 £350 £363
25th Percentile £413 £425 £440
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £500 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -9.09% - -4.35%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £650
90th Percentile £720 £775 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £481 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -3.75% - -4.76%
Number of hourly rates quoted 192 122 186
10th Percentile £30.80 £22.00 £35.00
25th Percentile £43.00 £37.13 £46.18
Median hourly rate £55.00 £65.00 £54.78
Median % change year-on-year -15.38% +18.66% -12.82%
75th Percentile £65.00 £70.00 £70.00
90th Percentile £77.50 £74.00 £78.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate £63.75 £65.00 £52.50
% change year-on-year -1.92% +23.81% -19.23%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of contract IT job postings citing CSS relative to all contract IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Daily Rate Trend

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor daily rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 28 November 2025.

Daily rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Hourly Rate Trend

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Contractor hourly rate distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 28 November 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Contract Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 28 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -63 510 £450 -5.26% 853
London -63 274 £500 - 255
UK excluding London -62 244 £408 -4.12% 783
Work from Home -75 196 £472 +12.38% 233
South East -41 67 £208 -48.13% 264
North of England -53 64 £400 -17.10% 167
Midlands -29 43 £408 -14.21% 130
North West -22 32 £380 -17.39% 96
Yorkshire -44 30 £500 -4.76% 50
Scotland -32 27 £463 +6.81% 33
West Midlands -53 22 £419 -16.25% 83
East Midlands 0 20 £404 +11.16% 47
South West -6 20 £435 +22.88% 75
East of England -30 16 £475 +43.40% 84
Wales +2 7 £425 -2.86% 33
North East -14 3 - - 23
Northern Ireland - 1 - - 7

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 26 (4.36%) CMS
2 23 (3.86%) Confluence
3 16 (2.68%) SharePoint
4 14 (2.35%) Adobe Experience Manager
5 12 (2.01%) SugarCRM
6 7 (1.17%) Headless CMS
6 7 (1.17%) WordPress
7 6 (1.01%) Sitecore CMS
7 6 (1.01%) Tomcat
8 5 (0.84%) Apache
8 5 (0.84%) Umbraco
9 4 (0.67%) Drupal
10 3 (0.50%) Apache Spark
10 3 (0.50%) nginx
11 2 (0.34%) SharePoint Server
11 2 (0.34%) SilverStripe
12 1 (0.17%) CICS
12 1 (0.17%) ColdFusion
12 1 (0.17%) Oracle Spatial
12 1 (0.17%) SAS
Applications
1 14 (2.35%) Sketch
2 13 (2.18%) Adobe XD
3 11 (1.85%) Maya
4 7 (1.17%) NUKE
5 6 (1.01%) Microsoft Office
6 5 (0.84%) Microsoft Excel
7 4 (0.67%) Adobe Captivate
8 3 (0.50%) Adobe After Effects
8 3 (0.50%) InVision
8 3 (0.50%) Microsoft PowerPoint
8 3 (0.50%) MS Visio
9 2 (0.34%) Adobe Creative Suite
9 2 (0.34%) Adobe Illustrator
9 2 (0.34%) Blender
9 2 (0.34%) CINEMA 4D
9 2 (0.34%) InDesign
9 2 (0.34%) Photoshop
10 1 (0.17%) Moqups
10 1 (0.17%) Spreadsheet
10 1 (0.17%) Trello
Business Applications
1 6 (1.01%) Payment Gateway
2 5 (0.84%) Shopify
3 3 (0.50%) Dynamics CRM
4 2 (0.34%) Oracle ERP
5 1 (0.17%) Maximo
5 1 (0.17%) Salesforce CRM
5 1 (0.17%) Sonata
5 1 (0.17%) Sprinklr
5 1 (0.17%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 141 (23.66%) Azure
2 126 (21.14%) AWS
3 59 (9.90%) GitHub
4 35 (5.87%) Figma
5 34 (5.70%) GCP
6 30 (5.03%) Power Platform
6 30 (5.03%) Serverless
7 29 (4.87%) GitHub Actions
7 29 (4.87%) SaaS
8 27 (4.53%) Azure DevOps
9 26 (4.36%) npm
10 19 (3.19%) Amazon S3
10 19 (3.19%) AWS Lambda
11 18 (3.02%) Sauce Labs
12 17 (2.85%) Power Automate
12 17 (2.85%) PowerApps
13 15 (2.52%) OpenShift
14 11 (1.85%) Dynamics 365
15 9 (1.51%) AWS CloudFormation
15 9 (1.51%) Google Analytics
Communications & Networking
1 18 (3.02%) Wireless
2 11 (1.85%) HTTP
3 6 (1.01%) DNS
4 3 (0.50%) Bluetooth
4 3 (0.50%) DKIM
4 3 (0.50%) Firewall
4 3 (0.50%) Internet
5 1 (0.17%) FTP
5 1 (0.17%) HTTPS
5 1 (0.17%) Intranet
5 1 (0.17%) POP3
5 1 (0.17%) SMTP
5 1 (0.17%) VoIP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 69 (11.58%) MySQL
2 66 (11.07%) PostgreSQL
3 64 (10.74%) SQL Server
4 61 (10.23%) Relational Database
5 33 (5.54%) NoSQL
6 29 (4.87%) MongoDB
7 22 (3.69%) Redis
8 13 (2.18%) Power BI
9 10 (1.68%) Amazon RDS
9 10 (1.68%) Oracle Database
10 9 (1.51%) Apache Cassandra
10 9 (1.51%) MariaDB
11 6 (1.01%) Amazon Aurora
11 6 (1.01%) Data Warehouse
12 5 (0.84%) DB2
12 5 (0.84%) Elasticsearch
13 4 (0.67%) DynamoDB
13 4 (0.67%) Spark SQL
13 4 (0.67%) Tableau
14 3 (0.50%) GIS
Development Applications
1 180 (30.20%) Git
2 72 (12.08%) JIRA
3 52 (8.72%) Jenkins
4 37 (6.21%) webpack
5 33 (5.54%) Cypress.io
6 32 (5.37%) Browser DevTools
7 30 (5.03%) GitLab
8 28 (4.70%) JUnit
9 27 (4.53%) Xcode
10 26 (4.36%) Eclipse
11 22 (3.69%) SonarQube
12 21 (3.52%) Maven
13 20 (3.36%) Bitbucket
14 19 (3.19%) Mockito
15 18 (3.02%) Android Studio
16 17 (2.85%) Selenium
17 15 (2.52%) Cucumber
17 15 (2.52%) Mocha
18 14 (2.35%) Jasmine
18 14 (2.35%) Postman
General
1 195 (32.72%) Social Skills
2 100 (16.78%) Finance
3 81 (13.59%) Public Sector
4 54 (9.06%) Analytical Skills
5 48 (8.05%) Banking
6 37 (6.21%) Marketing
7 13 (2.18%) Automotive
7 13 (2.18%) Games
8 12 (2.01%) Retail
9 10 (1.68%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 10 (1.68%) Legal
9 10 (1.68%) Manufacturing
9 10 (1.68%) Military
9 10 (1.68%) Presentation Skills
10 9 (1.51%) Investment Banking
11 8 (1.34%) Documentation Skills
12 7 (1.17%) Telecoms
13 6 (1.01%) Publishing
14 5 (0.84%) Advertising
14 5 (0.84%) Aerospace
Job Titles
1 348 (58.39%) Developer
2 76 (12.75%) Full-Stack Developer
3 60 (10.07%) Senior
4 57 (9.56%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
5 37 (6.21%) Designer
6 35 (5.87%) Lead
7 34 (5.70%) Front-End Engineer (Client-Side Engineer)
7 34 (5.70%) Java Developer
8 31 (5.20%) React Developer
9 30 (5.03%) Senior Developer
10 29 (4.87%) Support Engineer
10 29 (4.87%) Technical Engineer
10 29 (4.87%) Technical Support
10 29 (4.87%) Technical Support Engineer
11 26 (4.36%) Angular Developer
11 26 (4.36%) Full-Stack Engineer
12 23 (3.86%) UX Designer
13 22 (3.69%) UI Developer
14 21 (3.52%) Software Engineer
14 21 (3.52%) UX Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 528 (88.59%) HTML
2 246 (41.28%) React
3 160 (26.85%) AngularJS
4 128 (21.48%) REST
5 127 (21.31%) HTML5
6 101 (16.95%) Node.js
6 101 (16.95%) RESTful
7 91 (15.27%) CSS3
8 87 (14.60%) .NET
9 65 (10.91%) Jest
10 59 (9.90%) Vue
11 58 (9.73%) Spring
12 50 (8.39%) jQuery
13 49 (8.22%) Redux
14 47 (7.89%) JSON
14 47 (7.89%) Sass
15 44 (7.38%) Bootstrap
16 42 (7.05%) Spring Boot
17 40 (6.71%) SOAP
18 37 (6.21%) .NET Framework
Miscellaneous
1 64 (10.74%) Mobile App
2 34 (5.70%) Product Ownership
3 24 (4.03%) Management Information System
4 21 (3.52%) Data Structures
5 19 (3.19%) Algorithms
6 18 (3.02%) Cloud Native
7 17 (2.85%) Distributed Systems
8 13 (2.18%) Animation
8 13 (2.18%) Greenfield Project
9 10 (1.68%) Low-Code
10 9 (1.51%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
11 8 (1.34%) Data Protection Act
11 8 (1.34%) Legacy Systems
11 8 (1.34%) Onboarding
11 8 (1.34%) Reinsurance
11 8 (1.34%) Virtual Team
12 7 (1.17%) CMDB
12 7 (1.17%) Derivative
12 7 (1.17%) Enterprise Software
13 6 (1.01%) Marketing Technology
Operating Systems
1 36 (6.04%) Android
1 36 (6.04%) Linux
2 31 (5.20%) Unix
3 23 (3.86%) Windows
4 16 (2.68%) Apple iOS
5 4 (0.67%) Mac OS
6 3 (0.50%) CentOS
6 3 (0.50%) Windows Server
7 2 (0.34%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Processes & Methodologies
1 288 (48.32%) Agile
2 193 (32.38%) CI/CD
3 178 (29.87%) User Experience
4 146 (24.50%) Front End Development
5 129 (21.64%) Problem-Solving
6 127 (21.31%) Full-Stack Development
7 112 (18.79%) DevOps
8 97 (16.28%) Microservices
9 84 (14.09%) UX Design
10 74 (12.42%) Test Automation
11 68 (11.41%) TDD
12 65 (10.91%) Scrum
13 60 (10.07%) MVC
14 54 (9.06%) SDLC
15 52 (8.72%) Unit Testing
16 51 (8.56%) Code Quality
16 51 (8.56%) Computer Science
17 50 (8.39%) Containerisation
18 49 (8.22%) Software Engineering
19 48 (8.05%) OO
Programming Languages
1 457 (76.68%) JavaScript
2 160 (26.85%) Java
3 152 (25.50%) SQL
4 150 (25.17%) TypeScript
5 101 (16.95%) Python
6 76 (12.75%) C#
7 32 (5.37%) PHP
8 31 (5.20%) C++
9 22 (3.69%) Perl
10 17 (2.85%) Ruby
11 13 (2.18%) ABAP
12 12 (2.01%) PL/SQL
12 12 (2.01%) PowerShell
13 11 (1.85%) Kotlin
14 10 (1.68%) Apex Code
15 9 (1.51%) C
16 8 (1.34%) Groovy
16 8 (1.34%) Shell Script
17 7 (1.17%) JSX
17 7 (1.17%) Tcl
Qualifications
1 100 (16.78%) Security Cleared
2 72 (12.08%) SC Cleared
3 60 (10.07%) Degree
4 33 (5.54%) Computer Science Degree
5 22 (3.69%) BPSS Clearance
6 5 (0.84%) Azure Certification
6 5 (0.84%) DV Cleared
7 4 (0.67%) DBS Check
8 3 (0.50%) AWS Certification
8 3 (0.50%) CCNA
8 3 (0.50%) Cisco Certification
8 3 (0.50%) ITIL Certification
8 3 (0.50%) Master's Degree
8 3 (0.50%) Network+ Certification
9 1 (0.17%) ISEB
9 1 (0.17%) ISTQB
9 1 (0.17%) Numerate Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 108 (18.12%) Accessibility
2 47 (7.89%) QA
3 40 (6.71%) WCAG
4 6 (1.01%) Data Quality
4 6 (1.01%) GDPR
5 4 (0.67%) SLA
6 3 (0.50%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 2 (0.34%) California Consumer Privacy Act
7 2 (0.34%) Disclosure Scotland
8 1 (0.17%) HMG Security Policy Framework
8 1 (0.17%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 81 (13.59%) Docker
2 7 (1.17%) Active Directory
3 1 (0.17%) ISA Server
3 1 (0.17%) Varnish
Systems Management
1 58 (9.73%) Kubernetes
2 12 (2.01%) Terraform
3 11 (1.85%) Argo
3 11 (1.85%) Grafana
4 10 (1.68%) Single Sign-On
5 1 (0.17%) Active Directory Federation Services
5 1 (0.17%) Ansible
5 1 (0.17%) Control-M
5 1 (0.17%) Kibana
5 1 (0.17%) logstash
5 1 (0.17%) Prometheus
Vendors
1 79 (13.26%) Microsoft
2 78 (13.09%) Oracle
3 41 (6.88%) ServiceNow
4 35 (5.87%) Adobe
5 34 (5.70%) Google
6 28 (4.70%) Splunk
7 26 (4.36%) SAP
8 23 (3.86%) Salesforce
9 16 (2.68%) Red Hat
10 10 (1.68%) Dynatrace
11 8 (1.34%) GoldenSource
12 6 (1.01%) Amplitude
12 6 (1.01%) Atlassian
12 6 (1.01%) CA Agile Central
12 6 (1.01%) Perforce
12 6 (1.01%) Sitecore
12 6 (1.01%) Veracode
13 5 (0.84%) IBM
13 5 (0.84%) OutSystems
13 5 (0.84%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud