CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 28 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
28 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 133 60 62
Rank change year-on-year -73 +2 -20
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,088 2,605 2,265
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 2.02% 3.90% 4.45%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.88% 18.71% 16.75%
Number of salaries quoted 855 1,366 1,996
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £40,000 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £49,000 £55,000 £58,450
Median % change year-on-year -10.91% -5.90% +1.65%
75th Percentile £67,500 £71,250 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £42,000 £52,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -20.00% -4.55% +4.76%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,310 13,922 13,524
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 13.54% 20.83% 26.55%
Number of salaries quoted 5,310 8,421 11,170
10th Percentile £36,250 £38,750 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £48,750 £50,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £67,500 £65,000 £66,056
Median % change year-on-year +3.85% -1.60% +1.62%
75th Percentile £85,700 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £113,750 £108,750 £106,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 28 November 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 28 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -72 958 £50,000 -9.09% 863
UK excluding London -77 713 £42,000 -20.00% 789
Work from Home -45 413 £50,000 -9.09% 252
London -37 278 £67,500 +3.85% 258
North of England -33 242 £40,000 -20.00% 167
South East -89 145 £45,000 -21.74% 262
Midlands -34 112 £42,500 -15.00% 129
North West -37 108 £47,500 -5.00% 96
Yorkshire -2 105 £30,500 -32.22% 51
East of England -50 81 £50,000 -9.09% 85
South West -71 75 £39,250 -28.64% 77
East Midlands -29 60 £47,500 +5.56% 46
West Midlands -29 53 £32,750 -40.45% 83
Scotland -60 35 £30,500 -39.30% 38
North East -7 29 £30,500 -44.55% 22
Wales -5 21 £67,500 +42.11% 33
Northern Ireland -14 3 £31,500 -38.54% 8
Channel Islands +5 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 70 (6.43%) WordPress
2 69 (6.34%) CMS
3 26 (2.39%) Confluence
4 18 (1.65%) SharePoint
5 14 (1.29%) IIS
6 11 (1.01%) Umbraco
7 10 (0.92%) Headless CMS
8 9 (0.83%) Apache
8 9 (0.83%) Drupal
9 7 (0.64%) nginx
10 6 (0.55%) Adobe Experience Manager
11 3 (0.28%) Apache Airflow
12 2 (0.18%) ArcGIS
12 2 (0.18%) EPiServer
12 2 (0.18%) Mendix
12 2 (0.18%) Microsoft Exchange
12 2 (0.18%) Sitecore CMS
13 1 (0.092%) Apache Solr
13 1 (0.092%) ColdFusion
13 1 (0.092%) SugarCRM
Applications
1 34 (3.13%) Adobe XD
2 28 (2.57%) Adobe Creative Suite
3 22 (2.02%) Microsoft Office
4 20 (1.84%) Adobe Illustrator
4 20 (1.84%) MS Visio
5 18 (1.65%) Photoshop
6 16 (1.47%) Sketch
7 10 (0.92%) Microsoft PowerPoint
8 9 (0.83%) Chatbot
9 8 (0.74%) AutoCAD
9 8 (0.74%) InDesign
9 8 (0.74%) SOLIDWORKS
10 7 (0.64%) InVision
11 3 (0.28%) Adobe After Effects
11 3 (0.28%) Adobe Premiere
11 3 (0.28%) Elementor
11 3 (0.28%) Microsoft Excel
12 1 (0.092%) CapCut
12 1 (0.092%) Spreadsheet
12 1 (0.092%) Trello
Business Applications
1 21 (1.93%) Shopify
2 18 (1.65%) Dynamics CRM
3 12 (1.10%) Sprinklr
4 5 (0.46%) Magento
4 5 (0.46%) Payment Gateway
5 3 (0.28%) SAP Business One
6 2 (0.18%) Sage 1000
6 2 (0.18%) Salesforce CRM
7 1 (0.092%) NetSuite
7 1 (0.092%) Oracle BPM
7 1 (0.092%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 440 (40.44%) Azure
2 332 (30.51%) AWS
3 262 (24.08%) GitHub
4 80 (7.35%) Figma
5 73 (6.71%) Serverless
6 51 (4.69%) GCP
7 45 (4.14%) Azure DevOps
8 44 (4.04%) SaaS
9 42 (3.86%) Google Analytics
10 35 (3.22%) Power Platform
11 29 (2.67%) Azure Service Bus
12 26 (2.39%) Power Automate
13 23 (2.11%) Azure Functions
14 22 (2.02%) Amazon S3
14 22 (2.02%) AWS Lambda
14 22 (2.02%) Azure Cosmos DB
14 22 (2.02%) Azure Logic Apps
15 21 (1.93%) Amazon SQS
16 20 (1.84%) PowerApps
17 19 (1.75%) npm
Communications & Networking
1 178 (16.36%) Internet
2 10 (0.92%) HTTP
3 6 (0.55%) Ethernet
3 6 (0.55%) Intranet
3 6 (0.55%) Modbus
3 6 (0.55%) MQTT
4 3 (0.28%) AMQP
5 2 (0.18%) DNS
5 2 (0.18%) HTTPS
6 1 (0.092%) Broadband
6 1 (0.092%) Firewall
6 1 (0.092%) FTP
6 1 (0.092%) SSH
6 1 (0.092%) Wi-Fi
6 1 (0.092%) WPA
Database & Business Intelligence
1 164 (15.07%) SQL Server
2 144 (13.24%) MySQL
3 53 (4.87%) PostgreSQL
4 51 (4.69%) Relational Database
5 49 (4.50%) NoSQL
6 29 (2.67%) MongoDB
7 20 (1.84%) Power BI
8 15 (1.38%) Redis
9 14 (1.29%) Elasticsearch
10 12 (1.10%) Azure SQL Database
11 11 (1.01%) GIS
12 9 (0.83%) Data Warehouse
12 9 (0.83%) DB2
12 9 (0.83%) DynamoDB
12 9 (0.83%) Looker
13 8 (0.74%) Metadata
13 8 (0.74%) SQL Server Reporting Services
14 5 (0.46%) Amazon RDS
14 5 (0.46%) MariaDB
14 5 (0.46%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 394 (36.21%) Git
2 54 (4.96%) JIRA
3 47 (4.32%) webpack
4 42 (3.86%) Cypress.io
5 35 (3.22%) Jenkins
6 24 (2.21%) Selenium
7 23 (2.11%) Visual Studio
8 20 (1.84%) Axure RP
8 20 (1.84%) Vite
9 18 (1.65%) TeamCity
10 16 (1.47%) Babel
11 15 (1.38%) Bitbucket
12 11 (1.01%) Balsamiq
12 11 (1.01%) Cucumber
13 10 (0.92%) gulp
13 10 (0.92%) JUnit
13 10 (0.92%) SonarQube
14 9 (0.83%) GitLab
14 9 (0.83%) Maven
14 9 (0.83%) Visual Studio Code
General
1 322 (29.60%) Social Skills
2 192 (17.65%) Finance
3 180 (16.54%) Multimedia
4 114 (10.48%) Marketing
5 113 (10.39%) Analytical Skills
6 111 (10.20%) Law
7 68 (6.25%) Inclusion and Diversity
8 49 (4.50%) Retail
9 45 (4.14%) Public Sector
10 38 (3.49%) Banking
11 29 (2.67%) Legal
12 17 (1.56%) Advertising
12 17 (1.56%) Games
13 15 (1.38%) Publishing
14 13 (1.19%) Organisational Skills
15 12 (1.10%) Manufacturing
16 10 (0.92%) Pharmaceutical
17 8 (0.74%) Military
18 7 (0.64%) Automotive
18 7 (0.64%) Back Office
Job Titles
1 630 (57.90%) Developer
2 183 (16.82%) Senior
3 173 (15.90%) Trainee
4 143 (13.14%) Software Developer
5 131 (12.04%) Full-Stack Developer
6 126 (11.58%) Senior Developer
7 92 (8.46%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
8 83 (7.63%) Trainee Developer
9 81 (7.44%) Trainee Software Developer
10 74 (6.80%) .NET Developer
11 69 (6.34%) Software Engineer
12 62 (5.70%) Lead
13 55 (5.06%) Designer
14 54 (4.96%) C# Developer
14 54 (4.96%) PHP Developer
15 49 (4.50%) Graduate
15 49 (4.50%) Graduate Developer
16 45 (4.14%) React Developer
17 43 (3.95%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
18 37 (3.40%) Web Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 960 (88.24%) HTML
2 360 (33.09%) React
3 252 (23.16%) .NET
4 153 (14.06%) HTML5
5 139 (12.78%) RESTful
6 137 (12.59%) Node.js
7 133 (12.22%) AngularJS
8 121 (11.12%) CSS3
9 119 (10.94%) ASP.NET
10 94 (8.64%) Vue
11 93 (8.55%) REST
12 91 (8.36%) jQuery
13 75 (6.89%) .NET Core
14 71 (6.53%) .NET Framework
15 63 (5.79%) JSON
16 59 (5.42%) Jest
17 58 (5.33%) GraphQL
18 52 (4.78%) XML
19 50 (4.60%) Tailwind CSS
20 47 (4.32%) Sass
Miscellaneous
1 51 (4.69%) Product Ownership
2 38 (3.49%) Cloud Native
3 34 (3.13%) Mobile App
4 23 (2.11%) Analytical Mindset
5 19 (1.75%) Algorithms
5 19 (1.75%) Data Structures
5 19 (1.75%) Onboarding
6 18 (1.65%) Self-Motivation
7 15 (1.38%) Greenfield Project
8 14 (1.29%) Motion Graphics
8 14 (1.29%) Social Media
9 13 (1.19%) Data Centre
10 12 (1.10%) Legacy Systems
10 12 (1.10%) Virtual Team
11 11 (1.01%) Distributed Systems
11 11 (1.01%) Low-Code
12 9 (0.83%) Data Protection Act
12 9 (0.83%) W3C
13 7 (0.64%) Digital TV
13 7 (0.64%) Renewable Energy
Operating Systems
1 34 (3.13%) Linux
2 26 (2.39%) Windows
3 12 (1.10%) Android
4 11 (1.01%) Apple iOS
5 8 (0.74%) Windows Server
6 6 (0.55%) Unix
7 3 (0.28%) Mac OS
8 2 (0.18%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 454 (41.73%) Agile
2 291 (26.75%) Mentoring
2 291 (26.75%) Problem-Solving
3 286 (26.29%) User Experience
4 250 (22.98%) Full-Stack Development
5 203 (18.66%) Front End Development
6 185 (17.00%) CI/CD
7 176 (16.18%) DevOps
8 174 (15.99%) Cybersecurity
9 145 (13.33%) MVC
10 143 (13.14%) Continuous Improvement
11 130 (11.95%) Computer Science
12 128 (11.76%) Web Development
13 127 (11.67%) Software Engineering
13 127 (11.67%) UX Design
14 101 (9.28%) OOP
15 97 (8.92%) Analytics
16 96 (8.82%) Test Automation
17 90 (8.27%) Scrum
18 89 (8.18%) OO
Programming Languages
1 864 (79.41%) JavaScript
2 286 (26.29%) Python
3 253 (23.25%) C#
4 251 (23.07%) SQL
5 227 (20.86%) TypeScript
6 137 (12.59%) PHP
7 132 (12.13%) Java
8 90 (8.27%) R
9 46 (4.23%) C++
10 22 (2.02%) T-SQL
11 13 (1.19%) Ruby
12 11 (1.01%) Perl
13 10 (0.92%) C
13 10 (0.92%) PL/SQL
14 8 (0.74%) Go
15 7 (0.64%) Bicep
16 6 (0.55%) VB.NET
17 5 (0.46%) Objective-C
18 4 (0.37%) Apex Code
18 4 (0.37%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 206 (18.93%) Degree
2 177 (16.27%) AWS Certification
2 177 (16.27%) Microsoft Certification
3 175 (16.08%) Azure Certification
4 173 (15.90%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
5 112 (10.29%) Computer Science Degree
6 65 (5.97%) Security Cleared
7 41 (3.77%) SC Cleared
8 21 (1.93%) Master's Degree
9 16 (1.47%) DV Cleared
10 14 (1.29%) HND
11 7 (0.64%) DBS Check
12 6 (0.55%) Chartered Engineer
12 6 (0.55%) HNC
13 5 (0.46%) BPSS Clearance
14 4 (0.37%) AWS Certified Developer
14 4 (0.37%) ISEB
14 4 (0.37%) ISTQB
14 4 (0.37%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
15 3 (0.28%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 161 (14.80%) Accessibility
2 86 (7.90%) QA
3 54 (4.96%) WCAG
4 40 (3.68%) GDPR
5 8 (0.74%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.46%) PERC
6 5 (0.46%) Section 508
7 3 (0.28%) Data Quality
7 3 (0.28%) SLA
8 2 (0.18%) ISO/IEC 27001
9 1 (0.092%) Actionable Recommendations
9 1 (0.092%) HL7
9 1 (0.092%) MiFID
9 1 (0.092%) NCSC
9 1 (0.092%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 100 (9.19%) Docker
2 15 (1.38%) Active Directory
3 6 (0.55%) VMware ESXi
3 6 (0.55%) VMware Infrastructure
4 1 (0.092%) Firmware
Systems Management
1 66 (6.07%) Kubernetes
2 33 (3.03%) Terraform
3 6 (0.55%) Functional Safety
4 4 (0.37%) Argo
4 4 (0.37%) Grafana
4 4 (0.37%) Single Sign-On
5 3 (0.28%) cPanel
5 3 (0.28%) Plesk
6 2 (0.18%) Ansible
6 2 (0.18%) Prometheus
7 1 (0.092%) Microsoft Intune
Vendors
1 295 (27.11%) Microsoft
2 84 (7.72%) Adobe
3 52 (4.78%) Google
4 35 (3.22%) ServiceNow
5 29 (2.67%) Oracle
6 28 (2.57%) Salesforce
7 14 (1.29%) Siemens
8 12 (1.10%) Cisco
9 9 (0.83%) Ahrefs
9 9 (0.83%) Apple
9 9 (0.83%) Guidewire
9 9 (0.83%) HubSpot
10 8 (0.74%) Allen-Bradley
10 8 (0.74%) Toshiba
11 7 (0.64%) WooCommerce
12 6 (0.55%) AVEVA
12 6 (0.55%) Rockwell
12 6 (0.55%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
12 6 (0.55%) Splunk
12 6 (0.55%) VMware