CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 25 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
25 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 133 59 62
Rank change year-on-year -74 +3 -17
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,068 2,604 2,294
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 2.00% 3.87% 4.45%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.76% 18.74% 16.78%
Number of salaries quoted 833 1,365 2,014
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £40,000 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £47,500 £55,000 £58,000
Median % change year-on-year -13.64% -5.17% +0.87%
75th Percentile £67,500 £70,000 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £41,750 £52,500 £54,250
% change year-on-year -20.48% -3.23% +3.33%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,234 13,894 13,674
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 13.56% 20.67% 26.55%
Number of salaries quoted 5,249 8,399 11,287
10th Percentile £36,250 £38,750 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £48,750 £50,686
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £67,500 £65,000 £65,799
Median % change year-on-year +3.85% -1.21% +1.23%
75th Percentile £86,250 £84,982 £85,000
90th Percentile £114,000 £108,750 £106,289
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 25 November 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 25 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -78 938 £50,000 -9.09% 842
UK excluding London -74 695 £41,750 -20.48% 769
Work from Home -42 411 £50,000 -9.09% 264
London -42 276 £67,500 +3.85% 255
North of England -35 233 £40,000 -20.00% 161
South East -93 139 £42,500 -24.44% 249
Midlands -43 111 £42,750 -14.50% 133
Yorkshire -8 103 £30,500 -32.22% 43
North West -44 102 £47,500 -5.00% 98
East of England -54 80 £50,000 -9.09% 84
South West -62 74 £39,250 -28.64% 73
East Midlands -25 60 £47,500 +5.56% 47
West Midlands -28 52 £33,000 -38.60% 86
Scotland -69 35 £30,500 -39.90% 35
North East -2 28 £30,500 -44.55% 22
Wales -3 21 £67,500 +42.11% 33
Northern Ireland -13 3 £31,500 -33.68% 11
Channel Islands +5 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 68 (6.37%) CMS
2 67 (6.27%) WordPress
3 25 (2.34%) Confluence
4 18 (1.69%) SharePoint
5 14 (1.31%) IIS
6 11 (1.03%) Umbraco
7 10 (0.94%) Headless CMS
8 9 (0.84%) Apache
8 9 (0.84%) Drupal
9 6 (0.56%) Adobe Experience Manager
9 6 (0.56%) nginx
10 3 (0.28%) Apache Airflow
11 2 (0.19%) ArcGIS
11 2 (0.19%) EPiServer
11 2 (0.19%) Mendix
11 2 (0.19%) Microsoft Exchange
11 2 (0.19%) Sitecore CMS
12 1 (0.094%) ColdFusion
12 1 (0.094%) JBoss
12 1 (0.094%) SugarCRM
Applications
1 33 (3.09%) Adobe XD
2 28 (2.62%) Adobe Creative Suite
3 22 (2.06%) Microsoft Office
4 20 (1.87%) Adobe Illustrator
4 20 (1.87%) MS Visio
5 19 (1.78%) Photoshop
6 15 (1.40%) Sketch
7 10 (0.94%) Microsoft PowerPoint
8 8 (0.75%) AutoCAD
8 8 (0.75%) Chatbot
8 8 (0.75%) InDesign
8 8 (0.75%) SOLIDWORKS
9 6 (0.56%) InVision
10 3 (0.28%) Adobe After Effects
10 3 (0.28%) Adobe Premiere
10 3 (0.28%) Elementor
10 3 (0.28%) Microsoft Excel
11 1 (0.094%) CapCut
11 1 (0.094%) Spreadsheet
11 1 (0.094%) Trello
Business Applications
1 22 (2.06%) Shopify
2 18 (1.69%) Dynamics CRM
3 12 (1.12%) Sprinklr
4 5 (0.47%) Magento
4 5 (0.47%) Payment Gateway
5 3 (0.28%) SAP Business One
6 2 (0.19%) Sage 1000
6 2 (0.19%) Salesforce CRM
7 1 (0.094%) Elite 3E
7 1 (0.094%) NetSuite
7 1 (0.094%) Oracle BPM
7 1 (0.094%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 427 (39.98%) Azure
2 321 (30.06%) AWS
3 254 (23.78%) GitHub
4 78 (7.30%) Figma
5 72 (6.74%) Serverless
6 49 (4.59%) GCP
7 44 (4.12%) Azure DevOps
7 44 (4.12%) SaaS
8 42 (3.93%) Google Analytics
9 36 (3.37%) Power Platform
10 29 (2.72%) Azure Service Bus
11 27 (2.53%) Power Automate
12 23 (2.15%) Azure Functions
13 22 (2.06%) Amazon S3
13 22 (2.06%) Azure Cosmos DB
13 22 (2.06%) Azure Logic Apps
14 21 (1.97%) Amazon SQS
14 21 (1.97%) AWS Lambda
14 21 (1.97%) PowerApps
15 18 (1.69%) Entra ID
Communications & Networking
1 171 (16.01%) Internet
2 10 (0.94%) HTTP
3 6 (0.56%) Ethernet
3 6 (0.56%) Intranet
3 6 (0.56%) Modbus
3 6 (0.56%) MQTT
4 2 (0.19%) AMQP
4 2 (0.19%) Broadband
4 2 (0.19%) DNS
4 2 (0.19%) HTTPS
5 1 (0.094%) Firewall
5 1 (0.094%) FTP
5 1 (0.094%) SSH
5 1 (0.094%) Wi-Fi
5 1 (0.094%) WPA
Database & Business Intelligence
1 162 (15.17%) SQL Server
2 143 (13.39%) MySQL
3 51 (4.78%) PostgreSQL
4 50 (4.68%) Relational Database
5 48 (4.49%) NoSQL
6 28 (2.62%) MongoDB
7 21 (1.97%) Power BI
8 15 (1.40%) Redis
9 14 (1.31%) Elasticsearch
10 12 (1.12%) Azure SQL Database
11 10 (0.94%) GIS
11 10 (0.94%) Looker
12 9 (0.84%) Data Warehouse
12 9 (0.84%) DynamoDB
13 8 (0.75%) DB2
13 8 (0.75%) Metadata
13 8 (0.75%) SQL Server Reporting Services
14 5 (0.47%) Amazon RDS
14 5 (0.47%) MariaDB
14 5 (0.47%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 387 (36.24%) Git
2 56 (5.24%) JIRA
3 45 (4.21%) webpack
4 40 (3.75%) Cypress.io
5 31 (2.90%) Jenkins
6 23 (2.15%) Selenium
6 23 (2.15%) Visual Studio
7 20 (1.87%) Vite
8 19 (1.78%) Axure RP
9 17 (1.59%) TeamCity
10 15 (1.40%) Babel
10 15 (1.40%) Bitbucket
11 11 (1.03%) Balsamiq
12 10 (0.94%) gulp
12 10 (0.94%) SonarQube
13 9 (0.84%) Cucumber
13 9 (0.84%) JUnit
13 9 (0.84%) Team Foundation Server
13 9 (0.84%) Visual Studio Code
14 8 (0.75%) Maven
General
1 320 (29.96%) Social Skills
2 191 (17.88%) Finance
3 173 (16.20%) Multimedia
4 114 (10.67%) Analytical Skills
5 113 (10.58%) Marketing
6 112 (10.49%) Law
7 68 (6.37%) Inclusion and Diversity
8 47 (4.40%) Retail
9 45 (4.21%) Public Sector
10 37 (3.46%) Banking
11 30 (2.81%) Legal
12 18 (1.69%) Games
13 16 (1.50%) Advertising
14 15 (1.40%) Publishing
15 13 (1.22%) Organisational Skills
16 12 (1.12%) Manufacturing
17 10 (0.94%) Pharmaceutical
18 8 (0.75%) Military
19 7 (0.66%) Automotive
19 7 (0.66%) Back Office
Job Titles
1 617 (57.77%) Developer
2 176 (16.48%) Senior
3 166 (15.54%) Trainee
4 139 (13.01%) Software Developer
5 128 (11.99%) Full-Stack Developer
6 124 (11.61%) Senior Developer
7 91 (8.52%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
8 78 (7.30%) Trainee Developer
9 77 (7.21%) Trainee Software Developer
10 73 (6.84%) .NET Developer
11 67 (6.27%) Software Engineer
12 62 (5.81%) Lead
13 54 (5.06%) C# Developer
13 54 (5.06%) PHP Developer
14 52 (4.87%) Designer
15 49 (4.59%) Graduate
15 49 (4.59%) Graduate Developer
16 44 (4.12%) React Developer
17 43 (4.03%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
18 35 (3.28%) Web Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 940 (88.01%) HTML
2 351 (32.87%) React
3 246 (23.03%) .NET
4 149 (13.95%) HTML5
5 137 (12.83%) RESTful
6 130 (12.17%) Node.js
7 127 (11.89%) AngularJS
8 120 (11.24%) CSS3
9 115 (10.77%) ASP.NET
10 93 (8.71%) REST
11 92 (8.61%) Vue
12 88 (8.24%) jQuery
13 73 (6.84%) .NET Core
14 71 (6.65%) .NET Framework
15 64 (5.99%) JSON
16 57 (5.34%) GraphQL
16 57 (5.34%) Jest
17 52 (4.87%) XML
18 49 (4.59%) Tailwind CSS
19 45 (4.21%) Laravel
Miscellaneous
1 50 (4.68%) Product Ownership
2 38 (3.56%) Cloud Native
3 33 (3.09%) Mobile App
4 23 (2.15%) Analytical Mindset
5 19 (1.78%) Algorithms
5 19 (1.78%) Data Structures
5 19 (1.78%) Onboarding
6 14 (1.31%) Motion Graphics
6 14 (1.31%) Self-Motivation
7 13 (1.22%) Data Centre
7 13 (1.22%) Greenfield Project
7 13 (1.22%) Social Media
8 12 (1.12%) Legacy Systems
8 12 (1.12%) Virtual Team
9 11 (1.03%) Distributed Systems
10 9 (0.84%) Data Protection Act
10 9 (0.84%) Low-Code
10 9 (0.84%) W3C
11 7 (0.66%) Digital TV
11 7 (0.66%) IoT
Operating Systems
1 34 (3.18%) Linux
2 26 (2.43%) Windows
3 11 (1.03%) Android
4 10 (0.94%) Apple iOS
5 8 (0.75%) Windows Server
6 7 (0.66%) Unix
7 3 (0.28%) Mac OS
8 2 (0.19%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 444 (41.57%) Agile
2 288 (26.97%) Problem-Solving
3 285 (26.69%) Mentoring
4 279 (26.12%) User Experience
5 242 (22.66%) Full-Stack Development
6 199 (18.63%) Front End Development
7 178 (16.67%) CI/CD
8 172 (16.10%) DevOps
9 169 (15.82%) Cybersecurity
10 144 (13.48%) MVC
11 137 (12.83%) Continuous Improvement
12 128 (11.99%) Computer Science
13 126 (11.80%) Web Development
14 124 (11.61%) Software Engineering
15 123 (11.52%) UX Design
16 101 (9.46%) OOP
17 96 (8.99%) Test Automation
18 95 (8.90%) Analytics
19 89 (8.33%) OO
20 87 (8.15%) Scrum
Programming Languages
1 845 (79.12%) JavaScript
2 277 (25.94%) Python
3 251 (23.50%) C#
4 250 (23.41%) SQL
5 220 (20.60%) TypeScript
6 136 (12.73%) PHP
7 131 (12.27%) Java
8 88 (8.24%) R
9 46 (4.31%) C++
10 22 (2.06%) T-SQL
11 13 (1.22%) Ruby
12 12 (1.12%) Perl
13 10 (0.94%) C
13 10 (0.94%) PL/SQL
14 7 (0.66%) Bicep
14 7 (0.66%) Go
15 6 (0.56%) VB.NET
16 5 (0.47%) Objective-C
17 4 (0.37%) Apex Code
17 4 (0.37%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 203 (19.01%) Degree
2 170 (15.92%) AWS Certification
2 170 (15.92%) Microsoft Certification
3 168 (15.73%) Azure Certification
4 166 (15.54%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
5 110 (10.30%) Computer Science Degree
6 63 (5.90%) Security Cleared
7 39 (3.65%) SC Cleared
8 21 (1.97%) Master's Degree
9 16 (1.50%) DV Cleared
10 14 (1.31%) HND
11 7 (0.66%) DBS Check
12 6 (0.56%) Chartered Engineer
12 6 (0.56%) HNC
13 5 (0.47%) BPSS Clearance
13 5 (0.47%) ISTQB
14 4 (0.37%) AWS Certified Developer
14 4 (0.37%) ISEB
14 4 (0.37%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
15 3 (0.28%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 154 (14.42%) Accessibility
2 87 (8.15%) QA
3 52 (4.87%) WCAG
4 39 (3.65%) GDPR
5 8 (0.75%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.47%) PERC
6 5 (0.47%) Section 508
7 3 (0.28%) Data Quality
7 3 (0.28%) SLA
8 2 (0.19%) ISO/IEC 27001
9 1 (0.094%) Actionable Recommendations
9 1 (0.094%) HL7
9 1 (0.094%) MiFID
System Software
1 96 (8.99%) Docker
2 15 (1.40%) Active Directory
3 6 (0.56%) VMware ESXi
3 6 (0.56%) VMware Infrastructure
4 1 (0.094%) Firmware
Systems Management
1 63 (5.90%) Kubernetes
2 33 (3.09%) Terraform
3 6 (0.56%) Functional Safety
4 4 (0.37%) Argo
4 4 (0.37%) Grafana
4 4 (0.37%) Single Sign-On
5 3 (0.28%) cPanel
5 3 (0.28%) Plesk
6 2 (0.19%) Ansible
6 2 (0.19%) Prometheus
7 1 (0.094%) Microsoft Intune
Vendors
1 288 (26.97%) Microsoft
2 81 (7.58%) Adobe
3 51 (4.78%) Google
4 35 (3.28%) ServiceNow
5 29 (2.72%) Oracle
6 28 (2.62%) Salesforce
7 14 (1.31%) Siemens
8 12 (1.12%) Cisco
9 9 (0.84%) Ahrefs
9 9 (0.84%) Apple
9 9 (0.84%) Guidewire
9 9 (0.84%) HubSpot
10 8 (0.75%) Allen-Bradley
10 8 (0.75%) Toshiba
11 7 (0.66%) WooCommerce
12 6 (0.56%) AVEVA
12 6 (0.56%) Rockwell
12 6 (0.56%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
12 6 (0.56%) Splunk
12 6 (0.56%) VMware