CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 18 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
18 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 135 61 61
Rank change year-on-year -74 0 -20
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,064 2,517 2,362
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 2.02% 3.76% 4.49%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.57% 18.57% 16.74%
Number of salaries quoted 825 1,283 2,066
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,063
25th Percentile £28,250 £41,250 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £47,500 £55,000 £58,000
Median % change year-on-year -13.64% -5.17% +0.87%
75th Percentile £67,500 £71,250 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £40,000 £52,500 £54,000
% change year-on-year -23.81% -2.78% +2.86%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,301 13,553 14,111
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 13.87% 20.24% 26.83%
Number of salaries quoted 5,204 8,120 11,562
10th Percentile £36,250 £39,250 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £48,956 £50,686
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £67,500 £65,000 £65,351
Median % change year-on-year +3.85% -0.54% +0.54%
75th Percentile £86,250 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £115,000 £110,000 £106,289
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 18 November 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 18 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -79 935 £50,000 -9.09% 1,148
UK excluding London -83 683 £40,000 -23.81% 909
Work from Home -45 407 £52,000 -5.45% 465
London -37 287 £67,500 +3.85% 405
North of England -40 220 £38,750 -22.50% 220
South East -94 143 £42,500 -22.73% 260
Midlands -42 106 £43,000 -11.79% 152
Yorkshire -11 98 £30,500 -35.79% 65
North West -51 95 £47,500 -5.00% 137
East of England -54 79 £50,000 -16.67% 95
South West -60 75 £40,000 -27.27% 85
East Midlands -26 57 £47,500 +5.56% 56
West Midlands -37 50 £32,500 -38.10% 95
Scotland -70 37 £30,500 -39.00% 46
North East -12 27 £30,500 -53.08% 20
Wales -3 20 £67,500 +42.11% 43
Northern Ireland -15 3 £31,500 -33.68% 17

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 68 (6.39%) CMS
2 67 (6.30%) WordPress
3 25 (2.35%) Confluence
4 17 (1.60%) IIS
4 17 (1.60%) SharePoint
5 12 (1.13%) Umbraco
6 10 (0.94%) Drupal
6 10 (0.94%) Headless CMS
7 9 (0.85%) Apache
8 6 (0.56%) Adobe Experience Manager
8 6 (0.56%) nginx
9 2 (0.19%) Apache Airflow
9 2 (0.19%) ArcGIS
9 2 (0.19%) EPiServer
9 2 (0.19%) Mendix
9 2 (0.19%) Microsoft Exchange
9 2 (0.19%) Sitecore CMS
10 1 (0.094%) ColdFusion
10 1 (0.094%) JBoss
10 1 (0.094%) WebLogic
Applications
1 32 (3.01%) Adobe XD
2 29 (2.73%) Adobe Creative Suite
3 22 (2.07%) Microsoft Office
4 20 (1.88%) Adobe Illustrator
4 20 (1.88%) MS Visio
5 19 (1.79%) Photoshop
6 15 (1.41%) Sketch
7 9 (0.85%) Microsoft PowerPoint
8 8 (0.75%) AutoCAD
8 8 (0.75%) InDesign
8 8 (0.75%) SOLIDWORKS
9 7 (0.66%) Chatbot
10 5 (0.47%) InVision
11 3 (0.28%) Adobe After Effects
11 3 (0.28%) Adobe Premiere
11 3 (0.28%) Elementor
11 3 (0.28%) Microsoft Excel
12 1 (0.094%) CapCut
12 1 (0.094%) Spreadsheet
12 1 (0.094%) Trello
Business Applications
1 22 (2.07%) Shopify
2 19 (1.79%) Dynamics CRM
3 12 (1.13%) Sprinklr
4 6 (0.56%) Magento
5 5 (0.47%) Payment Gateway
6 3 (0.28%) Sage 1000
6 3 (0.28%) SAP Business One
7 2 (0.19%) Elite 3E
7 2 (0.19%) Salesforce CRM
8 1 (0.094%) NetSuite
8 1 (0.094%) Oracle BPM
8 1 (0.094%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 425 (39.94%) Azure
2 319 (29.98%) AWS
3 252 (23.68%) GitHub
4 77 (7.24%) Figma
5 75 (7.05%) Serverless
6 46 (4.32%) GCP
7 43 (4.04%) Azure DevOps
7 43 (4.04%) SaaS
8 42 (3.95%) Google Analytics
9 36 (3.38%) Power Platform
10 31 (2.91%) Azure Service Bus
11 26 (2.44%) Power Automate
12 23 (2.16%) Amazon S3
12 23 (2.16%) Azure Cosmos DB
12 23 (2.16%) Azure Functions
12 23 (2.16%) Azure Logic Apps
13 22 (2.07%) Amazon SQS
13 22 (2.07%) AWS Lambda
13 22 (2.07%) npm
14 20 (1.88%) PowerApps
Communications & Networking
1 167 (15.70%) Internet
2 9 (0.85%) HTTP
3 6 (0.56%) Ethernet
3 6 (0.56%) Modbus
3 6 (0.56%) MQTT
4 4 (0.38%) Intranet
5 3 (0.28%) DNS
6 2 (0.19%) AMQP
6 2 (0.19%) Broadband
6 2 (0.19%) HTTPS
7 1 (0.094%) Firewall
7 1 (0.094%) FTP
7 1 (0.094%) SSH
7 1 (0.094%) Wi-Fi
7 1 (0.094%) WPA
Database & Business Intelligence
1 165 (15.51%) SQL Server
2 146 (13.72%) MySQL
3 51 (4.79%) PostgreSQL
4 47 (4.42%) Relational Database
5 45 (4.23%) NoSQL
6 28 (2.63%) MongoDB
7 21 (1.97%) Power BI
8 16 (1.50%) Elasticsearch
8 16 (1.50%) Redis
9 11 (1.03%) Azure SQL Database
10 10 (0.94%) Data Warehouse
10 10 (0.94%) DynamoDB
10 10 (0.94%) GIS
10 10 (0.94%) Looker
10 10 (0.94%) SQL Server Reporting Services
11 8 (0.75%) Metadata
12 7 (0.66%) DB2
12 7 (0.66%) SQL Server Integration Services
13 6 (0.56%) Amazon RDS
13 6 (0.56%) Big Data
Development Applications
1 383 (36.00%) Git
2 59 (5.55%) JIRA
3 49 (4.61%) webpack
4 44 (4.14%) Cypress.io
5 30 (2.82%) Jenkins
6 27 (2.54%) Visual Studio
6 27 (2.54%) Vite
7 24 (2.26%) Selenium
8 19 (1.79%) Axure RP
9 17 (1.60%) TeamCity
10 16 (1.50%) Bitbucket
11 15 (1.41%) Babel
12 11 (1.03%) Visual Studio Code
13 10 (0.94%) Balsamiq
13 10 (0.94%) gulp
13 10 (0.94%) SonarQube
13 10 (0.94%) Team Foundation Server
14 9 (0.85%) Maven
14 9 (0.85%) Octopus Deploy
15 8 (0.75%) GitLab
General
1 327 (30.73%) Social Skills
2 200 (18.80%) Finance
3 168 (15.79%) Multimedia
4 122 (11.47%) Law
5 118 (11.09%) Marketing
6 114 (10.71%) Analytical Skills
7 77 (7.24%) Inclusion and Diversity
8 48 (4.51%) Retail
9 41 (3.85%) Public Sector
10 38 (3.57%) Banking
11 32 (3.01%) Legal
12 18 (1.69%) Advertising
12 18 (1.69%) Games
13 15 (1.41%) Publishing
14 13 (1.22%) Organisational Skills
15 12 (1.13%) Manufacturing
16 9 (0.85%) Pharmaceutical
17 8 (0.75%) Back Office
17 8 (0.75%) Military
18 7 (0.66%) Automotive
Job Titles
1 613 (57.61%) Developer
2 173 (16.26%) Senior
3 161 (15.13%) Trainee
4 139 (13.06%) Software Developer
5 128 (12.03%) Full-Stack Developer
6 121 (11.37%) Senior Developer
7 92 (8.65%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
8 76 (7.14%) Trainee Developer
9 75 (7.05%) Trainee Software Developer
10 74 (6.95%) Software Engineer
11 73 (6.86%) .NET Developer
12 65 (6.11%) Lead
13 55 (5.17%) C# Developer
13 55 (5.17%) PHP Developer
14 52 (4.89%) Graduate
14 52 (4.89%) Graduate Developer
15 51 (4.79%) Designer
16 47 (4.42%) React Developer
17 43 (4.04%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
18 37 (3.48%) IT Graduate
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 932 (87.59%) HTML
2 352 (33.08%) React
3 246 (23.12%) .NET
4 155 (14.57%) HTML5
5 134 (12.59%) RESTful
6 131 (12.31%) AngularJS
7 123 (11.56%) CSS3
7 123 (11.56%) Node.js
8 120 (11.28%) ASP.NET
9 96 (9.02%) REST
10 93 (8.74%) jQuery
11 89 (8.36%) Vue
12 72 (6.77%) .NET Core
13 70 (6.58%) .NET Framework
14 67 (6.30%) JSON
15 64 (6.02%) Jest
16 61 (5.73%) GraphQL
17 52 (4.89%) XML
18 49 (4.61%) Sass
19 48 (4.51%) Tailwind CSS
Miscellaneous
1 50 (4.70%) Product Ownership
2 35 (3.29%) Cloud Native
3 32 (3.01%) Mobile App
4 25 (2.35%) Algorithms
5 24 (2.26%) Analytical Mindset
6 20 (1.88%) Data Structures
7 19 (1.79%) Onboarding
8 15 (1.41%) Self-Motivation
9 14 (1.32%) Motion Graphics
10 13 (1.22%) Data Centre
10 13 (1.22%) Social Media
10 13 (1.22%) Virtual Team
11 11 (1.03%) Greenfield Project
11 11 (1.03%) Legacy Systems
12 9 (0.85%) Data Protection Act
12 9 (0.85%) Distributed Systems
12 9 (0.85%) W3C
13 8 (0.75%) Low-Code
14 7 (0.66%) Online Games
14 7 (0.66%) Renewable Energy
Operating Systems
1 33 (3.10%) Linux
2 26 (2.44%) Windows
3 11 (1.03%) Android
4 10 (0.94%) Apple iOS
5 9 (0.85%) Windows Server
6 7 (0.66%) Unix
7 3 (0.28%) Mac OS
8 2 (0.19%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 450 (42.29%) Agile
2 294 (27.63%) Problem-Solving
3 280 (26.32%) User Experience
4 275 (25.85%) Mentoring
5 235 (22.09%) Full-Stack Development
6 200 (18.80%) Front End Development
7 180 (16.92%) CI/CD
8 170 (15.98%) DevOps
9 165 (15.51%) Cybersecurity
10 145 (13.63%) MVC
11 139 (13.06%) Computer Science
11 139 (13.06%) Continuous Improvement
12 127 (11.94%) UX Design
13 126 (11.84%) Software Engineering
14 124 (11.65%) Web Development
15 103 (9.68%) OOP
16 98 (9.21%) Test Automation
17 95 (8.93%) OO
18 94 (8.83%) Analytics
19 86 (8.08%) Scrum
Programming Languages
1 836 (78.57%) JavaScript
2 270 (25.38%) Python
3 255 (23.97%) C#
4 252 (23.68%) SQL
5 224 (21.05%) TypeScript
6 138 (12.97%) PHP
7 135 (12.69%) Java
8 85 (7.99%) R
9 49 (4.61%) C++
10 23 (2.16%) T-SQL
11 12 (1.13%) Perl
11 12 (1.13%) Ruby
12 10 (0.94%) C
12 10 (0.94%) PL/SQL
13 7 (0.66%) Bicep
13 7 (0.66%) Go
13 7 (0.66%) VB.NET
14 5 (0.47%) Objective-C
15 4 (0.38%) PowerShell
15 4 (0.38%) XAML
Qualifications
1 212 (19.92%) Degree
2 167 (15.70%) AWS Certification
3 165 (15.51%) Microsoft Certification
4 163 (15.32%) Azure Certification
5 161 (15.13%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
6 119 (11.18%) Computer Science Degree
7 61 (5.73%) Security Cleared
8 38 (3.57%) SC Cleared
9 21 (1.97%) Master's Degree
10 16 (1.50%) DV Cleared
11 14 (1.32%) HND
12 6 (0.56%) AWS Certified Developer
12 6 (0.56%) Chartered Engineer
12 6 (0.56%) HNC
13 5 (0.47%) BPSS Clearance
13 5 (0.47%) DBS Check
13 5 (0.47%) ISTQB
14 4 (0.38%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
15 3 (0.28%) ISEB
15 3 (0.28%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 157 (14.76%) Accessibility
2 90 (8.46%) QA
3 50 (4.70%) WCAG
4 42 (3.95%) GDPR
5 8 (0.75%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.47%) PERC
6 5 (0.47%) Section 508
7 4 (0.38%) SLA
8 2 (0.19%) Data Quality
8 2 (0.19%) ISO/IEC 27001
9 1 (0.094%) Actionable Recommendations
9 1 (0.094%) MiFID
System Software
1 94 (8.83%) Docker
2 15 (1.41%) Active Directory
3 6 (0.56%) VMware ESXi
3 6 (0.56%) VMware Infrastructure
4 1 (0.094%) Firmware
Systems Management
1 60 (5.64%) Kubernetes
2 35 (3.29%) Terraform
3 6 (0.56%) Functional Safety
4 4 (0.38%) Grafana
4 4 (0.38%) Single Sign-On
5 3 (0.28%) Argo
6 2 (0.19%) Prometheus
7 1 (0.094%) Ansible
7 1 (0.094%) cPanel
7 1 (0.094%) Microsoft Intune
7 1 (0.094%) Plesk
Vendors
1 285 (26.79%) Microsoft
2 80 (7.52%) Adobe
3 51 (4.79%) Google
4 35 (3.29%) ServiceNow
5 30 (2.82%) Oracle
6 29 (2.73%) Salesforce
7 14 (1.32%) Siemens
8 12 (1.13%) Cisco
9 10 (0.94%) Ahrefs
9 10 (0.94%) Guidewire
10 9 (0.85%) Apple
10 9 (0.85%) HubSpot
11 8 (0.75%) Allen-Bradley
11 8 (0.75%) Toshiba
12 7 (0.66%) Splunk
12 7 (0.66%) WooCommerce
13 6 (0.56%) Rockwell
13 6 (0.56%) Rollbar
13 6 (0.56%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
13 6 (0.56%) Screaming Frog