CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 21 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
21 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 136 64 70
Rank change year-on-year -72 +6 -32
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,035 2,312 2,073
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 1.75% 4.11% 4.28%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.75% 18.99% 16.34%
Number of salaries quoted 838 1,265 1,807
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £40,500 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £45,000 £55,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -18.18% -8.33% +4.35%
75th Percentile £63,750 £71,250 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £37,500 £52,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -28.57% -4.55% +4.76%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,017 12,172 12,685
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 11.88% 21.62% 26.18%
Number of salaries quoted 5,249 7,329 10,394
10th Percentile £35,854 £38,750 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £49,383 £51,250
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £65,000 £65,000 £65,158
Median % change year-on-year - -0.24% -1.28%
75th Percentile £85,000 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £111,250 £110,000 £107,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 21 December 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 21 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -71 922 £47,000 -14.55% 576
UK excluding London -75 698 £37,500 -28.57% 542
Work from Home -66 345 £50,000 -9.09% 206
North of England -25 269 £30,500 -39.00% 147
London -56 248 £65,000 - 155
South East -91 135 £50,000 -15.43% 146
Yorkshire +1 122 £30,500 -28.24% 52
North West -34 113 £42,500 -19.05% 78
Midlands -73 94 £40,000 -20.00% 91
East of England -52 80 £55,000 +10.00% 74
South West -68 69 £37,250 -32.27% 53
West Midlands -42 48 £30,500 -44.55% 55
East Midlands -56 47 £45,000 +15.38% 36
North East -5 34 £30,500 -41.90% 20
Scotland -69 33 £30,500 -39.90% 27
Wales -20 16 £50,000 +5.26% 14
Northern Ireland -10 3 £31,500 -30.00% 3
Channel Islands +4 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 62 (5.99%) CMS
1 62 (5.99%) WordPress
2 24 (2.32%) Confluence
3 14 (1.35%) SharePoint
4 9 (0.87%) Headless CMS
4 9 (0.87%) Umbraco
5 8 (0.77%) nginx
6 7 (0.68%) Apache
6 7 (0.68%) Drupal
7 6 (0.58%) Adobe Experience Manager
7 6 (0.58%) IIS
8 3 (0.29%) Apache Airflow
9 2 (0.19%) ArcGIS
9 2 (0.19%) EPiServer
9 2 (0.19%) Liferay
9 2 (0.19%) Mendix
9 2 (0.19%) Microsoft Exchange
9 2 (0.19%) Sitecore CMS
10 1 (0.097%) ColdFusion
10 1 (0.097%) SugarCRM
Applications
1 29 (2.80%) Adobe XD
2 24 (2.32%) Adobe Creative Suite
3 23 (2.22%) MS Visio
4 22 (2.13%) Microsoft Office
5 17 (1.64%) Sketch
6 11 (1.06%) Adobe Illustrator
7 10 (0.97%) Microsoft PowerPoint
8 9 (0.87%) InVision
9 8 (0.77%) AutoCAD
9 8 (0.77%) Chatbot
9 8 (0.77%) Photoshop
9 8 (0.77%) SOLIDWORKS
10 3 (0.29%) Adobe After Effects
10 3 (0.29%) Adobe Premiere
10 3 (0.29%) InDesign
11 2 (0.19%) Microsoft Excel
11 2 (0.19%) Windchill
12 1 (0.097%) Siemens NX
12 1 (0.097%) Spreadsheet
12 1 (0.097%) Trello
Business Applications
1 18 (1.74%) Dynamics CRM
1 18 (1.74%) Shopify
2 6 (0.58%) Sprinklr
3 5 (0.48%) Payment Gateway
4 3 (0.29%) SAP Business One
5 2 (0.19%) Salesforce CRM
5 2 (0.19%) Teamcenter
6 1 (0.097%) Magento
6 1 (0.097%) NetSuite
Cloud Services
1 484 (46.76%) Azure
2 384 (37.10%) AWS
3 327 (31.59%) GitHub
4 76 (7.34%) Figma
5 64 (6.18%) Serverless
6 48 (4.64%) GCP
7 46 (4.44%) Azure DevOps
8 39 (3.77%) SaaS
9 34 (3.29%) Google Analytics
10 32 (3.09%) Power Platform
11 24 (2.32%) Power Automate
12 19 (1.84%) Azure Functions
12 19 (1.84%) Azure Service Bus
13 18 (1.74%) Azure Logic Apps
13 18 (1.74%) Entra ID
14 17 (1.64%) Azure Cosmos DB
14 17 (1.64%) PowerApps
15 16 (1.55%) Amazon S3
15 16 (1.55%) AWS Lambda
16 15 (1.45%) Amazon SQS
Communications & Networking
1 247 (23.86%) Internet
2 10 (0.97%) HTTP
3 6 (0.58%) Intranet
4 3 (0.29%) AMQP
5 2 (0.19%) DNS
5 2 (0.19%) HTTPS
6 1 (0.097%) Firewall
6 1 (0.097%) SSH
6 1 (0.097%) SSL
6 1 (0.097%) Wi-Fi
Database & Business Intelligence
1 137 (13.24%) SQL Server
2 110 (10.63%) MySQL
3 47 (4.54%) PostgreSQL
3 47 (4.54%) Relational Database
4 44 (4.25%) NoSQL
5 17 (1.64%) MongoDB
6 16 (1.55%) Power BI
7 13 (1.26%) DB2
8 11 (1.06%) Azure SQL Database
9 10 (0.97%) GIS
10 8 (0.77%) Data Warehouse
10 8 (0.77%) Metadata
11 7 (0.68%) Looker
12 6 (0.58%) Redis
13 5 (0.48%) DynamoDB
13 5 (0.48%) SQL Server Reporting Services
14 4 (0.39%) Elasticsearch
14 4 (0.39%) MariaDB
15 3 (0.29%) SQL Server Integration Services
15 3 (0.29%) Tableau
Development Applications
1 410 (39.61%) Git
2 49 (4.73%) JIRA
3 38 (3.67%) Jenkins
4 34 (3.29%) webpack
5 29 (2.80%) Cypress.io
6 23 (2.22%) Selenium
7 20 (1.93%) Axure RP
8 18 (1.74%) Visual Studio
9 16 (1.55%) TeamCity
10 15 (1.45%) Babel
11 14 (1.35%) Bitbucket
11 14 (1.35%) Cucumber
12 10 (0.97%) Balsamiq
13 9 (0.87%) gulp
14 8 (0.77%) GitLab
14 8 (0.77%) Oracle APEX
14 8 (0.77%) Visual Studio Code
14 8 (0.77%) Vite
15 7 (0.68%) JUnit
16 6 (0.58%) SonarQube
General
1 280 (27.05%) Social Skills
2 252 (24.35%) Multimedia
3 125 (12.08%) Finance
4 103 (9.95%) Analytical Skills
5 92 (8.89%) Marketing
6 82 (7.92%) Law
7 45 (4.35%) Public Sector
8 39 (3.77%) Retail
9 38 (3.67%) Inclusion and Diversity
10 33 (3.19%) Banking
11 24 (2.32%) Legal
12 15 (1.45%) Organisational Skills
12 15 (1.45%) Publishing
13 13 (1.26%) Advertising
14 10 (0.97%) Games
15 9 (0.87%) Military
16 7 (0.68%) Aeronautics
17 5 (0.48%) Electronics
18 4 (0.39%) Manufacturing
18 4 (0.39%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 587 (56.71%) Developer
2 245 (23.67%) Trainee
3 165 (15.94%) Senior
3 165 (15.94%) Software Developer
4 122 (11.79%) Full-Stack Developer
5 115 (11.11%) Trainee Developer
6 112 (10.82%) Senior Developer
7 106 (10.24%) Trainee Software Developer
8 68 (6.57%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
9 60 (5.80%) .NET Developer
10 52 (5.02%) Designer
11 45 (4.35%) C# Developer
11 45 (4.35%) PHP Developer
12 41 (3.96%) Web Developer
13 39 (3.77%) React Developer
14 38 (3.67%) Lead
14 38 (3.67%) Software Engineer
15 37 (3.57%) Graduate
15 37 (3.57%) Graduate Developer
15 37 (3.57%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 925 (89.37%) HTML
2 316 (30.53%) React
3 201 (19.42%) .NET
4 130 (12.56%) Node.js
5 123 (11.88%) RESTful
6 112 (10.82%) HTML5
7 105 (10.14%) AngularJS
8 89 (8.60%) CSS3
9 88 (8.50%) ASP.NET
10 81 (7.83%) Vue
11 76 (7.34%) jQuery
12 71 (6.86%) REST
13 64 (6.18%) .NET Core
14 56 (5.41%) .NET Framework
15 51 (4.93%) GraphQL
16 49 (4.73%) JSON
17 47 (4.54%) XML
18 45 (4.35%) Tailwind CSS
19 40 (3.86%) Laravel
20 39 (3.77%) Jest
Miscellaneous
1 47 (4.54%) Product Ownership
2 33 (3.19%) Mobile App
3 32 (3.09%) Cloud Native
4 20 (1.93%) Data Structures
4 20 (1.93%) Greenfield Project
5 19 (1.84%) Self-Motivation
6 18 (1.74%) Onboarding
7 16 (1.55%) Analytical Mindset
8 13 (1.26%) Legacy Systems
9 12 (1.16%) Low-Code
9 12 (1.16%) Motion Graphics
9 12 (1.16%) Social Media
10 10 (0.97%) Distributed Systems
10 10 (0.97%) Virtual Team
11 9 (0.87%) Enterprise Software
12 8 (0.77%) Cybercrime
12 8 (0.77%) W3C
13 7 (0.68%) Algorithms
13 7 (0.68%) Data Centre
14 6 (0.58%) Data Protection Act
Operating Systems
1 30 (2.90%) Linux
2 26 (2.51%) Windows
3 11 (1.06%) Android
3 11 (1.06%) Apple iOS
4 6 (0.58%) Windows Server
5 5 (0.48%) Unix
6 3 (0.29%) Mac OS
7 2 (0.19%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 387 (37.39%) Agile
2 337 (32.56%) Mentoring
3 251 (24.25%) User Experience
4 234 (22.61%) Problem-Solving
5 230 (22.22%) Cybersecurity
6 223 (21.55%) Full-Stack Development
7 172 (16.62%) Front End Development
8 167 (16.14%) CI/CD
9 151 (14.59%) DevOps
10 118 (11.40%) Web Development
11 117 (11.30%) Continuous Improvement
12 116 (11.21%) MVC
13 113 (10.92%) UX Design
14 107 (10.34%) Computer Science
15 87 (8.41%) Software Engineering
16 86 (8.31%) Analytics
17 82 (7.92%) OOP
18 79 (7.63%) Test Automation
19 75 (7.25%) Scrum
20 73 (7.05%) Clean Code
Programming Languages
1 836 (80.77%) JavaScript
2 339 (32.75%) Python
3 213 (20.58%) SQL
4 202 (19.52%) C#
5 188 (18.16%) TypeScript
6 132 (12.75%) R
7 110 (10.63%) Java
8 105 (10.14%) PHP
9 34 (3.29%) C++
10 13 (1.26%) T-SQL
11 12 (1.16%) Perl
11 12 (1.16%) Ruby
12 10 (0.97%) PL/SQL
13 8 (0.77%) C
14 5 (0.48%) Bicep
14 5 (0.48%) Go
14 5 (0.48%) PowerShell
15 4 (0.39%) Apex Code
15 4 (0.39%) Objective-C
15 4 (0.39%) XAML
Qualifications
1 252 (24.35%) Microsoft Certification
2 246 (23.77%) Azure Certification
3 245 (23.67%) AWS Certification
3 245 (23.67%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
4 173 (16.71%) Degree
5 91 (8.79%) Computer Science Degree
6 64 (6.18%) Security Cleared
7 40 (3.86%) SC Cleared
8 21 (2.03%) Master's Degree
9 15 (1.45%) DV Cleared
10 8 (0.77%) HND
11 7 (0.68%) BPSS Clearance
11 7 (0.68%) DBS Check
12 4 (0.39%) ISEB
12 4 (0.39%) ISTQB
12 4 (0.39%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
13 2 (0.19%) CCA
13 2 (0.19%) MCP
14 1 (0.097%) OCP
14 1 (0.097%) PhD
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 141 (13.62%) Accessibility
2 69 (6.67%) QA
3 51 (4.93%) WCAG
4 32 (3.09%) GDPR
5 8 (0.77%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.48%) PERC
6 5 (0.48%) Section 508
7 3 (0.29%) Data Quality
7 3 (0.29%) SLA
8 1 (0.097%) Actionable Recommendations
8 1 (0.097%) HL7
8 1 (0.097%) ISO/IEC 27001
8 1 (0.097%) NCSC
8 1 (0.097%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 95 (9.18%) Docker
2 15 (1.45%) Active Directory
3 1 (0.097%) Virtual Desktop
Systems Management
1 59 (5.70%) Kubernetes
2 27 (2.61%) Terraform
3 4 (0.39%) Argo
3 4 (0.39%) Single Sign-On
4 3 (0.29%) cPanel
4 3 (0.29%) Grafana
4 3 (0.29%) Plesk
5 2 (0.19%) Ansible
5 2 (0.19%) Prometheus
6 1 (0.097%) Active Directory Federation Services
6 1 (0.097%) Microsoft Intune
6 1 (0.097%) Nagios
Vendors
1 352 (34.01%) Microsoft
2 68 (6.57%) Adobe
3 44 (4.25%) Google
4 34 (3.29%) ServiceNow
5 24 (2.32%) Salesforce
6 20 (1.93%) Oracle
7 12 (1.16%) Cisco
8 10 (0.97%) Atlassian
9 9 (0.87%) Apple
9 9 (0.87%) Siemens
10 8 (0.77%) Allen-Bradley
10 8 (0.77%) HubSpot
10 8 (0.77%) Toshiba
11 7 (0.68%) Ahrefs
12 6 (0.58%) Red Hat
12 6 (0.58%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
13 5 (0.48%) Hotjar
13 5 (0.48%) Meraki
13 5 (0.48%) OpenAI
13 5 (0.48%) SAP