CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 3 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
3 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 141 61 61
Rank change year-on-year -80 0 -20
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,019 2,522 2,212
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 1.87% 3.97% 4.40%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.39% 18.76% 16.66%
Number of salaries quoted 803 1,335 1,947
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £40,500 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £47,000 £55,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -14.55% -8.33% +4.35%
75th Percentile £66,250 £71,250 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £40,000 £52,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -23.81% -4.55% +4.76%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,079 13,444 13,281
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 12.96% 21.19% 26.44%
Number of salaries quoted 5,185 8,159 10,946
10th Percentile £36,250 £38,750 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £48,750 £51,250
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £67,500 £65,000 £66,500
Median % change year-on-year +3.85% -2.26% +2.31%
75th Percentile £86,250 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £113,750 £110,000 £106,289
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 3 December 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 3 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -75 900 £47,500 -13.64% 809
UK excluding London -89 669 £40,000 -23.81% 736
Work from Home -55 369 £50,000 -9.09% 236
London -43 262 £67,500 +3.85% 224
North of England -37 244 £31,500 -37.00% 184
South East -94 128 £45,000 -21.74% 205
Yorkshire -8 110 £30,500 -35.79% 50
North West -44 103 £45,000 -10.00% 110
Midlands -44 100 £42,039 -15.92% 132
East of England -48 72 £55,000 - 92
South West -68 69 £38,500 -30.00% 68
East Midlands -37 55 £47,500 +18.75% 47
West Midlands -37 46 £30,500 -44.55% 85
Scotland -61 34 £30,500 -39.00% 30
North East -4 31 £30,500 -41.90% 26
Wales -9 20 £67,500 +42.11% 28
Northern Ireland -14 3 £31,500 -38.54% 5
Channel Islands +5 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 62 (6.08%) CMS
1 62 (6.08%) WordPress
2 24 (2.36%) Confluence
3 16 (1.57%) SharePoint
4 9 (0.88%) Headless CMS
4 9 (0.88%) Umbraco
5 7 (0.69%) Apache
5 7 (0.69%) Drupal
5 7 (0.69%) IIS
6 6 (0.59%) Adobe Experience Manager
6 6 (0.59%) nginx
7 3 (0.29%) Apache Airflow
8 2 (0.20%) ArcGIS
8 2 (0.20%) EPiServer
8 2 (0.20%) Mendix
8 2 (0.20%) Microsoft Exchange
8 2 (0.20%) Sitecore CMS
9 1 (0.098%) Apache Solr
9 1 (0.098%) ColdFusion
9 1 (0.098%) SugarCRM
Applications
1 29 (2.85%) Adobe XD
2 26 (2.55%) Adobe Creative Suite
3 22 (2.16%) Microsoft Office
4 21 (2.06%) MS Visio
5 15 (1.47%) Sketch
6 14 (1.37%) Adobe Illustrator
7 12 (1.18%) Photoshop
8 10 (0.98%) Microsoft PowerPoint
9 8 (0.79%) AutoCAD
9 8 (0.79%) Chatbot
9 8 (0.79%) SOLIDWORKS
10 7 (0.69%) InDesign
10 7 (0.69%) InVision
11 3 (0.29%) Adobe After Effects
11 3 (0.29%) Adobe Premiere
11 3 (0.29%) Microsoft Excel
12 1 (0.098%) CapCut
12 1 (0.098%) Spreadsheet
12 1 (0.098%) Trello
12 1 (0.098%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 19 (1.86%) Shopify
2 16 (1.57%) Dynamics CRM
3 11 (1.08%) Sprinklr
4 5 (0.49%) Payment Gateway
5 3 (0.29%) SAP Business One
6 2 (0.20%) Salesforce CRM
7 1 (0.098%) Magento
7 1 (0.098%) NetSuite
7 1 (0.098%) Sage 1000
7 1 (0.098%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 448 (43.96%) Azure
2 330 (32.38%) AWS
3 279 (27.38%) GitHub
4 72 (7.07%) Figma
5 69 (6.77%) Serverless
6 46 (4.51%) GCP
7 44 (4.32%) Azure DevOps
8 42 (4.12%) SaaS
9 38 (3.73%) Google Analytics
10 32 (3.14%) Power Platform
11 27 (2.65%) Azure Service Bus
12 23 (2.26%) Power Automate
13 22 (2.16%) Azure Functions
14 21 (2.06%) Azure Cosmos DB
14 21 (2.06%) Azure Logic Apps
15 19 (1.86%) AWS Lambda
16 18 (1.77%) Amazon S3
16 18 (1.77%) Entra ID
17 17 (1.67%) Amazon SQS
17 17 (1.67%) PaaS
Communications & Networking
1 200 (19.63%) Internet
2 12 (1.18%) HTTP
3 6 (0.59%) Intranet
4 4 (0.39%) Ethernet
4 4 (0.39%) Modbus
4 4 (0.39%) MQTT
5 3 (0.29%) AMQP
6 2 (0.20%) DNS
6 2 (0.20%) HTTPS
7 1 (0.098%) Firewall
7 1 (0.098%) SSH
7 1 (0.098%) Wi-Fi
Database & Business Intelligence
1 149 (14.62%) SQL Server
2 118 (11.58%) MySQL
3 49 (4.81%) Relational Database
4 47 (4.61%) PostgreSQL
5 44 (4.32%) NoSQL
6 25 (2.45%) MongoDB
7 17 (1.67%) Power BI
8 12 (1.18%) Azure SQL Database
9 10 (0.98%) DB2
9 10 (0.98%) GIS
9 10 (0.98%) Redis
10 9 (0.88%) Looker
11 8 (0.79%) Data Warehouse
11 8 (0.79%) Metadata
12 7 (0.69%) DynamoDB
12 7 (0.69%) SQL Server Reporting Services
13 5 (0.49%) Elasticsearch
14 4 (0.39%) Amazon RDS
14 4 (0.39%) MariaDB
14 4 (0.39%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 375 (36.80%) Git
2 49 (4.81%) JIRA
3 41 (4.02%) webpack
4 36 (3.53%) Cypress.io
5 35 (3.43%) Jenkins
6 22 (2.16%) Selenium
7 21 (2.06%) Visual Studio
8 20 (1.96%) Axure RP
9 14 (1.37%) Babel
9 14 (1.37%) Vite
10 13 (1.28%) TeamCity
11 12 (1.18%) Bitbucket
11 12 (1.18%) Cucumber
12 11 (1.08%) Balsamiq
13 10 (0.98%) JUnit
14 9 (0.88%) GitLab
14 9 (0.88%) gulp
14 9 (0.88%) SonarQube
15 8 (0.79%) Maven
15 8 (0.79%) Oracle APEX
General
1 291 (28.56%) Social Skills
2 204 (20.02%) Multimedia
3 162 (15.90%) Finance
4 107 (10.50%) Analytical Skills
5 105 (10.30%) Marketing
6 100 (9.81%) Law
7 52 (5.10%) Inclusion and Diversity
8 43 (4.22%) Public Sector
9 42 (4.12%) Retail
10 34 (3.34%) Banking
11 27 (2.65%) Legal
12 16 (1.57%) Advertising
13 15 (1.47%) Publishing
14 13 (1.28%) Organisational Skills
15 10 (0.98%) Games
16 9 (0.88%) Manufacturing
17 8 (0.79%) Military
17 8 (0.79%) Pharmaceutical
18 6 (0.59%) Aeronautics
19 5 (0.49%) Back Office
Job Titles
1 568 (55.74%) Developer
2 197 (19.33%) Trainee
3 159 (15.60%) Senior
4 150 (14.72%) Software Developer
5 118 (11.58%) Full-Stack Developer
6 105 (10.30%) Senior Developer
7 96 (9.42%) Trainee Developer
8 91 (8.93%) Trainee Software Developer
9 70 (6.87%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
10 62 (6.08%) .NET Developer
11 57 (5.59%) Software Engineer
12 54 (5.30%) Lead
13 53 (5.20%) Designer
14 49 (4.81%) C# Developer
15 47 (4.61%) PHP Developer
16 45 (4.42%) Graduate
16 45 (4.42%) Graduate Developer
17 42 (4.12%) React Developer
18 39 (3.83%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
19 36 (3.53%) Web Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 902 (88.52%) HTML
2 321 (31.50%) React
3 220 (21.59%) .NET
4 132 (12.95%) Node.js
5 121 (11.87%) RESTful
6 120 (11.78%) HTML5
7 113 (11.09%) AngularJS
8 98 (9.62%) ASP.NET
9 93 (9.13%) CSS3
10 83 (8.15%) jQuery
11 80 (7.85%) Vue
12 79 (7.75%) REST
13 67 (6.58%) .NET Core
14 60 (5.89%) .NET Framework
15 58 (5.69%) JSON
16 54 (5.30%) GraphQL
17 49 (4.81%) Jest
17 49 (4.81%) XML
18 46 (4.51%) Tailwind CSS
19 40 (3.93%) Entity Framework
Miscellaneous
1 51 (5.00%) Product Ownership
2 32 (3.14%) Cloud Native
3 30 (2.94%) Mobile App
4 21 (2.06%) Analytical Mindset
5 18 (1.77%) Data Structures
5 18 (1.77%) Onboarding
6 16 (1.57%) Greenfield Project
6 16 (1.57%) Self-Motivation
7 14 (1.37%) Algorithms
7 14 (1.37%) Motion Graphics
7 14 (1.37%) Social Media
8 12 (1.18%) Legacy Systems
9 11 (1.08%) Low-Code
10 10 (0.98%) Data Centre
10 10 (0.98%) Distributed Systems
11 9 (0.88%) Data Protection Act
11 9 (0.88%) Virtual Team
12 8 (0.79%) W3C
13 7 (0.69%) Digital TV
14 6 (0.59%) Cybercrime
Operating Systems
1 29 (2.85%) Linux
2 25 (2.45%) Windows
3 11 (1.08%) Android
3 11 (1.08%) Apple iOS
4 7 (0.69%) Windows Server
5 5 (0.49%) Unix
6 3 (0.29%) Mac OS
7 2 (0.20%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 410 (40.24%) Agile
2 295 (28.95%) Mentoring
3 263 (25.81%) User Experience
4 256 (25.12%) Problem-Solving
5 228 (22.37%) Full-Stack Development
6 191 (18.74%) Cybersecurity
7 178 (17.47%) Front End Development
8 162 (15.90%) CI/CD
9 155 (15.21%) DevOps
10 126 (12.37%) Continuous Improvement
11 125 (12.27%) MVC
12 116 (11.38%) Web Development
13 115 (11.29%) UX Design
14 114 (11.19%) Computer Science
15 105 (10.30%) Software Engineering
16 90 (8.83%) OOP
17 88 (8.64%) Analytics
18 86 (8.44%) Test Automation
19 82 (8.05%) Scrum
20 78 (7.65%) OO
Programming Languages
1 812 (79.69%) JavaScript
2 302 (29.64%) Python
3 228 (22.37%) SQL
4 223 (21.88%) C#
5 198 (19.43%) TypeScript
6 122 (11.97%) Java
7 112 (10.99%) PHP
8 101 (9.91%) R
9 42 (4.12%) C++
10 16 (1.57%) T-SQL
11 12 (1.18%) Ruby
12 11 (1.08%) Perl
13 10 (0.98%) PL/SQL
14 8 (0.79%) C
14 8 (0.79%) Go
15 7 (0.69%) Bicep
16 4 (0.39%) ActionScript 3.0
16 4 (0.39%) Apex Code
16 4 (0.39%) VB.NET
16 4 (0.39%) XAML
Qualifications
1 201 (19.73%) Microsoft Certification
2 199 (19.53%) AWS Certification
2 199 (19.53%) Azure Certification
3 197 (19.33%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
4 186 (18.25%) Degree
5 99 (9.72%) Computer Science Degree
6 61 (5.99%) Security Cleared
7 38 (3.73%) SC Cleared
8 20 (1.96%) Master's Degree
9 15 (1.47%) DV Cleared
10 12 (1.18%) HND
11 7 (0.69%) DBS Check
12 6 (0.59%) BPSS Clearance
13 4 (0.39%) Chartered Engineer
13 4 (0.39%) HNC
13 4 (0.39%) ISEB
13 4 (0.39%) ISTQB
13 4 (0.39%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
14 2 (0.20%) CCA
14 2 (0.20%) MCP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 146 (14.33%) Accessibility
2 80 (7.85%) QA
3 53 (5.20%) WCAG
4 37 (3.63%) GDPR
5 8 (0.79%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.49%) PERC
6 5 (0.49%) Section 508
7 3 (0.29%) Data Quality
7 3 (0.29%) SLA
8 1 (0.098%) Actionable Recommendations
8 1 (0.098%) HL7
8 1 (0.098%) ISO/IEC 27001
8 1 (0.098%) NCSC
8 1 (0.098%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 90 (8.83%) Docker
2 15 (1.47%) Active Directory
3 4 (0.39%) VMware ESXi
3 4 (0.39%) VMware Infrastructure
Systems Management
1 60 (5.89%) Kubernetes
2 25 (2.45%) Terraform
3 4 (0.39%) Argo
3 4 (0.39%) Functional Safety
3 4 (0.39%) Grafana
4 3 (0.29%) cPanel
4 3 (0.29%) Plesk
4 3 (0.29%) Single Sign-On
5 2 (0.20%) Ansible
5 2 (0.20%) Prometheus
6 1 (0.098%) Microsoft Intune
Vendors
1 307 (30.13%) Microsoft
2 75 (7.36%) Adobe
3 46 (4.51%) Google
4 36 (3.53%) ServiceNow
5 25 (2.45%) Salesforce
6 21 (2.06%) Oracle
7 12 (1.18%) Cisco
7 12 (1.18%) Siemens
8 9 (0.88%) Apple
9 8 (0.79%) Ahrefs
9 8 (0.79%) Allen-Bradley
9 8 (0.79%) Toshiba
10 7 (0.69%) Atlassian
11 6 (0.59%) HubSpot
11 6 (0.59%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
12 5 (0.49%) Guidewire
12 5 (0.49%) Hotjar
12 5 (0.49%) Meraki
12 5 (0.49%) Red Hat
12 5 (0.49%) SAP