CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 31 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
31 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 136 63 71
Rank change year-on-year -73 +8 -32
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,044 2,274 2,139
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 1.76% 4.10% 4.18%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.84% 19.09% 16.50%
Number of salaries quoted 846 1,225 1,834
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £41,250 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £45,000 £55,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -18.18% -8.33% +4.35%
75th Percentile £63,750 £71,250 £74,110
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £35,000 £52,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -33.33% -4.55% +4.76%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,033 11,914 12,964
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 11.89% 21.48% 25.36%
Number of salaries quoted 5,239 7,105 10,562
10th Percentile £35,000 £38,806 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £50,000 £50,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £65,000 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year - - -3.70%
75th Percentile £85,000 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £110,000 £108,750 £106,289
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 31 December 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 31 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -69 931 £45,000 -18.18% 2,566
UK excluding London -73 705 £35,000 -33.33% 2,434
Work from Home -68 335 £50,000 -9.09% 1,572
North of England -23 277 £30,500 -39.00% 607
London -55 249 £62,500 -3.85% 370
South East -92 138 £50,000 -16.67% 578
Yorkshire +4 124 £30,500 -28.24% 235
North West -31 117 £39,500 -24.76% 325
Midlands -68 93 £37,500 -25.00% 451
East of England -45 76 £55,000 +10.00% 373
South West -72 69 £33,750 -41.30% 254
West Midlands -40 51 £30,500 -44.55% 229
East Midlands -59 43 £45,000 +15.38% 202
North East -1 36 £30,500 -41.90% 50
Scotland -68 35 £30,500 -39.90% 115
Wales -15 15 £46,000 -3.16% 63
Northern Ireland -9 3 £31,500 -30.00% 28
Channel Islands +3 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 61 (5.84%) WordPress
2 60 (5.75%) CMS
3 25 (2.39%) Confluence
4 15 (1.44%) SharePoint
5 9 (0.86%) nginx
5 9 (0.86%) Umbraco
6 7 (0.67%) Apache
6 7 (0.67%) Headless CMS
7 6 (0.57%) Drupal
8 5 (0.48%) Adobe Experience Manager
9 4 (0.38%) IIS
9 4 (0.38%) Microsoft Exchange
10 3 (0.29%) Apache Airflow
11 2 (0.19%) ArcGIS
11 2 (0.19%) EPiServer
11 2 (0.19%) govService
11 2 (0.19%) JBoss
11 2 (0.19%) Liferay
11 2 (0.19%) Mendix
11 2 (0.19%) Sitecore CMS
Applications
1 30 (2.87%) Adobe XD
2 23 (2.20%) Adobe Creative Suite
2 23 (2.20%) MS Visio
3 22 (2.11%) Microsoft Office
4 17 (1.63%) Sketch
5 12 (1.15%) Adobe Illustrator
6 10 (0.96%) Microsoft PowerPoint
7 9 (0.86%) InVision
7 9 (0.86%) Photoshop
8 8 (0.77%) AutoCAD
8 8 (0.77%) Chatbot
8 8 (0.77%) SOLIDWORKS
9 3 (0.29%) Adobe After Effects
9 3 (0.29%) Adobe Premiere
9 3 (0.29%) InDesign
9 3 (0.29%) Microsoft Excel
10 2 (0.19%) Windchill
11 1 (0.096%) Siemens NX
11 1 (0.096%) Spreadsheet
11 1 (0.096%) Trello
Business Applications
1 18 (1.72%) Dynamics CRM
2 17 (1.63%) Shopify
3 5 (0.48%) Payment Gateway
4 3 (0.29%) SAP Business One
5 2 (0.19%) Salesforce CRM
5 2 (0.19%) Teamcenter
6 1 (0.096%) Magento
6 1 (0.096%) NetSuite
Cloud Services
1 497 (47.61%) Azure
2 407 (38.98%) AWS
3 349 (33.43%) GitHub
4 76 (7.28%) Figma
5 68 (6.51%) Serverless
6 50 (4.79%) GCP
7 47 (4.50%) Azure DevOps
8 38 (3.64%) SaaS
9 33 (3.16%) Power Platform
10 32 (3.07%) Google Analytics
11 24 (2.30%) Power Automate
12 20 (1.92%) AWS Lambda
13 19 (1.82%) Amazon S3
14 18 (1.72%) Azure Functions
14 18 (1.72%) Entra ID
15 17 (1.63%) Azure Logic Apps
15 17 (1.63%) PowerApps
16 16 (1.53%) Azure Service Bus
17 15 (1.44%) Azure Cosmos DB
17 15 (1.44%) Dynamics 365
Communications & Networking
1 264 (25.29%) Internet
2 10 (0.96%) HTTP
3 6 (0.57%) Intranet
4 3 (0.29%) AMQP
5 2 (0.19%) DNS
5 2 (0.19%) HTTPS
6 1 (0.096%) Firewall
6 1 (0.096%) SSH
6 1 (0.096%) SSL
6 1 (0.096%) Wi-Fi
Database & Business Intelligence
1 131 (12.55%) SQL Server
2 103 (9.87%) MySQL
3 47 (4.50%) PostgreSQL
3 47 (4.50%) Relational Database
4 45 (4.31%) NoSQL
5 20 (1.92%) MongoDB
6 17 (1.63%) Power BI
7 13 (1.25%) DB2
8 11 (1.05%) Azure SQL Database
9 10 (0.96%) GIS
10 9 (0.86%) Data Warehouse
11 8 (0.77%) Looker
12 7 (0.67%) Metadata
13 5 (0.48%) DynamoDB
13 5 (0.48%) Redis
13 5 (0.48%) SQL Server Reporting Services
14 4 (0.38%) Amazon Redshift
14 4 (0.38%) MariaDB
15 3 (0.29%) BigQuery
15 3 (0.29%) Elasticsearch
Development Applications
1 430 (41.19%) Git
2 52 (4.98%) JIRA
3 40 (3.83%) Jenkins
4 33 (3.16%) webpack
5 28 (2.68%) Cypress.io
6 23 (2.20%) Selenium
7 21 (2.01%) Axure RP
8 17 (1.63%) Visual Studio
9 16 (1.53%) TeamCity
10 14 (1.34%) Bitbucket
10 14 (1.34%) Cucumber
11 13 (1.25%) Babel
12 11 (1.05%) Balsamiq
13 10 (0.96%) gulp
14 9 (0.86%) Vite
15 8 (0.77%) GitLab
15 8 (0.77%) JUnit
15 8 (0.77%) Oracle APEX
15 8 (0.77%) Visual Studio Code
16 5 (0.48%) Maven
General
1 280 (26.82%) Social Skills
2 269 (25.77%) Multimedia
3 121 (11.59%) Finance
4 104 (9.96%) Analytical Skills
5 90 (8.62%) Marketing
6 81 (7.76%) Law
7 48 (4.60%) Public Sector
8 40 (3.83%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 33 (3.16%) Banking
10 32 (3.07%) Retail
11 25 (2.39%) Legal
12 14 (1.34%) Organisational Skills
12 14 (1.34%) Publishing
13 12 (1.15%) Advertising
14 11 (1.05%) Games
15 9 (0.86%) Military
16 7 (0.67%) Aeronautics
17 6 (0.57%) Electronics
18 5 (0.48%) Manufacturing
19 4 (0.38%) Telecoms
Job Titles
1 598 (57.28%) Developer
2 262 (25.10%) Trainee
3 176 (16.86%) Software Developer
4 167 (16.00%) Senior
5 125 (11.97%) Trainee Developer
6 124 (11.88%) Full-Stack Developer
7 116 (11.11%) Trainee Software Developer
8 113 (10.82%) Senior Developer
9 71 (6.80%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
10 59 (5.65%) .NET Developer
11 53 (5.08%) Designer
12 44 (4.21%) C# Developer
13 43 (4.12%) PHP Developer
14 42 (4.02%) Lead
15 41 (3.93%) React Developer
16 40 (3.83%) Web Developer
17 37 (3.54%) Software Engineer
18 36 (3.45%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
19 33 (3.16%) Graduate
19 33 (3.16%) Graduate Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 935 (89.56%) HTML
2 323 (30.94%) React
3 194 (18.58%) .NET
4 136 (13.03%) Node.js
5 122 (11.69%) RESTful
6 109 (10.44%) AngularJS
6 109 (10.44%) HTML5
7 87 (8.33%) CSS3
8 84 (8.05%) Vue
9 82 (7.85%) ASP.NET
10 74 (7.09%) jQuery
11 71 (6.80%) REST
12 63 (6.03%) .NET Core
13 54 (5.17%) .NET Framework
14 48 (4.60%) GraphQL
15 45 (4.31%) JSON
16 43 (4.12%) Tailwind CSS
16 43 (4.12%) XML
17 39 (3.74%) Jest
17 39 (3.74%) Laravel
Miscellaneous
1 51 (4.89%) Product Ownership
2 35 (3.35%) Mobile App
3 34 (3.26%) Cloud Native
4 21 (2.01%) Data Structures
4 21 (2.01%) Greenfield Project
4 21 (2.01%) Self-Motivation
5 18 (1.72%) Onboarding
6 14 (1.34%) Low-Code
7 12 (1.15%) Legacy Systems
8 11 (1.05%) Distributed Systems
8 11 (1.05%) Enterprise Software
8 11 (1.05%) Motion Graphics
8 11 (1.05%) Social Media
9 10 (0.96%) Analytical Mindset
10 8 (0.77%) Cybercrime
10 8 (0.77%) W3C
11 7 (0.67%) Data Centre
12 6 (0.57%) Algorithms
12 6 (0.57%) Digital TV
12 6 (0.57%) Virtual Team
Operating Systems
1 30 (2.87%) Linux
2 26 (2.49%) Windows
3 11 (1.05%) Android
3 11 (1.05%) Apple iOS
4 6 (0.57%) Windows Server
5 5 (0.48%) Unix
6 3 (0.29%) Mac OS
7 2 (0.19%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 384 (36.78%) Agile
2 354 (33.91%) Mentoring
3 251 (24.04%) User Experience
4 248 (23.75%) Cybersecurity
5 230 (22.03%) Problem-Solving
6 222 (21.26%) Full-Stack Development
7 175 (16.76%) CI/CD
7 175 (16.76%) Front End Development
8 152 (14.56%) DevOps
9 124 (11.88%) Continuous Improvement
10 117 (11.21%) Web Development
11 112 (10.73%) UX Design
12 111 (10.63%) MVC
13 109 (10.44%) Computer Science
14 87 (8.33%) Software Engineering
15 80 (7.66%) Analytics
16 78 (7.47%) OOP
17 77 (7.38%) Scrum
18 76 (7.28%) Test Automation
19 71 (6.80%) Clean Code
Programming Languages
1 844 (80.84%) JavaScript
2 361 (34.58%) Python
3 209 (20.02%) SQL
4 192 (18.39%) C#
5 189 (18.10%) TypeScript
6 140 (13.41%) R
7 108 (10.34%) Java
8 99 (9.48%) PHP
9 30 (2.87%) C++
10 13 (1.25%) T-SQL
11 12 (1.15%) Ruby
12 11 (1.05%) Perl
13 10 (0.96%) PL/SQL
14 8 (0.77%) C
15 6 (0.57%) PowerShell
16 4 (0.38%) ActionScript 3.0
16 4 (0.38%) Apex Code
16 4 (0.38%) Objective-C
16 4 (0.38%) Shell Script
16 4 (0.38%) XAML
Qualifications
1 270 (25.86%) Microsoft Certification
2 263 (25.19%) Azure Certification
3 262 (25.10%) AWS Certification
3 262 (25.10%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
4 175 (16.76%) Degree
5 92 (8.81%) Computer Science Degree
6 67 (6.42%) Security Cleared
7 41 (3.93%) SC Cleared
8 21 (2.01%) Master's Degree
9 17 (1.63%) DV Cleared
10 8 (0.77%) HND
11 7 (0.67%) BPSS Clearance
11 7 (0.67%) DBS Check
12 4 (0.38%) ISEB
12 4 (0.38%) ISTQB
12 4 (0.38%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
13 2 (0.19%) CCA
13 2 (0.19%) MCP
14 1 (0.096%) OCP
14 1 (0.096%) PhD
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 140 (13.41%) Accessibility
2 68 (6.51%) QA
3 53 (5.08%) WCAG
4 31 (2.97%) GDPR
5 8 (0.77%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.48%) PERC
6 5 (0.48%) Section 508
7 3 (0.29%) SLA
8 2 (0.19%) Data Quality
9 1 (0.096%) Actionable Recommendations
9 1 (0.096%) HL7
9 1 (0.096%) ISO/IEC 27001
9 1 (0.096%) NCSC
9 1 (0.096%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 94 (9.00%) Docker
2 15 (1.44%) Active Directory
3 1 (0.096%) Virtual Desktop
Systems Management
1 59 (5.65%) Kubernetes
2 27 (2.59%) Terraform
3 4 (0.38%) Argo
3 4 (0.38%) Single Sign-On
4 3 (0.29%) cPanel
4 3 (0.29%) Grafana
4 3 (0.29%) Plesk
5 2 (0.19%) Ansible
5 2 (0.19%) Prometheus
6 1 (0.096%) Active Directory Federation Services
6 1 (0.096%) Microsoft Intune
6 1 (0.096%) Nagios
Vendors
1 373 (35.73%) Microsoft
2 61 (5.84%) Adobe
3 45 (4.31%) Google
4 31 (2.97%) ServiceNow
5 24 (2.30%) Salesforce
6 19 (1.82%) Oracle
7 12 (1.15%) Cisco
8 10 (0.96%) Atlassian
9 9 (0.86%) Siemens
10 8 (0.77%) Allen-Bradley
10 8 (0.77%) HubSpot
10 8 (0.77%) Toshiba
11 7 (0.67%) Apple
12 6 (0.57%) Ahrefs
12 6 (0.57%) Hotjar
12 6 (0.57%) OpenAI
12 6 (0.57%) Red Hat
12 6 (0.57%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
12 6 (0.57%) SAP
13 5 (0.48%) Meraki