CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 24 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
24 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 142 64 71
Rank change year-on-year -78 +7 -33
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,032 2,315 2,075
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 1.74% 4.12% 4.22%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.63% 19.05% 16.37%
Number of salaries quoted 834 1,266 1,792
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £40,500 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £45,000 £55,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -18.18% -8.33% +4.35%
75th Percentile £63,750 £71,250 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £37,500 £52,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -28.57% -4.55% +4.76%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,053 12,152 12,677
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 11.90% 21.63% 25.76%
Number of salaries quoted 5,264 7,311 10,319
10th Percentile £35,854 £38,750 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £49,750 £51,250
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £65,000 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year - - -2.41%
75th Percentile £85,000 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £110,000 £110,000 £107,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 24 December 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 24 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -69 919 £47,000 -14.55% 992
UK excluding London -77 695 £37,500 -28.57% 903
Work from Home -62 342 £50,000 -9.09% 458
North of England -24 271 £30,500 -39.00% 251
London -51 246 £65,000 - 227
South East -97 135 £50,000 -15.43% 221
Yorkshire +1 122 £30,500 -28.24% 88
North West -31 115 £42,500 -19.05% 139
Midlands -71 93 £40,000 -20.00% 163
East of England -49 79 £50,000 - 119
South West -75 66 £36,000 -34.55% 95
West Midlands -43 48 £30,500 -44.55% 93
East Midlands -58 46 £45,000 +13.92% 67
North East -5 34 £30,500 -41.90% 27
Scotland -70 33 £30,500 -39.90% 37
Wales -21 16 £50,000 +5.26% 27
Northern Ireland -9 3 £31,500 -30.00% 8
Channel Islands +4 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 62 (6.01%) CMS
1 62 (6.01%) WordPress
2 25 (2.42%) Confluence
3 14 (1.36%) SharePoint
4 9 (0.87%) Headless CMS
4 9 (0.87%) Umbraco
5 8 (0.78%) nginx
6 7 (0.68%) Apache
7 6 (0.58%) Adobe Experience Manager
7 6 (0.58%) Drupal
8 5 (0.48%) IIS
9 3 (0.29%) Apache Airflow
10 2 (0.19%) ArcGIS
10 2 (0.19%) EPiServer
10 2 (0.19%) Liferay
10 2 (0.19%) Mendix
10 2 (0.19%) Microsoft Exchange
10 2 (0.19%) Sitecore CMS
11 1 (0.097%) ColdFusion
11 1 (0.097%) JBoss
Applications
1 29 (2.81%) Adobe XD
2 23 (2.23%) Adobe Creative Suite
2 23 (2.23%) MS Visio
3 22 (2.13%) Microsoft Office
4 17 (1.65%) Sketch
5 11 (1.07%) Adobe Illustrator
6 10 (0.97%) Microsoft PowerPoint
7 9 (0.87%) InVision
8 8 (0.78%) AutoCAD
8 8 (0.78%) Chatbot
8 8 (0.78%) Photoshop
8 8 (0.78%) SOLIDWORKS
9 3 (0.29%) Adobe After Effects
9 3 (0.29%) Adobe Premiere
9 3 (0.29%) InDesign
9 3 (0.29%) Microsoft Excel
10 2 (0.19%) Windchill
11 1 (0.097%) Siemens NX
11 1 (0.097%) Spreadsheet
11 1 (0.097%) Trello
Business Applications
1 18 (1.74%) Dynamics CRM
1 18 (1.74%) Shopify
2 5 (0.48%) Payment Gateway
3 3 (0.29%) SAP Business One
3 3 (0.29%) Sprinklr
4 2 (0.19%) Salesforce CRM
4 2 (0.19%) Teamcenter
5 1 (0.097%) Magento
5 1 (0.097%) NetSuite
Cloud Services
1 482 (46.71%) Azure
2 386 (37.40%) AWS
3 328 (31.78%) GitHub
4 76 (7.36%) Figma
5 67 (6.49%) Serverless
6 48 (4.65%) GCP
7 47 (4.55%) Azure DevOps
8 38 (3.68%) SaaS
9 35 (3.39%) Google Analytics
10 33 (3.20%) Power Platform
11 24 (2.33%) Power Automate
12 19 (1.84%) AWS Lambda
12 19 (1.84%) Azure Functions
13 18 (1.74%) Amazon S3
13 18 (1.74%) Azure Logic Apps
13 18 (1.74%) Azure Service Bus
13 18 (1.74%) Entra ID
14 17 (1.65%) PowerApps
15 16 (1.55%) Amazon SQS
15 16 (1.55%) Azure Cosmos DB
Communications & Networking
1 247 (23.93%) Internet
2 11 (1.07%) HTTP
3 6 (0.58%) Intranet
4 3 (0.29%) AMQP
5 2 (0.19%) DNS
5 2 (0.19%) HTTPS
6 1 (0.097%) Firewall
6 1 (0.097%) SSH
6 1 (0.097%) SSL
6 1 (0.097%) Wi-Fi
Database & Business Intelligence
1 136 (13.18%) SQL Server
2 109 (10.56%) MySQL
3 47 (4.55%) PostgreSQL
3 47 (4.55%) Relational Database
4 46 (4.46%) NoSQL
5 18 (1.74%) MongoDB
6 17 (1.65%) Power BI
7 13 (1.26%) DB2
8 11 (1.07%) Azure SQL Database
9 10 (0.97%) GIS
10 8 (0.78%) Data Warehouse
10 8 (0.78%) Looker
10 8 (0.78%) Metadata
11 6 (0.58%) Redis
12 5 (0.48%) DynamoDB
12 5 (0.48%) SQL Server Reporting Services
13 4 (0.39%) MariaDB
14 3 (0.29%) Elasticsearch
14 3 (0.29%) SQL Server Integration Services
15 2 (0.19%) Tableau
Development Applications
1 411 (39.83%) Git
2 50 (4.84%) JIRA
3 38 (3.68%) Jenkins
4 35 (3.39%) webpack
5 30 (2.91%) Cypress.io
6 23 (2.23%) Selenium
7 20 (1.94%) Axure RP
8 17 (1.65%) Visual Studio
9 16 (1.55%) TeamCity
10 15 (1.45%) Babel
11 14 (1.36%) Bitbucket
11 14 (1.36%) Cucumber
12 10 (0.97%) Balsamiq
12 10 (0.97%) gulp
13 8 (0.78%) GitLab
13 8 (0.78%) JUnit
13 8 (0.78%) Oracle APEX
13 8 (0.78%) Visual Studio Code
13 8 (0.78%) Vite
14 6 (0.58%) SonarQube
General
1 281 (27.23%) Social Skills
2 252 (24.42%) Multimedia
3 126 (12.21%) Finance
4 103 (9.98%) Analytical Skills
5 90 (8.72%) Marketing
6 81 (7.85%) Law
7 46 (4.46%) Public Sector
8 38 (3.68%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 35 (3.39%) Retail
10 33 (3.20%) Banking
11 24 (2.33%) Legal
12 15 (1.45%) Organisational Skills
12 15 (1.45%) Publishing
13 13 (1.26%) Advertising
14 10 (0.97%) Games
15 9 (0.87%) Military
16 7 (0.68%) Aeronautics
17 5 (0.48%) Electronics
18 4 (0.39%) Back Office
18 4 (0.39%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 592 (57.36%) Developer
2 245 (23.74%) Trainee
3 167 (16.18%) Senior
4 165 (15.99%) Software Developer
5 125 (12.11%) Full-Stack Developer
6 115 (11.14%) Trainee Developer
7 114 (11.05%) Senior Developer
8 106 (10.27%) Trainee Software Developer
9 71 (6.88%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
10 60 (5.81%) .NET Developer
11 51 (4.94%) Designer
12 45 (4.36%) C# Developer
13 44 (4.26%) PHP Developer
14 41 (3.97%) React Developer
15 40 (3.88%) Web Developer
16 39 (3.78%) Lead
17 38 (3.68%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
18 37 (3.59%) Graduate
18 37 (3.59%) Graduate Developer
18 37 (3.59%) Software Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 921 (89.24%) HTML
2 322 (31.20%) React
3 199 (19.28%) .NET
4 134 (12.98%) Node.js
5 125 (12.11%) RESTful
6 111 (10.76%) HTML5
7 108 (10.47%) AngularJS
8 88 (8.53%) CSS3
9 86 (8.33%) ASP.NET
10 83 (8.04%) Vue
11 76 (7.36%) jQuery
12 72 (6.98%) REST
13 64 (6.20%) .NET Core
14 56 (5.43%) .NET Framework
15 52 (5.04%) GraphQL
16 46 (4.46%) JSON
17 45 (4.36%) XML
18 44 (4.26%) Tailwind CSS
19 39 (3.78%) Jest
19 39 (3.78%) Laravel
Miscellaneous
1 48 (4.65%) Product Ownership
2 34 (3.29%) Mobile App
3 33 (3.20%) Cloud Native
4 21 (2.03%) Greenfield Project
5 20 (1.94%) Data Structures
6 19 (1.84%) Self-Motivation
7 18 (1.74%) Onboarding
8 13 (1.26%) Analytical Mindset
8 13 (1.26%) Legacy Systems
9 12 (1.16%) Low-Code
9 12 (1.16%) Social Media
10 11 (1.07%) Distributed Systems
10 11 (1.07%) Motion Graphics
11 10 (0.97%) Virtual Team
12 9 (0.87%) Enterprise Software
13 8 (0.78%) Cybercrime
13 8 (0.78%) W3C
14 7 (0.68%) Algorithms
14 7 (0.68%) Data Centre
15 6 (0.58%) Digital TV
Operating Systems
1 30 (2.91%) Linux
2 26 (2.52%) Windows
3 11 (1.07%) Android
3 11 (1.07%) Apple iOS
4 6 (0.58%) Windows Server
5 5 (0.48%) Unix
6 3 (0.29%) Mac OS
7 2 (0.19%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 389 (37.69%) Agile
2 337 (32.66%) Mentoring
3 254 (24.61%) User Experience
4 234 (22.67%) Problem-Solving
5 230 (22.29%) Cybersecurity
6 226 (21.90%) Full-Stack Development
7 175 (16.96%) Front End Development
8 170 (16.47%) CI/CD
9 152 (14.73%) DevOps
10 119 (11.53%) Continuous Improvement
11 117 (11.34%) Web Development
12 115 (11.14%) MVC
13 113 (10.95%) UX Design
14 108 (10.47%) Computer Science
15 86 (8.33%) Software Engineering
16 84 (8.14%) Analytics
17 82 (7.95%) OOP
18 78 (7.56%) Test Automation
19 76 (7.36%) Scrum
20 71 (6.88%) Clean Code
Programming Languages
1 832 (80.62%) JavaScript
2 340 (32.95%) Python
3 213 (20.64%) SQL
4 198 (19.19%) C#
5 190 (18.41%) TypeScript
6 132 (12.79%) R
7 112 (10.85%) Java
8 103 (9.98%) PHP
9 34 (3.29%) C++
10 13 (1.26%) T-SQL
11 12 (1.16%) Perl
11 12 (1.16%) Ruby
12 10 (0.97%) PL/SQL
13 8 (0.78%) C
14 5 (0.48%) Bicep
14 5 (0.48%) PowerShell
15 4 (0.39%) ActionScript 3.0
15 4 (0.39%) Apex Code
15 4 (0.39%) Objective-C
15 4 (0.39%) XAML
Qualifications
1 252 (24.42%) Microsoft Certification
2 246 (23.84%) Azure Certification
3 245 (23.74%) AWS Certification
3 245 (23.74%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
4 173 (16.76%) Degree
5 92 (8.91%) Computer Science Degree
6 66 (6.40%) Security Cleared
7 40 (3.88%) SC Cleared
8 21 (2.03%) Master's Degree
9 17 (1.65%) DV Cleared
10 8 (0.78%) HND
11 7 (0.68%) BPSS Clearance
11 7 (0.68%) DBS Check
12 4 (0.39%) ISEB
12 4 (0.39%) ISTQB
12 4 (0.39%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
13 2 (0.19%) CCA
13 2 (0.19%) MCP
14 1 (0.097%) OCP
14 1 (0.097%) PhD
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 141 (13.66%) Accessibility
2 67 (6.49%) QA
3 51 (4.94%) WCAG
4 31 (3.00%) GDPR
5 8 (0.78%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.48%) PERC
6 5 (0.48%) Section 508
7 3 (0.29%) SLA
8 2 (0.19%) Data Quality
9 1 (0.097%) Actionable Recommendations
9 1 (0.097%) HL7
9 1 (0.097%) ISO/IEC 27001
9 1 (0.097%) NCSC
9 1 (0.097%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 92 (8.91%) Docker
2 15 (1.45%) Active Directory
3 1 (0.097%) Virtual Desktop
Systems Management
1 59 (5.72%) Kubernetes
2 27 (2.62%) Terraform
3 4 (0.39%) Argo
3 4 (0.39%) Single Sign-On
4 3 (0.29%) cPanel
4 3 (0.29%) Grafana
4 3 (0.29%) Plesk
5 2 (0.19%) Ansible
5 2 (0.19%) Prometheus
6 1 (0.097%) Active Directory Federation Services
6 1 (0.097%) Microsoft Intune
6 1 (0.097%) Nagios
Vendors
1 352 (34.11%) Microsoft
2 64 (6.20%) Adobe
3 45 (4.36%) Google
4 33 (3.20%) ServiceNow
5 24 (2.33%) Salesforce
6 19 (1.84%) Oracle
7 12 (1.16%) Cisco
8 10 (0.97%) Atlassian
9 9 (0.87%) Apple
9 9 (0.87%) Siemens
10 8 (0.78%) Allen-Bradley
10 8 (0.78%) HubSpot
10 8 (0.78%) Toshiba
11 7 (0.68%) Ahrefs
12 6 (0.58%) Red Hat
12 6 (0.58%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
13 5 (0.48%) Hotjar
13 5 (0.48%) Meraki
13 5 (0.48%) OpenAI
13 5 (0.48%) SAP