CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 21 May 2026, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
21 May 2026
Same period 2025 Same period 2024
Rank 191 97 58
Rank change year-on-year -94 -39 -15
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,000 1,416 3,838
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 1.08% 3.22% 3.95%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 10.97% 16.36% 18.80%
Number of salaries quoted 842 932 2,879
10th Percentile £28,250 £30,550 £31,250
25th Percentile £29,750 £38,938 £38,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £48,718 £55,000 £52,500
Median % change year-on-year -11.42% +4.76% -6.25%
75th Percentile £63,250 £75,000 £67,500
90th Percentile £80,000 £87,500 £80,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £45,000 £51,000 £50,000
% change year-on-year -11.76% +2.00% -4.76%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 9,118 8,654 20,412
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 9.88% 19.71% 21.00%
Number of salaries quoted 6,699 6,032 15,732
10th Percentile £40,000 £38,023 £36,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £50,454 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £65,000 £65,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year - +8.33% -11.11%
75th Percentile £85,000 £87,500 £78,750
90th Percentile £100,000 £111,250 £100,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £60,000 £60,000 £55,000
% change year-on-year - +9.09% -4.35%

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 21 May 2026.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 21 May 2026. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -76 916 £50,000 -9.09% 437
UK excluding London -67 709 £45,000 -11.76% 385
Work from Home -67 368 £53,106 -3.44% 177
North of England -44 227 £40,000 -11.11% 95
London -80 224 £59,886 -11.28% 118
South East -33 165 £50,000 -16.67% 97
North West -46 114 £40,000 -20.00% 49
East of England +10 106 £47,500 +18.75% 61
Midlands -61 106 £45,000 +5.88% 62
Yorkshire -10 80 £44,000 +17.33% 33
South West -60 76 £47,500 -20.83% 37
West Midlands -57 62 £42,500 -10.53% 22
East Midlands -55 44 £55,000 +41.94% 40
North East -23 33 £50,000 +2.56% 13
Scotland -83 17 £30,500 -49.17% 18
Wales -35 9 £45,000 -25.00% 13
Northern Ireland -36 3 £60,000 - 8

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 103 (10.30%) WordPress
2 52 (5.20%) CMS
3 43 (4.30%) SharePoint
4 15 (1.50%) Confluence
4 15 (1.50%) IIS
5 11 (1.10%) Drupal
6 10 (1.00%) Microsoft Exchange
7 8 (0.80%) Apache
7 8 (0.80%) nginx
8 4 (0.40%) Umbraco
9 3 (0.30%) Adobe Experience Manager
9 3 (0.30%) govService
9 3 (0.30%) JBoss
9 3 (0.30%) Liferay
10 2 (0.20%) CICS
10 2 (0.20%) NServiceBus
10 2 (0.20%) Tomcat
11 1 (0.10%) Camunda
11 1 (0.10%) Moodle
11 1 (0.10%) Sitecore CMS
Applications
1 19 (1.90%) Adobe Creative Suite
2 16 (1.60%) Adobe XD
3 13 (1.30%) Photoshop
4 12 (1.20%) Microsoft Office
5 10 (1.00%) Chatbot
6 9 (0.90%) Adobe Illustrator
6 9 (0.90%) Microsoft Excel
7 7 (0.70%) Sketch
7 7 (0.70%) Spreadsheet
8 5 (0.50%) InDesign
8 5 (0.50%) InVision
9 3 (0.30%) Adobe After Effects
9 3 (0.30%) Microsoft PowerPoint
9 3 (0.30%) MS Visio
10 1 (0.10%) Elementor
10 1 (0.10%) Siemens NX
10 1 (0.10%) Trello
10 1 (0.10%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 20 (2.00%) Shopify
2 9 (0.90%) Dynamics CRM
3 5 (0.50%) Magento
4 4 (0.40%) Line 50
5 2 (0.20%) Eloqua
5 2 (0.20%) Payment Gateway
5 2 (0.20%) Salesforce CRM
6 1 (0.10%) Adobe Campaign
6 1 (0.10%) CiviCRM
6 1 (0.10%) FIS Private Capital Suite
6 1 (0.10%) Oracle SCM
6 1 (0.10%) SAP Business One
6 1 (0.10%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 439 (43.90%) Azure
2 370 (37.00%) AWS
3 272 (27.20%) GitHub
4 99 (9.90%) Azure DevOps
5 64 (6.40%) Figma
6 62 (6.20%) Power Platform
7 49 (4.90%) GCP
8 48 (4.80%) SaaS
9 42 (4.20%) Microsoft 365
10 39 (3.90%) GitHub Actions
11 36 (3.60%) Serverless
12 35 (3.50%) Power Automate
13 34 (3.40%) Azure Logic Apps
14 33 (3.30%) PowerApps
15 28 (2.80%) Azure AI
15 28 (2.80%) GitHub Copilot
16 27 (2.70%) Google Analytics
17 22 (2.20%) Azure Data Factory
18 21 (2.10%) Adobe Creative Cloud
19 19 (1.90%) OneDrive
Communications & Networking
1 194 (19.40%) Internet
2 7 (0.70%) HTTP
3 5 (0.50%) Intranet
4 4 (0.40%) Network Security
4 4 (0.40%) VoIP
4 4 (0.40%) WAN
5 3 (0.30%) HTTPS
6 2 (0.20%) Cisco IOS
6 2 (0.20%) Firewall
6 2 (0.20%) SSL
6 2 (0.20%) TCP/IP
6 2 (0.20%) Wireshark
7 1 (0.10%) AMQP
7 1 (0.10%) Broadband
7 1 (0.10%) DNS
Database & Business Intelligence
1 142 (14.20%) SQL Server
2 105 (10.50%) MySQL
3 74 (7.40%) Azure SQL Database
4 57 (5.70%) MongoDB
5 54 (5.40%) Power BI
6 46 (4.60%) PostgreSQL
7 40 (4.00%) Relational Database
8 23 (2.30%) NoSQL
9 14 (1.40%) Elasticsearch
10 12 (1.20%) Amazon RDS
10 12 (1.20%) Amazon Redshift
11 11 (1.10%) BigQuery
12 9 (0.90%) MariaDB
12 9 (0.90%) Tableau
13 8 (0.80%) DB2
13 8 (0.80%) GIS
14 7 (0.70%) FileMaker
14 7 (0.70%) SQL Server Reporting Services
15 6 (0.60%) Data Warehouse
16 5 (0.50%) Looker
Development Applications
1 312 (31.20%) Git
2 47 (4.70%) JIRA
3 37 (3.70%) Jenkins
4 16 (1.60%) Cypress.io
4 16 (1.60%) webpack
5 14 (1.40%) Axure RP
6 12 (1.20%) Selenium
6 12 (1.20%) Storybook
7 11 (1.10%) Bitbucket
8 10 (1.00%) Balsamiq
8 10 (1.00%) GitLab
8 10 (1.00%) Vite
9 7 (0.70%) Cucumber
9 7 (0.70%) JUnit
9 7 (0.70%) TeamCity
10 5 (0.50%) Maven
10 5 (0.50%) PHPUnit
11 4 (0.40%) Babel
11 4 (0.40%) Eclipse
11 4 (0.40%) Subversion
General
1 261 (26.10%) Social Skills
2 175 (17.50%) Multimedia
3 118 (11.80%) Analytical Skills
4 97 (9.70%) Finance
5 90 (9.00%) Marketing
6 43 (4.30%) Inclusion and Diversity
6 43 (4.30%) Law
7 34 (3.40%) Public Sector
8 29 (2.90%) Organisational Skills
9 27 (2.70%) Retail
10 26 (2.60%) Legal
11 22 (2.20%) Advertising
12 13 (1.30%) Banking
12 13 (1.30%) Games
13 9 (0.90%) Manufacturing
14 8 (0.80%) Local Government
15 6 (0.60%) Health Technology
16 5 (0.50%) Automotive
17 3 (0.30%) Portuguese Language
17 3 (0.30%) Spanish Language
Job Titles
1 602 (60.20%) Developer
2 177 (17.70%) Trainee
3 145 (14.50%) Senior
4 131 (13.10%) Full-Stack Developer
4 131 (13.10%) Software Developer
5 108 (10.80%) Senior Developer
6 105 (10.50%) .NET Developer
7 69 (6.90%) Trainee Developer
8 63 (6.30%) Designer
9 62 (6.20%) Administrator
10 61 (6.10%) C# Developer
11 57 (5.70%) Web Administrator
12 56 (5.60%) Trainee Software Developer
13 55 (5.50%) C# Software Developer
14 54 (5.40%) Software Engineer
15 53 (5.30%) Trainee Administrator
16 52 (5.20%) Web Developer
17 50 (5.00%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
17 50 (5.00%) PHP Developer
18 44 (4.40%) Full-Stack Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 909 (90.90%) HTML
2 265 (26.50%) React
3 248 (24.80%) .NET
4 122 (12.20%) jQuery
5 114 (11.40%) Node.js
6 113 (11.30%) Vue
7 112 (11.20%) HTML5
8 106 (10.60%) .NET Core
9 103 (10.30%) RESTful
10 101 (10.10%) AngularJS
11 95 (9.50%) ASP.NET
12 94 (9.40%) CSS3
13 67 (6.70%) REST
14 65 (6.50%) ASP.NET Core
15 62 (6.20%) JSON
16 48 (4.80%) Entity Framework
17 47 (4.70%) Laravel
18 45 (4.50%) Tailwind CSS
19 40 (4.00%) Sass
20 38 (3.80%) .NET Framework
Miscellaneous
1 36 (3.60%) Greenfield Project
1 36 (3.60%) Mobile App
2 32 (3.20%) Product Ownership
3 29 (2.90%) Cloud Native
3 29 (2.90%) Enterprise Software
4 27 (2.70%) Self-Motivation
5 23 (2.30%) Legacy Systems
6 22 (2.20%) Management Information System
6 22 (2.20%) Onboarding
7 21 (2.10%) Virtual Team
8 20 (2.00%) Social Media
9 16 (1.60%) Analytical Mindset
10 12 (1.20%) Algorithms
11 10 (1.00%) Data Structures
12 9 (0.90%) Digital TV
12 9 (0.90%) Graphic Design
13 8 (0.80%) Distributed Systems
13 8 (0.80%) Low-Code
14 7 (0.70%) Culture of Ownership
14 7 (0.70%) Renewable Energy
Operating Systems
1 28 (2.80%) Linux
1 28 (2.80%) Windows
2 17 (1.70%) Windows Server
3 6 (0.60%) Android
3 6 (0.60%) Windows Server 2016
4 4 (0.40%) Apple iOS
4 4 (0.40%) Mac OS
4 4 (0.40%) Unix
5 2 (0.20%) Windows 10
6 1 (0.10%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 307 (30.70%) Agile
2 295 (29.50%) Full-Stack Development
3 236 (23.60%) Mentoring
4 221 (22.10%) CI/CD
5 194 (19.40%) User Experience
6 181 (18.10%) Problem-Solving
7 163 (16.30%) DevOps
7 163 (16.30%) Web Development
8 152 (15.20%) AI
9 132 (13.20%) Cybersecurity
10 125 (12.50%) Computer Science
11 123 (12.30%) Continuous Improvement
12 121 (12.10%) Front End Development
13 102 (10.20%) Software Engineering
14 92 (9.20%) Clean Code
15 83 (8.30%) Analytics
16 80 (8.00%) UX Design
17 78 (7.80%) Machine Learning
17 78 (7.80%) Scrum
18 76 (7.60%) Responsive Web Design
Programming Languages
1 697 (69.70%) JavaScript
2 334 (33.40%) SQL
3 291 (29.10%) Python
4 238 (23.80%) C#
5 178 (17.80%) TypeScript
6 167 (16.70%) PHP
7 108 (10.80%) R
8 85 (8.50%) Java
9 34 (3.40%) PowerShell
10 29 (2.90%) C++
11 13 (1.30%) T-SQL
11 13 (1.30%) VBA
12 7 (0.70%) VBScript
13 5 (0.50%) Apex Code
13 5 (0.50%) Bash
13 5 (0.50%) Bicep
13 5 (0.50%) Dart
13 5 (0.50%) PL/SQL
14 4 (0.40%) SOQL
14 4 (0.40%) SOSL
Qualifications
1 178 (17.80%) Microsoft Certification
2 174 (17.40%) AWS Certification
3 172 (17.20%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
3 172 (17.20%) Azure Certification
4 169 (16.90%) Degree
5 100 (10.00%) Computer Science Degree
6 44 (4.40%) Security Cleared
7 34 (3.40%) SC Cleared
8 6 (0.60%) DV Cleared
9 5 (0.50%) DBS Check
9 5 (0.50%) ITIL Certification
10 4 (0.40%) BPSS Clearance
11 3 (0.30%) Master's Degree
12 2 (0.20%) ISTQB
12 2 (0.20%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
12 2 (0.20%) Postgraduate
13 1 (0.10%) ITIL Foundation Certificate
13 1 (0.10%) OCA
13 1 (0.10%) OCP
13 1 (0.10%) Oracle Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 116 (11.60%) Accessibility
2 42 (4.20%) WCAG
3 39 (3.90%) QA
4 28 (2.80%) GDPR
5 11 (1.10%) Data Quality
5 11 (1.10%) SLA
6 9 (0.90%) ISO/IEC 27001
7 7 (0.70%) GRC
7 7 (0.70%) PERC
8 6 (0.60%) PCI DSS
9 4 (0.40%) ISO 14001
9 4 (0.40%) ISO 9001
10 1 (0.10%) NCSC
10 1 (0.10%) NIST
System Software
1 96 (9.60%) Docker
2 14 (1.40%) Active Directory
3 2 (0.20%) Virtual Desktop
Systems Management
1 50 (5.00%) Kubernetes
2 16 (1.60%) Terraform
3 3 (0.30%) Plesk
4 2 (0.20%) Active Directory Federation Services
4 2 (0.20%) Microsoft Intune
4 2 (0.20%) Nagios
4 2 (0.20%) Single Sign-On
5 1 (0.10%) Grafana
5 1 (0.10%) Kibana
5 1 (0.10%) Prometheus
Vendors
1 352 (35.20%) Microsoft
2 72 (7.20%) Adobe
3 40 (4.00%) Google
4 19 (1.90%) Salesforce
5 15 (1.50%) Oracle
6 10 (1.00%) Facebook
7 9 (0.90%) iManage
7 9 (0.90%) OpenAI
8 8 (0.80%) HubSpot
8 8 (0.80%) Sage
8 8 (0.80%) ServiceNow
9 7 (0.70%) SAP
9 7 (0.70%) YouTube
10 6 (0.60%) Apple
10 6 (0.60%) Splunk
11 5 (0.50%) Atlassian
11 5 (0.50%) Hotjar
11 5 (0.50%) Pinterest
11 5 (0.50%) TikTok
12 4 (0.40%) Databricks