CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 29 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
29 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 137 60 62
Rank change year-on-year -77 +2 -19
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,058 2,581 2,280
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 1.96% 3.90% 4.46%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.57% 18.71% 16.78%
Number of salaries quoted 835 1,361 2,007
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £40,000 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £47,500 £55,000 £58,000
Median % change year-on-year -13.64% -5.17% +0.87%
75th Percentile £67,500 £71,250 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £42,000 £52,500 £54,250
% change year-on-year -20.00% -3.23% +3.33%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,260 13,795 13,591
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 13.42% 20.82% 26.56%
Number of salaries quoted 5,263 8,363 11,212
10th Percentile £36,250 £38,750 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £48,750 £50,993
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £67,500 £65,000 £66,056
Median % change year-on-year +3.85% -1.60% +1.62%
75th Percentile £86,000 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £113,750 £108,750 £106,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 29 November 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 29 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -73 932 £50,000 -9.09% 918
UK excluding London -81 694 £42,000 -20.00% 854
Work from Home -50 396 £51,250 -6.82% 232
London -30 272 £67,500 +3.85% 256
North of England -33 241 £40,000 -20.00% 185
South East -87 141 £45,000 -21.74% 276
Midlands -42 108 £45,000 -10.00% 144
North West -36 107 £47,500 -2.56% 106
Yorkshire -11 105 £30,500 -35.79% 58
East of England -56 74 £50,000 -9.09% 98
South West -68 72 £40,000 -27.27% 83
East Midlands -26 58 £47,500 +5.56% 53
West Midlands -25 51 £32,500 -40.91% 90
Scotland -72 35 £30,500 -39.00% 36
North East -6 29 £30,500 -41.90% 23
Wales -7 21 £67,500 +42.11% 35
Northern Ireland -12 3 £31,500 -38.54% 9
Channel Islands +5 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 66 (6.24%) CMS
2 65 (6.14%) WordPress
3 25 (2.36%) Confluence
4 17 (1.61%) SharePoint
5 12 (1.13%) IIS
6 11 (1.04%) Umbraco
7 10 (0.95%) Headless CMS
8 9 (0.85%) Drupal
9 8 (0.76%) Apache
10 7 (0.66%) nginx
11 6 (0.57%) Adobe Experience Manager
12 3 (0.28%) Apache Airflow
13 2 (0.19%) ArcGIS
13 2 (0.19%) EPiServer
13 2 (0.19%) Mendix
13 2 (0.19%) Microsoft Exchange
13 2 (0.19%) Sitecore CMS
14 1 (0.095%) ColdFusion
14 1 (0.095%) SugarCRM
14 1 (0.095%) WebLogic
Applications
1 30 (2.84%) Adobe XD
2 27 (2.55%) Adobe Creative Suite
3 22 (2.08%) Microsoft Office
4 20 (1.89%) MS Visio
5 18 (1.70%) Adobe Illustrator
6 16 (1.51%) Photoshop
7 15 (1.42%) Sketch
8 10 (0.95%) Microsoft PowerPoint
9 8 (0.76%) AutoCAD
9 8 (0.76%) Chatbot
9 8 (0.76%) InDesign
9 8 (0.76%) SOLIDWORKS
10 7 (0.66%) InVision
11 3 (0.28%) Adobe After Effects
11 3 (0.28%) Adobe Premiere
11 3 (0.28%) Microsoft Excel
12 2 (0.19%) Elementor
13 1 (0.095%) CapCut
13 1 (0.095%) Spreadsheet
13 1 (0.095%) Trello
Business Applications
1 19 (1.80%) Shopify
2 17 (1.61%) Dynamics CRM
3 12 (1.13%) Sprinklr
4 5 (0.47%) Payment Gateway
5 3 (0.28%) Magento
5 3 (0.28%) SAP Business One
6 2 (0.19%) Sage 1000
6 2 (0.19%) Salesforce CRM
7 1 (0.095%) NetSuite
7 1 (0.095%) Oracle BPM
7 1 (0.095%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 438 (41.40%) Azure
2 332 (31.38%) AWS
3 264 (24.95%) GitHub
4 78 (7.37%) Figma
5 69 (6.52%) Serverless
6 49 (4.63%) GCP
7 42 (3.97%) Azure DevOps
7 42 (3.97%) SaaS
8 40 (3.78%) Google Analytics
9 33 (3.12%) Power Platform
10 27 (2.55%) Azure Service Bus
11 24 (2.27%) Power Automate
12 22 (2.08%) Azure Functions
13 21 (1.98%) Azure Cosmos DB
14 20 (1.89%) Amazon S3
14 20 (1.89%) Azure Logic Apps
15 19 (1.80%) Amazon SQS
15 19 (1.80%) AWS Lambda
15 19 (1.80%) npm
16 18 (1.70%) PowerApps
Communications & Networking
1 184 (17.39%) Internet
2 10 (0.95%) HTTP
3 6 (0.57%) Ethernet
3 6 (0.57%) Intranet
3 6 (0.57%) Modbus
3 6 (0.57%) MQTT
4 3 (0.28%) AMQP
5 2 (0.19%) DNS
5 2 (0.19%) HTTPS
6 1 (0.095%) Firewall
6 1 (0.095%) FTP
6 1 (0.095%) SSH
6 1 (0.095%) Wi-Fi
Database & Business Intelligence
1 155 (14.65%) SQL Server
2 133 (12.57%) MySQL
3 51 (4.82%) Relational Database
4 50 (4.73%) PostgreSQL
5 47 (4.44%) NoSQL
6 28 (2.65%) MongoDB
7 19 (1.80%) Power BI
8 14 (1.32%) Redis
9 12 (1.13%) Azure SQL Database
10 11 (1.04%) Elasticsearch
10 11 (1.04%) GIS
11 9 (0.85%) DB2
11 9 (0.85%) Looker
12 8 (0.76%) Data Warehouse
12 8 (0.76%) Metadata
12 8 (0.76%) SQL Server Reporting Services
13 7 (0.66%) DynamoDB
14 5 (0.47%) SQL Server Integration Services
15 4 (0.38%) Amazon RDS
15 4 (0.38%) MariaDB
Development Applications
1 383 (36.20%) Git
2 52 (4.91%) JIRA
3 44 (4.16%) webpack
4 39 (3.69%) Cypress.io
5 35 (3.31%) Jenkins
6 23 (2.17%) Selenium
7 22 (2.08%) Visual Studio
8 20 (1.89%) Axure RP
9 19 (1.80%) Vite
10 17 (1.61%) TeamCity
11 15 (1.42%) Babel
12 14 (1.32%) Bitbucket
13 11 (1.04%) Balsamiq
13 11 (1.04%) Cucumber
14 10 (0.95%) gulp
14 10 (0.95%) JUnit
14 10 (0.95%) SonarQube
15 9 (0.85%) GitLab
15 9 (0.85%) Maven
15 9 (0.85%) Visual Studio Code
General
1 304 (28.73%) Social Skills
2 187 (17.67%) Multimedia
3 180 (17.01%) Finance
4 111 (10.49%) Analytical Skills
5 110 (10.40%) Marketing
6 106 (10.02%) Law
7 64 (6.05%) Inclusion and Diversity
8 47 (4.44%) Retail
9 44 (4.16%) Public Sector
10 36 (3.40%) Banking
11 29 (2.74%) Legal
12 17 (1.61%) Advertising
13 15 (1.42%) Games
13 15 (1.42%) Publishing
14 13 (1.23%) Organisational Skills
15 12 (1.13%) Manufacturing
16 10 (0.95%) Pharmaceutical
17 8 (0.76%) Military
18 7 (0.66%) Back Office
19 6 (0.57%) Aeronautics
Job Titles
1 607 (57.37%) Developer
2 180 (17.01%) Trainee
3 178 (16.82%) Senior
4 145 (13.71%) Software Developer
5 127 (12.00%) Full-Stack Developer
6 124 (11.72%) Senior Developer
7 87 (8.22%) Trainee Developer
8 84 (7.94%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
9 83 (7.84%) Trainee Software Developer
10 72 (6.81%) .NET Developer
11 63 (5.95%) Software Engineer
12 59 (5.58%) Lead
13 54 (5.10%) Designer
14 53 (5.01%) PHP Developer
15 52 (4.91%) C# Developer
16 46 (4.35%) Graduate
16 46 (4.35%) Graduate Developer
17 43 (4.06%) React Developer
17 43 (4.06%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
18 37 (3.50%) Web Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 936 (88.47%) HTML
2 351 (33.18%) React
3 238 (22.50%) .NET
4 145 (13.71%) HTML5
5 135 (12.76%) Node.js
6 131 (12.38%) RESTful
7 125 (11.81%) AngularJS
8 113 (10.68%) CSS3
9 108 (10.21%) ASP.NET
10 89 (8.41%) Vue
11 87 (8.22%) jQuery
12 84 (7.94%) REST
13 72 (6.81%) .NET Core
14 68 (6.43%) .NET Framework
15 60 (5.67%) JSON
16 56 (5.29%) GraphQL
17 55 (5.20%) Jest
18 50 (4.73%) XML
19 47 (4.44%) Tailwind CSS
20 44 (4.16%) Sass
Miscellaneous
1 51 (4.82%) Product Ownership
2 35 (3.31%) Cloud Native
3 33 (3.12%) Mobile App
4 23 (2.17%) Analytical Mindset
5 19 (1.80%) Algorithms
5 19 (1.80%) Data Structures
5 19 (1.80%) Onboarding
6 18 (1.70%) Self-Motivation
7 15 (1.42%) Greenfield Project
8 14 (1.32%) Motion Graphics
8 14 (1.32%) Social Media
9 13 (1.23%) Data Centre
10 12 (1.13%) Legacy Systems
11 11 (1.04%) Low-Code
12 10 (0.95%) Distributed Systems
13 9 (0.85%) Data Protection Act
13 9 (0.85%) Virtual Team
13 9 (0.85%) W3C
14 7 (0.66%) Digital TV
14 7 (0.66%) Renewable Energy
Operating Systems
1 33 (3.12%) Linux
2 26 (2.46%) Windows
3 12 (1.13%) Android
4 11 (1.04%) Apple iOS
5 8 (0.76%) Windows Server
6 6 (0.57%) Unix
7 3 (0.28%) Mac OS
8 2 (0.19%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 437 (41.30%) Agile
2 292 (27.60%) Mentoring
3 282 (26.65%) User Experience
4 275 (25.99%) Problem-Solving
5 240 (22.68%) Full-Stack Development
6 193 (18.24%) Front End Development
7 179 (16.92%) Cybersecurity
8 178 (16.82%) CI/CD
9 164 (15.50%) DevOps
10 137 (12.95%) Continuous Improvement
10 137 (12.95%) MVC
11 125 (11.81%) UX Design
12 123 (11.63%) Web Development
13 122 (11.53%) Computer Science
14 114 (10.78%) Software Engineering
15 96 (9.07%) OOP
16 94 (8.88%) Analytics
17 90 (8.51%) Scrum
17 90 (8.51%) Test Automation
18 83 (7.84%) OO
Programming Languages
1 844 (79.77%) JavaScript
2 291 (27.50%) Python
3 241 (22.78%) C#
3 241 (22.78%) SQL
4 216 (20.42%) TypeScript
5 126 (11.91%) Java
6 125 (11.81%) PHP
7 93 (8.79%) R
8 43 (4.06%) C++
9 21 (1.98%) T-SQL
10 13 (1.23%) Ruby
11 11 (1.04%) Perl
12 10 (0.95%) C
12 10 (0.95%) PL/SQL
13 8 (0.76%) Go
14 7 (0.66%) Bicep
15 5 (0.47%) Objective-C
15 5 (0.47%) VB.NET
16 4 (0.38%) ActionScript
16 4 (0.38%) XAML
Qualifications
1 196 (18.53%) Degree
2 184 (17.39%) Microsoft Certification
3 183 (17.30%) AWS Certification
4 182 (17.20%) Azure Certification
5 180 (17.01%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
6 106 (10.02%) Computer Science Degree
7 64 (6.05%) Security Cleared
8 40 (3.78%) SC Cleared
9 20 (1.89%) Master's Degree
10 16 (1.51%) DV Cleared
11 14 (1.32%) HND
12 7 (0.66%) DBS Check
13 6 (0.57%) Chartered Engineer
13 6 (0.57%) HNC
14 5 (0.47%) BPSS Clearance
15 4 (0.38%) ISEB
15 4 (0.38%) ISTQB
15 4 (0.38%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
16 3 (0.28%) AWS Certified Developer
17 2 (0.19%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 158 (14.93%) Accessibility
2 85 (8.03%) QA
3 53 (5.01%) WCAG
4 38 (3.59%) GDPR
5 8 (0.76%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.47%) PERC
6 5 (0.47%) Section 508
7 3 (0.28%) Data Quality
7 3 (0.28%) SLA
8 1 (0.095%) Actionable Recommendations
8 1 (0.095%) HL7
8 1 (0.095%) ISO/IEC 27001
8 1 (0.095%) MiFID
8 1 (0.095%) NCSC
8 1 (0.095%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 95 (8.98%) Docker
2 15 (1.42%) Active Directory
3 6 (0.57%) VMware ESXi
3 6 (0.57%) VMware Infrastructure
Systems Management
1 65 (6.14%) Kubernetes
2 30 (2.84%) Terraform
3 6 (0.57%) Functional Safety
4 4 (0.38%) Argo
4 4 (0.38%) Grafana
5 3 (0.28%) cPanel
5 3 (0.28%) Plesk
5 3 (0.28%) Single Sign-On
6 2 (0.19%) Ansible
6 2 (0.19%) Prometheus
7 1 (0.095%) Microsoft Intune
Vendors
1 298 (28.17%) Microsoft
2 80 (7.56%) Adobe
3 49 (4.63%) Google
4 34 (3.21%) ServiceNow
5 26 (2.46%) Salesforce
6 25 (2.36%) Oracle
7 14 (1.32%) Siemens
8 12 (1.13%) Cisco
9 9 (0.85%) Ahrefs
9 9 (0.85%) Apple
9 9 (0.85%) Guidewire
10 8 (0.76%) Allen-Bradley
10 8 (0.76%) Toshiba
11 7 (0.66%) HubSpot
12 6 (0.57%) Atlassian
12 6 (0.57%) AVEVA
12 6 (0.57%) Rockwell
12 6 (0.57%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
12 6 (0.57%) VMware
13 5 (0.47%) Splunk