CSS Job Trends

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring CSS skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 30 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
30 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 137 61 62
Rank change year-on-year -76 +1 -19
Permanent jobs citing CSS 1,013 2,555 2,252
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 1.87% 3.90% 4.42%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category 14.38% 18.70% 16.66%
Number of salaries quoted 798 1,356 1,986
10th Percentile £27,500 £31,250 £37,500
25th Percentile £28,250 £40,375 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £47,500 £55,000 £59,092
Median % change year-on-year -13.64% -6.92% +2.77%
75th Percentile £67,500 £71,250 £75,000
90th Percentile £82,500 £83,750 £87,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £40,000 £52,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -23.81% -4.55% +4.76%

All Software Libraries and Frameworks
UK

CSS falls under the Software Libraries and Frameworks category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for technical specification, industry standards, software libraries and framework skills 7,045 13,664 13,521
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 13.02% 20.88% 26.52%
Number of salaries quoted 5,137 8,307 11,158
10th Percentile £36,250 £38,750 £41,250
25th Percentile £50,000 £48,750 £51,250
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £67,500 £65,000 £66,500
Median % change year-on-year +3.85% -2.26% +2.31%
75th Percentile £86,250 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £115,000 £108,750 £106,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £57,500 £57,500 £57,500

CSS
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing CSS relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

CSS job vacancy trend in the UK

CSS
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing CSS

CSS
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing CSS over the 6 months to 30 November 2025.

Salary histogram for CSS in the UK

CSS
Top 18 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing CSS within the UK over the 6 months to 30 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -76 891 £50,000 -9.09% 799
UK excluding London -89 664 £40,000 -23.81% 737
Work from Home -56 377 £50,750 -7.73% 195
London -44 260 £67,500 +3.85% 242
North of England -31 236 £37,500 -25.00% 161
South East -103 128 £45,000 -21.74% 244
Yorkshire -7 104 £30,500 -35.79% 49
North West -38 104 £47,500 -5.00% 92
Midlands -45 104 £43,000 -14.00% 123
East of England -53 71 £52,500 -4.55% 80
South West -62 68 £39,250 -28.64% 69
East Midlands -34 55 £47,500 +11.76% 46
West Midlands -33 50 £32,500 -40.91% 77
Scotland -65 35 £30,500 -39.00% 32
North East -10 28 £30,500 -41.90% 22
Wales -8 20 £67,500 +42.11% 32
Northern Ireland -13 3 £31,500 -38.54% 6
Channel Islands +5 1 £90,000 -

CSS
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 63 (6.22%) CMS
2 61 (6.02%) WordPress
3 25 (2.47%) Confluence
4 17 (1.68%) SharePoint
5 10 (0.99%) Headless CMS
6 9 (0.89%) IIS
6 9 (0.89%) Umbraco
7 8 (0.79%) Drupal
8 7 (0.69%) Apache
9 6 (0.59%) Adobe Experience Manager
9 6 (0.59%) nginx
10 3 (0.30%) Apache Airflow
11 2 (0.20%) ArcGIS
11 2 (0.20%) EPiServer
11 2 (0.20%) Mendix
11 2 (0.20%) Microsoft Exchange
11 2 (0.20%) Sitecore CMS
12 1 (0.099%) Apache Solr
12 1 (0.099%) ColdFusion
12 1 (0.099%) SugarCRM
Applications
1 29 (2.86%) Adobe XD
2 26 (2.57%) Adobe Creative Suite
3 22 (2.17%) Microsoft Office
4 20 (1.97%) MS Visio
5 15 (1.48%) Adobe Illustrator
5 15 (1.48%) Sketch
6 13 (1.28%) Photoshop
7 9 (0.89%) Microsoft PowerPoint
8 8 (0.79%) AutoCAD
8 8 (0.79%) Chatbot
8 8 (0.79%) SOLIDWORKS
9 7 (0.69%) InDesign
9 7 (0.69%) InVision
10 3 (0.30%) Adobe After Effects
10 3 (0.30%) Adobe Premiere
10 3 (0.30%) Microsoft Excel
11 1 (0.099%) CapCut
11 1 (0.099%) Elementor
11 1 (0.099%) Spreadsheet
11 1 (0.099%) Trello
Business Applications
1 19 (1.88%) Shopify
2 16 (1.58%) Dynamics CRM
3 11 (1.09%) Sprinklr
4 5 (0.49%) Payment Gateway
5 3 (0.30%) SAP Business One
6 2 (0.20%) Sage 1000
6 2 (0.20%) Salesforce CRM
7 1 (0.099%) Magento
7 1 (0.099%) NetSuite
7 1 (0.099%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 433 (42.74%) Azure
2 322 (31.79%) AWS
3 265 (26.16%) GitHub
4 75 (7.40%) Figma
5 69 (6.81%) Serverless
6 47 (4.64%) GCP
7 42 (4.15%) Azure DevOps
8 40 (3.95%) SaaS
9 38 (3.75%) Google Analytics
10 32 (3.16%) Power Platform
11 27 (2.67%) Azure Service Bus
12 23 (2.27%) Power Automate
13 22 (2.17%) Azure Functions
14 21 (2.07%) Azure Cosmos DB
15 20 (1.97%) Amazon S3
15 20 (1.97%) Azure Logic Apps
16 19 (1.88%) Amazon SQS
16 19 (1.88%) AWS Lambda
17 18 (1.78%) Entra ID
18 17 (1.68%) npm
Communications & Networking
1 186 (18.36%) Internet
2 10 (0.99%) HTTP
3 6 (0.59%) Intranet
4 4 (0.39%) Ethernet
4 4 (0.39%) Modbus
4 4 (0.39%) MQTT
5 3 (0.30%) AMQP
6 2 (0.20%) DNS
6 2 (0.20%) HTTPS
7 1 (0.099%) Firewall
7 1 (0.099%) FTP
7 1 (0.099%) SSH
7 1 (0.099%) Wi-Fi
Database & Business Intelligence
1 152 (15.00%) SQL Server
2 119 (11.75%) MySQL
3 49 (4.84%) Relational Database
4 48 (4.74%) PostgreSQL
5 46 (4.54%) NoSQL
6 28 (2.76%) MongoDB
7 18 (1.78%) Power BI
8 12 (1.18%) Azure SQL Database
8 12 (1.18%) Redis
9 10 (0.99%) GIS
10 9 (0.89%) DB2
10 9 (0.89%) Looker
11 8 (0.79%) Data Warehouse
11 8 (0.79%) Metadata
11 8 (0.79%) SQL Server Reporting Services
12 7 (0.69%) DynamoDB
12 7 (0.69%) Elasticsearch
13 5 (0.49%) SQL Server Integration Services
14 4 (0.39%) Amazon RDS
14 4 (0.39%) MariaDB
Development Applications
1 364 (35.93%) Git
2 48 (4.74%) JIRA
3 42 (4.15%) webpack
4 37 (3.65%) Cypress.io
5 34 (3.36%) Jenkins
6 21 (2.07%) Selenium
6 21 (2.07%) Visual Studio
7 20 (1.97%) Axure RP
8 16 (1.58%) Vite
9 14 (1.38%) Babel
10 13 (1.28%) TeamCity
11 12 (1.18%) Bitbucket
12 11 (1.09%) Balsamiq
12 11 (1.09%) Cucumber
13 9 (0.89%) GitLab
13 9 (0.89%) gulp
13 9 (0.89%) JUnit
13 9 (0.89%) SonarQube
14 8 (0.79%) Maven
14 8 (0.79%) Oracle APEX
General
1 294 (29.02%) Social Skills
2 190 (18.76%) Multimedia
3 168 (16.58%) Finance
4 106 (10.46%) Analytical Skills
4 106 (10.46%) Marketing
5 100 (9.87%) Law
6 58 (5.73%) Inclusion and Diversity
7 43 (4.24%) Public Sector
8 42 (4.15%) Retail
9 33 (3.26%) Banking
10 27 (2.67%) Legal
11 16 (1.58%) Advertising
12 15 (1.48%) Publishing
13 13 (1.28%) Organisational Skills
14 10 (0.99%) Games
14 10 (0.99%) Manufacturing
15 8 (0.79%) Military
15 8 (0.79%) Pharmaceutical
16 6 (0.59%) Aeronautics
16 6 (0.59%) Back Office
Job Titles
1 571 (56.37%) Developer
2 183 (18.07%) Trainee
3 165 (16.29%) Senior
4 143 (14.12%) Software Developer
5 119 (11.75%) Full-Stack Developer
6 111 (10.96%) Senior Developer
7 89 (8.79%) Trainee Developer
8 84 (8.29%) Trainee Software Developer
9 77 (7.60%) Front-End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
10 65 (6.42%) .NET Developer
11 58 (5.73%) Software Engineer
12 54 (5.33%) Lead
13 53 (5.23%) Designer
14 49 (4.84%) C# Developer
15 47 (4.64%) PHP Developer
16 45 (4.44%) Graduate
16 45 (4.44%) Graduate Developer
17 43 (4.24%) React Developer
18 40 (3.95%) Senior Full-Stack Developer
19 36 (3.55%) Web Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 897 (88.55%) HTML
2 329 (32.48%) React
3 223 (22.01%) .NET
4 132 (13.03%) Node.js
5 128 (12.64%) HTML5
6 122 (12.04%) RESTful
7 115 (11.35%) AngularJS
8 101 (9.97%) CSS3
9 100 (9.87%) ASP.NET
10 83 (8.19%) jQuery
11 81 (8.00%) Vue
12 79 (7.80%) REST
13 67 (6.61%) .NET Core
14 62 (6.12%) .NET Framework
15 58 (5.73%) JSON
16 55 (5.43%) GraphQL
17 51 (5.03%) Jest
18 49 (4.84%) XML
19 46 (4.54%) Tailwind CSS
20 40 (3.95%) Entity Framework
Miscellaneous
1 50 (4.94%) Product Ownership
2 34 (3.36%) Cloud Native
3 31 (3.06%) Mobile App
4 21 (2.07%) Analytical Mindset
5 18 (1.78%) Data Structures
5 18 (1.78%) Onboarding
6 16 (1.58%) Self-Motivation
7 15 (1.48%) Algorithms
7 15 (1.48%) Greenfield Project
8 14 (1.38%) Motion Graphics
8 14 (1.38%) Social Media
9 12 (1.18%) Legacy Systems
10 11 (1.09%) Low-Code
11 10 (0.99%) Data Centre
12 9 (0.89%) Data Protection Act
12 9 (0.89%) Distributed Systems
12 9 (0.89%) Virtual Team
13 8 (0.79%) W3C
14 7 (0.69%) Digital TV
15 6 (0.59%) Animation
Operating Systems
1 30 (2.96%) Linux
2 26 (2.57%) Windows
3 11 (1.09%) Android
3 11 (1.09%) Apple iOS
4 8 (0.79%) Windows Server
5 5 (0.49%) Unix
6 3 (0.30%) Mac OS
7 2 (0.20%) Solaris
Processes & Methodologies
1 422 (41.66%) Agile
2 289 (28.53%) Mentoring
3 265 (26.16%) User Experience
4 263 (25.96%) Problem-Solving
5 229 (22.61%) Full-Stack Development
6 182 (17.97%) Front End Development
7 179 (17.67%) Cybersecurity
8 167 (16.49%) CI/CD
9 160 (15.79%) DevOps
10 132 (13.03%) Continuous Improvement
11 126 (12.44%) MVC
12 119 (11.75%) UX Design
13 114 (11.25%) Computer Science
13 114 (11.25%) Web Development
14 104 (10.27%) Software Engineering
15 89 (8.79%) Analytics
15 89 (8.79%) OOP
16 85 (8.39%) Test Automation
17 83 (8.19%) Scrum
18 79 (7.80%) OO
Programming Languages
1 805 (79.47%) JavaScript
2 288 (28.43%) Python
3 229 (22.61%) SQL
4 227 (22.41%) C#
5 201 (19.84%) TypeScript
6 121 (11.94%) Java
7 112 (11.06%) PHP
8 94 (9.28%) R
9 42 (4.15%) C++
10 20 (1.97%) T-SQL
11 12 (1.18%) Ruby
12 11 (1.09%) Perl
13 10 (0.99%) PL/SQL
14 8 (0.79%) C
14 8 (0.79%) Go
15 7 (0.69%) Bicep
16 5 (0.49%) VB.NET
17 4 (0.39%) ActionScript
17 4 (0.39%) Objective-C
17 4 (0.39%) XAML
Qualifications
1 187 (18.46%) Degree
1 187 (18.46%) Microsoft Certification
2 185 (18.26%) AWS Certification
2 185 (18.26%) Azure Certification
3 183 (18.07%) AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
4 99 (9.77%) Computer Science Degree
5 62 (6.12%) Security Cleared
6 39 (3.85%) SC Cleared
7 20 (1.97%) Master's Degree
8 16 (1.58%) DV Cleared
9 12 (1.18%) HND
10 7 (0.69%) DBS Check
11 5 (0.49%) BPSS Clearance
12 4 (0.39%) Chartered Engineer
12 4 (0.39%) HNC
12 4 (0.39%) ISEB
12 4 (0.39%) ISTQB
12 4 (0.39%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
13 2 (0.20%) CCA
13 2 (0.20%) MCP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 150 (14.81%) Accessibility
2 80 (7.90%) QA
3 53 (5.23%) WCAG
4 38 (3.75%) GDPR
5 8 (0.79%) IEC 61131
6 5 (0.49%) PERC
6 5 (0.49%) Section 508
7 3 (0.30%) Data Quality
7 3 (0.30%) SLA
8 1 (0.099%) Actionable Recommendations
8 1 (0.099%) HL7
8 1 (0.099%) ISO/IEC 27001
8 1 (0.099%) MiFID
8 1 (0.099%) NCSC
8 1 (0.099%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 91 (8.98%) Docker
2 15 (1.48%) Active Directory
3 4 (0.39%) VMware ESXi
3 4 (0.39%) VMware Infrastructure
Systems Management
1 61 (6.02%) Kubernetes
2 26 (2.57%) Terraform
3 4 (0.39%) Argo
3 4 (0.39%) Functional Safety
3 4 (0.39%) Grafana
4 3 (0.30%) cPanel
4 3 (0.30%) Plesk
4 3 (0.30%) Single Sign-On
5 2 (0.20%) Ansible
5 2 (0.20%) Prometheus
6 1 (0.099%) Microsoft Intune
Vendors
1 295 (29.12%) Microsoft
2 76 (7.50%) Adobe
3 47 (4.64%) Google
4 34 (3.36%) ServiceNow
5 26 (2.57%) Salesforce
6 21 (2.07%) Oracle
7 12 (1.18%) Cisco
7 12 (1.18%) Siemens
8 9 (0.89%) Apple
8 9 (0.89%) Guidewire
9 8 (0.79%) Ahrefs
9 8 (0.79%) Allen-Bradley
9 8 (0.79%) Toshiba
10 6 (0.59%) Atlassian
10 6 (0.59%) HubSpot
10 6 (0.59%) Salesforce Marketing Cloud
11 5 (0.49%) Hotjar
11 5 (0.49%) Meraki
11 5 (0.49%) Red Hat
11 5 (0.49%) SAP