SQL (Structured Query Language)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies with a requirement for SQL skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited SQL over the 6 months to 2 December 2023 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
2 Dec 2023
Same period 2022 Same period 2021
Rank 8 9 7
Rank change year-on-year +1 -2 -1
Permanent jobs citing SQL 8,115 21,177 22,661
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 15.21% 16.90% 17.52%
As % of the Programming Languages category 37.50% 36.85% 33.55%
Number of salaries quoted 6,323 13,628 16,582
10th Percentile £36,250 £36,250 £33,805
25th Percentile £45,000 £45,000 £41,500
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £60,000 £60,000 £55,000
Median % change year-on-year - +9.09% +4.76%
75th Percentile £77,500 £77,500 £71,250
90th Percentile £92,500 £93,750 £90,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £52,500 £52,500 £47,500
% change year-on-year - +10.53% -

All Programming Languages
UK

SQL is in the Programming Languages category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 21,640 57,467 67,549
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 40.55% 45.85% 52.23%
Number of salaries quoted 16,902 36,547 45,642
10th Percentile £39,820 £38,302 £36,250
25th Percentile £48,140 £47,500 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £65,000 £65,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year - +8.33% +9.09%
75th Percentile £85,000 £85,000 £80,000
90th Percentile £106,250 £102,500 £97,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £50,000
% change year-on-year - +10.00% -

SQL
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing SQL as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for SQL in the UK

SQL
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing SQL.

Salary trend for SQL in the UK

SQL
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing SQL over the 6 months to 2 December 2023.

Salary histogram for SQL in the UK

SQL
Top 19 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing SQL within the UK over the 6 months to 2 December 2023. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England 0 7,184 £60,000 - 3,269
UK excluding London -1 4,752 £52,500 - 2,118
Work from Home -2 3,699 £60,000 +4.35% 1,758
London 0 2,936 £72,500 +3.57% 1,405
North of England -2 1,216 £52,500 +2.94% 635
South East -1 1,175 £52,500 -4.55% 556
Midlands 0 872 £50,000 - 330
North West -2 633 £57,500 +15.00% 385
South West -6 590 £54,000 +8.00% 214
West Midlands +1 544 £50,000 - 200
Yorkshire -2 513 £50,000 -4.76% 193
Scotland +5 426 £56,909 +3.47% 137
East Midlands 0 332 £50,000 - 130
East of England +1 237 £55,000 +4.76% 178
Wales -7 168 £45,000 -10.00% 79
North East -3 70 £50,000 +5.26% 67
Northern Ireland -19 70 £46,250 -7.50% 32
Isle of Man +6 20 £52,500 -27.59% 2
Channel Islands +9 4 £65,000 +30.00% 1

SQL
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 253 (3.12%) SharePoint
2 194 (2.39%) IIS
3 148 (1.82%) Apache Spark
4 140 (1.73%) Apache Airflow
5 131 (1.61%) Confluence
6 121 (1.49%) SAS
7 108 (1.33%) Apache
8 67 (0.83%) CMS
9 54 (0.67%) MS Exchange
10 49 (0.60%) WebSphere
11 47 (0.58%) Tomcat
12 36 (0.44%) Umbraco
13 24 (0.30%) WordPress
14 22 (0.27%) Captiva
14 22 (0.27%) FileNet
15 19 (0.23%) Jetty
15 19 (0.23%) Oracle Workflow
16 15 (0.18%) Oracle Application Server
17 14 (0.17%) NServiceBus
17 14 (0.17%) WebSphere Application Server
Applications
1 460 (5.67%) Microsoft Excel
2 284 (3.50%) Microsoft Office
3 64 (0.79%) Microsoft PowerPoint
4 56 (0.69%) MS Visio
5 14 (0.17%) Spreadsheet
6 12 (0.15%) Microsoft Project
7 6 (0.074%) SPSS
8 5 (0.062%) Chatbot
9 4 (0.049%) AutoCAD
9 4 (0.049%) Trello
10 3 (0.037%) InDesign
11 2 (0.025%) Photoshop
12 1 (0.012%) Adobe Creative Suite
12 1 (0.012%) Adobe Illustrator
12 1 (0.012%) Adobe Premiere
12 1 (0.012%) Oracle Smart View
12 1 (0.012%) SOLIDWORKS
Business Applications
1 153 (1.89%) Dynamics CRM
2 105 (1.29%) Hyperion Planning
3 34 (0.42%) NetSuite
3 34 (0.42%) Oracle EBS
4 26 (0.32%) Dynamics NAV
5 22 (0.27%) Oracle EBS R12
6 18 (0.22%) Fidessa
6 18 (0.22%) Siebel CRM
7 16 (0.20%) Elite 3E
7 16 (0.20%) Shopify
8 15 (0.18%) Dynamics AX
8 15 (0.18%) SAP Business One
9 14 (0.17%) Remedy ITSM
10 12 (0.15%) BusinessWorks
11 10 (0.12%) Oracle Applications
11 10 (0.12%) Unit4 Business World
12 9 (0.11%) Dynamics GP
12 9 (0.11%) Oracle ERP
12 9 (0.11%) Primavera
12 9 (0.11%) ProductWriter
Cloud Services
1 2,817 (34.71%) Azure
2 1,514 (18.66%) AWS
3 1,436 (17.70%) Power Platform
4 652 (8.03%) Azure DevOps
5 563 (6.94%) GCP
6 411 (5.06%) Microsoft 365
7 386 (4.76%) Azure Data Factory
8 368 (4.53%) SaaS
9 296 (3.65%) Serverless
10 217 (2.67%) PowerApps
11 215 (2.65%) Azure Synapse Analytics
12 209 (2.58%) GitHub
13 208 (2.56%) Dynamics 365
14 206 (2.54%) Snowflake
15 187 (2.30%) Entra ID
16 175 (2.16%) PaaS
17 155 (1.91%) Power Automate
18 138 (1.70%) Azure Service Bus
19 130 (1.60%) Azure Logic Apps
20 125 (1.54%) IaaS
Communications & Networking
1 226 (2.78%) Firewall
2 175 (2.16%) DNS
3 113 (1.39%) WAN
4 104 (1.28%) VPN
5 97 (1.20%) DHCP
6 79 (0.97%) Internet
6 79 (0.97%) SAN
7 76 (0.94%) TCP/IP
8 66 (0.81%) LAN
9 54 (0.67%) HTTP
10 53 (0.65%) VLAN
11 38 (0.47%) NAS
12 35 (0.43%) VoIP
13 34 (0.42%) SNMP
14 32 (0.39%) Network Security
15 26 (0.32%) Skype
16 21 (0.26%) SMTP
17 20 (0.25%) Wireless
18 17 (0.21%) FTP
19 14 (0.17%) SMS
Database & Business Intelligence
1 1,815 (22.37%) SQL Server
2 1,305 (16.08%) Power BI
3 805 (9.92%) Data Warehouse
4 565 (6.96%) NoSQL
5 530 (6.53%) SQL Server Integration Services
6 418 (5.15%) SQL Server Reporting Services
7 408 (5.03%) Tableau
8 401 (4.94%) Relational Database
9 381 (4.70%) PostgreSQL
10 358 (4.41%) Data Lake
11 345 (4.25%) MySQL
12 341 (4.20%) Azure SQL Database
13 284 (3.50%) Oracle Database
14 267 (3.29%) MongoDB
15 228 (2.81%) Big Data
16 195 (2.40%) SQL Server Analysis Services
17 135 (1.66%) Amazon Redshift
18 134 (1.65%) BigQuery
19 130 (1.60%) Hadoop
20 124 (1.53%) Oracle Database 11g
Development Applications
1 656 (8.08%) Git
2 367 (4.52%) JIRA
3 282 (3.48%) Jenkins
4 206 (2.54%) Visual Studio
5 204 (2.51%) Selenium
6 142 (1.75%) Maven
7 111 (1.37%) Cucumber
8 87 (1.07%) Postman
9 81 (1.00%) LabVIEW
10 74 (0.91%) Team Foundation Server
11 70 (0.86%) JUnit
12 66 (0.81%) Cypress.io
12 66 (0.81%) GitLab
13 61 (0.75%) SoapUI
14 60 (0.74%) Bitbucket
14 60 (0.74%) SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)
15 53 (0.65%) IntelliJ
15 53 (0.65%) Oracle APEX
16 48 (0.59%) Oracle Forms
16 48 (0.59%) TeamCity
General
1 2,257 (27.81%) Finance
2 1,740 (21.44%) Social Skills
3 1,058 (13.04%) Analytical Skills
4 629 (7.75%) Banking
5 384 (4.73%) Retail
6 356 (4.39%) Marketing
7 343 (4.23%) Law
8 293 (3.61%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 258 (3.18%) Manufacturing
10 218 (2.69%) Public Sector
11 201 (2.48%) Legal
12 152 (1.87%) Presentation Skills
13 150 (1.85%) Front Office
14 106 (1.31%) Financial Institution
15 88 (1.08%) Back Office
16 80 (0.99%) Telecoms
17 79 (0.97%) Organisational Skills
18 73 (0.90%) Investment Banking
19 72 (0.89%) Automotive
20 71 (0.87%) Documentation Skills
Job Titles
1 2,324 (28.64%) Developer
2 1,695 (20.89%) Senior
3 1,322 (16.29%) Analyst
4 770 (9.49%) Data Engineer
5 601 (7.41%) Lead
6 564 (6.95%) Senior Developer
7 500 (6.16%) Software Engineer
8 475 (5.85%) .NET Developer
9 409 (5.04%) Data Analyst
10 357 (4.40%) Software Developer
11 343 (4.23%) Applications Support
12 303 (3.73%) Full Stack Developer
13 300 (3.70%) Systems Engineer
14 291 (3.59%) C# Developer
15 290 (3.57%) DBA
16 289 (3.56%) Architect
17 284 (3.50%) Consultant
18 282 (3.48%) Support Analyst
19 258 (3.18%) Administrator
20 244 (3.01%) Senior Analyst
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 1,648 (20.31%) .NET
2 815 (10.04%) HTML
3 739 (9.11%) CSS
4 634 (7.81%) React
5 560 (6.90%) AngularJS
6 469 (5.78%) .NET Framework
6 469 (5.78%) ASP.NET
7 446 (5.50%) REST
8 432 (5.32%) .NET Core
9 390 (4.81%) XML
10 359 (4.42%) JSON
11 356 (4.39%) Web Services
12 286 (3.52%) Spring
13 273 (3.36%) RESTful
14 226 (2.78%) jQuery
15 217 (2.67%) Vue
16 213 (2.62%) SOAP
17 205 (2.53%) ASP.NET Web API
17 205 (2.53%) Entity Framework
18 189 (2.33%) Node.js
Miscellaneous
1 358 (4.41%) Management Information System
2 285 (3.51%) Self-Motivation
3 202 (2.49%) Product Ownership
4 179 (2.21%) Data Structures
5 170 (2.09%) Algorithms
6 161 (1.98%) Replication
7 159 (1.96%) Enterprise Software
8 145 (1.79%) Greenfield Project
9 140 (1.73%) Public Cloud
10 131 (1.61%) Onboarding
11 122 (1.50%) Data Centre
12 113 (1.39%) Clustering
13 112 (1.38%) Cloud Native
14 100 (1.23%) Distributed Systems
15 94 (1.16%) Mobile App
16 92 (1.13%) Virtual Team
17 87 (1.07%) Low-Code
18 86 (1.06%) Legacy Systems
19 85 (1.05%) Hedge funds
20 84 (1.04%) Raspberry Pi
Operating Systems
1 869 (10.71%) Windows
2 557 (6.86%) Linux
3 403 (4.97%) Windows Server
4 245 (3.02%) Unix
5 94 (1.16%) Windows Server 2016
6 85 (1.05%) Windows 10
6 85 (1.05%) Windows Server 2012
7 65 (0.80%) Windows Server 2019
8 63 (0.78%) Android
9 47 (0.58%) Apple iOS
9 47 (0.58%) Mac OS
9 47 (0.58%) Ubuntu
10 42 (0.52%) CentOS
11 29 (0.36%) Solaris
12 28 (0.35%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
13 20 (0.25%) Windows 7
14 18 (0.22%) Debian
15 15 (0.18%) AIX
15 15 (0.18%) Mac OS X
15 15 (0.18%) SUSE
Processes & Methodologies
1 2,321 (28.60%) Agile
2 1,558 (19.20%) Business Intelligence
3 1,501 (18.50%) Problem-Solving
4 1,417 (17.46%) DevOps
5 1,273 (15.69%) Analytics
6 982 (12.10%) ETL
7 888 (10.94%) Software Engineering
8 850 (10.47%) CI/CD
9 825 (10.17%) Data Modelling
10 742 (9.14%) Visualisation
11 651 (8.02%) Full Stack Development
12 621 (7.65%) Data Analysis
13 602 (7.42%) Computer Science
14 601 (7.41%) Mentoring
15 597 (7.36%) Scrum
16 591 (7.28%) Migration
17 551 (6.79%) Microservices
18 536 (6.61%) Data Science
19 534 (6.58%) Actionable Insight
20 488 (6.01%) Data Visualisation
Programming Languages
1 1,947 (23.99%) Python
2 1,827 (22.51%) C#
3 1,420 (17.50%) JavaScript
4 943 (11.62%) Java
5 776 (9.56%) T-SQL
6 614 (7.57%) PowerShell
7 598 (7.37%) PL/SQL
8 374 (4.61%) TypeScript
9 218 (2.69%) PHP
10 216 (2.66%) Bash
11 214 (2.64%) R
12 203 (2.50%) C++
13 174 (2.14%) VB
14 173 (2.13%) Data Analysis Expressions
15 118 (1.45%) Scala
16 109 (1.34%) VB.NET
17 88 (1.08%) VBA
18 85 (1.05%) Ruby
19 81 (1.00%) Shell Script
20 75 (0.92%) Go
Qualifications
1 1,256 (15.48%) Degree
2 549 (6.77%) Security Cleared
3 418 (5.15%) SC Cleared
4 383 (4.72%) Computer Science Degree
5 177 (2.18%) Master's Degree
6 145 (1.79%) Microsoft Certification
7 120 (1.48%) Azure Certification
8 103 (1.27%) DV Cleared
9 86 (1.06%) HNC
10 50 (0.62%) AWS Certification
11 47 (0.58%) MCSA
12 45 (0.55%) MCSE
13 37 (0.46%) ITIL Certification
14 33 (0.41%) BPSS Clearance
14 33 (0.41%) ISTQB
14 33 (0.41%) VMware Certified Professional (VCP)
15 32 (0.39%) DBS Check
16 31 (0.38%) Cisco Certification
17 28 (0.35%) PhD
18 25 (0.31%) CCNA
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 385 (4.74%) Data Quality
2 358 (4.41%) QA
3 131 (1.61%) SLA
4 101 (1.24%) GDPR
5 50 (0.62%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 38 (0.47%) PMO
7 36 (0.44%) Accessibility
8 27 (0.33%) PCI DSS
9 15 (0.18%) Actionable Recommendations
9 15 (0.18%) Cyber Essentials
10 11 (0.14%) NCSC
11 10 (0.12%) NIST
12 9 (0.11%) HL7
12 9 (0.11%) IFRS
13 8 (0.099%) IFRS 9
13 8 (0.099%) ISO/IEC 20000
14 7 (0.086%) Cyber Essentials PLUS
14 7 (0.086%) ISO 22301
14 7 (0.086%) ISO 9001
14 7 (0.086%) MiFID
System Software
1 565 (6.96%) Docker
2 557 (6.86%) Active Directory
3 233 (2.87%) VMware Infrastructure
4 143 (1.76%) Hyper-V
5 56 (0.69%) Virtual Machines
6 46 (0.57%) vSphere
7 40 (0.49%) VMware NSX
8 24 (0.30%) Oracle RAC
9 16 (0.20%) Virtual Desktop
10 14 (0.17%) vCloud
10 14 (0.17%) VMware ESXi
11 12 (0.15%) Virtual Servers
12 11 (0.14%) HDFS
13 10 (0.12%) VMware Workstation
14 9 (0.11%) XenApp
15 8 (0.099%) Firmware
16 7 (0.086%) XenDesktop
17 6 (0.074%) VirtualBox
18 5 (0.062%) Apache ZooKeeper
18 5 (0.062%) RACF
Systems Management
1 517 (6.37%) Kubernetes
2 268 (3.30%) Terraform
3 100 (1.23%) Ansible
4 89 (1.10%) Microsoft Intune
5 84 (1.04%) SCCM
6 55 (0.68%) SCOM
7 38 (0.47%) Grafana
8 35 (0.43%) Failover Clustering
9 32 (0.39%) Oracle RMAN
9 32 (0.39%) Prometheus
10 28 (0.35%) Microsoft Clustering
11 26 (0.32%) Single Sign-On
12 24 (0.30%) Progress Chef
12 24 (0.30%) Puppet
13 23 (0.28%) Data Guard
13 23 (0.28%) Kibana
14 18 (0.22%) Active Directory Federation Services
14 18 (0.22%) SCVMM
15 17 (0.21%) Packer
16 14 (0.17%) WSUS
Vendors
1 1,844 (22.72%) Microsoft
2 945 (11.65%) Oracle
3 343 (4.23%) VMware
4 314 (3.87%) Databricks
5 277 (3.41%) Google
6 165 (2.03%) NEC
7 158 (1.95%) SAP
8 111 (1.37%) Hyperion
9 100 (1.23%) Cisco
10 86 (1.06%) ServiceNow
11 81 (1.00%) IBM
12 76 (0.94%) Salesforce
13 75 (0.92%) Citrix
14 63 (0.78%) Alteryx
15 60 (0.74%) HP
16 59 (0.73%) Red Hat
17 58 (0.71%) Informatica
17 58 (0.71%) Veeam
18 56 (0.69%) Splunk
19 50 (0.62%) Teradata