AI Job Trends

AI
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring AI skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 5 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
5 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 8 59 84
Rank change year-on-year +51 +25 +14
Permanent jobs citing AI 6,236 2,596 1,866
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 12.46% 3.83% 3.53%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 14.31% 4.64% 3.76%
Number of salaries quoted 1,836 1,318 1,149
10th Percentile £33,750 £42,500 £43,750
25th Percentile £48,750 £56,375 £54,154
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £75,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -6.67% - +7.14%
75th Percentile £95,000 £95,000 £92,500
90th Percentile £120,000 £115,000 £115,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £60,000 £68,125 £65,066
% change year-on-year -11.93% +4.70% +8.44%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

AI falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 43,586 55,994 49,616
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 87.08% 82.59% 93.89%
Number of salaries quoted 26,170 29,448 38,129
10th Percentile £28,250 £33,750 £32,500
25th Percentile £35,532 £45,000 £43,992
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £54,250 £60,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -9.58% - -
75th Percentile £75,000 £78,750 £80,000
90th Percentile £95,000 £97,500 £97,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £46,750 £54,063 £52,500
% change year-on-year -13.53% +2.98% -

AI
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing AI relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

AI job vacancy trend in the UK

AI
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing AI

AI
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing AI over the 6 months to 5 November 2025.

Salary histogram for AI in the UK

AI
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing AI within the UK over the 6 months to 5 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +51 5,318 £71,500 -4.67% 7,626
UK excluding London +58 4,156 £60,000 -11.93% 5,391
Work from Home +69 3,642 £65,000 -16.13% 4,602
London +35 1,689 £80,000 -5.88% 4,125
North of England +68 1,264 £58,750 -9.62% 713
South East +25 1,031 £55,000 -21.43% 3,224
Midlands +145 792 £65,000 -16.13% 389
North West +60 614 £58,750 +3.97% 408
Yorkshire +64 520 £73,750 +5.36% 233
Scotland +70 496 £69,248 +10.80% 155
West Midlands +120 453 £62,500 -10.71% 217
East Midlands +117 337 £63,750 -25.00% 158
South West +41 301 £60,000 -7.69% 289
East of England +80 240 £47,500 -44.93% 461
North East +63 130 £28,668 -28.33% 74
Wales +35 80 £55,000 -18.98% 86
Northern Ireland -21 19 £70,000 -18.84% 39

AI
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 93 (1.49%) Apache Spark
2 73 (1.17%) SharePoint
3 57 (0.91%) Apache Airflow
4 45 (0.72%) Confluence
5 42 (0.67%) CMS
6 31 (0.50%) Apache
7 28 (0.45%) Microsoft Exchange
8 17 (0.27%) WordPress
9 15 (0.24%) Apache Solr
10 12 (0.19%) Oracle SOA Suite
10 12 (0.19%) Oracle Workflow
11 8 (0.13%) Camunda
12 6 (0.096%) Umbraco
13 4 (0.064%) ArcGIS
13 4 (0.064%) Drupal
13 4 (0.064%) JBoss
13 4 (0.064%) Luigi
13 4 (0.064%) nginx
13 4 (0.064%) Tomcat
13 4 (0.064%) WebSphere
Applications
1 1,788 (28.67%) Chatbot
2 140 (2.25%) Microsoft Excel
3 75 (1.20%) Microsoft Office
4 32 (0.51%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 18 (0.29%) Adobe Premiere
6 15 (0.24%) Sketch
7 14 (0.22%) Maya
8 12 (0.19%) Adobe XD
8 12 (0.19%) Photoshop
9 10 (0.16%) Adobe Creative Suite
10 9 (0.14%) Adobe After Effects
11 7 (0.11%) MS Visio
11 7 (0.11%) Spreadsheet
12 6 (0.096%) Notion
13 5 (0.080%) Simulink
14 4 (0.064%) InDesign
15 3 (0.048%) Final Cut Pro
15 3 (0.048%) Microsoft Project
15 3 (0.048%) S-PLUS
16 2 (0.032%) Revit
Business Applications
1 47 (0.75%) Dynamics CRM
2 16 (0.26%) Oracle ERP
3 14 (0.22%) NetSuite
4 11 (0.18%) SAP S/4HANA
5 10 (0.16%) Oracle Payables
6 9 (0.14%) Shopify
7 7 (0.11%) Endur
8 6 (0.096%) Salesforce CRM
9 5 (0.080%) Elite 3E
9 5 (0.080%) Oracle EBS
10 4 (0.064%) SAP SCM
11 3 (0.048%) Oracle Receivables
11 3 (0.048%) SAP Business One
12 2 (0.032%) Dynamics GP
12 2 (0.032%) Oracle Assets
12 2 (0.032%) Oracle General Ledger
12 2 (0.032%) SAP IBP
12 2 (0.032%) SAP MM
12 2 (0.032%) SAP SD
13 1 (0.016%) SAP APO
Cloud Services
1 970 (15.55%) Azure
2 796 (12.76%) AWS
3 386 (6.19%) Power Platform
4 337 (5.40%) SaaS
5 316 (5.07%) GCP
6 176 (2.82%) Azure DevOps
7 163 (2.61%) Microsoft 365
8 144 (2.31%) GitHub
9 116 (1.86%) Azure AI
10 97 (1.56%) Serverless
11 95 (1.52%) Snowflake
12 90 (1.44%) Vertex AI
13 86 (1.38%) Microsoft Copilot
14 82 (1.31%) Power Automate
15 79 (1.27%) Entra ID
16 71 (1.14%) Amazon S3
17 69 (1.11%) Azure Data Factory
18 62 (0.99%) Amazon Bedrock
19 59 (0.95%) Cloud Computing
20 57 (0.91%) Amazon EKS
Communications & Networking
1 37 (0.59%) Firewall
2 36 (0.58%) VPN
2 36 (0.58%) WAN
3 34 (0.55%) Internet
4 29 (0.47%) DNS
5 20 (0.32%) Unified Communications
6 18 (0.29%) SD-WAN
6 18 (0.29%) VoIP
7 17 (0.27%) Broadband
7 17 (0.27%) Network Security
8 15 (0.24%) TCP/IP
9 14 (0.22%) LAN
10 13 (0.21%) Wi-Fi
11 12 (0.19%) Wireless
12 8 (0.13%) BGP
12 8 (0.13%) SAN
12 8 (0.13%) VLAN
12 8 (0.13%) WebEx
13 7 (0.11%) OSPF
13 7 (0.11%) Telepresence
Database & Business Intelligence
1 264 (4.23%) Power BI
2 162 (2.60%) Data Warehouse
3 153 (2.45%) NoSQL
4 110 (1.76%) Tableau
5 109 (1.75%) Data Lake
6 104 (1.67%) SQL Server
7 100 (1.60%) PostgreSQL
8 93 (1.49%) Big Data
9 88 (1.41%) MongoDB
10 86 (1.38%) MySQL
11 74 (1.19%) Metadata
12 49 (0.79%) DynamoDB
13 47 (0.75%) Relational Database
14 36 (0.58%) Elasticsearch
15 35 (0.56%) Hadoop
16 26 (0.42%) Data Mining
16 26 (0.42%) Delta Lake
17 25 (0.40%) BigQuery
18 24 (0.38%) Azure SQL Database
18 24 (0.38%) Spark SQL
Development Applications
1 137 (2.20%) Git
2 113 (1.81%) JIRA
3 47 (0.75%) Jenkins
4 39 (0.63%) MLflow
5 21 (0.34%) Selenium
6 20 (0.32%) Vite
7 19 (0.30%) GitLab
7 19 (0.30%) Octopus Deploy
8 18 (0.29%) TeamCity
9 15 (0.24%) Cypress.io
10 14 (0.22%) JUnit
11 12 (0.19%) Maven
12 9 (0.14%) Oracle Forms
13 7 (0.11%) Burp Suite
13 7 (0.11%) JMeter
13 7 (0.11%) Locust
13 7 (0.11%) Spinnaker
14 6 (0.096%) ERwin
14 6 (0.096%) Postman
14 6 (0.096%) WebDriver
General
1 1,365 (21.89%) Analytical Skills
2 1,264 (20.27%) Social Skills
3 1,183 (18.97%) Finance
4 956 (15.33%) Retail
5 825 (13.23%) Manufacturing
6 685 (10.98%) Inclusion and Diversity
7 618 (9.91%) Law
8 524 (8.40%) Marketing
9 300 (4.81%) Banking
10 297 (4.76%) Public Sector
11 268 (4.30%) Legal
12 212 (3.40%) Dutch Language
13 196 (3.14%) Finnish Language
13 196 (3.14%) Norwegian Language
14 118 (1.89%) Games
15 91 (1.46%) Presentation Skills
16 78 (1.25%) Telecoms
17 77 (1.23%) Aviation
18 73 (1.17%) Financial Institution
19 71 (1.14%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 2,461 (39.46%) Trainer
2 647 (10.38%) Senior
3 424 (6.80%) Lead
4 365 (5.85%) Software Engineer
5 354 (5.68%) Developer
6 280 (4.49%) Architect
7 204 (3.27%) Analyst
8 190 (3.05%) Content Editor
9 158 (2.53%) Consultant
10 134 (2.15%) Data Engineer
11 114 (1.83%) Support Specialist
12 108 (1.73%) Customer Support Specialist
13 106 (1.70%) Java Engineer
14 102 (1.64%) Artificial Intelligence Engineer
14 102 (1.64%) Full-Stack Engineer
15 101 (1.62%) Research Scientist
16 97 (1.56%) Innovation Manager
17 94 (1.51%) Senior Developer
18 93 (1.49%) Lead Software Engineer
18 93 (1.49%) Solutions Architect
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 275 (4.41%) React
2 162 (2.60%) .NET
3 144 (2.31%) REST
4 128 (2.05%) HTML
4 128 (2.05%) PyTorch
5 118 (1.89%) TensorFlow
6 111 (1.78%) Spring
7 109 (1.75%) Kafka
8 94 (1.51%) Node.js
9 89 (1.43%) AngularJS
10 88 (1.41%) LangChain
11 83 (1.33%) RESTful
12 65 (1.04%) CSS
12 65 (1.04%) scikit-learn
13 61 (0.98%) FastAPI
14 56 (0.90%) Pandas
15 55 (0.88%) Hugging Face
15 55 (0.88%) Spring Boot
16 52 (0.83%) PySpark
17 51 (0.82%) Vue
Miscellaneous
1 859 (13.77%) Robotics
2 301 (4.83%) Cloud Native
3 237 (3.80%) Algorithms
4 165 (2.65%) Product Ownership
5 141 (2.26%) Onboarding
6 126 (2.02%) AI Agents
6 126 (2.02%) Molecular Biology
7 111 (1.78%) Management Information System
8 104 (1.67%) Self-Motivation
9 95 (1.52%) Hybrid Cloud
10 88 (1.41%) Enterprise Software
11 87 (1.40%) Legacy Systems
12 85 (1.36%) Analytical Mindset
13 76 (1.22%) Distributed Systems
14 75 (1.20%) Greenfield Project
15 73 (1.17%) Data Centre
16 72 (1.15%) e-Learning
17 68 (1.09%) Virtual Team
18 65 (1.04%) Data Structures
19 60 (0.96%) Life Science
Operating Systems
1 102 (1.64%) Windows
2 78 (1.25%) Linux
3 67 (1.07%) Android
4 63 (1.01%) Apple iOS
5 51 (0.82%) Unix
6 47 (0.75%) Windows Server
7 17 (0.27%) Mac OS
8 8 (0.13%) Ubuntu
9 7 (0.11%) Windows Server 2019
10 5 (0.080%) Kali Linux
11 3 (0.048%) Windows Server 2012
11 3 (0.048%) Windows Server 2016
12 2 (0.032%) Mac OS X
12 2 (0.032%) OpenWrt
13 1 (0.016%) Debian
13 1 (0.016%) OpenVMS
13 1 (0.016%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
13 1 (0.016%) Solaris
13 1 (0.016%) VMS
13 1 (0.016%) zOS
Processes & Methodologies
1 1,973 (31.64%) Machine Learning
2 1,829 (29.33%) Conversational UI
3 1,485 (23.81%) Problem-Solving
4 1,120 (17.96%) Generative AI
5 1,099 (17.62%) LLM
6 1,067 (17.11%) Agile
7 997 (15.99%) Analytics
8 742 (11.90%) Red Team
9 709 (11.37%) Software Engineering
10 691 (11.08%) Chemistry
11 689 (11.05%) Data Privacy
12 655 (10.50%) CI/CD
13 621 (9.96%) Roadmaps
14 601 (9.64%) Continuous Improvement
15 597 (9.57%) Decision-Making
16 562 (9.01%) DevOps
17 556 (8.92%) Computer Science
18 491 (7.87%) Data Science
19 438 (7.02%) Mentoring
20 420 (6.74%) Mathematics
Programming Languages
1 990 (15.88%) Python
2 693 (11.11%) SQL
3 355 (5.69%) Java
4 286 (4.59%) TypeScript
5 269 (4.31%) JavaScript
6 191 (3.06%) C#
7 126 (2.02%) C++
8 102 (1.64%) PowerShell
9 97 (1.56%) R
10 76 (1.22%) PHP
11 74 (1.19%) Rust
12 72 (1.15%) C
13 64 (1.03%) MATLAB
14 53 (0.85%) Ruby
15 52 (0.83%) Bash
16 49 (0.79%) Dart
17 47 (0.75%) Kotlin
18 45 (0.72%) Bicep
19 35 (0.56%) Go
20 33 (0.53%) Data Analysis Expressions
Qualifications
1 3,297 (52.87%) Degree
2 1,235 (19.80%) Master's Degree
3 1,118 (17.93%) PhD
4 268 (4.30%) Computer Science Degree
5 231 (3.70%) Security Cleared
6 195 (3.13%) SC Cleared
7 59 (0.95%) AWS Certification
7 59 (0.95%) Azure Certification
8 51 (0.82%) DBS Check
9 49 (0.79%) BPSS Clearance
9 49 (0.79%) DV Cleared
10 40 (0.64%) Microsoft Certification
11 31 (0.50%) ACCA
12 29 (0.47%) TOGAF Certification
13 27 (0.43%) Numerate Degree
14 26 (0.42%) PMP
15 23 (0.37%) Cisco Certification
16 22 (0.35%) PMI Certification
17 20 (0.32%) CISA
17 20 (0.32%) CISSP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 168 (2.69%) Data Quality
2 112 (1.80%) QA
3 109 (1.75%) GDPR
4 102 (1.64%) Accessibility
5 56 (0.90%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 31 (0.50%) Cyber Essentials
6 31 (0.50%) EU AI Act
6 31 (0.50%) SLA
7 25 (0.40%) GxP
8 22 (0.35%) NIST
9 20 (0.32%) Actionable Recommendations
9 20 (0.32%) HIPAA
10 19 (0.30%) Solvency II
11 18 (0.29%) PSD2
12 17 (0.27%) PMO
13 16 (0.26%) Sarbanes-Oxley
14 14 (0.22%) GAAP
14 14 (0.22%) GRC
14 14 (0.22%) IFRS
15 13 (0.21%) HL7
System Software
1 227 (3.64%) Docker
2 40 (0.64%) Active Directory
3 31 (0.50%) Virtual Machines
4 22 (0.35%) Virtual Desktop
4 22 (0.35%) VMware Infrastructure
5 13 (0.21%) Hyper-V
6 8 (0.13%) HDFS
7 7 (0.11%) vSphere
8 5 (0.080%) Lustre
9 4 (0.064%) Firmware
10 3 (0.048%) Apache Flume
10 3 (0.048%) GPFS
10 3 (0.048%) Slurm Workload Manager
11 2 (0.032%) Ceph
11 2 (0.032%) NFS
11 2 (0.032%) VMware ESXi
12 1 (0.016%) Oracle RAC
12 1 (0.016%) RACF
12 1 (0.016%) Terminal Server
12 1 (0.016%) Xen
Systems Management
1 254 (4.07%) Kubernetes
2 240 (3.85%) Terraform
3 54 (0.87%) Microsoft Intune
4 39 (0.63%) Ansible
4 39 (0.63%) Grafana
5 34 (0.55%) Prometheus
6 32 (0.51%) Kubeflow
6 32 (0.51%) Single Sign-On
7 11 (0.18%) SCCM
8 10 (0.16%) Argo
9 7 (0.11%) Cisco CUCM
10 5 (0.080%) Nagios
11 4 (0.064%) ITRS Geneos
11 4 (0.064%) Kibana
11 4 (0.064%) logstash
11 4 (0.064%) Nessus
11 4 (0.064%) Netcool
11 4 (0.064%) Netcool/OMNIbus
11 4 (0.064%) Nmap
11 4 (0.064%) Tivoli
Vendors
1 1,722 (27.61%) PayPal
2 963 (15.44%) Google
3 930 (14.91%) Databricks
4 821 (13.17%) Adobe
5 749 (12.01%) Microsoft
6 124 (1.99%) Cisco
7 122 (1.96%) Oracle
8 104 (1.67%) OpenAI
9 103 (1.65%) Dell
10 85 (1.36%) IBM
11 75 (1.20%) Salesforce
12 70 (1.12%) Foundry
13 69 (1.11%) Red Hat
14 63 (1.01%) SAP
15 59 (0.95%) ServiceNow
16 48 (0.77%) Palo Alto
17 47 (0.75%) Blue Prism
18 45 (0.72%) Apple
19 40 (0.64%) Palantir
20 39 (0.63%) Alteryx