Java Job Trends

Java
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring Java skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 2 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
2 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 67 33 22
Rank change year-on-year -34 -11 -6
Permanent jobs citing Java 1,870 3,510 4,219
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 3.45% 5.49% 8.34%
As % of the Programming Languages category 16.16% 16.69% 20.41%
Number of salaries quoted 1,185 2,137 3,300
10th Percentile £41,250 £41,250 £45,000
25th Percentile £57,500 £53,750 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £77,500 £80,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.13% +6.67% +3.45%
75th Percentile £108,750 £110,000 £96,250
90th Percentile £135,000 £140,000 £125,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £60,000 £61,500
% change year-on-year +8.33% -2.44% +2.50%

All Programming Languages
UK

Java falls under the Programming Languages category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 11,574 21,032 20,669
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 21.33% 32.91% 40.87%
Number of salaries quoted 8,399 12,594 17,055
10th Percentile £32,500 £37,500 £39,800
25th Percentile £45,000 £47,500 £48,140
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.85% - -
75th Percentile £83,250 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £107,500 £108,750 £105,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £55,000

Java
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing Java relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

Java job vacancy trend in the UK

Java
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java

Java
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Java over the 6 months to 2 December 2025.

Salary histogram for Java in the UK

Java
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Java within the UK over the 6 months to 2 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -36 1,622 £77,500 -3.13% 751
London -11 934 £102,500 +2.50% 309
UK excluding London -43 851 £65,000 +8.33% 683
Work from Home -23 664 £75,000 -11.76% 576
North of England -10 260 £65,000 +8.33% 135
South East -90 165 £62,500 -3.85% 293
Scotland -3 163 £77,500 +29.17% 31
North West -10 120 £67,500 +12.50% 83
Yorkshire +28 119 £67,500 +22.73% 38
South West -44 112 £65,000 +1.96% 109
Midlands +16 107 £60,000 +50.00% 55
West Midlands +30 81 £62,500 +19.05% 37
East of England -79 34 £28,250 -58.15% 50
East Midlands +6 26 £57,500 +64.29% 16
North East -11 23 £55,000 -6.75% 15
Wales -21 19 £80,000 +33.33% 15
Northern Ireland -20 4 £95,000 +72.73% 13

Java
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 90 (4.81%) Apache
2 85 (4.55%) Apache Airflow
3 66 (3.53%) Apache Spark
4 36 (1.93%) Confluence
5 16 (0.86%) Oracle SOA Suite
6 15 (0.80%) JBoss
7 10 (0.53%) WebSphere
8 9 (0.48%) Camunda
9 8 (0.43%) OpenStack
10 7 (0.37%) IIS
10 7 (0.37%) nginx
11 6 (0.32%) Anypoint
11 6 (0.32%) Mule
12 5 (0.27%) BizTalk Server
12 5 (0.27%) Oracle Workflow
12 5 (0.27%) SharePoint
13 4 (0.21%) Appian
14 3 (0.16%) Luigi
14 3 (0.16%) Microsoft Exchange
14 3 (0.16%) Tomcat
Applications
1 7 (0.37%) Microsoft PowerPoint
1 7 (0.37%) MS Visio
2 5 (0.27%) Chatbot
2 5 (0.27%) Microsoft Excel
2 5 (0.27%) Microsoft Office
3 3 (0.16%) Simulink
4 1 (0.053%) Trello
4 1 (0.053%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 31 (1.66%) Oracle ERP
2 12 (0.64%) Dynamics NAV
3 8 (0.43%) SAP S/4HANA
4 7 (0.37%) Fidessa
5 5 (0.27%) Maximo
5 5 (0.27%) Shopify
6 4 (0.21%) Payment Gateway
7 3 (0.16%) Adaptiv
8 2 (0.11%) Oracle Applications
9 1 (0.053%) Bloomberg AIM
9 1 (0.053%) Loan IQ
9 1 (0.053%) Summit
9 1 (0.053%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 885 (47.33%) AWS
2 404 (21.60%) Azure
3 227 (12.14%) GCP
4 148 (7.91%) Serverless
5 131 (7.01%) GitHub
6 102 (5.45%) SaaS
7 101 (5.40%) Amazon EKS
8 85 (4.55%) AWS Lambda
9 80 (4.28%) Amazon S3
10 76 (4.06%) dbt
11 74 (3.96%) Amazon ECS
12 71 (3.80%) Amazon EC2
13 68 (3.64%) Snowflake
14 49 (2.62%) Azure DevOps
14 49 (2.62%) OpenShift
15 46 (2.46%) Amazon CloudWatch
16 37 (1.98%) GitHub Actions
17 33 (1.76%) Datadog
18 31 (1.66%) OCI
19 29 (1.55%) Power Platform
Communications & Networking
1 37 (1.98%) TCP/IP
2 29 (1.55%) HTTP
3 22 (1.18%) Firewall
4 20 (1.07%) SSH
5 19 (1.02%) DNS
6 14 (0.75%) FTP
6 14 (0.75%) SMTP
7 12 (0.64%) AMQP
8 11 (0.59%) Internet
9 10 (0.53%) Multicast
9 10 (0.53%) VPN
10 7 (0.37%) SAN
10 7 (0.37%) VLAN
11 5 (0.27%) Bluetooth
12 4 (0.21%) Broadband
12 4 (0.21%) DHCP
12 4 (0.21%) Intrusion Detection
12 4 (0.21%) Kerberos
12 4 (0.21%) LAN
12 4 (0.21%) WAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 164 (8.77%) PostgreSQL
2 147 (7.86%) Relational Database
3 116 (6.20%) NoSQL
4 115 (6.15%) SQL Server
5 96 (5.13%) MongoDB
6 82 (4.39%) MySQL
7 79 (4.22%) Data Lake
8 66 (3.53%) Amazon Athena
9 61 (3.26%) Apache Iceberg
10 59 (3.16%) Big Data
11 57 (3.05%) Apache Arrow
11 57 (3.05%) Dremio
12 56 (2.99%) Apache Ignite
13 55 (2.94%) Data Warehouse
14 53 (2.83%) Amazon RDS
15 50 (2.67%) RDBMS
16 47 (2.51%) Hadoop
17 42 (2.25%) DynamoDB
18 31 (1.66%) Elasticsearch
19 30 (1.60%) BigQuery
Development Applications
1 221 (11.82%) Jenkins
2 168 (8.98%) Git
3 107 (5.72%) JIRA
4 105 (5.61%) Selenium
5 83 (4.44%) JUnit
6 82 (4.39%) GitLab
7 62 (3.32%) Cucumber
8 48 (2.57%) Cypress.io
9 45 (2.41%) JMeter
9 45 (2.41%) Maven
10 40 (2.14%) Postman
11 35 (1.87%) TeamCity
11 35 (1.87%) WebDriver
12 33 (1.76%) Mockito
12 33 (1.76%) Oracle Forms
13 32 (1.71%) Bitbucket
14 26 (1.39%) SoapUI
15 24 (1.28%) SonarQube
16 20 (1.07%) Sonatype Nexus
17 18 (0.96%) Team Foundation Server
General
1 744 (39.79%) Finance
2 492 (26.31%) Social Skills
3 343 (18.34%) Banking
4 256 (13.69%) Law
5 222 (11.87%) Inclusion and Diversity
6 167 (8.93%) Front Office
7 164 (8.77%) Analytical Skills
8 140 (7.49%) Investment Banking
9 110 (5.88%) Public Sector
10 100 (5.35%) Financial Institution
11 87 (4.65%) Marketing
12 50 (2.67%) Retail
13 43 (2.30%) Games
14 39 (2.09%) Back Office
15 33 (1.76%) Legal
16 23 (1.23%) Manufacturing
17 21 (1.12%) Aerospace
18 20 (1.07%) Influencing Skills
19 19 (1.02%) Presentation Skills
20 18 (0.96%) Documentation Skills
Job Titles
1 628 (33.58%) Developer
2 535 (28.61%) Software Engineer
3 437 (23.37%) Senior
4 305 (16.31%) Java Developer
4 305 (16.31%) Java Engineer
5 267 (14.28%) Lead
6 227 (12.14%) Java Software Engineer
7 163 (8.72%) Senior Software Engineer
8 117 (6.26%) Full-Stack Developer
9 115 (6.15%) Senior Java Engineer
10 114 (6.10%) AWS Engineer
11 112 (5.99%) Lead Software Engineer
12 106 (5.67%) Senior Developer
13 101 (5.40%) Architect
14 87 (4.65%) Full-Stack Engineer
15 85 (4.55%) Python Engineer
15 85 (4.55%) Senior Java Software Engineer
16 77 (4.12%) Python Software Engineer
17 76 (4.06%) AWS Software Engineer
18 75 (4.01%) Full-Stack Java Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 420 (22.46%) Spring
2 366 (19.57%) React
3 320 (17.11%) Spring Boot
4 278 (14.87%) Kafka
5 205 (10.96%) RESTful
6 188 (10.05%) REST
7 172 (9.20%) .NET
8 159 (8.50%) Node.js
9 142 (7.59%) AngularJS
10 133 (7.11%) HTML
11 121 (6.47%) CSS
12 88 (4.71%) Hibernate
13 86 (4.60%) SOAP
14 72 (3.85%) Pandas
15 67 (3.58%) jQuery
15 67 (3.58%) JSON
15 67 (3.58%) Web Services
16 65 (3.48%) gRPC
17 63 (3.37%) GraphQL
18 60 (3.21%) XML
Miscellaneous
1 341 (18.24%) Cloud Native
2 190 (10.16%) Distributed Systems
3 117 (6.26%) Equities
4 110 (5.88%) Fixed Income
5 104 (5.56%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
6 101 (5.40%) Algorithms
7 91 (4.87%) Derivative
8 69 (3.69%) Hedge funds
9 68 (3.64%) Enterprise Software
10 65 (3.48%) Self-Motivation
11 61 (3.26%) Product Ownership
12 58 (3.10%) Public Cloud
13 56 (2.99%) Onboarding
14 55 (2.94%) Pricing Data
15 47 (2.51%) Greenfield Project
16 39 (2.09%) Legacy Systems
16 39 (2.09%) Management Information System
17 30 (1.60%) Data Structures
18 26 (1.39%) Virtual Team
19 25 (1.34%) Distributed Architecture
Operating Systems
1 214 (11.44%) Linux
2 50 (2.67%) Windows
3 30 (1.60%) Unix
4 25 (1.34%) Android
5 14 (0.75%) VMS
6 12 (0.64%) Amazon Linux
6 12 (0.64%) Apple iOS
7 9 (0.48%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 9 (0.48%) Ubuntu
8 7 (0.37%) Mac OS
9 4 (0.21%) CentOS
9 4 (0.21%) Kali Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Debian
10 2 (0.11%) Embedded Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Oracle Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Windows Server 2019
11 1 (0.053%) AIX
11 1 (0.053%) FreeRTOS
11 1 (0.053%) SUSE
11 1 (0.053%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 896 (47.91%) Agile
2 720 (38.50%) Software Engineering
3 650 (34.76%) CI/CD
4 422 (22.57%) Microservices
5 412 (22.03%) DevOps
6 386 (20.64%) Problem-Solving
7 304 (16.26%) Test Automation
8 300 (16.04%) Full-Stack Development
9 291 (15.56%) Mentoring
10 279 (14.92%) Continuous Improvement
11 277 (14.81%) Computer Science
12 274 (14.65%) SDLC
13 231 (12.35%) AI
14 180 (9.63%) TDD
15 178 (9.52%) Containerisation
16 175 (9.36%) Scrum
17 167 (8.93%) Machine Learning
18 156 (8.34%) Clean Code
19 146 (7.81%) Fintech
20 137 (7.33%) Analytics
Programming Languages
1 747 (39.95%) Python
2 438 (23.42%) JavaScript
3 432 (23.10%) SQL
4 320 (17.11%) TypeScript
5 265 (14.17%) C#
6 178 (9.52%) C++
7 142 (7.59%) Go
8 114 (6.10%) Kotlin
9 103 (5.51%) C
10 77 (4.12%) Scala
11 74 (3.96%) Shell Script
12 69 (3.69%) PL/SQL
13 64 (3.42%) PHP
14 41 (2.19%) Groovy
15 39 (2.09%) Bash
16 38 (2.03%) PowerShell
17 28 (1.50%) Rust
18 27 (1.44%) Perl
19 26 (1.39%) Ruby
20 22 (1.18%) R
Qualifications
1 318 (17.01%) Degree
2 234 (12.51%) Security Cleared
3 167 (8.93%) Computer Science Degree
4 143 (7.65%) SC Cleared
5 77 (4.12%) AWS Certification
6 71 (3.80%) DV Cleared
7 68 (3.64%) Master's Degree
8 44 (2.35%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 43 (2.30%) Azure Certification
10 30 (1.60%) PhD
11 28 (1.50%) BPSS Clearance
12 27 (1.44%) ISTQB
13 21 (1.12%) TOGAF Certification
14 19 (1.02%) Microsoft Certification
15 18 (0.96%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
16 11 (0.59%) AWS Certified Developer
17 8 (0.43%) HND
18 7 (0.37%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
19 5 (0.27%) ISEB
20 4 (0.21%) OSCP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 107 (5.72%) QA
2 50 (2.67%) Accessibility
3 28 (1.50%) GDPR
4 21 (1.12%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 14 (0.75%) ISO 9001
6 13 (0.70%) Data Quality
7 12 (0.64%) NIST
8 9 (0.48%) PCI DSS
9 7 (0.37%) HIPAA
9 7 (0.37%) SLA
9 7 (0.37%) WCAG
10 6 (0.32%) Actionable Recommendations
10 6 (0.32%) NCSC
11 4 (0.21%) Cyber Essentials
11 4 (0.21%) EU AI Act
11 4 (0.21%) SEPA
11 4 (0.21%) SOC 2
12 2 (0.11%) ITGC
12 2 (0.11%) MISRA
12 2 (0.11%) PSD2
System Software
1 308 (16.47%) Docker
2 42 (2.25%) Active Directory
3 19 (1.02%) Virtual Machines
4 14 (0.75%) HDFS
4 14 (0.75%) Virtual Servers
5 6 (0.32%) VMware Infrastructure
6 4 (0.21%) DFS Replication
7 3 (0.16%) KVM
7 3 (0.16%) vSphere
8 2 (0.11%) Apache Flume
8 2 (0.11%) Firmware
8 2 (0.11%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.11%) Virtual Desktop
8 2 (0.11%) VMware ESXi
9 1 (0.053%) Squid
Systems Management
1 439 (23.48%) Kubernetes
2 174 (9.30%) Terraform
3 83 (4.44%) Grafana
4 54 (2.89%) Ansible
5 40 (2.14%) Prometheus
6 39 (2.09%) Kibana
6 39 (2.09%) Single Sign-On
7 20 (1.07%) Argo
8 12 (0.64%) Progress Chef
9 7 (0.37%) Control-M
9 7 (0.37%) HP Fortify
9 7 (0.37%) Microsoft Intune
10 6 (0.32%) Docker Swarm
11 5 (0.27%) logstash
11 5 (0.27%) Nagios
11 5 (0.27%) Puppet
12 4 (0.21%) Nessus
12 4 (0.21%) Nmap
13 3 (0.16%) Rancher
14 2 (0.11%) Kustomize
Vendors
1 164 (8.77%) Oracle
2 109 (5.83%) Microsoft
3 83 (4.44%) Google
4 47 (2.51%) Splunk
5 35 (1.87%) Dynatrace
5 35 (1.87%) Guidewire
6 32 (1.71%) Databricks
7 28 (1.50%) Atlassian
8 26 (1.39%) MuleSoft
9 23 (1.23%) IBM
10 22 (1.18%) SAP
11 21 (1.12%) ServiceNow
12 19 (1.02%) Informatica
12 19 (1.02%) Red Hat
13 18 (0.96%) Okta
14 16 (0.86%) Talend
15 14 (0.75%) Dell
16 11 (0.59%) Adobe
16 11 (0.59%) Salesforce
17 10 (0.53%) Siemens