Java Job Trends

Java
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring Java skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 1 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
1 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 68 33 22
Rank change year-on-year -35 -11 -6
Permanent jobs citing Java 1,866 3,532 4,250
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 3.45% 5.45% 8.38%
As % of the Programming Languages category 16.18% 16.66% 20.47%
Number of salaries quoted 1,182 2,149 3,332
10th Percentile £41,250 £41,250 £45,000
25th Percentile £57,500 £53,750 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £77,500 £80,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.13% +6.67% +3.45%
75th Percentile £108,438 £110,000 £96,250
90th Percentile £135,000 £140,000 £125,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £60,000 £61,500
% change year-on-year +8.33% -2.44% +2.50%

All Programming Languages
UK

Java falls under the Programming Languages category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 11,532 21,200 20,761
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 21.30% 32.69% 40.93%
Number of salaries quoted 8,359 12,708 17,139
10th Percentile £32,500 £37,500 £39,788
25th Percentile £45,000 £47,500 £48,140
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.85% - -
75th Percentile £82,500 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £107,500 £108,750 £105,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £55,000

Java
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing Java relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

Java job vacancy trend in the UK

Java
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java

Java
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Java over the 6 months to 1 December 2025.

Salary histogram for Java in the UK

Java
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Java within the UK over the 6 months to 1 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -35 1,618 £77,500 -3.13% 627
London -11 930 £102,500 +2.50% 231
UK excluding London -45 852 £65,000 +8.33% 545
Work from Home -24 661 £75,000 -11.76% 495
North of England -2 260 £65,000 +8.33% 118
South East -87 165 £62,500 -2.34% 200
Scotland -5 163 £77,500 +29.17% 27
North West -13 120 £67,500 +12.50% 70
Yorkshire +28 119 £67,500 +22.73% 32
South West -44 112 £65,000 +1.96% 102
Midlands +20 107 £60,000 +50.00% 49
West Midlands +28 81 £62,500 +17.72% 31
East of England -81 35 £31,500 -53.33% 44
East Midlands +6 26 £57,500 +64.29% 16
North East -9 23 £55,000 -6.75% 16
Wales -17 19 £80,000 +33.33% 9
Northern Ireland -21 4 £95,000 +72.73% 14

Java
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 89 (4.77%) Apache
2 84 (4.50%) Apache Airflow
3 64 (3.43%) Apache Spark
4 36 (1.93%) Confluence
5 16 (0.86%) Oracle SOA Suite
6 15 (0.80%) JBoss
7 10 (0.54%) WebSphere
8 9 (0.48%) Camunda
9 8 (0.43%) OpenStack
10 7 (0.38%) IIS
10 7 (0.38%) nginx
11 6 (0.32%) Anypoint
11 6 (0.32%) Mule
12 5 (0.27%) BizTalk Server
12 5 (0.27%) Oracle Workflow
12 5 (0.27%) SharePoint
13 4 (0.21%) Appian
14 3 (0.16%) Luigi
14 3 (0.16%) Microsoft Exchange
14 3 (0.16%) Tomcat
Applications
1 7 (0.38%) Microsoft PowerPoint
1 7 (0.38%) MS Visio
2 5 (0.27%) Chatbot
2 5 (0.27%) Microsoft Excel
2 5 (0.27%) Microsoft Office
3 3 (0.16%) Simulink
4 1 (0.054%) Trello
4 1 (0.054%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 31 (1.66%) Oracle ERP
2 12 (0.64%) Dynamics NAV
3 8 (0.43%) SAP S/4HANA
4 7 (0.38%) Fidessa
5 5 (0.27%) Maximo
5 5 (0.27%) Shopify
6 4 (0.21%) Payment Gateway
7 3 (0.16%) Adaptiv
8 2 (0.11%) Oracle Applications
9 1 (0.054%) Bloomberg AIM
9 1 (0.054%) Loan IQ
9 1 (0.054%) Summit
9 1 (0.054%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 883 (47.32%) AWS
2 401 (21.49%) Azure
3 224 (12.00%) GCP
4 148 (7.93%) Serverless
5 131 (7.02%) GitHub
6 102 (5.47%) SaaS
7 101 (5.41%) Amazon EKS
8 87 (4.66%) AWS Lambda
9 80 (4.29%) Amazon S3
10 76 (4.07%) Amazon ECS
10 76 (4.07%) dbt
11 71 (3.80%) Amazon EC2
12 67 (3.59%) Snowflake
13 49 (2.63%) Azure DevOps
13 49 (2.63%) OpenShift
14 46 (2.47%) Amazon CloudWatch
15 38 (2.04%) GitHub Actions
16 33 (1.77%) Datadog
17 31 (1.66%) OCI
18 29 (1.55%) AWS CloudFormation
Communications & Networking
1 37 (1.98%) TCP/IP
2 29 (1.55%) HTTP
3 22 (1.18%) Firewall
4 20 (1.07%) SSH
5 19 (1.02%) DNS
6 14 (0.75%) FTP
6 14 (0.75%) SMTP
7 12 (0.64%) AMQP
8 10 (0.54%) Internet
8 10 (0.54%) Multicast
8 10 (0.54%) VPN
9 7 (0.38%) SAN
9 7 (0.38%) VLAN
10 5 (0.27%) Bluetooth
11 4 (0.21%) Broadband
11 4 (0.21%) DHCP
11 4 (0.21%) Kerberos
11 4 (0.21%) LAN
11 4 (0.21%) WAN
11 4 (0.21%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 161 (8.63%) PostgreSQL
2 147 (7.88%) Relational Database
3 115 (6.16%) NoSQL
4 114 (6.11%) SQL Server
5 95 (5.09%) MongoDB
6 81 (4.34%) MySQL
7 78 (4.18%) Data Lake
8 66 (3.54%) Amazon Athena
9 61 (3.27%) Apache Iceberg
10 57 (3.05%) Apache Arrow
10 57 (3.05%) Big Data
10 57 (3.05%) Dremio
11 56 (3.00%) Apache Ignite
12 54 (2.89%) Data Warehouse
13 53 (2.84%) Amazon RDS
14 49 (2.63%) RDBMS
15 46 (2.47%) Hadoop
16 41 (2.20%) DynamoDB
17 31 (1.66%) Elasticsearch
18 30 (1.61%) BigQuery
Development Applications
1 221 (11.84%) Jenkins
2 166 (8.90%) Git
3 107 (5.73%) JIRA
4 105 (5.63%) Selenium
5 83 (4.45%) JUnit
6 81 (4.34%) GitLab
7 62 (3.32%) Cucumber
8 49 (2.63%) Cypress.io
9 45 (2.41%) JMeter
9 45 (2.41%) Maven
10 40 (2.14%) Postman
11 35 (1.88%) TeamCity
11 35 (1.88%) WebDriver
12 34 (1.82%) Mockito
13 33 (1.77%) Oracle Forms
14 32 (1.71%) Bitbucket
15 26 (1.39%) SoapUI
16 24 (1.29%) SonarQube
17 20 (1.07%) Sonatype Nexus
18 18 (0.96%) Team Foundation Server
General
1 744 (39.87%) Finance
2 491 (26.31%) Social Skills
3 343 (18.38%) Banking
4 257 (13.77%) Law
5 223 (11.95%) Inclusion and Diversity
6 167 (8.95%) Front Office
7 163 (8.74%) Analytical Skills
8 139 (7.45%) Investment Banking
9 110 (5.89%) Public Sector
10 100 (5.36%) Financial Institution
11 89 (4.77%) Marketing
12 52 (2.79%) Retail
13 43 (2.30%) Games
14 39 (2.09%) Back Office
15 33 (1.77%) Legal
16 23 (1.23%) Manufacturing
17 21 (1.13%) Aerospace
18 20 (1.07%) Influencing Skills
19 19 (1.02%) Presentation Skills
20 18 (0.96%) Documentation Skills
Job Titles
1 623 (33.39%) Developer
2 537 (28.78%) Software Engineer
3 437 (23.42%) Senior
4 306 (16.40%) Java Engineer
5 302 (16.18%) Java Developer
6 268 (14.36%) Lead
7 228 (12.22%) Java Software Engineer
8 164 (8.79%) Senior Software Engineer
9 116 (6.22%) Senior Java Engineer
10 115 (6.16%) Full-Stack Developer
11 114 (6.11%) AWS Engineer
12 113 (6.06%) Lead Software Engineer
13 106 (5.68%) Senior Developer
14 100 (5.36%) Architect
15 87 (4.66%) Full-Stack Engineer
16 86 (4.61%) Senior Java Software Engineer
17 85 (4.56%) Python Engineer
18 77 (4.13%) Python Software Engineer
19 76 (4.07%) AWS Software Engineer
20 74 (3.97%) Full-Stack Java Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 420 (22.51%) Spring
2 366 (19.61%) React
3 320 (17.15%) Spring Boot
4 278 (14.90%) Kafka
5 203 (10.88%) RESTful
6 187 (10.02%) REST
7 174 (9.32%) .NET
8 158 (8.47%) Node.js
9 142 (7.61%) AngularJS
10 134 (7.18%) HTML
11 122 (6.54%) CSS
12 87 (4.66%) Hibernate
13 86 (4.61%) SOAP
14 71 (3.80%) Pandas
15 67 (3.59%) jQuery
15 67 (3.59%) JSON
16 66 (3.54%) gRPC
16 66 (3.54%) Web Services
17 62 (3.32%) GraphQL
18 60 (3.22%) XML
Miscellaneous
1 341 (18.27%) Cloud Native
2 189 (10.13%) Distributed Systems
3 117 (6.27%) Equities
4 110 (5.89%) Fixed Income
5 104 (5.57%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
6 102 (5.47%) Algorithms
7 91 (4.88%) Derivative
8 69 (3.70%) Enterprise Software
8 69 (3.70%) Hedge funds
9 65 (3.48%) Self-Motivation
10 59 (3.16%) Product Ownership
11 58 (3.11%) Public Cloud
12 56 (3.00%) Onboarding
13 55 (2.95%) Pricing Data
14 47 (2.52%) Greenfield Project
15 38 (2.04%) Legacy Systems
15 38 (2.04%) Management Information System
16 30 (1.61%) Data Structures
17 26 (1.39%) Virtual Team
18 25 (1.34%) Mobile App
Operating Systems
1 213 (11.41%) Linux
2 50 (2.68%) Windows
3 29 (1.55%) Unix
4 25 (1.34%) Android
5 14 (0.75%) VMS
6 12 (0.64%) Amazon Linux
6 12 (0.64%) Apple iOS
7 9 (0.48%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 9 (0.48%) Ubuntu
8 7 (0.38%) Mac OS
9 4 (0.21%) CentOS
9 4 (0.21%) Kali Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Debian
10 2 (0.11%) Embedded Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Oracle Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Windows Server 2019
11 1 (0.054%) AIX
11 1 (0.054%) FreeRTOS
11 1 (0.054%) SUSE
11 1 (0.054%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 896 (48.02%) Agile
2 720 (38.59%) Software Engineering
3 647 (34.67%) CI/CD
4 420 (22.51%) Microservices
5 409 (21.92%) DevOps
6 385 (20.63%) Problem-Solving
7 305 (16.35%) Test Automation
8 298 (15.97%) Full-Stack Development
9 290 (15.54%) Mentoring
10 281 (15.06%) Continuous Improvement
11 277 (14.84%) Computer Science
12 276 (14.79%) SDLC
13 230 (12.33%) AI
14 180 (9.65%) TDD
15 177 (9.49%) Containerisation
16 175 (9.38%) Scrum
17 165 (8.84%) Machine Learning
18 156 (8.36%) Clean Code
19 145 (7.77%) Fintech
20 134 (7.18%) Analytics
Programming Languages
1 744 (39.87%) Python
2 439 (23.53%) JavaScript
3 431 (23.10%) SQL
4 319 (17.10%) TypeScript
5 265 (14.20%) C#
6 178 (9.54%) C++
7 143 (7.66%) Go
8 114 (6.11%) Kotlin
9 101 (5.41%) C
10 76 (4.07%) Scala
11 74 (3.97%) Shell Script
12 69 (3.70%) PL/SQL
13 64 (3.43%) PHP
14 41 (2.20%) Groovy
15 39 (2.09%) Bash
16 38 (2.04%) PowerShell
17 29 (1.55%) Rust
18 26 (1.39%) Perl
18 26 (1.39%) Ruby
19 22 (1.18%) R
Qualifications
1 318 (17.04%) Degree
2 234 (12.54%) Security Cleared
3 167 (8.95%) Computer Science Degree
4 143 (7.66%) SC Cleared
5 78 (4.18%) AWS Certification
6 71 (3.80%) DV Cleared
7 68 (3.64%) Master's Degree
8 44 (2.36%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 42 (2.25%) Azure Certification
10 30 (1.61%) PhD
11 28 (1.50%) BPSS Clearance
12 27 (1.45%) ISTQB
13 21 (1.13%) TOGAF Certification
14 19 (1.02%) Microsoft Certification
15 18 (0.96%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
16 11 (0.59%) AWS Certified Developer
17 8 (0.43%) HND
18 7 (0.38%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
19 5 (0.27%) ISEB
20 4 (0.21%) ITIL Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 107 (5.73%) QA
2 50 (2.68%) Accessibility
3 28 (1.50%) GDPR
4 21 (1.13%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 14 (0.75%) ISO 9001
6 12 (0.64%) Data Quality
6 12 (0.64%) NIST
7 11 (0.59%) PCI DSS
8 7 (0.38%) HIPAA
8 7 (0.38%) SLA
8 7 (0.38%) WCAG
9 6 (0.32%) Actionable Recommendations
9 6 (0.32%) NCSC
10 4 (0.21%) Cyber Essentials
10 4 (0.21%) EU AI Act
10 4 (0.21%) Sarbanes-Oxley
10 4 (0.21%) SEPA
10 4 (0.21%) SOC 2
11 2 (0.11%) GRC
11 2 (0.11%) ITGC
System Software
1 304 (16.29%) Docker
2 42 (2.25%) Active Directory
3 19 (1.02%) Virtual Machines
4 14 (0.75%) HDFS
4 14 (0.75%) Virtual Servers
5 6 (0.32%) VMware Infrastructure
6 4 (0.21%) DFS Replication
7 3 (0.16%) KVM
7 3 (0.16%) vSphere
8 2 (0.11%) Apache Flume
8 2 (0.11%) Firmware
8 2 (0.11%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.11%) Virtual Desktop
8 2 (0.11%) VMware ESXi
9 1 (0.054%) Squid
Systems Management
1 438 (23.47%) Kubernetes
2 174 (9.32%) Terraform
3 83 (4.45%) Grafana
4 54 (2.89%) Ansible
5 39 (2.09%) Kibana
5 39 (2.09%) Prometheus
5 39 (2.09%) Single Sign-On
6 21 (1.13%) Argo
7 12 (0.64%) Progress Chef
8 7 (0.38%) Control-M
8 7 (0.38%) HP Fortify
8 7 (0.38%) Microsoft Intune
9 6 (0.32%) Docker Swarm
10 5 (0.27%) logstash
10 5 (0.27%) Puppet
11 4 (0.21%) Nagios
11 4 (0.21%) Nessus
11 4 (0.21%) Nmap
12 3 (0.16%) Rancher
13 2 (0.11%) Kustomize
Vendors
1 163 (8.74%) Oracle
2 111 (5.95%) Microsoft
3 84 (4.50%) Google
4 47 (2.52%) Splunk
5 35 (1.88%) Dynatrace
5 35 (1.88%) Guidewire
6 31 (1.66%) Databricks
7 28 (1.50%) Atlassian
8 26 (1.39%) MuleSoft
9 22 (1.18%) IBM
9 22 (1.18%) SAP
10 21 (1.13%) ServiceNow
11 19 (1.02%) Red Hat
12 18 (0.96%) Informatica
12 18 (0.96%) Okta
13 15 (0.80%) Talend
14 14 (0.75%) Dell
15 11 (0.59%) Adobe
15 11 (0.59%) Salesforce
16 10 (0.54%) Siemens