Java Job Trends

Java
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring Java skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 28 November 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
28 Nov 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 63 33 22
Rank change year-on-year -30 -11 -6
Permanent jobs citing Java 1,978 3,630 4,248
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 3.66% 5.43% 8.34%
As % of the Programming Languages category 16.60% 16.68% 20.39%
Number of salaries quoted 1,214 2,196 3,358
10th Percentile £41,250 £41,250 £45,000
25th Percentile £57,500 £53,938 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £77,500 £80,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.13% +6.67% +3.45%
75th Percentile £110,000 £110,000 £96,250
90th Percentile £135,000 £140,000 £125,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £60,000 £61,500
% change year-on-year +8.33% -2.44% +2.50%

All Programming Languages
UK

Java falls under the Programming Languages category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 11,914 21,764 20,832
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 22.07% 32.57% 40.89%
Number of salaries quoted 8,634 13,009 17,212
10th Percentile £32,500 £37,500 £39,750
25th Percentile £45,000 £47,500 £48,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.85% - -
75th Percentile £82,500 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £107,500 £108,418 £105,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £55,000

Java
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing Java relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

Java job vacancy trend in the UK

Java
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java

Java
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Java over the 6 months to 28 November 2025.

Salary histogram for Java in the UK

Java
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Java within the UK over the 6 months to 28 November 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -34 1,699 £77,500 -3.13% 694
London -8 985 £105,000 +5.00% 306
UK excluding London -45 910 £65,000 +8.33% 608
Work from Home -25 679 £75,000 -11.76% 358
North of England -10 268 £65,000 +8.33% 97
Scotland -4 192 £77,500 +29.17% 38
South East -79 169 £62,500 -2.34% 264
North West -16 129 £67,500 +10.20% 66
Yorkshire +38 117 £67,500 +22.73% 22
South West -50 117 £65,000 +4.00% 105
Midlands +25 112 £60,000 +50.00% 52
West Midlands +30 84 £62,500 +17.72% 35
East of England -73 38 £42,500 -37.04% 45
East Midlands +6 28 £57,500 +64.29% 17
North East -8 24 £55,000 -5.11% 9
Wales -17 20 £75,000 +25.00% 10
Northern Ireland -18 5 £95,000 +72.73% 15

Java
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 93 (4.70%) Apache
2 88 (4.45%) Apache Airflow
3 69 (3.49%) Apache Spark
4 38 (1.92%) Confluence
5 17 (0.86%) JBoss
6 14 (0.71%) Oracle SOA Suite
7 11 (0.56%) Camunda
8 10 (0.51%) WebSphere
9 8 (0.40%) nginx
10 7 (0.35%) IIS
10 7 (0.35%) Oracle Workflow
11 6 (0.30%) Anypoint
11 6 (0.30%) Mule
11 6 (0.30%) OpenStack
12 5 (0.25%) BizTalk Server
12 5 (0.25%) SharePoint
13 4 (0.20%) Appian
14 3 (0.15%) Adobe Experience Manager
14 3 (0.15%) Luigi
14 3 (0.15%) Traefik
Applications
1 7 (0.35%) Microsoft PowerPoint
1 7 (0.35%) MS Visio
2 5 (0.25%) Chatbot
2 5 (0.25%) Microsoft Excel
2 5 (0.25%) Microsoft Office
3 3 (0.15%) Simulink
4 1 (0.051%) Trello
4 1 (0.051%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 27 (1.37%) Oracle ERP
2 12 (0.61%) Dynamics NAV
3 8 (0.40%) SAP S/4HANA
4 7 (0.35%) Fidessa
5 6 (0.30%) Shopify
6 5 (0.25%) Maximo
7 4 (0.20%) Adaptiv
7 4 (0.20%) Payment Gateway
8 2 (0.10%) Oracle Applications
9 1 (0.051%) Bloomberg AIM
9 1 (0.051%) Loan IQ
9 1 (0.051%) Summit
9 1 (0.051%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 933 (47.17%) AWS
2 416 (21.03%) Azure
3 241 (12.18%) GCP
4 153 (7.74%) Serverless
5 132 (6.67%) GitHub
6 104 (5.26%) SaaS
7 101 (5.11%) Amazon EKS
8 90 (4.55%) AWS Lambda
9 78 (3.94%) Amazon ECS
9 78 (3.94%) Amazon S3
9 78 (3.94%) dbt
10 73 (3.69%) Amazon EC2
11 69 (3.49%) Snowflake
12 49 (2.48%) OpenShift
13 46 (2.33%) Amazon CloudWatch
13 46 (2.33%) Azure DevOps
14 39 (1.97%) GitHub Actions
15 34 (1.72%) Datadog
16 29 (1.47%) AWS CloudFormation
17 28 (1.42%) OCI
Communications & Networking
1 39 (1.97%) TCP/IP
2 28 (1.42%) HTTP
3 22 (1.11%) Firewall
4 21 (1.06%) SSH
5 20 (1.01%) DNS
6 14 (0.71%) FTP
6 14 (0.71%) SMTP
7 12 (0.61%) AMQP
8 11 (0.56%) Internet
8 11 (0.56%) VPN
9 10 (0.51%) Multicast
10 8 (0.40%) SAN
11 7 (0.35%) VLAN
12 5 (0.25%) Bluetooth
12 5 (0.25%) DHCP
13 4 (0.20%) Broadband
13 4 (0.20%) Kerberos
13 4 (0.20%) LAN
13 4 (0.20%) WAN
13 4 (0.20%) Wireshark
Database & Business Intelligence
1 171 (8.65%) PostgreSQL
2 161 (8.14%) Relational Database
3 126 (6.37%) NoSQL
4 120 (6.07%) SQL Server
5 100 (5.06%) MongoDB
6 92 (4.65%) MySQL
7 80 (4.04%) Data Lake
8 71 (3.59%) Amazon Athena
9 65 (3.29%) Apache Iceberg
9 65 (3.29%) Big Data
10 59 (2.98%) Apache Arrow
10 59 (2.98%) Dremio
11 56 (2.83%) Apache Ignite
11 56 (2.83%) Data Warehouse
12 53 (2.68%) Amazon RDS
13 50 (2.53%) RDBMS
14 46 (2.33%) Hadoop
15 44 (2.22%) DynamoDB
16 35 (1.77%) Elasticsearch
17 31 (1.57%) BigQuery
Development Applications
1 225 (11.38%) Jenkins
2 174 (8.80%) Git
3 108 (5.46%) JIRA
4 103 (5.21%) Selenium
5 88 (4.45%) JUnit
6 82 (4.15%) GitLab
7 61 (3.08%) Cucumber
8 52 (2.63%) Cypress.io
9 51 (2.58%) Maven
10 44 (2.22%) JMeter
11 39 (1.97%) Postman
12 37 (1.87%) TeamCity
13 36 (1.82%) Mockito
14 33 (1.67%) WebDriver
15 32 (1.62%) Bitbucket
16 29 (1.47%) Oracle Forms
17 26 (1.31%) SonarQube
18 25 (1.26%) SoapUI
19 20 (1.01%) Sonatype Nexus
20 17 (0.86%) Vite
General
1 832 (42.06%) Finance
2 526 (26.59%) Social Skills
3 406 (20.53%) Banking
4 340 (17.19%) Law
5 308 (15.57%) Inclusion and Diversity
6 175 (8.85%) Analytical Skills
6 175 (8.85%) Front Office
7 150 (7.58%) Investment Banking
8 112 (5.66%) Marketing
9 109 (5.51%) Public Sector
10 105 (5.31%) Financial Institution
11 53 (2.68%) Retail
12 44 (2.22%) Legal
13 43 (2.17%) Games
14 39 (1.97%) Back Office
15 24 (1.21%) Manufacturing
16 21 (1.06%) Aerospace
17 20 (1.01%) Influencing Skills
17 20 (1.01%) Presentation Skills
18 19 (0.96%) Documentation Skills
Job Titles
1 651 (32.91%) Developer
2 610 (30.84%) Software Engineer
3 452 (22.85%) Senior
4 351 (17.75%) Java Engineer
5 305 (15.42%) Java Developer
6 304 (15.37%) Lead
7 271 (13.70%) Java Software Engineer
8 171 (8.65%) Senior Software Engineer
9 145 (7.33%) Lead Software Engineer
10 123 (6.22%) AWS Engineer
11 121 (6.12%) Senior Java Engineer
12 119 (6.02%) Full-Stack Developer
13 109 (5.51%) Senior Developer
14 102 (5.16%) Architect
15 97 (4.90%) Python Engineer
16 94 (4.75%) Full-Stack Engineer
17 90 (4.55%) Python Software Engineer
17 90 (4.55%) Senior Java Software Engineer
18 86 (4.35%) AWS Software Engineer
19 73 (3.69%) Full-Stack Java Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 458 (23.15%) Spring
2 393 (19.87%) React
3 343 (17.34%) Spring Boot
4 313 (15.82%) Kafka
5 221 (11.17%) RESTful
6 197 (9.96%) REST
7 180 (9.10%) .NET
8 161 (8.14%) Node.js
9 153 (7.74%) AngularJS
10 139 (7.03%) HTML
11 132 (6.67%) CSS
12 94 (4.75%) Hibernate
13 86 (4.35%) SOAP
14 78 (3.94%) Pandas
15 75 (3.79%) Web Services
16 72 (3.64%) jQuery
17 67 (3.39%) JSON
18 66 (3.34%) gRPC
19 63 (3.19%) GraphQL
20 60 (3.03%) NumPy
Miscellaneous
1 372 (18.81%) Cloud Native
2 201 (10.16%) Distributed Systems
3 124 (6.27%) Algorithms
4 122 (6.17%) Equities
5 113 (5.71%) Fixed Income
6 111 (5.61%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
7 100 (5.06%) Derivative
8 70 (3.54%) Public Cloud
9 69 (3.49%) Hedge funds
10 68 (3.44%) Self-Motivation
11 67 (3.39%) Enterprise Software
12 64 (3.24%) Product Ownership
13 61 (3.08%) Onboarding
14 55 (2.78%) Pricing Data
15 52 (2.63%) Greenfield Project
16 42 (2.12%) Management Information System
17 41 (2.07%) Legacy Systems
18 33 (1.67%) Data Structures
18 33 (1.67%) Mobile App
18 33 (1.67%) Virtual Team
Operating Systems
1 217 (10.97%) Linux
2 52 (2.63%) Windows
3 31 (1.57%) Unix
4 30 (1.52%) Android
5 14 (0.71%) VMS
6 13 (0.66%) Apple iOS
7 12 (0.61%) Amazon Linux
8 10 (0.51%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
8 10 (0.51%) Ubuntu
9 7 (0.35%) Mac OS
10 4 (0.20%) CentOS
10 4 (0.20%) Kali Linux
11 3 (0.15%) Embedded Linux
12 2 (0.10%) Debian
12 2 (0.10%) Oracle Linux
12 2 (0.10%) Windows Server 2019
13 1 (0.051%) AIX
13 1 (0.051%) FreeRTOS
13 1 (0.051%) SUSE
13 1 (0.051%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 978 (49.44%) Agile
2 803 (40.60%) Software Engineering
3 705 (35.64%) CI/CD
4 442 (22.35%) Microservices
5 422 (21.33%) Problem-Solving
6 415 (20.98%) DevOps
7 343 (17.34%) SDLC
8 315 (15.93%) Full-Stack Development
9 308 (15.57%) Test Automation
10 303 (15.32%) Continuous Improvement
11 302 (15.27%) Computer Science
12 294 (14.86%) Mentoring
13 267 (13.50%) AI
14 206 (10.41%) Machine Learning
15 189 (9.56%) TDD
16 179 (9.05%) Containerisation
16 179 (9.05%) Scrum
17 168 (8.49%) Fintech
18 164 (8.29%) Operational Stability
19 161 (8.14%) Clean Code
Programming Languages
1 784 (39.64%) Python
2 468 (23.66%) SQL
3 452 (22.85%) JavaScript
4 330 (16.68%) TypeScript
5 287 (14.51%) C#
6 196 (9.91%) C++
7 151 (7.63%) Go
8 128 (6.47%) Kotlin
9 106 (5.36%) C
10 82 (4.15%) Scala
11 72 (3.64%) Shell Script
12 68 (3.44%) PHP
13 67 (3.39%) PL/SQL
14 44 (2.22%) Groovy
15 41 (2.07%) PowerShell
16 38 (1.92%) Bash
17 30 (1.52%) Rust
18 28 (1.42%) Ruby
19 26 (1.31%) Perl
20 23 (1.16%) R
Qualifications
1 338 (17.09%) Degree
2 232 (11.73%) Security Cleared
3 179 (9.05%) Computer Science Degree
4 142 (7.18%) SC Cleared
5 85 (4.30%) AWS Certification
6 73 (3.69%) Master's Degree
7 71 (3.59%) DV Cleared
8 46 (2.33%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 44 (2.22%) Azure Certification
10 31 (1.57%) PhD
11 28 (1.42%) BPSS Clearance
12 25 (1.26%) ISTQB
13 21 (1.06%) TOGAF Certification
14 19 (0.96%) Microsoft Certification
15 16 (0.81%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
16 12 (0.61%) AWS Certified Developer
17 9 (0.46%) HND
18 7 (0.35%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
19 6 (0.30%) CFA
19 6 (0.30%) ITIL Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 106 (5.36%) QA
2 50 (2.53%) Accessibility
3 31 (1.57%) GDPR
4 21 (1.06%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 14 (0.71%) ISO 9001
6 13 (0.66%) NIST
7 12 (0.61%) Data Quality
8 11 (0.56%) PCI DSS
9 9 (0.46%) HIPAA
10 8 (0.40%) SLA
11 7 (0.35%) WCAG
12 6 (0.30%) Actionable Recommendations
12 6 (0.30%) NCSC
13 5 (0.25%) SOC 2
14 4 (0.20%) Cyber Essentials
14 4 (0.20%) EU AI Act
14 4 (0.20%) Sarbanes-Oxley
14 4 (0.20%) SEPA
15 2 (0.10%) ECSS
15 2 (0.10%) MISRA
System Software
1 320 (16.18%) Docker
2 40 (2.02%) Active Directory
3 20 (1.01%) Virtual Machines
4 14 (0.71%) HDFS
4 14 (0.71%) Virtual Servers
5 7 (0.35%) VMware Infrastructure
6 4 (0.20%) DFS Replication
6 4 (0.20%) vSphere
7 3 (0.15%) Firmware
7 3 (0.15%) KVM
8 2 (0.10%) Apache Flume
8 2 (0.10%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.10%) Virtual Desktop
8 2 (0.10%) VMware ESXi
9 1 (0.051%) Squid
Systems Management
1 472 (23.86%) Kubernetes
2 185 (9.35%) Terraform
3 88 (4.45%) Grafana
4 55 (2.78%) Ansible
5 41 (2.07%) Prometheus
6 40 (2.02%) Kibana
7 37 (1.87%) Single Sign-On
8 20 (1.01%) Argo
9 12 (0.61%) Progress Chef
10 8 (0.40%) Control-M
11 7 (0.35%) Docker Swarm
11 7 (0.35%) HP Fortify
11 7 (0.35%) Microsoft Intune
12 5 (0.25%) logstash
13 4 (0.20%) Nagios
13 4 (0.20%) Nessus
13 4 (0.20%) Nmap
13 4 (0.20%) Puppet
14 3 (0.15%) Netcool
14 3 (0.15%) Tivoli
Vendors
1 181 (9.15%) Oracle
2 114 (5.76%) Microsoft
3 92 (4.65%) Google
4 54 (2.73%) Splunk
5 39 (1.97%) Dynatrace
6 37 (1.87%) Guidewire
7 36 (1.82%) Databricks
8 30 (1.52%) Atlassian
9 26 (1.31%) MuleSoft
10 24 (1.21%) IBM
11 23 (1.16%) SAP
11 23 (1.16%) ServiceNow
12 20 (1.01%) Red Hat
13 18 (0.91%) Informatica
14 16 (0.81%) Okta
15 15 (0.76%) Talend
16 14 (0.71%) Dell
17 11 (0.56%) Adobe
17 11 (0.56%) Salesforce
17 11 (0.56%) Solace