Java Job Trends

Java
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring Java skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 8 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
8 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 74 33 22
Rank change year-on-year -41 -11 -6
Permanent jobs citing Java 1,787 3,431 4,275
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 3.17% 5.52% 8.47%
As % of the Programming Languages category 15.43% 16.54% 20.69%
Number of salaries quoted 1,173 2,091 3,302
10th Percentile £43,750 £41,250 £45,000
25th Percentile £57,500 £53,875 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £77,500 £80,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.13% +6.67% +3.45%
75th Percentile £107,500 £110,000 £96,250
90th Percentile £135,000 £138,750 £125,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £60,000 £61,500
% change year-on-year +8.33% -2.44% +2.50%

All Programming Languages
UK

Java falls under the Programming Languages category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 11,579 20,744 20,666
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 20.53% 33.39% 40.95%
Number of salaries quoted 8,450 12,486 17,013
10th Percentile £32,500 £37,500 £39,750
25th Percentile £45,000 £47,500 £48,103
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.85% - -
75th Percentile £82,500 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £107,500 £108,750 £106,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £55,000

Java
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing Java relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

Java job vacancy trend in the UK

Java
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java

Java
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Java over the 6 months to 8 December 2025.

Salary histogram for Java in the UK

Java
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Java within the UK over the 6 months to 8 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -40 1,572 £78,000 -2.50% 1,866
London -12 896 £102,500 +2.50% 327
UK excluding London -54 804 £65,000 +8.33% 1,784
Work from Home -24 666 £75,000 -10.71% 1,040
North of England -16 249 £67,500 +12.50% 399
South East -80 169 £61,250 -5.77% 494
Scotland -15 129 £76,250 +27.08% 90
Yorkshire +17 120 £67,500 +22.73% 176
North West -20 113 £67,500 +12.50% 197
South West -44 110 £65,000 +4.00% 233
Midlands +1 106 £60,000 +50.00% 276
West Midlands +13 80 £60,000 +13.01% 139
East of England -83 31 £31,500 -53.33% 246
East Midlands -2 26 £57,500 +64.29% 113
Wales -25 19 £80,000 +33.33% 51
North East -20 18 £55,200 -6.41% 27
Northern Ireland -19 5 £95,000 +72.73% 30

Java
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 85 (4.76%) Apache
2 82 (4.59%) Apache Airflow
3 64 (3.58%) Apache Spark
4 35 (1.96%) Confluence
5 17 (0.95%) Oracle SOA Suite
6 14 (0.78%) JBoss
7 10 (0.56%) WebSphere
8 9 (0.50%) OpenStack
9 8 (0.45%) Camunda
10 7 (0.39%) Anypoint
10 7 (0.39%) IIS
11 6 (0.34%) Mule
11 6 (0.34%) nginx
12 5 (0.28%) Appian
12 5 (0.28%) SharePoint
13 4 (0.22%) BizTalk Server
14 3 (0.17%) Adobe Experience Manager
14 3 (0.17%) Luigi
14 3 (0.17%) Microsoft Exchange
14 3 (0.17%) Tomcat
Applications
1 9 (0.50%) MS Visio
2 8 (0.45%) Microsoft PowerPoint
3 6 (0.34%) Microsoft Excel
3 6 (0.34%) Microsoft Office
4 5 (0.28%) Chatbot
5 3 (0.17%) Simulink
6 1 (0.056%) Trello
6 1 (0.056%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 33 (1.85%) Oracle ERP
2 12 (0.67%) Dynamics NAV
3 8 (0.45%) SAP S/4HANA
4 7 (0.39%) Fidessa
5 6 (0.34%) Maximo
6 5 (0.28%) Shopify
7 3 (0.17%) Adaptiv
7 3 (0.17%) Payment Gateway
8 2 (0.11%) Oracle Applications
9 1 (0.056%) Bloomberg AIM
9 1 (0.056%) Loan IQ
9 1 (0.056%) Summit
9 1 (0.056%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 843 (47.17%) AWS
2 390 (21.82%) Azure
3 221 (12.37%) GCP
4 145 (8.11%) Serverless
5 133 (7.44%) GitHub
6 102 (5.71%) Amazon EKS
6 102 (5.71%) SaaS
7 82 (4.59%) AWS Lambda
8 79 (4.42%) Amazon S3
9 72 (4.03%) dbt
10 70 (3.92%) Amazon ECS
11 66 (3.69%) Amazon EC2
12 65 (3.64%) Snowflake
13 52 (2.91%) Azure DevOps
14 50 (2.80%) OpenShift
15 43 (2.41%) Amazon CloudWatch
16 38 (2.13%) GitHub Actions
17 34 (1.90%) Datadog
18 33 (1.85%) OCI
19 32 (1.79%) AWS CloudFormation
Communications & Networking
1 36 (2.01%) TCP/IP
2 28 (1.57%) HTTP
3 21 (1.18%) Firewall
4 19 (1.06%) SSH
5 17 (0.95%) DNS
6 13 (0.73%) AMQP
6 13 (0.73%) FTP
6 13 (0.73%) SMTP
7 11 (0.62%) Internet
8 10 (0.56%) Multicast
9 9 (0.50%) VPN
10 7 (0.39%) SAN
10 7 (0.39%) VLAN
11 5 (0.28%) Bluetooth
12 4 (0.22%) Broadband
12 4 (0.22%) Kerberos
12 4 (0.22%) LAN
12 4 (0.22%) WAN
12 4 (0.22%) Wireshark
12 4 (0.22%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 161 (9.01%) PostgreSQL
2 139 (7.78%) Relational Database
3 110 (6.16%) SQL Server
4 108 (6.04%) NoSQL
5 87 (4.87%) MongoDB
6 73 (4.09%) Data Lake
6 73 (4.09%) MySQL
7 60 (3.36%) Data Warehouse
8 59 (3.30%) Amazon Athena
9 56 (3.13%) Big Data
10 55 (3.08%) Apache Iceberg
11 53 (2.97%) Apache Arrow
11 53 (2.97%) Dremio
12 52 (2.91%) Apache Ignite
13 50 (2.80%) Amazon RDS
13 50 (2.80%) RDBMS
14 49 (2.74%) Hadoop
15 41 (2.29%) DynamoDB
16 29 (1.62%) BigQuery
17 27 (1.51%) Elasticsearch
Development Applications
1 219 (12.26%) Jenkins
2 158 (8.84%) Git
3 111 (6.21%) JIRA
4 109 (6.10%) Selenium
5 84 (4.70%) GitLab
6 78 (4.36%) JUnit
7 64 (3.58%) Cucumber
8 49 (2.74%) Cypress.io
9 45 (2.52%) JMeter
9 45 (2.52%) Postman
10 40 (2.24%) Maven
11 38 (2.13%) WebDriver
12 36 (2.01%) TeamCity
13 35 (1.96%) Oracle Forms
14 33 (1.85%) Bitbucket
15 32 (1.79%) Mockito
16 31 (1.73%) SoapUI
17 24 (1.34%) SonarQube
18 22 (1.23%) Team Foundation Server
19 21 (1.18%) Sonatype Nexus
General
1 661 (36.99%) Finance
2 475 (26.58%) Social Skills
3 295 (16.51%) Banking
4 182 (10.18%) Law
5 161 (9.01%) Front Office
6 155 (8.67%) Analytical Skills
7 145 (8.11%) Inclusion and Diversity
8 127 (7.11%) Investment Banking
9 104 (5.82%) Public Sector
10 97 (5.43%) Financial Institution
11 63 (3.53%) Marketing
12 48 (2.69%) Retail
13 40 (2.24%) Back Office
13 40 (2.24%) Games
14 24 (1.34%) Legal
14 24 (1.34%) Manufacturing
15 22 (1.23%) Aerospace
16 20 (1.12%) Influencing Skills
17 19 (1.06%) Billing
17 19 (1.06%) Presentation Skills
Job Titles
1 626 (35.03%) Developer
2 452 (25.29%) Software Engineer
3 417 (23.34%) Senior
4 305 (17.07%) Java Developer
5 259 (14.49%) Java Engineer
6 237 (13.26%) Lead
7 184 (10.30%) Java Software Engineer
8 144 (8.06%) Senior Software Engineer
9 117 (6.55%) Full-Stack Developer
10 110 (6.16%) Senior Developer
11 106 (5.93%) Senior Java Engineer
12 102 (5.71%) Architect
12 102 (5.71%) AWS Engineer
13 81 (4.53%) Lead Software Engineer
14 79 (4.42%) Full-Stack Engineer
15 77 (4.31%) Senior Java Software Engineer
16 74 (4.14%) Full-Stack Java Developer
17 69 (3.86%) Python Engineer
18 65 (3.64%) AWS Software Engineer
19 63 (3.53%) Cloud Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 382 (21.38%) Spring
2 339 (18.97%) React
3 299 (16.73%) Spring Boot
4 247 (13.82%) Kafka
5 191 (10.69%) RESTful
6 185 (10.35%) REST
7 163 (9.12%) .NET
8 160 (8.95%) Node.js
9 135 (7.55%) AngularJS
10 134 (7.50%) HTML
11 112 (6.27%) CSS
12 91 (5.09%) SOAP
13 83 (4.64%) Hibernate
14 67 (3.75%) JSON
14 67 (3.75%) Pandas
15 64 (3.58%) GraphQL
16 63 (3.53%) Web Services
17 62 (3.47%) XML
18 61 (3.41%) gRPC
19 58 (3.25%) jQuery
Miscellaneous
1 312 (17.46%) Cloud Native
2 182 (10.18%) Distributed Systems
3 110 (6.16%) Equities
4 103 (5.76%) Fixed Income
5 97 (5.43%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
6 83 (4.64%) Algorithms
7 81 (4.53%) Derivative
8 69 (3.86%) Enterprise Software
9 65 (3.64%) Hedge funds
10 64 (3.58%) Self-Motivation
11 62 (3.47%) Product Ownership
12 53 (2.97%) Onboarding
13 51 (2.85%) Pricing Data
14 48 (2.69%) Public Cloud
15 45 (2.52%) Greenfield Project
16 38 (2.13%) Legacy Systems
16 38 (2.13%) Management Information System
17 28 (1.57%) Data Structures
18 26 (1.45%) Distributed Architecture
19 23 (1.29%) FPGA
Operating Systems
1 211 (11.81%) Linux
2 49 (2.74%) Windows
3 28 (1.57%) Unix
4 25 (1.40%) Android
5 13 (0.73%) VMS
6 11 (0.62%) Amazon Linux
6 11 (0.62%) Apple iOS
7 8 (0.45%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 8 (0.45%) Ubuntu
8 7 (0.39%) Mac OS
9 4 (0.22%) CentOS
9 4 (0.22%) Kali Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Debian
10 2 (0.11%) Embedded Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Oracle Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Windows Server 2019
11 1 (0.056%) AIX
11 1 (0.056%) FreeRTOS
11 1 (0.056%) SUSE
11 1 (0.056%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 809 (45.27%) Agile
2 640 (35.81%) Software Engineering
3 607 (33.97%) CI/CD
4 415 (23.22%) DevOps
5 410 (22.94%) Microservices
6 356 (19.92%) Problem-Solving
7 291 (16.28%) Mentoring
7 291 (16.28%) Test Automation
8 285 (15.95%) Full-Stack Development
9 262 (14.66%) Computer Science
10 248 (13.88%) Continuous Improvement
11 215 (12.03%) SDLC
12 197 (11.02%) AI
13 175 (9.79%) Scrum
14 174 (9.74%) Containerisation
15 169 (9.46%) TDD
16 152 (8.51%) Clean Code
17 135 (7.55%) Machine Learning
18 133 (7.44%) Fintech
19 130 (7.27%) Analytics
Programming Languages
1 724 (40.51%) Python
2 432 (24.17%) JavaScript
3 415 (23.22%) SQL
4 305 (17.07%) TypeScript
5 261 (14.61%) C#
6 163 (9.12%) C++
7 139 (7.78%) Go
8 102 (5.71%) Kotlin
9 101 (5.65%) C
10 74 (4.14%) Shell Script
11 72 (4.03%) Scala
12 67 (3.75%) PL/SQL
13 56 (3.13%) PHP
14 41 (2.29%) Groovy
15 40 (2.24%) Bash
16 35 (1.96%) PowerShell
17 27 (1.51%) Rust
18 26 (1.45%) Perl
19 25 (1.40%) Ruby
20 23 (1.29%) R
Qualifications
1 313 (17.52%) Degree
2 233 (13.04%) Security Cleared
3 161 (9.01%) Computer Science Degree
4 140 (7.83%) SC Cleared
5 76 (4.25%) AWS Certification
6 75 (4.20%) DV Cleared
7 70 (3.92%) Master's Degree
8 44 (2.46%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 43 (2.41%) Azure Certification
10 31 (1.73%) PhD
11 30 (1.68%) ISTQB
12 28 (1.57%) BPSS Clearance
13 23 (1.29%) TOGAF Certification
14 21 (1.18%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
14 21 (1.18%) Microsoft Certification
15 12 (0.67%) AWS Certified Developer
16 8 (0.45%) HND
17 7 (0.39%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
18 5 (0.28%) ISEB
19 4 (0.22%) ITIL Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 107 (5.99%) QA
2 50 (2.80%) Accessibility
3 26 (1.45%) GDPR
4 21 (1.18%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 14 (0.78%) Data Quality
5 14 (0.78%) ISO 9001
6 11 (0.62%) NIST
7 7 (0.39%) WCAG
8 6 (0.34%) Actionable Recommendations
8 6 (0.34%) HIPAA
8 6 (0.34%) NCSC
8 6 (0.34%) PCI DSS
8 6 (0.34%) SLA
9 4 (0.22%) Cyber Essentials
9 4 (0.22%) EU AI Act
9 4 (0.22%) SEPA
9 4 (0.22%) SOC 2
10 2 (0.11%) ITGC
10 2 (0.11%) MISRA
10 2 (0.11%) PSD2
System Software
1 305 (17.07%) Docker
2 42 (2.35%) Active Directory
3 19 (1.06%) Virtual Machines
4 14 (0.78%) Virtual Servers
5 13 (0.73%) HDFS
6 6 (0.34%) VMware Infrastructure
7 4 (0.22%) DFS Replication
8 3 (0.17%) KVM
8 3 (0.17%) vSphere
9 2 (0.11%) Apache Flume
9 2 (0.11%) Firmware
9 2 (0.11%) Hyper-V
9 2 (0.11%) Virtual Desktop
9 2 (0.11%) VMware ESXi
10 1 (0.056%) Squid
Systems Management
1 415 (23.22%) Kubernetes
2 166 (9.29%) Terraform
3 77 (4.31%) Grafana
4 54 (3.02%) Ansible
5 40 (2.24%) Single Sign-On
6 38 (2.13%) Kibana
7 37 (2.07%) Prometheus
8 20 (1.12%) Argo
9 11 (0.62%) Progress Chef
10 9 (0.50%) HP Fortify
11 7 (0.39%) Control-M
11 7 (0.39%) Microsoft Intune
12 6 (0.34%) Docker Swarm
13 5 (0.28%) logstash
13 5 (0.28%) Nagios
13 5 (0.28%) Puppet
14 4 (0.22%) Nessus
14 4 (0.22%) Nmap
15 3 (0.17%) Rancher
16 2 (0.11%) Kustomize
Vendors
1 150 (8.39%) Oracle
2 106 (5.93%) Microsoft
3 78 (4.36%) Google
4 42 (2.35%) Splunk
5 35 (1.96%) Guidewire
6 30 (1.68%) Dynatrace
7 28 (1.57%) Databricks
8 27 (1.51%) Atlassian
8 27 (1.51%) MuleSoft
9 25 (1.40%) Informatica
10 22 (1.23%) IBM
10 22 (1.23%) SAP
10 22 (1.23%) Talend
11 19 (1.06%) Okta
12 18 (1.01%) Red Hat
12 18 (1.01%) ServiceNow
13 14 (0.78%) Dell
14 12 (0.67%) Salesforce
15 11 (0.62%) Adobe
16 10 (0.56%) Siemens