Java Job Trends

Java
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring Java skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 29 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
29 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 75 39 22
Rank change year-on-year -36 -17 -5
Permanent jobs citing Java 1,758 3,009 4,481
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 2.96% 5.43% 8.69%
As % of the Programming Languages category 15.16% 16.04% 21.90%
Number of salaries quoted 1,171 1,782 3,184
10th Percentile £41,250 £42,500 £43,750
25th Percentile £56,250 £55,000 £53,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £75,000 £78,785 £72,500
Median % change year-on-year -4.80% +8.67% -
75th Percentile £105,000 £110,000 £96,250
90th Percentile £130,000 £136,125 £122,328
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £62,500 £60,000
% change year-on-year +4.00% +4.17% -

All Programming Languages
UK

Java falls under the Programming Languages category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 11,594 18,762 20,463
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 19.54% 33.88% 39.67%
Number of salaries quoted 8,503 11,078 16,636
10th Percentile £32,500 £37,500 £38,750
25th Percentile £45,000 £47,500 £47,500
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £65,000 £63,500
Median % change year-on-year -3.85% +2.36% -2.31%
75th Percentile £82,500 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £105,000 £110,000 £106,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £55,000

Java
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing Java relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

Java job vacancy trend in the UK

Java
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java

Java
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Java over the 6 months to 29 December 2025.

Salary histogram for Java in the UK

Java
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Java within the UK over the 6 months to 29 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -33 1,565 £75,000 -6.25% 3,114
London -12 840 £100,000 - 786
UK excluding London -50 814 £65,000 +4.00% 2,591
Work from Home -20 695 £70,000 -12.50% 1,657
North of England -13 266 £67,500 +12.50% 693
South East -65 186 £60,000 -14.29% 694
Yorkshire +36 142 £71,250 +29.55% 272
South West -35 122 £65,000 - 306
North West -16 111 £67,500 +12.50% 356
Midlands -5 99 £57,500 +24.32% 369
Scotland -30 93 £82,500 +26.92% 140
West Midlands +10 79 £57,468 -0.06% 196
East of England -78 32 £38,250 -41.15% 328
East Midlands -31 20 £57,500 +64.29% 157
Wales -27 19 £80,000 +33.33% 70
North East -25 15 £60,100 +0.17% 67
Northern Ireland -17 5 £95,000 +72.73% 43

Java
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 75 (4.27%) Apache
2 66 (3.75%) Apache Airflow
3 63 (3.58%) Apache Spark
4 31 (1.76%) Confluence
5 21 (1.19%) Oracle SOA Suite
6 15 (0.85%) JBoss
7 13 (0.74%) OpenStack
8 12 (0.68%) IIS
8 12 (0.68%) WebSphere
9 7 (0.40%) Anypoint
10 6 (0.34%) Camunda
10 6 (0.34%) Mule
11 5 (0.28%) nginx
11 5 (0.28%) SharePoint
12 4 (0.23%) Appian
13 3 (0.17%) Adobe Experience Manager
13 3 (0.17%) Luigi
13 3 (0.17%) Microsoft Exchange
13 3 (0.17%) Tomcat
14 2 (0.11%) WebSphere Application Server
Applications
1 12 (0.68%) MS Visio
2 10 (0.57%) Microsoft PowerPoint
3 9 (0.51%) Microsoft Excel
4 7 (0.40%) Microsoft Office
5 5 (0.28%) Chatbot
6 3 (0.17%) Simulink
7 2 (0.11%) Windchill
8 1 (0.057%) Siemens NX
8 1 (0.057%) Trello
Business Applications
1 37 (2.10%) Oracle ERP
2 10 (0.57%) Dynamics NAV
3 7 (0.40%) Fidessa
4 6 (0.34%) Maximo
5 5 (0.28%) SAP S/4HANA
5 5 (0.28%) Shopify
6 3 (0.17%) Payment Gateway
7 2 (0.11%) Adaptiv
7 2 (0.11%) Oracle Applications
7 2 (0.11%) Teamcenter
8 1 (0.057%) Bloomberg AIM
8 1 (0.057%) Loan IQ
Cloud Services
1 801 (45.56%) AWS
2 386 (21.96%) Azure
3 203 (11.55%) GCP
4 149 (8.48%) Serverless
5 127 (7.22%) GitHub
6 111 (6.31%) SaaS
7 99 (5.63%) Amazon EKS
8 87 (4.95%) AWS Lambda
9 78 (4.44%) Amazon S3
10 75 (4.27%) Amazon ECS
11 61 (3.47%) Snowflake
12 58 (3.30%) dbt
13 55 (3.13%) Azure DevOps
14 53 (3.01%) OpenShift
15 45 (2.56%) Amazon EC2
16 42 (2.39%) AWS CloudFormation
17 37 (2.10%) OCI
18 34 (1.93%) Amazon CloudWatch
19 33 (1.88%) Datadog
19 33 (1.88%) GitHub Copilot
Communications & Networking
1 35 (1.99%) TCP/IP
2 25 (1.42%) HTTP
3 15 (0.85%) Firewall
4 14 (0.80%) AMQP
5 13 (0.74%) SSH
6 10 (0.57%) Broadband
6 10 (0.57%) DNS
6 10 (0.57%) Internet
7 9 (0.51%) Multicast
8 8 (0.46%) VPN
9 7 (0.40%) FTP
9 7 (0.40%) SMTP
9 7 (0.40%) VLAN
10 6 (0.34%) SAN
11 5 (0.28%) Bluetooth
12 4 (0.23%) LAN
12 4 (0.23%) Network Security
12 4 (0.23%) WAN
12 4 (0.23%) Wireshark
12 4 (0.23%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 149 (8.48%) PostgreSQL
2 129 (7.34%) Relational Database
3 113 (6.43%) SQL Server
4 107 (6.09%) NoSQL
5 82 (4.66%) MongoDB
6 67 (3.81%) MySQL
7 62 (3.53%) Data Warehouse
8 59 (3.36%) Data Lake
9 54 (3.07%) Big Data
10 53 (3.01%) Hadoop
11 50 (2.84%) RDBMS
12 49 (2.79%) DynamoDB
13 40 (2.28%) Amazon Athena
13 40 (2.28%) Amazon RDS
13 40 (2.28%) Apache Iceberg
13 40 (2.28%) Apache Ignite
14 37 (2.10%) Apache Arrow
14 37 (2.10%) Dremio
15 34 (1.93%) Elasticsearch
16 30 (1.71%) BigQuery
Development Applications
1 221 (12.57%) Jenkins
2 151 (8.59%) Git
3 120 (6.83%) Selenium
4 117 (6.66%) JIRA
5 94 (5.35%) GitLab
6 71 (4.04%) JUnit
7 66 (3.75%) Cucumber
8 59 (3.36%) Cypress.io
9 56 (3.19%) Postman
10 48 (2.73%) WebDriver
11 44 (2.50%) Maven
12 41 (2.33%) SoapUI
13 40 (2.28%) JMeter
13 40 (2.28%) TeamCity
14 39 (2.22%) Oracle Forms
15 36 (2.05%) Bitbucket
16 32 (1.82%) Team Foundation Server
17 31 (1.76%) SonarQube
18 27 (1.54%) Mockito
19 18 (1.02%) REST Assured
General
1 549 (31.23%) Finance
2 468 (26.62%) Social Skills
3 242 (13.77%) Banking
4 152 (8.65%) Analytical Skills
5 127 (7.22%) Front Office
6 103 (5.86%) Investment Banking
7 102 (5.80%) Law
7 102 (5.80%) Public Sector
8 88 (5.01%) Financial Institution
9 70 (3.98%) Inclusion and Diversity
10 56 (3.19%) Retail
11 40 (2.28%) Back Office
12 38 (2.16%) Marketing
13 36 (2.05%) Games
14 25 (1.42%) Aerospace
14 25 (1.42%) Manufacturing
14 25 (1.42%) Telecoms
15 21 (1.19%) Influencing Skills
16 20 (1.14%) Billing
17 19 (1.08%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 622 (35.38%) Developer
2 415 (23.61%) Senior
3 364 (20.71%) Software Engineer
4 319 (18.15%) Java Developer
5 214 (12.17%) Lead
6 205 (11.66%) Java Engineer
7 126 (7.17%) Java Software Engineer
8 124 (7.05%) Senior Software Engineer
9 121 (6.88%) Full-Stack Developer
10 120 (6.83%) Senior Developer
11 108 (6.14%) Architect
12 94 (5.35%) Senior Java Engineer
13 83 (4.72%) AWS Engineer
14 79 (4.49%) Full-Stack Engineer
15 75 (4.27%) Full-Stack Java Developer
16 72 (4.10%) Cloud Engineer
17 69 (3.92%) Senior Java Developer
18 64 (3.64%) Senior Java Software Engineer
19 59 (3.36%) Software Developer
20 55 (3.13%) Applications Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 359 (20.42%) Spring
2 317 (18.03%) React
3 294 (16.72%) Spring Boot
4 200 (11.38%) Kafka
5 190 (10.81%) REST
6 174 (9.90%) RESTful
7 172 (9.78%) .NET
8 149 (8.48%) Node.js
9 142 (8.08%) AngularJS
10 139 (7.91%) HTML
11 112 (6.37%) CSS
12 104 (5.92%) SOAP
13 74 (4.21%) Hibernate
14 67 (3.81%) JSON
15 62 (3.53%) XML
16 59 (3.36%) Web Services
17 52 (2.96%) Elastic Stack
18 51 (2.90%) jQuery
19 49 (2.79%) gRPC
20 48 (2.73%) Pandas
Miscellaneous
1 281 (15.98%) Cloud Native
2 176 (10.01%) Distributed Systems
3 91 (5.18%) Equities
4 75 (4.27%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
5 74 (4.21%) Enterprise Software
6 68 (3.87%) Product Ownership
7 67 (3.81%) Fixed Income
7 67 (3.81%) Self-Motivation
8 63 (3.58%) Derivative
9 59 (3.36%) Algorithms
10 51 (2.90%) Hedge funds
11 44 (2.50%) Onboarding
12 39 (2.22%) Pricing Data
13 38 (2.16%) Greenfield Project
14 36 (2.05%) Management Information System
15 34 (1.93%) Legacy Systems
16 31 (1.76%) Public Cloud
17 29 (1.65%) Distributed Architecture
18 24 (1.37%) Data Structures
19 23 (1.31%) FPGA
Operating Systems
1 214 (12.17%) Linux
2 45 (2.56%) Windows
3 30 (1.71%) Unix
4 27 (1.54%) Android
5 12 (0.68%) Apple iOS
6 8 (0.46%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
6 8 (0.46%) Ubuntu
7 7 (0.40%) Mac OS
7 7 (0.40%) VMS
8 5 (0.28%) Amazon Linux
8 5 (0.28%) CentOS
9 4 (0.23%) Kali Linux
10 3 (0.17%) Debian
11 2 (0.11%) Oracle Linux
11 2 (0.11%) Windows Server 2019
12 1 (0.057%) AIX
12 1 (0.057%) FreeRTOS
12 1 (0.057%) SUSE
12 1 (0.057%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 731 (41.58%) Agile
2 563 (32.03%) CI/CD
3 536 (30.49%) Software Engineering
4 426 (24.23%) DevOps
5 388 (22.07%) Microservices
6 344 (19.57%) Problem-Solving
7 304 (17.29%) Mentoring
8 302 (17.18%) Full-Stack Development
9 293 (16.67%) Test Automation
10 269 (15.30%) Computer Science
11 225 (12.80%) Continuous Improvement
12 186 (10.58%) Scrum
13 180 (10.24%) Containerisation
14 178 (10.13%) AI
15 156 (8.87%) SDLC
16 154 (8.76%) TDD
17 140 (7.96%) Roadmaps
18 139 (7.91%) Clean Code
19 127 (7.22%) Analytics
20 126 (7.17%) User Experience
Programming Languages
1 691 (39.31%) Python
2 421 (23.95%) JavaScript
3 410 (23.32%) SQL
4 288 (16.38%) TypeScript
5 263 (14.96%) C#
6 145 (8.25%) C++
7 128 (7.28%) Go
8 100 (5.69%) C
9 94 (5.35%) Kotlin
10 78 (4.44%) Scala
11 70 (3.98%) PL/SQL
11 70 (3.98%) Shell Script
12 59 (3.36%) Bash
13 58 (3.30%) PHP
14 39 (2.22%) Groovy
15 27 (1.54%) PowerShell
15 27 (1.54%) R
16 24 (1.37%) Ruby
16 24 (1.37%) Rust
17 21 (1.19%) Perl
Qualifications
1 339 (19.28%) Degree
2 245 (13.94%) Security Cleared
3 168 (9.56%) Computer Science Degree
4 137 (7.79%) SC Cleared
5 93 (5.29%) DV Cleared
6 76 (4.32%) AWS Certification
7 74 (4.21%) Master's Degree
8 43 (2.45%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 41 (2.33%) Azure Certification
10 39 (2.22%) ISTQB
11 31 (1.76%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
12 28 (1.59%) BPSS Clearance
12 28 (1.59%) TOGAF Certification
13 27 (1.54%) PhD
14 25 (1.42%) Microsoft Certification
15 13 (0.74%) AWS Certified Developer
16 8 (0.46%) HND
16 8 (0.46%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
17 6 (0.34%) MBA
17 6 (0.34%) OSCP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 112 (6.37%) QA
2 47 (2.67%) Accessibility
3 24 (1.37%) GDPR
4 19 (1.08%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 17 (0.97%) Data Quality
6 12 (0.68%) Actionable Recommendations
6 12 (0.68%) ISO 9001
7 9 (0.51%) NIST
7 9 (0.51%) PCI DSS
8 8 (0.46%) SLA
9 7 (0.40%) WCAG
10 6 (0.34%) NCSC
10 6 (0.34%) SOC 2
11 4 (0.23%) Cyber Essentials
11 4 (0.23%) EU AI Act
11 4 (0.23%) HIPAA
11 4 (0.23%) SEPA
12 2 (0.11%) ECSS
12 2 (0.11%) MISRA
12 2 (0.11%) PSD2
System Software
1 308 (17.52%) Docker
2 38 (2.16%) Active Directory
3 19 (1.08%) Virtual Machines
4 14 (0.80%) Virtual Servers
5 9 (0.51%) HDFS
6 6 (0.34%) VMware Infrastructure
7 4 (0.23%) KVM
8 3 (0.17%) Firmware
9 2 (0.11%) Hyper-V
9 2 (0.11%) Virtual Desktop
9 2 (0.11%) VMware ESXi
9 2 (0.11%) vSphere
10 1 (0.057%) DFS Replication
10 1 (0.057%) OpenAM
10 1 (0.057%) OpenDJ
10 1 (0.057%) OpenIDM
10 1 (0.057%) Squid
Systems Management
1 392 (22.30%) Kubernetes
2 158 (8.99%) Terraform
3 70 (3.98%) Grafana
4 66 (3.75%) Ansible
5 46 (2.62%) Single Sign-On
6 33 (1.88%) Prometheus
7 31 (1.76%) Kibana
8 27 (1.54%) Argo
9 17 (0.97%) HP Fortify
10 11 (0.63%) Progress Chef
11 8 (0.46%) Kustomize
11 8 (0.46%) Microsoft Intune
11 8 (0.46%) Puppet
12 6 (0.34%) Control-M
12 6 (0.34%) Rancher
13 5 (0.28%) Docker Swarm
14 4 (0.23%) Nagios
14 4 (0.23%) Nessus
14 4 (0.23%) Nmap
14 4 (0.23%) yum
Vendors
1 148 (8.42%) Oracle
2 104 (5.92%) Microsoft
3 79 (4.49%) Google
4 33 (1.88%) Splunk
5 30 (1.71%) Databricks
5 30 (1.71%) Guidewire
6 29 (1.65%) Atlassian
7 26 (1.48%) MuleSoft
8 24 (1.37%) Informatica
9 23 (1.31%) Talend
10 22 (1.25%) IBM
11 21 (1.19%) Okta
12 20 (1.14%) Dynatrace
13 18 (1.02%) SAP
14 17 (0.97%) Red Hat
15 14 (0.80%) Dell
15 14 (0.80%) Salesforce
16 11 (0.63%) Adobe
16 11 (0.63%) Siemens
17 9 (0.51%) Mercator