Java Job Trends

Java
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring Java skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 3 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
3 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 65 33 22
Rank change year-on-year -32 -11 -6
Permanent jobs citing Java 1,885 3,507 4,216
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 3.45% 5.53% 8.39%
As % of the Programming Languages category 16.17% 16.68% 20.54%
Number of salaries quoted 1,194 2,135 3,275
10th Percentile £41,250 £41,250 £45,000
25th Percentile £57,500 £54,250 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £77,500 £80,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.13% +6.67% +3.45%
75th Percentile £107,500 £112,500 £96,250
90th Percentile £135,000 £140,000 £125,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £60,000 £61,500
% change year-on-year +8.33% -2.44% +2.50%

All Programming Languages
UK

Java falls under the Programming Languages category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 11,655 21,023 20,527
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 21.34% 33.13% 40.87%
Number of salaries quoted 8,460 12,600 16,902
10th Percentile £32,500 £37,500 £39,820
25th Percentile £45,000 £47,500 £48,140
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.85% - -
75th Percentile £83,250 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £107,500 £108,750 £106,250
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £55,000

Java
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing Java relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

Java job vacancy trend in the UK

Java
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java

Java
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Java over the 6 months to 3 December 2025.

Salary histogram for Java in the UK

Java
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Java within the UK over the 6 months to 3 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -35 1,637 £77,500 -3.13% 737
London -11 944 £101,250 +1.25% 308
UK excluding London -44 856 £65,000 +8.33% 659
Work from Home -24 669 £75,000 -11.76% 575
North of England -12 261 £65,000 +8.33% 131
South East -78 167 £62,500 -3.85% 282
Scotland -3 163 £77,500 +29.17% 28
North West -19 121 £67,500 +12.50% 79
Yorkshire +26 119 £67,500 +22.73% 37
South West -46 113 £65,000 +1.96% 105
Midlands +21 108 £60,000 +50.00% 53
West Midlands +28 82 £62,500 +19.05% 36
East of England -70 34 £28,250 -58.15% 52
East Midlands +1 26 £57,500 +64.29% 16
North East -10 23 £55,000 -6.75% 16
Wales -21 19 £80,000 +33.33% 14
Northern Ireland -19 4 £95,000 +72.73% 13

Java
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 90 (4.77%) Apache
2 85 (4.51%) Apache Airflow
3 68 (3.61%) Apache Spark
4 37 (1.96%) Confluence
5 16 (0.85%) Oracle SOA Suite
6 15 (0.80%) JBoss
7 10 (0.53%) WebSphere
8 9 (0.48%) Camunda
9 8 (0.42%) OpenStack
10 7 (0.37%) IIS
10 7 (0.37%) nginx
11 6 (0.32%) Anypoint
11 6 (0.32%) Mule
12 5 (0.27%) BizTalk Server
12 5 (0.27%) Oracle Workflow
12 5 (0.27%) SharePoint
13 4 (0.21%) Appian
14 3 (0.16%) Adobe Experience Manager
14 3 (0.16%) Jupyter
14 3 (0.16%) Luigi
Applications
1 8 (0.42%) Microsoft PowerPoint
1 8 (0.42%) MS Visio
2 5 (0.27%) Chatbot
2 5 (0.27%) Microsoft Excel
2 5 (0.27%) Microsoft Office
3 3 (0.16%) Simulink
4 1 (0.053%) Trello
4 1 (0.053%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 31 (1.64%) Oracle ERP
2 12 (0.64%) Dynamics NAV
3 8 (0.42%) SAP S/4HANA
4 7 (0.37%) Fidessa
5 5 (0.27%) Maximo
5 5 (0.27%) Shopify
6 4 (0.21%) Payment Gateway
7 3 (0.16%) Adaptiv
8 2 (0.11%) Oracle Applications
9 1 (0.053%) Bloomberg AIM
9 1 (0.053%) Loan IQ
9 1 (0.053%) Summit
9 1 (0.053%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 890 (47.21%) AWS
2 407 (21.59%) Azure
3 230 (12.20%) GCP
4 148 (7.85%) Serverless
5 132 (7.00%) GitHub
6 102 (5.41%) SaaS
7 101 (5.36%) Amazon EKS
8 85 (4.51%) AWS Lambda
9 80 (4.24%) Amazon S3
10 76 (4.03%) dbt
11 74 (3.93%) Amazon ECS
12 71 (3.77%) Amazon EC2
13 68 (3.61%) Snowflake
14 49 (2.60%) Azure DevOps
14 49 (2.60%) OpenShift
15 46 (2.44%) Amazon CloudWatch
16 37 (1.96%) GitHub Actions
17 34 (1.80%) Datadog
18 31 (1.64%) OCI
19 29 (1.54%) Power Platform
Communications & Networking
1 37 (1.96%) TCP/IP
2 30 (1.59%) HTTP
3 22 (1.17%) Firewall
4 20 (1.06%) SSH
5 19 (1.01%) DNS
6 14 (0.74%) FTP
6 14 (0.74%) SMTP
7 12 (0.64%) AMQP
8 11 (0.58%) Internet
9 10 (0.53%) Multicast
9 10 (0.53%) VPN
10 7 (0.37%) SAN
10 7 (0.37%) VLAN
11 5 (0.27%) Bluetooth
12 4 (0.21%) Broadband
12 4 (0.21%) Intrusion Detection
12 4 (0.21%) LAN
12 4 (0.21%) WAN
12 4 (0.21%) Wireshark
12 4 (0.21%) ZigBee
Database & Business Intelligence
1 166 (8.81%) PostgreSQL
2 149 (7.90%) Relational Database
3 117 (6.21%) NoSQL
3 117 (6.21%) SQL Server
4 97 (5.15%) MongoDB
5 83 (4.40%) MySQL
6 79 (4.19%) Data Lake
7 66 (3.50%) Amazon Athena
8 61 (3.24%) Apache Iceberg
9 60 (3.18%) Big Data
10 57 (3.02%) Apache Arrow
10 57 (3.02%) Data Warehouse
10 57 (3.02%) Dremio
11 56 (2.97%) Apache Ignite
12 53 (2.81%) Amazon RDS
13 51 (2.71%) RDBMS
14 49 (2.60%) Hadoop
15 43 (2.28%) DynamoDB
16 31 (1.64%) Elasticsearch
17 30 (1.59%) BigQuery
Development Applications
1 222 (11.78%) Jenkins
2 168 (8.91%) Git
3 110 (5.84%) JIRA
4 107 (5.68%) Selenium
5 83 (4.40%) JUnit
6 82 (4.35%) GitLab
7 63 (3.34%) Cucumber
8 48 (2.55%) Cypress.io
9 45 (2.39%) JMeter
9 45 (2.39%) Maven
10 42 (2.23%) Postman
11 36 (1.91%) TeamCity
11 36 (1.91%) WebDriver
12 33 (1.75%) Bitbucket
12 33 (1.75%) Mockito
12 33 (1.75%) Oracle Forms
13 28 (1.49%) SoapUI
14 24 (1.27%) SonarQube
15 20 (1.06%) Sonatype Nexus
15 20 (1.06%) Team Foundation Server
General
1 751 (39.84%) Finance
2 497 (26.37%) Social Skills
3 346 (18.36%) Banking
4 257 (13.63%) Law
5 222 (11.78%) Inclusion and Diversity
6 169 (8.97%) Front Office
7 166 (8.81%) Analytical Skills
8 141 (7.48%) Investment Banking
9 110 (5.84%) Public Sector
10 100 (5.31%) Financial Institution
11 88 (4.67%) Marketing
12 50 (2.65%) Retail
13 43 (2.28%) Games
14 39 (2.07%) Back Office
15 33 (1.75%) Legal
16 24 (1.27%) Manufacturing
17 22 (1.17%) Aerospace
18 21 (1.11%) Influencing Skills
19 19 (1.01%) Presentation Skills
20 18 (0.95%) Documentation Skills
Job Titles
1 634 (33.63%) Developer
2 538 (28.54%) Software Engineer
3 443 (23.50%) Senior
4 308 (16.34%) Java Developer
5 306 (16.23%) Java Engineer
6 269 (14.27%) Lead
7 228 (12.10%) Java Software Engineer
8 165 (8.75%) Senior Software Engineer
9 118 (6.26%) Full-Stack Developer
10 116 (6.15%) Senior Java Engineer
11 114 (6.05%) AWS Engineer
12 112 (5.94%) Lead Software Engineer
13 109 (5.78%) Senior Developer
14 101 (5.36%) Architect
15 88 (4.67%) Full-Stack Engineer
16 86 (4.56%) Senior Java Software Engineer
17 85 (4.51%) Python Engineer
18 77 (4.08%) Python Software Engineer
19 76 (4.03%) AWS Software Engineer
19 76 (4.03%) Full-Stack Java Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 421 (22.33%) Spring
2 367 (19.47%) React
3 320 (16.98%) Spring Boot
4 279 (14.80%) Kafka
5 206 (10.93%) RESTful
6 190 (10.08%) REST
7 175 (9.28%) .NET
8 161 (8.54%) Node.js
9 142 (7.53%) AngularJS
10 136 (7.21%) HTML
11 122 (6.47%) CSS
12 88 (4.67%) Hibernate
12 88 (4.67%) SOAP
13 73 (3.87%) Pandas
14 67 (3.55%) jQuery
14 67 (3.55%) JSON
14 67 (3.55%) Web Services
15 65 (3.45%) gRPC
16 63 (3.34%) GraphQL
17 60 (3.18%) XML
Miscellaneous
1 342 (18.14%) Cloud Native
2 191 (10.13%) Distributed Systems
3 118 (6.26%) Equities
4 110 (5.84%) Fixed Income
5 105 (5.57%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
6 102 (5.41%) Algorithms
7 93 (4.93%) Derivative
8 69 (3.66%) Hedge funds
9 68 (3.61%) Enterprise Software
10 65 (3.45%) Self-Motivation
11 63 (3.34%) Product Ownership
12 59 (3.13%) Public Cloud
13 57 (3.02%) Onboarding
14 55 (2.92%) Pricing Data
15 48 (2.55%) Greenfield Project
16 40 (2.12%) Management Information System
17 39 (2.07%) Legacy Systems
18 30 (1.59%) Data Structures
19 27 (1.43%) Distributed Architecture
20 26 (1.38%) Virtual Team
Operating Systems
1 214 (11.35%) Linux
2 50 (2.65%) Windows
3 30 (1.59%) Unix
4 25 (1.33%) Android
5 14 (0.74%) VMS
6 12 (0.64%) Amazon Linux
6 12 (0.64%) Apple iOS
7 9 (0.48%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 9 (0.48%) Ubuntu
8 7 (0.37%) Mac OS
9 4 (0.21%) CentOS
9 4 (0.21%) Kali Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Debian
10 2 (0.11%) Embedded Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Oracle Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Windows Server 2019
11 1 (0.053%) AIX
11 1 (0.053%) FreeRTOS
11 1 (0.053%) SUSE
11 1 (0.053%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 900 (47.75%) Agile
2 727 (38.57%) Software Engineering
3 654 (34.69%) CI/CD
4 425 (22.55%) Microservices
5 415 (22.02%) DevOps
6 387 (20.53%) Problem-Solving
7 306 (16.23%) Test Automation
8 302 (16.02%) Full-Stack Development
9 293 (15.54%) Mentoring
10 280 (14.85%) Continuous Improvement
11 279 (14.80%) Computer Science
12 274 (14.54%) SDLC
13 233 (12.36%) AI
14 181 (9.60%) TDD
15 179 (9.50%) Containerisation
15 179 (9.50%) Scrum
16 168 (8.91%) Machine Learning
17 156 (8.28%) Clean Code
18 148 (7.85%) Fintech
19 139 (7.37%) Analytics
Programming Languages
1 752 (39.89%) Python
2 440 (23.34%) JavaScript
3 439 (23.29%) SQL
4 321 (17.03%) TypeScript
5 269 (14.27%) C#
6 178 (9.44%) C++
7 142 (7.53%) Go
8 114 (6.05%) Kotlin
9 103 (5.46%) C
10 77 (4.08%) Scala
11 74 (3.93%) Shell Script
12 69 (3.66%) PL/SQL
13 64 (3.40%) PHP
14 41 (2.18%) Groovy
15 39 (2.07%) Bash
16 38 (2.02%) PowerShell
17 28 (1.49%) Rust
18 27 (1.43%) Perl
19 26 (1.38%) Ruby
20 23 (1.22%) R
Qualifications
1 321 (17.03%) Degree
2 235 (12.47%) Security Cleared
3 168 (8.91%) Computer Science Degree
4 143 (7.59%) SC Cleared
5 78 (4.14%) AWS Certification
6 72 (3.82%) DV Cleared
7 69 (3.66%) Master's Degree
8 44 (2.33%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 43 (2.28%) Azure Certification
10 31 (1.64%) PhD
11 28 (1.49%) BPSS Clearance
11 28 (1.49%) ISTQB
12 21 (1.11%) TOGAF Certification
13 19 (1.01%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
13 19 (1.01%) Microsoft Certification
14 11 (0.58%) AWS Certified Developer
15 8 (0.42%) HND
16 7 (0.37%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
17 5 (0.27%) ISEB
18 4 (0.21%) ITIL Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 107 (5.68%) QA
2 50 (2.65%) Accessibility
3 28 (1.49%) GDPR
4 21 (1.11%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 14 (0.74%) ISO 9001
6 13 (0.69%) Data Quality
7 12 (0.64%) NIST
8 9 (0.48%) PCI DSS
9 7 (0.37%) HIPAA
9 7 (0.37%) SLA
9 7 (0.37%) WCAG
10 6 (0.32%) Actionable Recommendations
10 6 (0.32%) NCSC
11 4 (0.21%) Cyber Essentials
11 4 (0.21%) EU AI Act
11 4 (0.21%) SEPA
11 4 (0.21%) SOC 2
12 2 (0.11%) ECSS
12 2 (0.11%) MISRA
12 2 (0.11%) PSD2
System Software
1 310 (16.45%) Docker
2 42 (2.23%) Active Directory
3 19 (1.01%) Virtual Machines
4 14 (0.74%) HDFS
4 14 (0.74%) Virtual Servers
5 6 (0.32%) VMware Infrastructure
6 4 (0.21%) DFS Replication
7 3 (0.16%) KVM
7 3 (0.16%) vSphere
8 2 (0.11%) Apache Flume
8 2 (0.11%) Firmware
8 2 (0.11%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.11%) Virtual Desktop
8 2 (0.11%) VMware ESXi
9 1 (0.053%) Squid
Systems Management
1 441 (23.40%) Kubernetes
2 174 (9.23%) Terraform
3 83 (4.40%) Grafana
4 54 (2.86%) Ansible
5 40 (2.12%) Prometheus
6 39 (2.07%) Kibana
6 39 (2.07%) Single Sign-On
7 20 (1.06%) Argo
8 12 (0.64%) Progress Chef
9 7 (0.37%) Control-M
9 7 (0.37%) HP Fortify
9 7 (0.37%) Microsoft Intune
10 6 (0.32%) Docker Swarm
11 5 (0.27%) logstash
11 5 (0.27%) Nagios
11 5 (0.27%) Puppet
12 4 (0.21%) Nessus
12 4 (0.21%) Nmap
13 3 (0.16%) Rancher
14 2 (0.11%) HAProxy
Vendors
1 165 (8.75%) Oracle
2 109 (5.78%) Microsoft
3 83 (4.40%) Google
4 47 (2.49%) Splunk
5 36 (1.91%) Guidewire
6 35 (1.86%) Dynatrace
7 32 (1.70%) Databricks
8 29 (1.54%) Atlassian
9 26 (1.38%) MuleSoft
10 23 (1.22%) IBM
11 22 (1.17%) SAP
12 21 (1.11%) Informatica
12 21 (1.11%) ServiceNow
13 19 (1.01%) Red Hat
14 18 (0.95%) Okta
14 18 (0.95%) Talend
15 14 (0.74%) Dell
16 11 (0.58%) Adobe
16 11 (0.58%) Salesforce
17 10 (0.53%) Siemens