Java Job Trends

Java
UK

The table below provides summary statistics and salary benchmarking for jobs requiring Java skills. It covers permanent job vacancies from the 6 months leading up to 4 December 2025, with comparisons to the same periods in the previous two years.

6 months to
4 Dec 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 66 33 22
Rank change year-on-year -33 -11 -6
Permanent jobs citing Java 1,896 3,510 4,185
As % of all permanent jobs in the UK 3.45% 5.54% 8.39%
As % of the Programming Languages category 16.16% 16.66% 20.55%
Number of salaries quoted 1,198 2,141 3,249
10th Percentile £41,250 £41,250 £45,000
25th Percentile £57,500 £55,000 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £77,500 £80,000 £75,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.13% +6.67% +3.45%
75th Percentile £107,500 £112,500 £96,250
90th Percentile £135,000 £140,000 £125,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £60,000 £61,500
% change year-on-year +8.33% -2.44% +2.50%

All Programming Languages
UK

Java falls under the Programming Languages category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring coding skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for coding skills 11,734 21,069 20,363
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 21.36% 33.23% 40.84%
Number of salaries quoted 8,528 12,635 16,765
10th Percentile £32,500 £37,500 £39,793
25th Percentile £45,000 £47,500 £48,103
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £65,000 £65,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.85% - -
75th Percentile £83,250 £85,000 £85,000
90th Percentile £107,500 £110,000 £105,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £55,000

Java
Job Vacancy Trend

Historical trend showing the proportion of permanent IT job postings citing Java relative to all permanent IT jobs advertised.

Java job vacancy trend in the UK

Java
Salary Trend

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java.

Salary distribution trend for jobs in the UK citing Java

Java
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing Java over the 6 months to 4 December 2025.

Salary histogram for Java in the UK

Java
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing Java within the UK over the 6 months to 4 December 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -36 1,648 £77,500 -3.13% 1,084
London -11 951 £101,250 +1.25% 294
UK excluding London -43 859 £65,000 +8.33% 976
Work from Home -24 670 £75,000 -11.76% 710
North of England -9 262 £65,000 +8.33% 218
South East -84 167 £62,500 -3.85% 316
Scotland -2 163 £77,500 +29.17% 56
North West -18 121 £67,500 +12.50% 117
Yorkshire +27 120 £67,500 +22.73% 77
South West -48 114 £65,000 +1.96% 140
Midlands +24 109 £60,000 +50.00% 114
West Midlands +30 83 £62,500 +19.05% 60
East of England -80 34 £28,250 -58.15% 109
East Midlands +2 26 £57,500 +64.29% 47
North East -9 23 £55,000 -6.75% 25
Wales -19 19 £80,000 +33.33% 23
Northern Ireland -20 4 £95,000 +72.73% 23

Java
Co-Occurring Skills & Capabilities by Category

The following tables expand on the one above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. They cover the same employment type, locality and period, with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each category:

Application Platforms
1 90 (4.75%) Apache
2 86 (4.54%) Apache Airflow
3 69 (3.64%) Apache Spark
4 37 (1.95%) Confluence
5 16 (0.84%) Oracle SOA Suite
6 15 (0.79%) JBoss
7 10 (0.53%) WebSphere
8 9 (0.47%) Camunda
9 8 (0.42%) OpenStack
10 7 (0.37%) IIS
10 7 (0.37%) nginx
11 6 (0.32%) Anypoint
11 6 (0.32%) Mule
12 5 (0.26%) Appian
12 5 (0.26%) BizTalk Server
12 5 (0.26%) Oracle Workflow
12 5 (0.26%) SharePoint
13 3 (0.16%) Jupyter
13 3 (0.16%) Microsoft Exchange
13 3 (0.16%) Tomcat
Applications
1 9 (0.47%) MS Visio
2 8 (0.42%) Microsoft PowerPoint
3 6 (0.32%) Microsoft Excel
3 6 (0.32%) Microsoft Office
4 5 (0.26%) Chatbot
5 3 (0.16%) Simulink
6 1 (0.053%) Trello
6 1 (0.053%) Windchill
Business Applications
1 31 (1.64%) Oracle ERP
2 12 (0.63%) Dynamics NAV
3 8 (0.42%) SAP S/4HANA
4 7 (0.37%) Fidessa
5 5 (0.26%) Maximo
5 5 (0.26%) Shopify
6 4 (0.21%) Payment Gateway
7 3 (0.16%) Adaptiv
8 2 (0.11%) Oracle Applications
9 1 (0.053%) Bloomberg AIM
9 1 (0.053%) Loan IQ
9 1 (0.053%) Summit
9 1 (0.053%) Teamcenter
Cloud Services
1 893 (47.10%) AWS
2 409 (21.57%) Azure
3 232 (12.24%) GCP
4 150 (7.91%) Serverless
5 133 (7.01%) GitHub
6 101 (5.33%) Amazon EKS
6 101 (5.33%) SaaS
7 87 (4.59%) AWS Lambda
8 82 (4.32%) Amazon S3
9 76 (4.01%) Amazon ECS
9 76 (4.01%) dbt
10 71 (3.74%) Amazon EC2
11 68 (3.59%) Snowflake
12 49 (2.58%) Azure DevOps
12 49 (2.58%) OpenShift
13 46 (2.43%) Amazon CloudWatch
14 38 (2.00%) GitHub Actions
15 35 (1.85%) Datadog
16 31 (1.64%) AWS CloudFormation
16 31 (1.64%) OCI
Communications & Networking
1 37 (1.95%) TCP/IP
2 30 (1.58%) HTTP
3 22 (1.16%) Firewall
4 20 (1.05%) SSH
5 19 (1.00%) DNS
6 14 (0.74%) FTP
6 14 (0.74%) SMTP
7 12 (0.63%) AMQP
8 11 (0.58%) Internet
9 10 (0.53%) Multicast
9 10 (0.53%) VPN
10 7 (0.37%) SAN
10 7 (0.37%) VLAN
11 5 (0.26%) Bluetooth
12 4 (0.21%) Broadband
12 4 (0.21%) DHCP
12 4 (0.21%) Kerberos
12 4 (0.21%) LAN
12 4 (0.21%) WAN
12 4 (0.21%) Wireshark
Database & Business Intelligence
1 166 (8.76%) PostgreSQL
2 150 (7.91%) Relational Database
3 119 (6.28%) SQL Server
4 117 (6.17%) NoSQL
5 97 (5.12%) MongoDB
6 84 (4.43%) MySQL
7 80 (4.22%) Data Lake
8 66 (3.48%) Amazon Athena
9 62 (3.27%) Big Data
10 61 (3.22%) Apache Iceberg
11 60 (3.16%) Data Warehouse
12 57 (3.01%) Apache Arrow
12 57 (3.01%) Dremio
13 56 (2.95%) Apache Ignite
14 53 (2.80%) Amazon RDS
15 52 (2.74%) RDBMS
16 50 (2.64%) Hadoop
17 46 (2.43%) DynamoDB
18 31 (1.64%) Elasticsearch
19 30 (1.58%) BigQuery
Development Applications
1 224 (11.81%) Jenkins
2 168 (8.86%) Git
3 110 (5.80%) JIRA
4 107 (5.64%) Selenium
5 84 (4.43%) GitLab
6 83 (4.38%) JUnit
7 63 (3.32%) Cucumber
8 50 (2.64%) Cypress.io
9 48 (2.53%) Maven
10 45 (2.37%) JMeter
11 42 (2.22%) Postman
12 36 (1.90%) TeamCity
12 36 (1.90%) WebDriver
13 33 (1.74%) Bitbucket
13 33 (1.74%) Mockito
13 33 (1.74%) Oracle Forms
14 28 (1.48%) SoapUI
15 26 (1.37%) SonarQube
16 21 (1.11%) Sonatype Nexus
17 20 (1.05%) Team Foundation Server
General
1 753 (39.72%) Finance
2 499 (26.32%) Social Skills
3 348 (18.35%) Banking
4 259 (13.66%) Law
5 222 (11.71%) Inclusion and Diversity
6 169 (8.91%) Analytical Skills
6 169 (8.91%) Front Office
7 141 (7.44%) Investment Banking
8 110 (5.80%) Public Sector
9 100 (5.27%) Financial Institution
10 88 (4.64%) Marketing
11 50 (2.64%) Retail
12 43 (2.27%) Games
13 39 (2.06%) Back Office
14 33 (1.74%) Legal
15 24 (1.27%) Manufacturing
16 23 (1.21%) Aerospace
17 21 (1.11%) Influencing Skills
18 19 (1.00%) Presentation Skills
19 18 (0.95%) Billing
Job Titles
1 640 (33.76%) Developer
2 538 (28.38%) Software Engineer
3 445 (23.47%) Senior
4 311 (16.40%) Java Developer
5 306 (16.14%) Java Engineer
6 271 (14.29%) Lead
7 228 (12.03%) Java Software Engineer
8 165 (8.70%) Senior Software Engineer
9 119 (6.28%) Full-Stack Developer
10 116 (6.12%) Senior Java Engineer
11 114 (6.01%) AWS Engineer
12 112 (5.91%) Lead Software Engineer
13 111 (5.85%) Senior Developer
14 101 (5.33%) Architect
15 88 (4.64%) Full-Stack Engineer
16 86 (4.54%) Senior Java Software Engineer
17 85 (4.48%) Python Engineer
18 77 (4.06%) Python Software Engineer
19 76 (4.01%) AWS Software Engineer
19 76 (4.01%) Full-Stack Java Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 423 (22.31%) Spring
2 368 (19.41%) React
3 322 (16.98%) Spring Boot
4 279 (14.72%) Kafka
5 207 (10.92%) RESTful
6 192 (10.13%) REST
7 175 (9.23%) .NET
8 161 (8.49%) Node.js
9 144 (7.59%) AngularJS
10 136 (7.17%) HTML
11 122 (6.43%) CSS
12 89 (4.69%) SOAP
13 88 (4.64%) Hibernate
14 73 (3.85%) Pandas
15 67 (3.53%) jQuery
15 67 (3.53%) JSON
15 67 (3.53%) Web Services
16 65 (3.43%) gRPC
17 64 (3.38%) GraphQL
18 60 (3.16%) XML
Miscellaneous
1 344 (18.14%) Cloud Native
2 195 (10.28%) Distributed Systems
3 118 (6.22%) Equities
4 110 (5.80%) Fixed Income
5 105 (5.54%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
6 102 (5.38%) Algorithms
7 93 (4.91%) Derivative
8 69 (3.64%) Hedge funds
9 68 (3.59%) Enterprise Software
10 65 (3.43%) Self-Motivation
11 64 (3.38%) Product Ownership
12 59 (3.11%) Public Cloud
13 57 (3.01%) Onboarding
14 55 (2.90%) Pricing Data
15 48 (2.53%) Greenfield Project
16 42 (2.22%) Management Information System
17 40 (2.11%) Legacy Systems
18 30 (1.58%) Data Structures
19 27 (1.42%) Distributed Architecture
20 26 (1.37%) Virtual Team
Operating Systems
1 215 (11.34%) Linux
2 50 (2.64%) Windows
3 29 (1.53%) Unix
4 26 (1.37%) Android
5 14 (0.74%) VMS
6 12 (0.63%) Amazon Linux
6 12 (0.63%) Apple iOS
7 9 (0.47%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 9 (0.47%) Ubuntu
8 7 (0.37%) Mac OS
9 4 (0.21%) CentOS
9 4 (0.21%) Kali Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Debian
10 2 (0.11%) Embedded Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Oracle Linux
10 2 (0.11%) Windows Server 2019
11 1 (0.053%) AIX
11 1 (0.053%) FreeRTOS
11 1 (0.053%) SUSE
11 1 (0.053%) Windows Server
Processes & Methodologies
1 904 (47.68%) Agile
2 730 (38.50%) Software Engineering
3 658 (34.70%) CI/CD
4 427 (22.52%) Microservices
5 420 (22.15%) DevOps
6 388 (20.46%) Problem-Solving
7 306 (16.14%) Test Automation
8 305 (16.09%) Full-Stack Development
9 293 (15.45%) Mentoring
10 283 (14.93%) Continuous Improvement
11 281 (14.82%) Computer Science
12 275 (14.50%) SDLC
13 235 (12.39%) AI
14 182 (9.60%) TDD
15 180 (9.49%) Containerisation
15 180 (9.49%) Scrum
16 170 (8.97%) Machine Learning
17 155 (8.18%) Clean Code
18 149 (7.86%) Fintech
19 141 (7.44%) Analytics
Programming Languages
1 758 (39.98%) Python
2 440 (23.21%) JavaScript
2 440 (23.21%) SQL
3 324 (17.09%) TypeScript
4 269 (14.19%) C#
5 179 (9.44%) C++
6 143 (7.54%) Go
7 115 (6.07%) Kotlin
8 103 (5.43%) C
9 77 (4.06%) Scala
10 73 (3.85%) Shell Script
11 68 (3.59%) PL/SQL
12 64 (3.38%) PHP
13 43 (2.27%) Groovy
14 41 (2.16%) Bash
15 37 (1.95%) PowerShell
16 28 (1.48%) Rust
17 27 (1.42%) Perl
18 26 (1.37%) Ruby
19 23 (1.21%) R
Qualifications
1 324 (17.09%) Degree
2 235 (12.39%) Security Cleared
3 170 (8.97%) Computer Science Degree
4 142 (7.49%) SC Cleared
5 79 (4.17%) AWS Certification
6 73 (3.85%) DV Cleared
7 71 (3.74%) Master's Degree
8 44 (2.32%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
9 43 (2.27%) Azure Certification
10 32 (1.69%) PhD
11 28 (1.48%) BPSS Clearance
11 28 (1.48%) ISTQB
12 21 (1.11%) TOGAF Certification
13 19 (1.00%) ISTQB Advanced Certification
13 19 (1.00%) Microsoft Certification
14 12 (0.63%) AWS Certified Developer
15 8 (0.42%) HND
16 7 (0.37%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
17 5 (0.26%) ISEB
18 4 (0.21%) OSCP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 107 (5.64%) QA
2 50 (2.64%) Accessibility
3 28 (1.48%) GDPR
4 21 (1.11%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 14 (0.74%) Data Quality
5 14 (0.74%) ISO 9001
6 12 (0.63%) NIST
7 9 (0.47%) PCI DSS
8 8 (0.42%) SLA
9 7 (0.37%) HIPAA
9 7 (0.37%) WCAG
10 6 (0.32%) Actionable Recommendations
10 6 (0.32%) NCSC
11 4 (0.21%) Cyber Essentials
11 4 (0.21%) EU AI Act
11 4 (0.21%) SEPA
11 4 (0.21%) SOC 2
12 2 (0.11%) GRC
12 2 (0.11%) ITGC
12 2 (0.11%) PSD2
System Software
1 314 (16.56%) Docker
2 42 (2.22%) Active Directory
3 19 (1.00%) Virtual Machines
4 14 (0.74%) HDFS
4 14 (0.74%) Virtual Servers
5 6 (0.32%) VMware Infrastructure
6 4 (0.21%) DFS Replication
7 3 (0.16%) KVM
7 3 (0.16%) vSphere
8 2 (0.11%) Apache Flume
8 2 (0.11%) Firmware
8 2 (0.11%) Hyper-V
8 2 (0.11%) Virtual Desktop
8 2 (0.11%) VMware ESXi
9 1 (0.053%) Squid
Systems Management
1 443 (23.36%) Kubernetes
2 175 (9.23%) Terraform
3 82 (4.32%) Grafana
4 55 (2.90%) Ansible
5 40 (2.11%) Prometheus
6 39 (2.06%) Kibana
6 39 (2.06%) Single Sign-On
7 20 (1.05%) Argo
8 11 (0.58%) Progress Chef
9 9 (0.47%) HP Fortify
10 7 (0.37%) Control-M
10 7 (0.37%) Microsoft Intune
11 6 (0.32%) Docker Swarm
12 5 (0.26%) logstash
12 5 (0.26%) Nagios
12 5 (0.26%) Puppet
13 4 (0.21%) Nessus
13 4 (0.21%) Nmap
14 3 (0.16%) Rancher
15 2 (0.11%) Red Hat Satellite
Vendors
1 166 (8.76%) Oracle
2 111 (5.85%) Microsoft
3 83 (4.38%) Google
4 46 (2.43%) Splunk
5 36 (1.90%) Guidewire
6 34 (1.79%) Dynatrace
7 32 (1.69%) Databricks
8 29 (1.53%) Atlassian
9 27 (1.42%) MuleSoft
10 24 (1.27%) Informatica
11 23 (1.21%) IBM
12 22 (1.16%) SAP
13 21 (1.11%) ServiceNow
13 21 (1.11%) Talend
14 19 (1.00%) Red Hat
15 18 (0.95%) Okta
16 14 (0.74%) Dell
17 11 (0.58%) Adobe
17 11 (0.58%) Salesforce
18 10 (0.53%) Siemens