PKI Contracts in England

Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI)
UK > England

The table below looks at the prevalence of the term PKI in contract job vacancies in England. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that cited PKI over the 6 months leading up to 1 May 2025, comparing them to the same period in the previous two years.

6 months to
1 May 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 300 178 303
Rank change year-on-year -122 +125 +118
Contract jobs citing PKI 189 487 413
As % of all contract jobs advertised in England 0.78% 1.31% 0.82%
As % of the Miscellaneous category 2.27% 4.25% 2.43%
Number of daily rates quoted 147 339 314
10th Percentile £413 £363 £425
25th Percentile £496 £446 £506
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £575 £550 £600
Median % change year-on-year +4.55% -8.33% +9.09%
75th Percentile £638 £638 £698
90th Percentile £730 £695 £775
UK median daily rate £550 £550 £600
% change year-on-year - -8.33% +9.09%
Number of hourly rates quoted 0 4 5
10th Percentile - - £30.00
25th Percentile - £23.80 £52.50
Median hourly rate - £31.15 £55.00
Median % change year-on-year - -43.36% +4.77%
75th Percentile - £47.06 £66.00
90th Percentile - £59.33 £76.20
UK median hourly rate - £31.15 £59.50
% change year-on-year - -47.65% +6.25%

All Generic Skills
England

PKI falls under the General and Transferable Skills category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring generic IT skills in England.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills 8,317 11,465 17,000
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 34.15% 30.83% 33.69%
Number of daily rates quoted 5,436 7,505 11,795
10th Percentile £300 £263 £313
25th Percentile £413 £413 £450
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £548 £550 £575
Median % change year-on-year -0.36% -4.35% +4.55%
75th Percentile £675 £675 £695
90th Percentile £788 £800 £800
UK median daily rate £525 £538 £550
% change year-on-year -2.33% -2.27% -
Number of hourly rates quoted 327 827 591
10th Percentile £15.84 £12.25 £9.80
25th Percentile £21.01 £15.17 £10.63
Median hourly rate £33.00 £30.16 £22.50
Median % change year-on-year +9.42% +34.04% -16.67%
75th Percentile £64.63 £61.30 £65.00
90th Percentile £84.40 £70.00 £75.00
UK median hourly rate £32.05 £30.00 £22.49
% change year-on-year +6.83% +33.42% -18.24%

PKI
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Job postings citing PKI as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised in England.

Job vacancy trend for PKI in England

PKI
Contractor Daily Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing PKI in England.

Daily rate trend for PKI in England

PKI
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing PKI in England over the 6 months to 1 May 2025.

Daily rate histogram for PKI in England

PKI
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing PKI in England.

Hourly rate trend for PKI in England

PKI
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing PKI within the England region over the 6 months to 1 May 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
London -3 55 £537 -6.61% 36
South West -11 45 £575 +4.55% 11
South East -50 42 £575 -4.96% 28
Midlands -46 19 £425 +13.33% 6
West Midlands -47 19 £425 +13.33% 5
North of England +19 16 £681 +36.25% 18
North West +13 7 £492 -14.43% 16
Yorkshire - 6 £725 - 2
East of England +29 4 £525 -19.23% 7
North East -2 3 £550 +30.02%
PKI
UK

PKI
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities in England by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 31 (16.40%) Microsoft Exchange
2 12 (6.35%) nginx
2 12 (6.35%) Traefik
3 11 (5.82%) Confluence
4 9 (4.76%) SharePoint
4 9 (4.76%) Skype for Business
5 7 (3.70%) IIS
6 4 (2.12%) Apache
6 4 (2.12%) Camunda
7 2 (1.06%) Alfresco
8 1 (0.53%) CMS
Applications
1 12 (6.35%) Microsoft Office
2 1 (0.53%) Microsoft Excel
2 1 (0.53%) Microsoft PowerPoint
Business Applications
1 1 (0.53%) Remedy ITSM
Cloud Services
1 68 (35.98%) AWS
2 48 (25.40%) Azure
3 37 (19.58%) Entra ID
4 20 (10.58%) IaaS
4 20 (10.58%) PaaS
5 16 (8.47%) GCP
5 16 (8.47%) Virtual Private Cloud
6 14 (7.41%) Amazon CloudWatch
6 14 (7.41%) Amazon ECS
6 14 (7.41%) AWS CloudFormation
6 14 (7.41%) AWS Fargate
7 11 (5.82%) Microsoft 365
8 10 (5.29%) SaaS
9 9 (4.76%) OpenShift
10 8 (4.23%) Azure Monitor
11 6 (3.17%) Amazon EC2
11 6 (3.17%) AWS KMS
12 5 (2.65%) Azure DevOps
12 5 (2.65%) Cloud Computing
13 4 (2.12%) Route 53
Communications & Networking
1 77 (40.74%) DNS
2 44 (23.28%) Firewall
3 41 (21.69%) VPN
4 37 (19.58%) DHCP
5 25 (13.23%) SSL
5 25 (13.23%) TCP/IP
6 20 (10.58%) WAN
7 18 (9.52%) SMTP
8 15 (7.94%) BGP
9 14 (7.41%) MPLS
9 14 (7.41%) Network Security
9 14 (7.41%) Skype
10 13 (6.88%) Kerberos
11 12 (6.35%) IPsec
11 12 (6.35%) VSAN
12 9 (4.76%) S/MIME
13 6 (3.17%) HTTPS
13 6 (3.17%) NetScaler
13 6 (3.17%) Unified Communications
13 6 (3.17%) Wireless
Database & Business Intelligence
1 25 (13.23%) MongoDB
2 13 (6.88%) Amazon RDS
3 9 (4.76%) Big Data
3 9 (4.76%) Elasticsearch
3 9 (4.76%) MySQL
3 9 (4.76%) PostgreSQL
4 6 (3.17%) SQL Server
5 5 (2.65%) Relational Database
6 4 (2.12%) NoSQL
7 2 (1.06%) GIS
7 2 (1.06%) Hadoop
7 2 (1.06%) Redis
8 1 (0.53%) Azure SQL Database
8 1 (0.53%) Power BI
Development Applications
1 23 (12.17%) GitLab
2 17 (8.99%) Jenkins
3 11 (5.82%) JIRA
4 5 (2.65%) JUnit
5 4 (2.12%) Bitbucket
6 3 (1.59%) Gradle
6 3 (1.59%) Maven
7 1 (0.53%) Git
General
1 48 (25.40%) Public Sector
2 45 (23.81%) Social Skills
3 15 (7.94%) Analytical Skills
4 11 (5.82%) Military
5 10 (5.29%) Aerospace
6 6 (3.17%) Telecoms
7 2 (1.06%) Inclusion and Diversity
7 2 (1.06%) Manufacturing
7 2 (1.06%) Organisational Skills
8 1 (0.53%) Documentation Skills
8 1 (0.53%) Electronics
8 1 (0.53%) Finance
8 1 (0.53%) Influencing Skills
8 1 (0.53%) Law
8 1 (0.53%) Legal
8 1 (0.53%) Marketing
8 1 (0.53%) Presentation Skills
Job Titles
1 50 (26.46%) Architect
2 34 (17.99%) Senior
3 21 (11.11%) Infrastructure Engineer
3 21 (11.11%) Support Engineer
4 16 (8.47%) DevOps Engineer
5 14 (7.41%) Technical Architect
6 13 (6.88%) Lead
6 13 (6.88%) Senior DevOps
6 13 (6.88%) Solutions Architect
7 12 (6.35%) Network Engineer
8 11 (5.82%) 3rd Line Engineer
8 11 (5.82%) Developer
9 10 (5.29%) Senior Architect
9 10 (5.29%) Senior Technical Architect
10 9 (4.76%) 2nd Line Engineer
10 9 (4.76%) 2nd Line Support
10 9 (4.76%) 2nd Line Support Engineer
10 9 (4.76%) 3rd Line Support
10 9 (4.76%) 3rd Line Support Engineer
10 9 (4.76%) Senior DevOps Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 20 (10.58%) Kafka
2 18 (9.52%) Keycloak
3 17 (8.99%) .NET
4 14 (7.41%) cloud-init
5 10 (5.29%) OAuth
5 10 (5.29%) OpenID
6 8 (4.23%) HTML
6 8 (4.23%) OAuth2
6 8 (4.23%) SOAP
6 8 (4.23%) Spring
6 8 (4.23%) Spring Boot
7 6 (3.17%) JDBC
8 5 (2.65%) AngularJS
8 5 (2.65%) Web Services
8 5 (2.65%) XML
9 4 (2.12%) 802.1X
9 4 (2.12%) Hibernate
9 4 (2.12%) LDAP
9 4 (2.12%) REST
9 4 (2.12%) SAML
Miscellaneous
1 28 (14.81%) Data Centre
2 19 (10.05%) Clustering
3 13 (6.88%) Hybrid Cloud
4 12 (6.35%) Replication
5 11 (5.82%) Algorithms
6 7 (3.70%) Taxonomies
7 5 (2.65%) Management Information System
8 4 (2.12%) Cyber Threat
8 4 (2.12%) Security Posture
9 3 (1.59%) Public Cloud
9 3 (1.59%) Self-Motivation
10 2 (1.06%) Cloud Native
10 2 (1.06%) Cyber Defence
10 2 (1.06%) Video Conferencing
11 1 (0.53%) Blackberry
11 1 (0.53%) CESG
11 1 (0.53%) Cyberattack
11 1 (0.53%) Data Protection Act
11 1 (0.53%) N-Tier
11 1 (0.53%) RSA SecurID
Operating Systems
1 71 (37.57%) Windows
2 55 (29.10%) Windows Server
3 37 (19.58%) Linux
4 15 (7.94%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
4 15 (7.94%) Unix
4 15 (7.94%) Windows 10
4 15 (7.94%) Windows Server 2012
5 14 (7.41%) CentOS
6 13 (6.88%) Windows Server 2003
7 11 (5.82%) Windows Server 2016
8 6 (3.17%) Windows Server 2019
9 3 (1.59%) Oracle Linux
9 3 (1.59%) VMS
10 2 (1.06%) Mac OS
10 2 (1.06%) Solaris
11 1 (0.53%) Android
11 1 (0.53%) Apple iOS
Processes & Methodologies
1 40 (21.16%) CI/CD
2 34 (17.99%) DevOps
3 32 (16.93%) Infrastructure as Code
4 30 (15.87%) Problem-Solving
5 29 (15.34%) Agile
6 28 (14.81%) Cloud Security
6 28 (14.81%) Infrastructure Engineering
6 28 (14.81%) ITIL
7 25 (13.23%) Identity Management
7 25 (13.23%) Microservices
8 24 (12.70%) Continuous Integration
9 23 (12.17%) DevSecOps
9 23 (12.17%) RBAC
10 20 (10.58%) Identity Access Management
11 19 (10.05%) Key Management
11 19 (10.05%) Migration
12 18 (9.52%) Observability
13 16 (8.47%) Mentoring
14 15 (7.94%) Service Management
14 15 (7.94%) Static Application Security Testing
Programming Languages
1 56 (29.63%) PowerShell
2 36 (19.05%) Python
3 20 (10.58%) Java
4 19 (10.05%) SQL
5 14 (7.41%) Bash
5 14 (7.41%) Go
6 13 (6.88%) JavaScript
7 7 (3.70%) Shell Script
8 4 (2.12%) C#
9 3 (1.59%) VB
10 2 (1.06%) VBScript
11 1 (0.53%) Bicep
11 1 (0.53%) Ruby
11 1 (0.53%) T-SQL
Qualifications
1 134 (70.90%) Security Cleared
2 89 (47.09%) SC Cleared
3 49 (25.93%) DV Cleared
4 40 (21.16%) Degree
5 28 (14.81%) Microsoft Certification
6 23 (12.17%) AWS Certification
7 20 (10.58%) MCSE
8 14 (7.41%) VMware Certified Professional (VCP)
9 8 (4.23%) Cisco Certification
9 8 (4.23%) Computer Science Degree
10 6 (3.17%) MCSA
11 5 (2.65%) Azure Certification
11 5 (2.65%) CCIE
12 4 (2.12%) CISSP
12 4 (2.12%) Master's Degree
13 3 (1.59%) CCNA
13 3 (1.59%) CCNP
13 3 (1.59%) CRISC
13 3 (1.59%) PMI Certification
13 3 (1.59%) PMP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 31 (16.40%) NCSC
2 17 (8.99%) NIST
3 11 (5.82%) Cyber Essentials
4 7 (3.70%) ISO/IEC 27001
5 5 (2.65%) GDPR
6 2 (1.06%) FIPS 140-2
6 2 (1.06%) Government Security Classifications
6 2 (1.06%) HMG Security Policy Framework
6 2 (1.06%) NIST 800
6 2 (1.06%) PCI DSS
6 2 (1.06%) SOC 2
7 1 (0.53%) Cyber Essentials PLUS
7 1 (0.53%) Disclosure Scotland
7 1 (0.53%) HIPAA
7 1 (0.53%) JSP 440
7 1 (0.53%) SLA
System Software
1 71 (37.57%) Active Directory
2 37 (19.58%) VMware Infrastructure
3 22 (11.64%) Hyper-V
4 20 (10.58%) Docker
5 17 (8.99%) VMware ESXi
6 13 (6.88%) VMware NSX
7 11 (5.82%) BitLocker
8 10 (5.29%) Microsoft App-V
8 10 (5.29%) Terminal Services
9 9 (4.76%) vSphere
10 6 (3.17%) Microsoft Virtual Server
10 6 (3.17%) Virtual Servers
10 6 (3.17%) XenApp
10 6 (3.17%) XenDesktop
11 5 (2.65%) Virtual Machines
12 3 (1.59%) Apache ZooKeeper
12 3 (1.59%) Virtual Desktop
Systems Management
1 38 (20.11%) Kubernetes
2 30 (15.87%) Terraform
3 19 (10.05%) Ansible
4 18 (9.52%) WSUS
5 16 (8.47%) Istio
6 15 (7.94%) Microsoft Intune
6 15 (7.94%) Rancher
7 14 (7.41%) Consul
7 14 (7.41%) Grafana
7 14 (7.41%) Jamf Pro
7 14 (7.41%) linkerd
7 14 (7.41%) Packer
7 14 (7.41%) Prometheus
7 14 (7.41%) ZABBIX
8 13 (6.88%) HAProxy
8 13 (6.88%) vCenter Server
9 11 (5.82%) Puppet
9 11 (5.82%) Single Sign-On
10 10 (5.29%) SCCM
10 10 (5.29%) vMotion
Vendors
1 79 (41.80%) Microsoft
2 49 (25.93%) VMware
3 20 (10.58%) Cisco
4 18 (9.52%) Palo Alto
5 17 (8.99%) Citrix
6 16 (8.47%) HP
7 15 (7.94%) Google
7 15 (7.94%) Okta
8 14 (7.41%) Splunk
9 13 (6.88%) Apple
10 12 (6.35%) ESET
11 11 (5.82%) Juniper
12 10 (5.29%) ForgeRock
13 9 (4.76%) Symantec
14 7 (3.70%) Atlassian
14 7 (3.70%) Dell
14 7 (3.70%) Ping Identity
15 5 (2.65%) Ericsson
15 5 (2.65%) Fortinet
15 5 (2.65%) Veeam