Job Vacancy Trend Daily Rate Trend Daily Rate Histogram Hourly Rate Trend Hourly Rate Histogram Job Locations Skill Sets
Period
to 24 September 2021

The following table provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for Relational Database skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited Relational Database over the 6 months to 24 September 2021 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

Note that daily and hourly rates are treated separately in these statistics. When calculating contractor rate percentiles, daily rates are never derived from quoted hourly rates or vice versa.

Relational Database
UK > England
6 months to
24 Sep 2021		 Same period 2020 Same period 2019
Rank 138 115 151
Rank change year-on-year -23 +36 -38
Contract jobs citing Relational Database 1,261 569 1,509
As % of all contract jobs advertised in England 1.96% 2.20% 1.86%
As % of the Database & Business Intelligence category 9.05% 9.51% 8.39%
Number of daily rates quoted 853 407 954
10th Percentile £381 £350 £356
25th Percentile £463 £413 £413
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £550 £500 £500
Median % change year-on-year +10.00% - -
75th Percentile £663 £615 £588
90th Percentile £750 £700 £650
UK median daily rate £550 £500 £500
% change year-on-year +10.00% - +3.09%
Number of hourly rates quoted 26 13 28
10th Percentile £27.00 £16.68 £16.67
25th Percentile £45.24 £19.98 £27.65
Median hourly rate £65.50 £21.00 £47.50
Median % change year-on-year +211.90% -55.79% +17.28%
75th Percentile £69.69 £53.75 £53.75
90th Percentile £73.02 £54.75 £60.00
UK median hourly rate £63.00 £21.00 £47.50
% change year-on-year +200.00% -55.79% +17.28%

Relational Database is in the Databases and Business Intelligence category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for database or business intelligence skills.

All Database and Business Intelligence Skills
England
Contract vacancies with a requirement for database or business intelligence skills 13,940 5,986 17,988
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 21.64% 23.16% 22.20%
Number of daily rates quoted 9,836 4,192 12,539
10th Percentile £350 £313 £325
25th Percentile £420 £406 £400
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £525 £500 £475
Median % change year-on-year +5.00% +5.26% -
75th Percentile £625 £600 £575
90th Percentile £713 £688 £663
UK median daily rate £520 £500 £475
% change year-on-year +4.00% +5.26% +0.53%
Number of hourly rates quoted 198 98 229
10th Percentile £13.85 £12.63 £12.45
25th Percentile £20.45 £17.47 £17.00
Median hourly rate £31.00 £23.43 £30.00
Median % change year-on-year +32.31% -21.90% +10.29%
75th Percentile £56.50 £41.50 £51.25
90th Percentile £65.50 £53.83 £60.00
UK median hourly rate £32.00 £23.00 £30.00
% change year-on-year +39.13% -23.33% +13.42%

Relational Database
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Job postings citing Relational Database as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised in England.

Job vacancy trend for Relational Database in England

Relational Database
Contractor Daily Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing Relational Database in England.

Daily rate trend for Relational Database in England

Relational Database
Daily Rate Histogram in England

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing Relational Database in England over the 6 months to 24 September 2021.

Daily rate histogram for Relational Database in England

Relational Database
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend in England

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing Relational Database in England.

Hourly rate trend for Relational Database in England

Relational Database
Hourly Rate Histogram in England

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing Relational Database in England over the 6 months to 24 September 2021.

Hourly rate histogram for Relational Database in England

Relational Database
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing Relational Database within the England region over the 6 months to 24 September 2021. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads		 Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months		 Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Live
Job
Vacancies
London +4 813 £600 +14.29% 210
South East -20 147 £548 +21.67% 61
North of England -105 72 £450 - 74
Midlands -24 62 £458 +14.38% 46
North West -74 54 £440 -2.22% 55
West Midlands -33 40 £475 +18.75% 30
East of England -40 40 £431 -13.80% 34
South West -27 37 £420 -4.55% 40
East Midlands -27 21 £450 +15.68% 16
Yorkshire -45 13 £532 +18.28% 12
North East -11 5 £445 -13.27% 7
Relational Database
UK

For the 6 months to 24 September 2021, IT contractor jobs citing Relational Database also mentioned the following skills in order of popularity. The figures indicate the absolute number co-occurrences and as a proportion of all contract job ads across the England region with a requirement for Relational Database.

1 686 (54.40%) SQL
2 517 (41.00%) Java
3 483 (38.30%) Agile Software Development
4 430 (34.10%) Social Skills
5 391 (31.01%) RDBMS
6 381 (30.21%) Oracle
7 345 (27.36%) Finance
8 313 (24.82%) Python
9 300 (23.79%) AWS
10 278 (22.05%) SQL Server
11 273 (21.65%) JavaScript
12 259 (20.54%) Spring
13 256 (20.30%) Banking
14 247 (19.59%) Azure
15 246 (19.51%) Microservices
16 229 (18.16%) Git (software)
17 219 (17.37%) PostgreSQL
18 213 (16.89%) Linux
19 211 (16.73%) Unix
20 203 (16.10%) Jenkins
21 199 (15.78%) Analytics
22 196 (15.54%) TDD
23 195 (15.46%) C#
23 195 (15.46%) NoSQL
24 190 (15.07%) Docker
25 189 (14.99%) Problem-Solving
26 182 (14.43%) Test Automation
27 177 (14.04%) DevOps
28 176 (13.96%) REST
29 175 (13.88%) Scrum

Relational Database
Co-occurring IT Skills in England by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same job type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 130 (10.31%) Apache Spark
2 61 (4.84%) Confluence
3 60 (4.76%) Mule
4 57 (4.52%) Tomcat
5 44 (3.49%) Elasticsearch
6 43 (3.41%) Apache
7 26 (2.06%) JBoss
8 24 (1.90%) Red Hat Fuse
9 21 (1.67%) Apache Airflow
10 19 (1.51%) Luigi
11 18 (1.43%) WebLogic
12 17 (1.35%) CMS
13 15 (1.19%) IIS
14 14 (1.11%) nginx
14 14 (1.11%) Oracle Coherence
15 13 (1.03%) SharePoint
16 12 (0.95%) Oracle SOA Suite
17 9 (0.71%) GemFire
18 6 (0.48%) SAS
19 5 (0.40%) Documentum
Applications
1 51 (4.04%) Microsoft Excel
2 22 (1.74%) Microsoft Office
3 12 (0.95%) Spreadsheet
4 7 (0.56%) Chatbot
5 2 (0.16%) Microsoft PowerPoint
6 1 (0.079%) Microsoft Project
6 1 (0.079%) MS Visio
6 1 (0.079%) SPSS
6 1 (0.079%) SPSS Modeler
Business Applications
1 36 (2.85%) SunGard Martini
2 8 (0.63%) Maximo
2 8 (0.63%) Sparx Enterprise Architect
3 6 (0.48%) SAP Hybris
4 5 (0.40%) SAP Oil and Gas
5 4 (0.32%) Oracle EBS
6 3 (0.24%) Distributed Ledger
6 3 (0.24%) Dynamics AX
6 3 (0.24%) IBM Planning Analytics
6 3 (0.24%) Markit EDM
6 3 (0.24%) Oracle Applications
6 3 (0.24%) Oracle BPM
6 3 (0.24%) Workfront
7 2 (0.16%) Dynamics CRM
7 2 (0.16%) Oracle EBS R12
7 2 (0.16%) Oracle Financials
7 2 (0.16%) SAP S/4HANA
8 1 (0.079%) Orchestrade
8 1 (0.079%) Siebel CRM
8 1 (0.079%) Towers Watson Igloo
Cloud Services
1 300 (23.79%) AWS
2 247 (19.59%) Azure
3 107 (8.49%) GCP
4 106 (8.41%) Power Platform
5 73 (5.79%) Serverless
6 48 (3.81%) Amazon S3
7 45 (3.57%) Azure Data Factory
8 40 (3.17%) AWS Lambda
9 37 (2.93%) GitHub
10 28 (2.22%) PaaS
11 27 (2.14%) Azure Cosmos DB
12 26 (2.06%) IaaS
12 26 (2.06%) SaaS
13 24 (1.90%) AWS CloudFormation
13 24 (1.90%) OpenShift
14 23 (1.82%) Amazon EC2
15 21 (1.67%) Azure Functions
16 20 (1.59%) Cloud Computing
17 18 (1.43%) Amazon EMR
18 17 (1.35%) npm
Communications & Networking
1 37 (2.93%) HTTP
1 37 (2.93%) TCP/IP
2 28 (2.22%) RTMP
3 18 (1.43%) Firewall
4 15 (1.19%) Internet
4 15 (1.19%) LAN
5 13 (1.03%) VPN
6 10 (0.79%) DNS
7 8 (0.63%) Kerberos
8 7 (0.56%) SSL
9 6 (0.48%) Network Security
10 3 (0.24%) Intranet
11 2 (0.16%) FTP
11 2 (0.16%) InfiniBand
11 2 (0.16%) SMTP
11 2 (0.16%) X.500
12 1 (0.079%) DHCP
12 1 (0.079%) Ethernet
12 1 (0.079%) POP3
12 1 (0.079%) SMS
Database & Business Intelligence
1 391 (31.01%) RDBMS
2 278 (22.05%) SQL Server
3 219 (17.37%) PostgreSQL
4 195 (15.46%) NoSQL
5 159 (12.61%) MySQL
6 157 (12.45%) Data Warehouse
7 153 (12.13%) Big Data
8 134 (10.63%) Oracle Database
9 117 (9.28%) Hadoop
10 99 (7.85%) Power BI
11 95 (7.53%) MongoDB
12 75 (5.95%) Oracle Database 12c
13 70 (5.55%) Tableau
14 69 (5.47%) Apache Hive
15 68 (5.39%) Data Lake
16 64 (5.08%) Apache Cassandra
17 50 (3.97%) Metadata
18 43 (3.41%) SQL Server Integration Services
19 39 (3.09%) BigQuery
20 38 (3.01%) Redis
Development Applications
1 229 (18.16%) Git (software)
2 203 (16.10%) Jenkins
3 146 (11.58%) JIRA
4 116 (9.20%) Subversion
5 113 (8.96%) Maven
6 79 (6.26%) JUnit
7 64 (5.08%) TeamCity
8 59 (4.68%) Visual Studio
9 58 (4.60%) Bitbucket
10 50 (3.97%) Artifactory
11 44 (3.49%) Oracle APEX
12 39 (3.09%) Cucumber
12 39 (3.09%) Selenium
13 35 (2.78%) CppUnit
14 31 (2.46%) Sonatype Nexus
15 27 (2.14%) IntelliJ
16 26 (2.06%) Robot Framework
17 24 (1.90%) JMeter
18 23 (1.82%) Gradle
19 22 (1.74%) Hudson
General
1 430 (34.10%) Social Skills
2 345 (27.36%) Finance
3 256 (20.30%) Banking
4 167 (13.24%) Analytical Skills
5 152 (12.05%) Investment Banking
6 134 (10.63%) Front Office
7 72 (5.71%) Public Sector
8 49 (3.89%) Presentation Skills
9 32 (2.54%) Documentation Skills
10 28 (2.22%) Marketing
11 25 (1.98%) Retail
12 18 (1.43%) Back Office
13 16 (1.27%) Telecoms
14 15 (1.19%) Retail Banking
15 13 (1.03%) Organisational Skills
16 12 (0.95%) Electronics
17 10 (0.79%) Games
17 10 (0.79%) Influencing Skills
17 10 (0.79%) Manufacturing
18 9 (0.71%) Law
Job Titles
1 618 (49.01%) Developer
2 216 (17.13%) Java Developer
3 131 (10.39%) Data Engineer
4 108 (8.56%) Analyst
5 102 (8.09%) Architect
6 95 (7.53%) Senior Developer
7 56 (4.44%) Integration Developer
8 54 (4.28%) Full Stack Developer
9 49 (3.89%) Python Developer
10 45 (3.57%) C# Developer
11 44 (3.49%) Solutions Architect
12 40 (3.17%) Senior Java Developer
13 39 (3.09%) Software Engineer
13 39 (3.09%) SQL Developer
14 38 (3.01%) C++ Developer
14 38 (3.01%) DBA
15 37 (2.93%) .NET Developer
16 35 (2.78%) JavaScript Developer
17 34 (2.70%) Investment Banking C++ Developer
18 33 (2.62%) Data Architect
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 259 (20.54%) Spring
2 176 (13.96%) REST
3 167 (13.24%) .NET
4 166 (13.16%) HTML
5 152 (12.05%) AngularJS
5 152 (12.05%) XML
6 146 (11.58%) Web Services
7 138 (10.94%) CSS
8 136 (10.79%) React
9 124 (9.83%) JSON
10 114 (9.04%) Kafka
11 112 (8.88%) Node.js
12 108 (8.56%) RESTful
13 103 (8.17%) Spring Boot
14 80 (6.34%) Apache Camel
15 77 (6.11%) Middleware
16 76 (6.03%) HTML5
16 76 (6.03%) J2EE
17 60 (4.76%) JTA
17 60 (4.76%) JTS
Miscellaneous
1 80 (6.34%) Data Structures
2 55 (4.36%) Management Information System
3 44 (3.49%) Fixed Income
4 42 (3.33%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
5 36 (2.85%) Client/Server
6 33 (2.62%) Enterprise Software
7 32 (2.54%) Algorithms
8 29 (2.30%) Replication
9 27 (2.14%) Self-Motivation
9 27 (2.14%) User Experience
10 26 (2.06%) Data Protection Act
10 26 (2.06%) Reference Data
11 23 (1.82%) NHS
12 22 (1.74%) Derivative
13 19 (1.51%) Data Centre
13 19 (1.51%) Legacy Systems
14 18 (1.43%) Clustering
15 16 (1.27%) Cloud Native
15 16 (1.27%) Credit Risk
16 14 (1.11%) N-Tier
Operating Systems
1 213 (16.89%) Linux
2 211 (16.73%) Unix
3 155 (12.29%) Windows
4 27 (2.14%) Windows Server
5 12 (0.95%) Windows Server 2016
6 9 (0.71%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
6 9 (0.71%) Windows Server 2012
7 7 (0.56%) Mac OS X
8 6 (0.48%) Solaris
9 5 (0.40%) Android
10 4 (0.32%) Apple iOS
10 4 (0.32%) Windows Server 2008
11 3 (0.24%) AIX
12 2 (0.16%) VMS
13 1 (0.079%) Debian
13 1 (0.079%) HPUX
13 1 (0.079%) Oracle Linux
13 1 (0.079%) Ubuntu
Processes & Methodologies
1 483 (38.30%) Agile Software Development
2 246 (19.51%) Microservices
3 199 (15.78%) Analytics
4 196 (15.54%) TDD
5 189 (14.99%) Problem-Solving
6 182 (14.43%) Test Automation
7 177 (14.04%) DevOps
8 175 (13.88%) Scrum
9 165 (13.08%) ETL
10 158 (12.53%) Business Intelligence
11 141 (11.18%) Continuous Integration
12 140 (11.10%) Data Modelling
13 139 (11.02%) OO
14 126 (9.99%) SDLC
15 121 (9.60%) Software Engineering
16 101 (8.01%) BDD
17 97 (7.69%) Full Stack Development
18 90 (7.14%) Data Pipeline
19 88 (6.98%) Workflow
20 85 (6.74%) Migration
Programming Languages
1 686 (54.40%) SQL
2 517 (41.00%) Java
3 313 (24.82%) Python
4 273 (21.65%) JavaScript
5 195 (15.46%) C#
6 91 (7.22%) Scala
7 89 (7.06%) Java 8
8 87 (6.90%) C++
9 78 (6.19%) TypeScript
10 62 (4.92%) PL/SQL
11 51 (4.04%) Shell Script
12 47 (3.73%) R
12 47 (3.73%) T-SQL
13 40 (3.17%) Perl
14 35 (2.78%) Groovy
15 33 (2.62%) Java 11
16 32 (2.54%) PowerShell
17 31 (2.46%) PHP
18 30 (2.38%) VBA
19 28 (2.22%) Kotlin
Qualifications
1 107 (8.49%) Degree
2 99 (7.85%) Security Cleared
3 68 (5.39%) SC Cleared
4 26 (2.06%) Computer Science Degree
5 12 (0.95%) BPSS Clearance
6 9 (0.71%) ISTQB
6 9 (0.71%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
6 9 (0.71%) Master's Degree
7 8 (0.63%) Numerate Degree
7 8 (0.63%) OCP
7 8 (0.63%) Oracle Certification
8 7 (0.56%) OCPJP
8 7 (0.56%) Sun Certification
9 6 (0.48%) ISEB
10 4 (0.32%) GIAC
11 3 (0.24%) CEH
11 3 (0.24%) CISA
11 3 (0.24%) DV Cleared
11 3 (0.24%) OSCE
11 3 (0.24%) OSCP
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 45 (3.57%) Data Quality
2 36 (2.85%) QA
3 19 (1.51%) GDPR
4 15 (1.19%) Accessibility
5 6 (0.48%) Sarbanes-Oxley
6 4 (0.32%) Dodd-Frank
6 4 (0.32%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 4 (0.32%) NIST
7 3 (0.24%) Basel II
7 3 (0.24%) Disclosure Scotland
7 3 (0.24%) HL7
8 2 (0.16%) Dublin Core
System Software
1 190 (15.07%) Docker
2 33 (2.62%) HDFS
3 21 (1.67%) Active Directory
4 15 (1.19%) Apache ZooKeeper
5 13 (1.03%) Oracle RAC
6 3 (0.24%) Postfix
6 3 (0.24%) VMware Infrastructure
7 2 (0.16%) Apache Flume
7 2 (0.16%) VMware ESXi
8 1 (0.079%) Firmware
8 1 (0.079%) Hyper-V
8 1 (0.079%) Shibboleth
8 1 (0.079%) Virtual Machines
8 1 (0.079%) Virtual Servers
Systems Management
1 149 (11.82%) Kubernetes
2 68 (5.39%) Ansible
3 66 (5.23%) Terraform
4 23 (1.82%) BladeLogic
5 22 (1.74%) Prometheus
6 20 (1.59%) Grafana
6 20 (1.59%) Kibana
7 19 (1.51%) Data Guard
7 19 (1.51%) logstash
8 18 (1.43%) Single Sign-On
9 14 (1.11%) Oozie
10 12 (0.95%) Oracle RMAN
10 12 (0.95%) Rancher
11 11 (0.87%) Istio
12 10 (0.79%) Puppet
13 9 (0.71%) Graphite
13 9 (0.71%) ITRS Geneos
14 8 (0.63%) Control-M
14 8 (0.63%) Docker Swarm
14 8 (0.63%) Oracle Enterprise Manager
Vendors
1 381 (30.21%) Oracle
2 141 (11.18%) Microsoft
3 55 (4.36%) Google
4 49 (3.89%) Databricks
5 48 (3.81%) Sybase
6 39 (3.09%) SAP
7 36 (2.85%) FIS
7 36 (2.85%) SunGard
8 29 (2.30%) Cloudera
9 28 (2.22%) IBM
10 26 (2.06%) Salesforce.com
11 25 (1.98%) Splunk
12 24 (1.90%) Murex
13 23 (1.82%) Informatica
14 19 (1.51%) Teradata
14 19 (1.51%) TIBCO
15 17 (1.35%) Talend
16 16 (1.27%) Alteryx
17 13 (1.03%) MuleSoft
18 12 (0.95%) Dynatrace