JPA Contracts

The following table provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies with a requirement for JPA skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited JPA over the 3 months to 26 June 2017 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

Note that daily and hourly rates are treated separately in these statistics. When calculating contractor rate percentiles, daily rates are never derived from quoted hourly rates or vice versa.

Java Persistence API (JPA) UK
Location	3 months to 26 Jun 2017	Same period 2016	Same period 2015
Rank	464	505	479
Rank change year-on-year	+41	-26
Contract jobs citing JPA	143	146	162
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK	0.30%	0.28%	0.29%
As % of the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category	0.95%	0.97%	1.05%
Number of daily rates quoted	104	101	109
Median daily rate	£447	£450	£388
Median daily rate % change year-on-year	-0.66%	+16.12%
90% offered a daily rate of more than	£360	£340	£280
10% offered a daily rate of more than	£575	£525	£500
UK excluding London median daily rate	£421	£440	£375
% change year-on-year	-4.43%	+17.33%
Number of hourly rates quoted	5	2	1
Median hourly rate	£52.50	£36.00	£40.00
Median hourly rate % change year-on-year	+45.83%	-10.00%
UK excluding London median hourly rate	£52.50	£36.00	£40.00
% change year-on-year	+45.83%	-10.00%

JPA is in the industry standards, technical specifications and software library and framework skills category. The next table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies with a requirement for industry standards, technical specifications and software library and framework skills.

Contract Software Library & Framework Skills UK
Contract job vacancies with a requirement for industry standards, technical specifications and software library and framework skills	15051	15100	15398
As % of all contract IT job vacancies advertised in the UK	32.01%	28.45%	27.53%
Number of daily rates quoted	10395	10636	10284
Median daily rate	£425	£420	£388
Median daily rate % change year-on-year	+1.19%	+8.38%
90% offered a daily rate of more than	£315	£300	£285
10% offered a daily rate of more than	£580	£550	£550
UK excluding London median daily rate	£400	£375	£350
% change year-on-year	+6.66%	+7.14%
Number of hourly rates quoted	196	180	213
Median hourly rate	£42.50	£36.00	£37.45
Median hourly rate % change year-on-year	+18.05%	-3.87%
90% offered a hourly rate of more than	£21.00	£18.80	£17.86
10% offered a hourly rate of more than	£55.00	£50.00	£55.00
UK excluding London median hourly rate	£42.50	£36.00	£40.00
% change year-on-year	+18.05%	-10.00%

JPA
Job Vacancy Trend

The job posting trend of jobs advertised citing JPA as a proportion of all contract or permanent IT jobs with a match in the Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards category.

JPA
Contractor Daily Rate Trend

This chart provides the 3-month moving average for daily rates quoted in contract jobs citing JPA.

Contractor daily rate trend for JPA in the UK

JPA
Contractor Daily Rate Histogram

The daily rate distribution of IT jobs citing JPA over the 3 months to 26 June 2017.

Contractor daily rate histogram for JPA in the UK

JPA
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend

This chart provides the 3-month moving average for contractor hourly rates quoted in IT jobs citing JPA.

Contractor hourly rate trend for JPA in the UK

JPA
Top 30 Contract Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing JPA within the UK over the 3 months to 26 June 2017. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 3 month period last year.

Location	Rank Change on Same Period Last Year	Matching Contract IT Job Ads	Median Daily Rate Last 3 Months	Median Daily Rate % Change on Same Period Last Year	Live Job Vacancies
England	+41	131	£450	-	46
London	-18	43	£550	+22.22%	16
South West	+24	23	£420	+8.38%	8
East of England	+9	21	£472	+11.05%	7
Somerset	-	16	£425	-	1
North West	+36	14	£425	-	9
Essex	-8	11	£447	-	4
South East	+25	10	£500	-	1
City of London	0	10	£500	-	2
East Midlands	-14	10	£405	+20.00%
Northern Ireland	-	8	£413	-
County Antrim	-	8	£413	-
Cheshire	-	8	£405	-	2
West Sussex	-	7	£525	-
Belfast	-	7	£413	-
Southend-on-Sea	-	7	£447	-
Bath	-	7	£425	-	1
Worthing	-	7	£525	-
Knutsford	-	6	£394	-	1
Bedfordshire	-	6	£525	-	1
Derbyshire	-15	5	£425	+25.92%
Cambridge	+4	4	-	-	2
Cambridgeshire	+2	4	-	-	2
West Midlands	-	4	£400	-	1
Manchester	-	4	£469	-	5
Berkshire	+22	3	£394	+8.55%
Scotland	+20	3	£325	-7.14%
Yorkshire	+11	3	£363	-19.44%	4
Gloucestershire	+6	3	£420	+8.38%	5
Edinburgh	+3	3	£325	-7.14%

JPA
Top 30 Co-occurring IT Skills

For the 6 months to 26 June 2017, IT contractor jobs citing JPA also mentioned the following skills in order of popularity. The figures indicate the number co-occurrences and its proportion to all contract ads with a requirement for JPA.

1	335 (98.82%)	Java
2	283 (83.48%)	Spring
3	260 (76.70%)	Hibernate
4	198 (58.41%)	Agile Software Development
5	158 (46.61%)	Web Services
6	154 (45.43%)	Oracle
7	145 (42.77%)	SQL
8	135 (39.82%)	XML
9	134 (39.53%)	REST
10	131 (38.64%)	TDD
11	127 (37.46%)	Continuous Integration
12	122 (35.99%)	Git (software)
13	116 (34.22%)	SOAP
14	115 (33.92%)	Java EE
15	108 (31.86%)	JavaScript

16	107 (31.56%)	Jenkins
17	102 (30.09%)	J2EE
18	100 (29.50%)	Maven
19	97 (28.61%)	MVC
20	96 (28.32%)	JUnit
21	95 (28.02%)	HTML
22	81 (23.89%)	Scrum
23	80 (23.60%)	Relational Database
24	79 (23.30%)	Finance
25	77 (22.71%)	JBoss
26	76 (22.42%)	Linux
27	72 (21.24%)	OO
27	72 (21.24%)	JSON
28	71 (20.94%)	Unit Testing
29	70 (20.65%)	Test Automation

JPA
Co-occurring IT Skills by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same job type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
Business Applications
Cloud Services
Communications & Networking
Database & Business Intelligence
Development Applications
General
Job Titles
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
Miscellaneous
Operating Systems
Processes & Methodologies
Programming Languages
Qualifications
Quality Assurance & Compliance
System Software
Systems Management
Vendors

Application Platforms
1	77 (22.71%)	JBoss
2	63 (18.58%)	WebLogic
3	46 (13.57%)	Tomcat
4	43 (12.68%)	Oracle SOA Suite
5	34 (10.03%)	WebSphere
6	22 (6.49%)	Mule
7	21 (6.19%)	Confluence
8	11 (3.24%)	Apache
9	10 (2.95%)	Mule ESB
10	9 (2.65%)	GlassFish
10	9 (2.65%)	Oracle Workflow
11	7 (2.06%)	Jetty
11	7 (2.06%)	WebSphere Application Server
12	6 (1.77%)	Oracle Coherence
13	4 (1.18%)	WebSphere Process Server
14	3 (0.88%)	WebLogic Integration
14	3 (0.88%)	WebLogic Portal
15	2 (0.59%)	Oracle Application Server
15	2 (0.59%)	Oracle Service Bus
15	2 (0.59%)	WildFly

Business Applications
1	22 (6.49%)	Oracle BPM
2	13 (3.83%)	SAP Oil and Gas
3	9 (2.65%)	SAP Hybris
4	6 (1.77%)	Payment Gateway
4	6 (1.77%)	Unica
5	2 (0.59%)	Global One
5	2 (0.59%)	SunGard Martini
6	1 (0.29%)	Actimize
6	1 (0.29%)	IBM Operational Decision Manager
6	1 (0.29%)	Loan IQ

Cloud Services
1	27 (7.96%)	Amazon AWS
2	9 (2.65%)	Amazon EC2
2	9 (2.65%)	Virtual Private Cloud
3	6 (1.77%)	PaaS
3	6 (1.77%)	Silverpop
4	5 (1.47%)	OpenShift
5	4 (1.18%)	Cloud Computing
5	4 (1.18%)	IaaS
6	3 (0.88%)	Bluemix
6	3 (0.88%)	IBM Cloud
6	3 (0.88%)	Microsoft Azure
7	2 (0.59%)	Heroku
8	1 (0.29%)	AWS Lambda
8	1 (0.29%)	Firebase
8	1 (0.29%)	G Suite
8	1 (0.29%)	GitHub
8	1 (0.29%)	Google App Engine
8	1 (0.29%)	Google Cloud Platform
8	1 (0.29%)	Twilio

Communications & Networking
1	18 (5.31%)	HTTP
2	17 (5.01%)	LDAP
3	3 (0.88%)	TCP/IP
4	2 (0.59%)	SMTP
5	1 (0.29%)	CTI
5	1 (0.29%)	Firewall
5	1 (0.29%)	HTTPS
5	1 (0.29%)	Internet
5	1 (0.29%)	Intranet
5	1 (0.29%)	Network Security
5	1 (0.29%)	Skype
5	1 (0.29%)	SMS

Database & Business Intelligence
1	80 (23.60%)	Relational Database
2	61 (17.99%)	Oracle Database
3	40 (11.80%)	MongoDB
4	39 (11.50%)	MySQL
5	37 (10.91%)	RDBMS
6	29 (8.55%)	Oracle Database 11g
6	29 (8.55%)	SQL Server
7	26 (7.67%)	NoSQL
8	23 (6.78%)	Oracle Database 10g
9	19 (5.60%)	MariaDB
9	19 (5.60%)	Oracle Database 12c
10	16 (4.72%)	PostgreSQL
11	11 (3.24%)	DB2
12	10 (2.95%)	Endeca
13	6 (1.77%)	Big Data
13	6 (1.77%)	Redis
14	4 (1.18%)	GIS
15	3 (0.88%)	Hazelcast
16	2 (0.59%)	Enterprise Data Warehouse
16	2 (0.59%)	Oracle Exadata

Development Applications
1	122 (35.99%)	Git (software)
2	107 (31.56%)	Jenkins
3	100 (29.50%)	Maven
4	96 (28.32%)	JUnit
5	61 (17.99%)	JIRA
6	59 (17.40%)	Mockito
7	49 (14.45%)	Subversion
8	42 (12.39%)	Eclipse
9	31 (9.14%)	Gradle
10	27 (7.96%)	IntelliJ
11	25 (7.37%)	Atlassian Bamboo
12	19 (5.60%)	JProfiler
13	17 (5.01%)	Selenium
13	17 (5.01%)	SonarQube
14	16 (4.72%)	Cucumber
15	13 (3.83%)	Ant
16	12 (3.54%)	Hudson
17	11 (3.24%)	Mercurial
18	10 (2.95%)	SoapUI
19	7 (2.06%)	Talend Open Studio

General
1	79 (23.30%)	Finance
2	55 (16.22%)	Banking
3	21 (6.19%)	Marketing
4	14 (4.13%)	Retail
4	14 (4.13%)	Telecoms
5	13 (3.83%)	Electronics
5	13 (3.83%)	Manufacturing
6	9 (2.65%)	Investment Banking
7	7 (2.06%)	Games
8	2 (0.59%)	Legal
8	2 (0.59%)	Multimedia
8	2 (0.59%)	Prime Brokerage
8	2 (0.59%)	Wholesale Banking
9	1 (0.29%)	Automotive
9	1 (0.29%)	Billing
9	1 (0.29%)	Financial Institution
9	1 (0.29%)	Publishing
9	1 (0.29%)	Retail Banking

Job Titles
1	277 (81.71%)	Developer
2	245 (72.27%)	Java Developer
3	44 (12.98%)	Senior Developer
4	33 (9.73%)	Architect
4	33 (9.73%)	Senior Java Developer
5	23 (6.78%)	Java Engineer
6	22 (6.49%)	Full Stack Developer
7	21 (6.19%)	Solutions Architect
8	14 (4.13%)	J2EE Developer
8	14 (4.13%)	Java/J2EE Developer
9	13 (3.83%)	Agile Developer
9	13 (3.83%)	Agile Java Developer
10	12 (3.54%)	Software Engineer
11	11 (3.24%)	Digital Developer
11	11 (3.24%)	E-Commerce Architect
11	11 (3.24%)	Java Software Engineer
12	10 (2.95%)	E-Commerce Solution Architect
12	10 (2.95%)	Endeca Developer
12	10 (2.95%)	Java Architect
13	9 (2.65%)	Lead Developer

Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1	283 (83.48%)	Spring
2	260 (76.70%)	Hibernate
3	158 (46.61%)	Web Services
4	135 (39.82%)	XML
5	134 (39.53%)	REST
6	116 (34.22%)	SOAP
7	115 (33.92%)	Java EE
8	102 (30.09%)	J2EE
9	95 (28.02%)	HTML
10	72 (21.24%)	JSON
11	70 (20.65%)	CSS
12	67 (19.76%)	JMS
13	62 (18.29%)	RESTful
14	60 (17.70%)	Spring Boot
15	59 (17.40%)	Spring MVC
16	56 (16.52%)	AngularJS
17	50 (14.75%)	EJB
18	47 (13.86%)	XSLT
19	44 (12.98%)	EclipseLink
20	38 (11.21%)	XSD

Miscellaneous
1	39 (11.50%)	Enterprise Software
2	18 (5.31%)	Analytical Skills
3	17 (5.01%)	Computer Science
4	14 (4.13%)	Greenfield Project
4	14 (4.13%)	User Experience
5	10 (2.95%)	Virtual Team
6	7 (2.06%)	Data Structures
6	7 (2.06%)	Foreign Exchange (FX)
7	5 (1.47%)	Client/Server
7	5 (1.47%)	Mobile App
8	4 (1.18%)	Clustering
9	3 (0.88%)	Algorithms
9	3 (0.88%)	DataPower
9	3 (0.88%)	Derivative
9	3 (0.88%)	iPad
10	2 (0.59%)	Credit Risk
10	2 (0.59%)	iSeries
10	2 (0.59%)	Market Risk
10	2 (0.59%)	Replication
11	1 (0.29%)	Equities

Operating Systems
1	76 (22.42%)	Linux
2	61 (17.99%)	Unix
3	20 (5.90%)	Mac OS X
4	8 (2.36%)	Windows
5	6 (1.77%)	Android
6	5 (1.47%)	Apple iOS
6	5 (1.47%)	Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7	3 (0.88%)	Solaris
8	1 (0.29%)	Mac OS
8	1 (0.29%)	Oracle Linux
8	1 (0.29%)	Windows Server

Processes & Methodologies
1	198 (58.41%)	Agile Software Development
2	131 (38.64%)	TDD
3	127 (37.46%)	Continuous Integration
4	97 (28.61%)	MVC
5	81 (23.89%)	Scrum
6	72 (21.24%)	OO
7	71 (20.94%)	Unit Testing
8	70 (20.65%)	Test Automation
9	60 (17.70%)	SOA
10	54 (15.93%)	Microservices
11	53 (15.63%)	SDLC
12	48 (14.16%)	BDD
12	48 (14.16%)	Data Modelling
13	45 (13.27%)	Software Engineering
14	31 (9.14%)	DevOps
15	28 (8.26%)	Integration Testing
16	25 (7.37%)	Workflow
17	24 (7.08%)	Web Development
18	23 (6.78%)	Event-Driven Architecture
19	22 (6.49%)	UML

Programming Languages
1	335 (98.82%)	Java
2	145 (42.77%)	SQL
3	108 (31.86%)	JavaScript
4	69 (20.35%)	PL/SQL
5	19 (5.60%)	Bash Shell
6	13 (3.83%)	C++
6	13 (3.83%)	Perl
6	13 (3.83%)	Python
6	13 (3.83%)	Shell Script
7	11 (3.24%)	C
8	10 (2.95%)	Assembly Language
8	10 (2.95%)	Scala
9	9 (2.65%)	TypeScript
10	7 (2.06%)	Groovy
11	6 (1.77%)	PHP
12	3 (0.88%)	ES6
13	2 (0.59%)	C#
13	2 (0.59%)	Ruby
13	2 (0.59%)	T-SQL
13	2 (0.59%)	VB.NET

Qualifications
1	34 (10.03%)	Security Cleared
2	23 (6.78%)	SC Cleared
3	12 (3.54%)	Degree
4	7 (2.06%)	DV Cleared
5	6 (1.77%)	Sun Certification
6	3 (0.88%)	Master's Degree
7	2 (0.59%)	BPSS Clearance
7	2 (0.59%)	Computer Science Degree
8	1 (0.29%)	OCPJP

Quality Assurance & Compliance
1	17 (5.01%)	QA
2	1 (0.29%)	Disclosure Scotland
2	1 (0.29%)	FATCA

System Software
1	12 (3.54%)	Docker
2	2 (0.59%)	Active Directory
2	2 (0.59%)	Virtual Machines
3	1 (0.29%)	HDFS

Systems Management
1	11 (3.24%)	Ansible
2	6 (1.77%)	Puppet
3	4 (1.18%)	Opscode Chef
4	3 (0.88%)	Control-M
5	2 (0.59%)	BladeLogic
5	2 (0.59%)	Kubernetes
5	2 (0.59%)	OpenAM
5	2 (0.59%)	OpenIDM
6	1 (0.29%)	Business Desktop Deployment
6	1 (0.29%)	Hadoop YARN

Vendors
1	154 (45.43%)	Oracle
2	23 (6.78%)	SAP
3	22 (6.49%)	IBM
4	19 (5.60%)	Perforce
5	16 (4.72%)	Red Hat
6	10 (2.95%)	hybris
7	7 (2.06%)	Talend
8	6 (1.77%)	Pega
8	6 (1.77%)	Sybase
8	6 (1.77%)	Zend
9	5 (1.47%)	Luciad
10	4 (1.18%)	Atlassian
10	4 (1.18%)	Google
10	4 (1.18%)	Microsoft
11	3 (0.88%)	Kony
12	2 (0.59%)	Adobe
12	2 (0.59%)	ForgeRock
12	2 (0.59%)	Salesforce.com
12	2 (0.59%)	Sencha
12	2 (0.59%)	Solace