Large Language Model (LLM)
UK

The following table provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies with a requirement for LLM skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited LLM over the 6 months to 27 April 2024 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

6 months to
27 Apr 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 513 718 -
Rank change year-on-year +205 - -
Contract jobs citing LLM 85 1 0
As % of all contract jobs advertised in the UK 0.20% 0.002% -
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 0.23% 0.002% -
Number of daily rates quoted 52 1 0
10th Percentile £400 - -
25th Percentile £463 £663 -
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £600 £675 -
Median % change year-on-year -11.11% - -
75th Percentile £638 £688 -
90th Percentile £836 - -
UK excluding London median daily rate £650 - -

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

LLM is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 37,374 53,774 80,482
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 86.31% 89.91% 90.60%
Number of daily rates quoted 24,095 37,304 56,474
10th Percentile £300 £325 £340
25th Percentile £413 £438 £425
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £525 £550 £525
Median % change year-on-year -4.55% +4.76% +8.25%
75th Percentile £638 £650 £638
90th Percentile £750 £750 £738
UK excluding London median daily rate £500 £500 £475
% change year-on-year - +5.26% +9.20%
Number of hourly rates quoted 2,422 1,763 1,928
10th Percentile £12.75 £11.00 £12.50
25th Percentile £16.00 £16.25 £15.25
Median hourly rate £35.00 £37.34 £25.00
Median % change year-on-year -6.27% +49.36% -
75th Percentile £59.44 £65.00 £49.25
90th Percentile £72.50 £75.00 £63.75
UK excluding London median hourly rate £36.00 £36.00 £20.00
% change year-on-year - +80.00% -8.17%

LLM
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing LLM as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for LLM in the UK

LLM
Contractor Daily Rate Trend

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing LLM.

Daily rate trend for LLM in the UK

LLM
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing LLM over the 6 months to 27 April 2024.

Daily rate histogram for LLM in the UK

LLM
Top 9 Contract Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing LLM within the UK over the 6 months to 27 April 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +195 68 £575 -14.81% 149
London +152 52 £575 -14.81% 103
Work from Home +165 35 £600 -11.11% 70
UK excluding London - 7 £650 - 37
North of England - 4 - - 7
Yorkshire - 3 - -
South East - 2 £650 - 20
South West - 1 - - 3
North East - 1 - - 2

LLM
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 2 (2.35%) Apache Spark
1 2 (2.35%) Confluence
2 1 (1.18%) Apache Airflow
2 1 (1.18%) Cloud Foundry
2 1 (1.18%) SharePoint
Applications
1 3 (3.53%) MS Visio
2 2 (2.35%) Chatbot
2 2 (2.35%) Microsoft Office
Cloud Services
1 34 (40.00%) AWS
2 16 (18.82%) Azure
3 11 (12.94%) Cloud Computing
4 10 (11.76%) GCP
5 6 (7.06%) Azure Cognitive Services
5 6 (7.06%) Vertex AI
6 4 (4.71%) AWS Lambda
6 4 (4.71%) ChatGPT
6 4 (4.71%) Serverless
7 3 (3.53%) Azure Data Factory
7 3 (3.53%) Azure DevOps
7 3 (3.53%) Lucidchart
7 3 (3.53%) Power Platform
8 2 (2.35%) Amazon SageMaker
8 2 (2.35%) Azure Cognitive Search
8 2 (2.35%) Microsoft 365
8 2 (2.35%) SaaS
8 2 (2.35%) Slack
8 2 (2.35%) WhatsApp
9 1 (1.18%) PaaS
Communications & Networking
1 1 (1.18%) VPN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 20 (23.53%) NoSQL
2 6 (7.06%) Relational Database
3 4 (4.71%) Big Data
3 4 (4.71%) Bigtable
3 4 (4.71%) Cloud Spanner
3 4 (4.71%) Data Mining
4 3 (3.53%) Data Warehouse
4 3 (3.53%) Power BI
5 2 (2.35%) Data Lake
5 2 (2.35%) MySQL
5 2 (2.35%) PostgreSQL
5 2 (2.35%) SQL Server
5 2 (2.35%) Tableau
6 1 (1.18%) DynamoDB
6 1 (1.18%) Hadoop
6 1 (1.18%) MongoDB
6 1 (1.18%) Neo4j
6 1 (1.18%) Pinecone
6 1 (1.18%) SAP HANA
Development Applications
1 4 (4.71%) Git
2 2 (2.35%) JIRA
3 1 (1.18%) Bitbucket
3 1 (1.18%) CircleCI
3 1 (1.18%) MLflow
General
1 14 (16.47%) Finance
2 13 (15.29%) Social Skills
3 8 (9.41%) Public Sector
4 5 (5.88%) Analytical Skills
4 5 (5.88%) Telecoms
5 4 (4.71%) Banking
5 4 (4.71%) Electronics
5 4 (4.71%) Financial Institution
5 4 (4.71%) Manufacturing
5 4 (4.71%) Marketing
6 3 (3.53%) Health Technology
6 3 (3.53%) Presentation Skills
6 3 (3.53%) Retail
7 2 (2.35%) Pharmaceutical
8 1 (1.18%) Hungarian Language
Job Titles
1 25 (29.41%) Developer
2 13 (15.29%) Artificial Intelligence Engineer
2 13 (15.29%) Senior
3 12 (14.12%) Software Developer
4 11 (12.94%) Data Scientist
4 11 (12.94%) Python Developer
5 10 (11.76%) Architect
6 6 (7.06%) Data Engineer
6 6 (7.06%) Software Engineer
7 5 (5.88%) AWS Developer
7 5 (5.88%) Azure Engineer
7 5 (5.88%) Machine Learning Engineer
8 4 (4.71%) Full Stack Developer
8 4 (4.71%) GCP Architect
8 4 (4.71%) Lead
8 4 (4.71%) Support Engineer
9 3 (3.53%) .NET Architect
9 3 (3.53%) Lead Java Engineer
9 3 (3.53%) Senior Software Engineer
9 3 (3.53%) Software Architect
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 21 (24.71%) RESTful
2 16 (18.82%) PyTorch
3 15 (17.65%) FastAPI
3 15 (17.65%) TensorFlow
4 11 (12.94%) WebSockets
5 8 (9.41%) LangChain
6 7 (8.24%) .NET
6 7 (8.24%) Kafka
7 6 (7.06%) CSS
7 6 (7.06%) Hugging Face
7 6 (7.06%) React
7 6 (7.06%) scikit-learn
8 5 (5.88%) REST
9 3 (3.53%) .NET Core
9 3 (3.53%) AngularJS
9 3 (3.53%) PySpark
10 2 (2.35%) HTML
11 1 (1.18%) .NET Framework
11 1 (1.18%) Django
11 1 (1.18%) jQuery
Miscellaneous
1 7 (8.24%) Algorithms
1 7 (8.24%) Distributed Systems
2 4 (4.71%) Distributed Computing
2 4 (4.71%) Public Cloud
3 3 (3.53%) Greenfield Project
3 3 (3.53%) Life Science
3 3 (3.53%) Team-Oriented Environment
4 2 (2.35%) Renewable Energy
5 1 (1.18%) Cloud Native
5 1 (1.18%) Data Fabric
5 1 (1.18%) Data Protection Act
5 1 (1.18%) Linux Command Line
5 1 (1.18%) Mobile App
5 1 (1.18%) PKI
5 1 (1.18%) Product Ownership
5 1 (1.18%) Security Posture
Operating Systems
1 2 (2.35%) Linux
1 2 (2.35%) Windows
2 1 (1.18%) Android
2 1 (1.18%) Apple iOS
2 1 (1.18%) Ubuntu
Processes & Methodologies
1 57 (67.06%) Artificial Intelligence
2 53 (62.35%) Machine Learning
3 22 (25.88%) Analytics
4 21 (24.71%) API Development
5 18 (21.18%) Data Science
6 16 (18.82%) Generative AI
6 16 (18.82%) Natural Language Processing
7 13 (15.29%) Computer Science
7 13 (15.29%) Unit Testing
8 12 (14.12%) Data Engineering
8 12 (14.12%) Problem-Solving
8 12 (14.12%) Software Engineering
9 11 (12.94%) Data Encryption
9 11 (12.94%) End-to-End Testing
9 11 (12.94%) Integration Testing
9 11 (12.94%) Use Case
10 10 (11.76%) Open Source
11 9 (10.59%) Visualisation
12 8 (9.41%) Data Visualisation
13 7 (8.24%) Agile
Programming Languages
1 65 (76.47%) Python
2 25 (29.41%) SQL
3 20 (23.53%) Java
4 10 (11.76%) C#
5 8 (9.41%) JavaScript
6 6 (7.06%) Clojure
6 6 (7.06%) Haskell
6 6 (7.06%) Rust
7 5 (5.88%) PowerShell
8 4 (4.71%) Kusto Query Language
8 4 (4.71%) Scala
9 3 (3.53%) Go
9 3 (3.53%) T-SQL
9 3 (3.53%) TypeScript
10 2 (2.35%) R
11 1 (1.18%) Bash
11 1 (1.18%) C++
11 1 (1.18%) Ruby
Qualifications
1 19 (22.35%) SC Cleared
1 19 (22.35%) Security Cleared
2 15 (17.65%) Degree
3 6 (7.06%) Master's Degree
4 4 (4.71%) Computer Science Degree
5 3 (3.53%) Azure Certification
5 3 (3.53%) CTC Cleared
6 2 (2.35%) Numerate Degree
6 2 (2.35%) PhD
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 1 (1.18%) Accessibility
1 1 (1.18%) QA
System Software
1 9 (10.59%) Docker
2 1 (1.18%) VMware Infrastructure
2 1 (1.18%) VMware NSX
Systems Management
1 13 (15.29%) Kubernetes
2 1 (1.18%) Ansible
2 1 (1.18%) Kubeflow
2 1 (1.18%) OPNET
2 1 (1.18%) PowerCLI
2 1 (1.18%) Terraform
Vendors
1 24 (28.24%) OpenAI
2 8 (9.41%) Google
3 6 (7.06%) Microsoft
4 5 (5.88%) SAP
5 3 (3.53%) Databricks
5 3 (3.53%) Genesys
6 1 (1.18%) Atlassian
6 1 (1.18%) Cisco
6 1 (1.18%) Dataiku
6 1 (1.18%) DataRobot
6 1 (1.18%) Oracle
6 1 (1.18%) VMware