Job Vacancy Trend Daily Rate Trend Daily Rate Histogram Hourly Rate Trend Hourly Rate Histogram Job Locations Skill Sets
Period
to 24 April 2018

The following table provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for Unit Testing skills. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited Unit Testing over the 6 months to 24 April 2018 with a comparison to the same period in the previous 2 years.

Note that daily and hourly rates are treated separately in these statistics. When calculating contractor rate percentiles, daily rates are never derived from quoted hourly rates or vice versa.

Unit Testing
UK > England
6 months to
24 Apr 2018		 Same period 2017 Same period 2016
Rank 119 144 144
Rank change year-on-year +25 0 +14
Contract jobs citing Unit Testing 2,001 1,520 1,738
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 2.16% 1.80% 1.78%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 2.52% 2.13% 2.13%
Number of daily rates quoted 1,395 999 1,278
England median daily rate £475 £425 £425
Median daily rate % change year-on-year +11.76% - +9.68%
10th Percentile £325 £303 £303
90th Percentile £600 £588 £577
UK median daily rate £468 £425 £416
% change year-on-year +10.00% +2.22% +8.69%
Number of hourly rates quoted 14 30 20
England median hourly rate £48.50 £41.63 £42.00
Median hourly rate % change year-on-year +16.52% -0.89% +7.69%
10th Percentile £34.80 £31.25 £32.50
90th Percentile £130.80 £57.50 £48.75
UK median hourly rate £47.50 £41.63 £41.40
% change year-on-year +14.11% +0.54% +8.24%

Unit Testing is in the Processes and Methodologies category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies advertised in England with a requirement for process or methodology skills.

All Process and Methodology Skills
England
Contract vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 79,457 71,391 81,775
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in England 85.79% 84.53% 83.86%
Number of daily rates quoted 52,794 47,260 54,218
England median daily rate £463 £450 £425
Median daily rate % change year-on-year +2.78% +5.88% +4.29%
10th Percentile £300 £275 £263
90th Percentile £638 £625 £613
UK median daily rate £450 £438 £425
% change year-on-year +2.86% +2.94% +6.25%
Number of hourly rates quoted 2,047 1,904 2,215
England median hourly rate £22.50 £25.00 £23.34
Median hourly rate % change year-on-year -10.00% +7.11% +11.51%
10th Percentile £11.25 £11.25 £11.48
90th Percentile £50.25 £50.00 £50.00
UK median hourly rate £22.50 £25.00 £25.00
% change year-on-year -10.00% - +20.83%

Unit Testing
Job Vacancy Trend in England

Job postings citing Unit Testing as a percentage of all IT jobs advertised in England.

Job vacancy trend for Unit Testing in England

Unit Testing
Contractor Daily Rate Trend in England

This chart provides the 3-month moving average for daily rates quoted in contract jobs citing Unit Testing in England.

Contractor daily rate trend for Unit Testing in England

Unit Testing
Contractor Daily Rate Histogram in England

The daily rate distribution of IT jobs citing Unit Testing in England over the 6 months to 24 April 2018.

Contractor daily rate histogram for Unit Testing in England

Unit Testing
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend in England

This chart provides the 3-month moving average for contractor hourly rates quoted in IT jobs citing Unit Testing in England.

Contractor hourly rate trend for Unit Testing in England

Unit Testing
Contractor Hourly Rate Histogram in England

The hourly rate distribution of IT jobs citing Unit Testing in England over the 6 months to 24 April 2018.

Contractor hourly rate histogram for Unit Testing in England

Unit Testing
Contract Job Locations in England

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing Unit Testing within the England region over the 6 months to 24 April 2018. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads		 Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months		 Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year		 Live
Job
Vacancies
London +19 1,049 £500 +2.56% 242
South East +29 430 £463 +8.82% 121
North of England -36 202 £375 - 121
Midlands +15 138 £394 +8.62% 82
South West +23 136 £375 +5.26% 73
North West -4 112 £370 +2.71% 58
Yorkshire -30 82 £420 +5.00% 43
East Midlands +24 80 £400 +18.52% 44
West Midlands +7 58 £388 +1.64% 38
East of England -9 48 £425 +21.43% 63
North East -14 11 £425 +21.43% 20
Unit Testing
UK

For the 6 months to 24 April 2018, IT contractor jobs citing Unit Testing also mentioned the following skills in order of popularity. The figures indicate the absolute number co-occurrences and as a proportion of all contract job ads across the England region with a requirement for Unit Testing.

1 1,115 (55.72%) Agile Software Development
2 860 (42.98%) JavaScript
3 856 (42.78%) TDD
4 661 (33.03%) Java
5 617 (30.83%) C#
6 583 (29.14%) .NET
7 578 (28.89%) HTML
8 566 (28.29%) Test Automation
9 544 (27.19%) CSS
10 536 (26.79%) SQL
11 506 (25.29%) Git (software)
12 470 (23.49%) BDD
13 457 (22.84%) Web Services
14 455 (22.74%) Continuous Integration
15 446 (22.29%) AngularJS
16 429 (21.44%) Jenkins
17 424 (21.19%) Scrum
18 414 (20.69%) SQL Server
19 395 (19.74%) MVC
20 393 (19.64%) Finance
21 377 (18.84%) React
22 370 (18.49%) RESTful
23 342 (17.09%) HTML5
24 336 (16.79%) REST
25 322 (16.09%) Node.js
26 291 (14.54%) CSS3
26 291 (14.54%) jQuery
27 271 (13.54%) Spring
28 259 (12.94%) OO
29 249 (12.44%) Microservices

Unit Testing
Co-occurring IT Skills in England by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same job type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 105 (5.25%) Confluence
2 102 (5.10%) Elasticsearch
3 90 (4.50%) Apache
4 52 (2.60%) Tomcat
5 49 (2.45%) Adobe Experience Manager
6 45 (2.25%) CMS
7 39 (1.95%) Apache Spark
8 35 (1.75%) GlassFish
8 35 (1.75%) JBoss
8 35 (1.75%) Liferay
9 29 (1.45%) Oracle SOA Suite
10 28 (1.40%) SharePoint
11 23 (1.15%) NServiceBus
12 19 (0.95%) Apache Solr
12 19 (0.95%) WebLogic
12 19 (0.95%) WebSphere
13 16 (0.80%) IIS
14 15 (0.75%) GemFire
15 13 (0.65%) Mule
16 7 (0.35%) nginx
Applications
1 25 (1.25%) Microsoft Excel
2 13 (0.65%) Microsoft Office
3 10 (0.50%) MS Visio
4 9 (0.45%) Microsoft PowerPoint
5 7 (0.35%) Microsoft Project
6 6 (0.30%) Photoshop
7 5 (0.25%) Adobe Illustrator
8 4 (0.20%) Adobe Creative Suite
8 4 (0.20%) GIMP
9 3 (0.15%) Spreadsheet
10 1 (0.050%) Acrobat
10 1 (0.050%) Chatbot
10 1 (0.050%) EngageOne
10 1 (0.050%) PrintSoft PReS
10 1 (0.050%) SOLIDWORKS
Business Applications
1 32 (1.60%) Dynamics CRM
2 17 (0.85%) Oracle BPM
3 13 (0.65%) Magento
4 12 (0.60%) Elite 3E
5 7 (0.35%) Dynamics AX
6 6 (0.30%) Oracle ERP
6 6 (0.30%) Oracle Payables
6 6 (0.30%) Oracle Receivables
6 6 (0.30%) Payment Gateway
7 5 (0.25%) Global One
7 5 (0.25%) Unit4 Business World
8 4 (0.20%) Markit EDM
8 4 (0.20%) Salesforce.com CRM
9 3 (0.15%) ION MarketView
9 3 (0.15%) NetSuite
9 3 (0.15%) Oracle Assets
9 3 (0.15%) Oracle Cash Management
9 3 (0.15%) Oracle EBS R12
9 3 (0.15%) Oracle Procure-to-Pay
9 3 (0.15%) SAP FI
Cloud Services
1 226 (11.29%) Amazon AWS
2 190 (9.50%) Microsoft Azure
3 91 (4.55%) npm
4 75 (3.75%) Cloud Computing
5 69 (3.45%) Serverless
6 60 (3.00%) GitHub
7 25 (1.25%) Dynamics 365
8 22 (1.10%) AWS Lambda
9 19 (0.95%) Salesforce Sales Cloud
10 18 (0.90%) Yarn
11 16 (0.80%) SaaS
12 15 (0.75%) Amazon S3
12 15 (0.75%) PaaS
13 12 (0.60%) Amazon EC2
14 11 (0.55%) AWS CloudFormation
14 11 (0.55%) CloudFront
15 10 (0.50%) OpenShift
16 8 (0.40%) Amazon Kinesis
16 8 (0.40%) Google Cloud Platform
17 7 (0.35%) Amazon CloudWatch
Communications & Networking
1 122 (6.10%) HTTP
2 43 (2.15%) TCP/IP
3 31 (1.55%) Internet
4 24 (1.20%) FTP
5 11 (0.55%) DMARC
6 8 (0.40%) DKIM
6 8 (0.40%) SMS
7 6 (0.30%) BGP
7 6 (0.30%) OSPF
8 5 (0.25%) SSL
8 5 (0.25%) VLAN
8 5 (0.25%) Wi-Fi
9 4 (0.20%) HTTPS
10 3 (0.15%) Firewall
10 3 (0.15%) SSH
11 2 (0.100%) AMQP
12 1 (0.050%) 3GPP
12 1 (0.050%) Intranet
12 1 (0.050%) SIGTRAN
12 1 (0.050%) snoop
Database & Business Intelligence
1 414 (20.69%) SQL Server
2 148 (7.40%) Relational Database
3 117 (5.85%) NoSQL
4 99 (4.95%) PostgreSQL
5 87 (4.35%) Big Data
6 84 (4.20%) MySQL
7 82 (4.10%) Oracle Database
8 73 (3.65%) MongoDB
9 66 (3.30%) RDBMS
10 65 (3.25%) Hadoop
11 57 (2.85%) SQL Server Integration Services
12 51 (2.55%) SQL Server Reporting Services
13 43 (2.15%) SQL Server 2012
14 40 (2.00%) Data Warehouse
14 40 (2.00%) Oracle Database 12c
15 37 (1.85%) Apache Cassandra
16 36 (1.80%) SQL Server 2008
17 33 (1.65%) Redis
18 31 (1.55%) HBase
19 25 (1.25%) SQL Server 2016
Development Applications
1 506 (25.29%) Git (software)
2 429 (21.44%) Jenkins
3 214 (10.69%) JIRA
4 191 (9.55%) JUnit
5 155 (7.75%) Maven
6 147 (7.35%) Mockito
7 141 (7.05%) Selenium
8 134 (6.70%) Mocha
9 126 (6.30%) webpack
10 124 (6.20%) NUnit
11 121 (6.05%) Visual Studio
12 117 (5.85%) TeamCity
13 116 (5.80%) Jasmine
14 110 (5.50%) Gradle
15 99 (4.95%) gulp
16 86 (4.30%) Eclipse
16 86 (4.30%) Grunt
17 85 (4.25%) Subversion
18 83 (4.15%) SonarQube
19 75 (3.75%) Cucumber
General
1 393 (19.64%) Finance
2 219 (10.94%) Banking
3 53 (2.65%) Retail
4 50 (2.50%) Front Office
5 42 (2.10%) Investment Banking
6 37 (1.85%) Marketing
7 34 (1.70%) Publishing
8 25 (1.25%) Financial Institution
9 22 (1.10%) Law
10 17 (0.85%) Games
11 14 (0.70%) Manufacturing
12 13 (0.65%) Retail Banking
13 12 (0.60%) Telecoms
14 10 (0.50%) Advertising
15 8 (0.40%) Automotive
15 8 (0.40%) Billing
16 7 (0.35%) General Ledger
16 7 (0.35%) Legal
17 6 (0.30%) Pharmaceutical
18 5 (0.25%) Back Office
Job Titles
1 1,623 (81.11%) Developer
2 325 (16.24%) Java Developer
3 273 (13.64%) C# Developer
4 264 (13.19%) .NET Developer
5 213 (10.64%) Senior Developer
6 173 (8.65%) JavaScript Developer
7 158 (7.90%) React Developer
8 139 (6.95%) Front End Developer (Client-Side Developer)
9 122 (6.10%) Full Stack Developer
10 108 (5.40%) C# .NET Developer
11 94 (4.70%) Node.js Developer
12 78 (3.90%) UI Developer
13 77 (3.85%) Software Engineer
14 76 (3.80%) SQL Developer
15 72 (3.60%) Angular Developer
16 67 (3.35%) Agile Developer
17 61 (3.05%) Software Developer
18 60 (3.00%) Python Developer
19 58 (2.90%) Senior Java Developer
19 58 (2.90%) WPF Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 583 (29.14%) .NET
2 578 (28.89%) HTML
3 544 (27.19%) CSS
4 457 (22.84%) Web Services
5 446 (22.29%) AngularJS
6 377 (18.84%) React
7 370 (18.49%) RESTful
8 342 (17.09%) HTML5
9 336 (16.79%) REST
10 322 (16.09%) Node.js
11 291 (14.54%) CSS3
11 291 (14.54%) jQuery
12 271 (13.54%) Spring
13 229 (11.44%) ASP.NET
14 204 (10.19%) JSON
15 201 (10.04%) ASP.NET Web API
16 200 (10.00%) .NET Framework
17 188 (9.40%) XML
18 174 (8.70%) SOAP
19 156 (7.80%) Sass
Miscellaneous
1 157 (7.85%) User Experience
2 105 (5.25%) Greenfield Project
3 82 (4.10%) Analytical Skills
4 79 (3.95%) Enterprise Software
5 75 (3.75%) Mobile App
6 71 (3.55%) Computer Science
7 55 (2.75%) Fintech
8 47 (2.35%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
9 39 (1.95%) Virtual Team
10 30 (1.50%) Hedge funds
11 29 (1.45%) Management Information System
12 27 (1.35%) Algorithms
12 27 (1.35%) Self-Motivation
13 26 (1.30%) Linux Command Line
14 25 (1.25%) iPad
15 24 (1.20%) Clustering
15 24 (1.20%) Fixed Income
16 22 (1.10%) iPhone
17 20 (1.00%) Derivative
17 20 (1.00%) Mainframe
Operating Systems
1 243 (12.14%) Linux
2 128 (6.40%) Unix
3 102 (5.10%) Windows
4 95 (4.75%) Apple iOS
5 67 (3.35%) Android
6 14 (0.70%) Windows Server 2012
7 13 (0.65%) CentOS
8 12 (0.60%) Windows Server
9 9 (0.45%) Ubuntu
10 7 (0.35%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
11 2 (0.100%) Embedded Linux
11 2 (0.100%) Solaris
11 2 (0.100%) Windows Embedded Compact
12 1 (0.050%) Windows 10
12 1 (0.050%) Windows Server 2003
12 1 (0.050%) Windows Server 2008
12 1 (0.050%) zOS
Processes & Methodologies
1 1,115 (55.72%) Agile Software Development
2 856 (42.78%) TDD
3 566 (28.29%) Test Automation
4 470 (23.49%) BDD
5 455 (22.74%) Continuous Integration
6 424 (21.19%) Scrum
7 395 (19.74%) MVC
8 259 (12.94%) OO
9 249 (12.44%) Microservices
10 242 (12.09%) Software Engineering
11 216 (10.79%) Front End Development
12 206 (10.29%) SDLC
13 181 (9.05%) Continuous Delivery
14 175 (8.75%) Web Development
15 156 (7.80%) DevOps
16 146 (7.30%) E-Commerce
17 138 (6.90%) Kanban
18 130 (6.50%) Multithreading
19 128 (6.40%) SOA
20 124 (6.20%) Configuration Management
Programming Languages
1 860 (42.98%) JavaScript
2 661 (33.03%) Java
3 617 (30.83%) C#
4 536 (26.79%) SQL
5 188 (9.40%) Python
6 148 (7.40%) TypeScript
7 120 (6.00%) ES6
8 111 (5.55%) T-SQL
9 99 (4.95%) C++
10 84 (4.20%) Java 8
11 83 (4.15%) Scala
12 76 (3.80%) PL/SQL
13 70 (3.50%) PHP
14 63 (3.15%) Apple Swift
15 53 (2.65%) Ruby
15 53 (2.65%) Shell Script
16 47 (2.35%) Groovy
16 47 (2.35%) Objective-C
17 43 (2.15%) XPath
18 39 (1.95%) C
Qualifications
1 97 (4.85%) Degree
2 74 (3.70%) Security Cleared
3 57 (2.85%) SC Cleared
4 31 (1.55%) Computer Science Degree
5 15 (0.75%) BPSS Clearance
6 13 (0.65%) Master's Degree
7 12 (0.60%) ISTQB
8 10 (0.50%) Siebel Certification
9 9 (0.45%) ISEB
10 8 (0.40%) Numerate Degree
10 8 (0.40%) PhD
11 4 (0.20%) DV Cleared
11 4 (0.20%) Microsoft Certification
12 2 (0.100%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
12 2 (0.100%) MBA
12 2 (0.100%) MCTS
12 2 (0.100%) OCA
12 2 (0.100%) Oracle Certification
13 1 (0.050%) AWS Certification
13 1 (0.050%) Sun Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 158 (7.90%) QA
2 13 (0.65%) HL7
3 10 (0.50%) ISO/IEC 27001
4 9 (0.45%) Data Quality
5 5 (0.25%) HMG Security Policy Framework
6 4 (0.20%) PCI DSS
6 4 (0.20%) WAI
7 3 (0.15%) PMO
7 3 (0.15%) SEPA
8 2 (0.100%) GCP
8 2 (0.100%) GDPR
8 2 (0.100%) IEC 62304
9 1 (0.050%) 21 CFR Part 11
9 1 (0.050%) ARP4754
9 1 (0.050%) GLP
9 1 (0.050%) GMP
9 1 (0.050%) GxP
9 1 (0.050%) MiFID
9 1 (0.050%) Solvency II
9 1 (0.050%) WCAG
System Software
1 144 (7.20%) Docker
2 36 (1.80%) Apache ZooKeeper
3 19 (0.95%) HDFS
4 9 (0.45%) Active Directory
5 6 (0.30%) VMware Infrastructure
6 2 (0.100%) Firmware
7 1 (0.050%) Varnish
Systems Management
1 107 (5.35%) Puppet
2 102 (5.10%) Ansible
3 83 (4.15%) Opscode Chef
4 39 (1.95%) HP ALM
5 32 (1.60%) Hadoop YARN
6 24 (1.20%) Kubernetes
7 15 (0.75%) BladeLogic
8 12 (0.60%) Salt
9 9 (0.45%) Nagios
9 9 (0.45%) Single Sign-On
10 8 (0.40%) Terraform
11 7 (0.35%) Prometheus
12 5 (0.25%) HP Quality Center
13 4 (0.20%) Kibana
14 3 (0.15%) Rancher
15 2 (0.100%) Capistrano
15 2 (0.100%) HockeyApp
15 2 (0.100%) Icinga
15 2 (0.100%) Mesos
15 2 (0.100%) Oracle Identity Manager
Vendors
1 243 (12.14%) Oracle
2 228 (11.39%) Microsoft
3 53 (2.65%) Adobe
4 51 (2.55%) Perforce
5 41 (2.05%) HP
6 36 (1.80%) IBM
7 35 (1.75%) Atlassian
8 33 (1.65%) Google
9 30 (1.50%) Salesforce.com
10 29 (1.45%) Coverity
11 26 (1.30%) SAP
12 21 (1.05%) TIBCO
13 20 (1.00%) Apple
14 19 (0.95%) Sybase
15 14 (0.70%) Software AG
15 14 (0.70%) webMethods
16 13 (0.65%) Tableau
17 11 (0.55%) Siebel
17 11 (0.55%) Sitecore
18 10 (0.50%) Cognos