Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI)
UK

The table below looks at the prevalence of the term PKI in contract job vacancies. Included is a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that have cited PKI over the 6 months to 18 May 2024 with a comparison to the same period over the previous 2 years.

6 months to
18 May 2024
Same period 2023 Same period 2022
Rank 198 307 446
Rank change year-on-year +109 +139 +19
Contract jobs citing PKI 485 465 466
As % of all contract jobs advertised in the UK 1.14% 0.82% 0.53%
As % of the Miscellaneous category 3.76% 2.46% 1.61%
Number of daily rates quoted 341 344 327
10th Percentile £363 £425 £413
25th Percentile £450 £475 £463
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £550 £575 £560
Median % change year-on-year -4.35% +2.68% +18.03%
75th Percentile £625 £650 £675
90th Percentile £688 £750 £738
UK excluding London median daily rate £550 £565 £510
% change year-on-year -2.57% +10.69% +13.33%
Number of hourly rates quoted 3 4 10
10th Percentile - £29.10 £47.90
25th Percentile - £50.25 £53.91
Median hourly rate £23.80 £65.00 £61.75
Median % change year-on-year -63.38% +5.26% +64.67%
75th Percentile £32.03 £70.25 £66.00
90th Percentile £36.96 £77.90 -
UK excluding London median hourly rate £38.50 £15.00 £54.43
% change year-on-year +156.67% -72.44% +262.87%

All Generic Skills
UK

PKI is in the General and Transferable Skills category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills 12,884 18,935 29,011
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 30.26% 33.25% 33.14%
Number of daily rates quoted 8,299 13,036 20,297
10th Percentile £266 £313 £313
25th Percentile £413 £450 £438
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £540 £550 £550
Median % change year-on-year -1.82% - +10.00%
75th Percentile £663 £680 £660
90th Percentile £800 £800 £763
UK excluding London median daily rate £500 £500 £475
% change year-on-year - +5.26% +9.20%
Number of hourly rates quoted 896 624 711
10th Percentile £12.25 £9.80 £14.25
25th Percentile £15.16 £10.63 £17.00
Median hourly rate £31.38 £22.26 £27.50
Median % change year-on-year +40.98% -19.07% +4.90%
75th Percentile £61.30 £63.00 £50.00
90th Percentile £70.00 £75.00 £65.76
UK excluding London median hourly rate £30.00 £22.00 £21.13
% change year-on-year +36.36% +4.14% -11.29%

PKI
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing PKI as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Contractor Daily Rate Trend

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing PKI.

Daily rate trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing PKI over the 6 months to 18 May 2024.

Daily rate histogram for PKI in the UK

PKI
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing PKI.

Hourly rate trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing PKI over the 6 months to 18 May 2024.

Hourly rate histogram for PKI in the UK

PKI
Top 13 Contract Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing PKI within the UK over the 6 months to 18 May 2024. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +123 459 £550 -8.33% 73
UK excluding London +125 389 £550 -2.57% 68
South East +96 159 £605 +0.83% 24
South West +68 111 £550 -4.35% 13
Work from Home +24 93 £605 +11.52% 36
West Midlands +75 83 £375 -40.83% 9
Midlands +74 83 £375 -31.03% 13
London +18 83 £565 -5.83% 13
Scotland +30 17 £600 +13.21% 6
North of England -7 14 £575 +1.86% 8
North West -16 10 £600 +9.09% 5
East of England -11 5 £650 -7.14% 2
North East +12 4 £431 -45.24%

PKI
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 78 (16.08%) Microsoft Exchange
2 24 (4.95%) Confluence
3 21 (4.33%) SharePoint
4 7 (1.44%) nginx
5 4 (0.82%) Apache
5 4 (0.82%) IIS
6 2 (0.41%) Exchange Server 2010
6 2 (0.41%) Exchange Server 2013
6 2 (0.41%) Skype for Business
6 2 (0.41%) Traefik
7 1 (0.21%) EPiServer
7 1 (0.21%) Ethereum
7 1 (0.21%) Hyperledger
7 1 (0.21%) Tomcat
7 1 (0.21%) WebSphere
Applications
1 8 (1.65%) Microsoft Office
2 2 (0.41%) MS Visio
3 1 (0.21%) Microsoft Excel
Business Applications
1 4 (0.82%) Dynamics GP
2 3 (0.62%) Remedy ITSM
Cloud Services
1 130 (26.80%) Azure
2 87 (17.94%) AWS
3 55 (11.34%) Microsoft 365
4 43 (8.87%) Entra ID
5 21 (4.33%) Azure Monitor
6 17 (3.51%) Azure Storage
7 14 (2.89%) GCP
8 12 (2.47%) Power Platform
9 8 (1.65%) Mimecast
9 8 (1.65%) OneDrive
10 7 (1.44%) PaaS
11 6 (1.24%) Amazon EC2
11 6 (1.24%) Amazon EKS
11 6 (1.24%) Power Automate
11 6 (1.24%) PowerApps
12 5 (1.03%) Azure ExpressRoute
12 5 (1.03%) Azure Sentinel
12 5 (1.03%) Cloud Computing
12 5 (1.03%) GitHub
12 5 (1.03%) Serverless
Communications & Networking
1 105 (21.65%) DNS
2 101 (20.82%) Firewall
3 92 (18.97%) WAN
4 81 (16.70%) DHCP
5 77 (15.88%) VPN
6 75 (15.46%) IPsec
7 72 (14.85%) BGP
8 62 (12.78%) MPLS
8 62 (12.78%) SSL
9 47 (9.69%) Junos
10 28 (5.77%) LAN
11 24 (4.95%) Network Security
12 19 (3.92%) SD-WAN
13 17 (3.51%) SAN
13 17 (3.51%) VSAN
14 16 (3.30%) OSPF
14 16 (3.30%) Wireless
15 11 (2.27%) TCP/IP
15 11 (2.27%) WLAN
16 10 (2.06%) NAS
Database & Business Intelligence
1 15 (3.09%) SQL Server
2 11 (2.27%) PostgreSQL
3 7 (1.44%) MySQL
3 7 (1.44%) Power BI
4 6 (1.24%) Amazon RDS
4 6 (1.24%) Elasticsearch
5 2 (0.41%) MongoDB
5 2 (0.41%) Tableau
6 1 (0.21%) Apache Cassandra
6 1 (0.21%) CouchDB
6 1 (0.21%) NoSQL
6 1 (0.21%) Redis
6 1 (0.21%) Relational Database
Development Applications
1 26 (5.36%) JIRA
2 14 (2.89%) Robot Framework
2 14 (2.89%) Sonatype Nexus
3 12 (2.47%) Git
4 7 (1.44%) Jenkins
5 6 (1.24%) GitLab
6 5 (1.03%) Bitbucket
7 2 (0.41%) JMeter
7 2 (0.41%) Selenium
7 2 (0.41%) Terragrunt
8 1 (0.21%) Burp Suite
8 1 (0.21%) CircleCI
8 1 (0.21%) Darcs
8 1 (0.21%) Jaeger
8 1 (0.21%) Mercurial
8 1 (0.21%) MSI
8 1 (0.21%) Travis CI
General
1 66 (13.61%) Social Skills
2 48 (9.90%) Public Sector
3 36 (7.42%) Finance
4 28 (5.77%) Analytical Skills
5 21 (4.33%) Military
6 13 (2.68%) Banking
7 6 (1.24%) Financial Institution
8 5 (1.03%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 3 (0.62%) Aerospace
9 3 (0.62%) Automotive
9 3 (0.62%) Influencing Skills
9 3 (0.62%) Manufacturing
10 2 (0.41%) Advertising
10 2 (0.41%) Documentation Skills
10 2 (0.41%) Telecoms
11 1 (0.21%) Fire and Rescue
11 1 (0.21%) Organisational Skills
11 1 (0.21%) Police
11 1 (0.21%) Presentation Skills
11 1 (0.21%) Retail
Job Titles
1 103 (21.24%) Architect
2 47 (9.69%) Administrator
3 44 (9.07%) Security Architect
4 41 (8.45%) Systems Administrator
4 41 (8.45%) Wintel Administrator
4 41 (8.45%) Wintel Systems Administrator
5 33 (6.80%) Infrastructure Engineer
5 33 (6.80%) Network Support
6 30 (6.19%) 3rd Line Support
6 30 (6.19%) Security Engineer
7 29 (5.98%) 3rd Line Engineer
8 26 (5.36%) WAN Engineer
9 23 (4.74%) Senior
10 21 (4.33%) Support Engineer
11 18 (3.71%) Network Engineer
11 18 (3.71%) Test Engineer
12 17 (3.51%) 1st Line Engineer
12 17 (3.51%) Integration Engineer
12 17 (3.51%) Test and Integration Engineer
12 17 (3.51%) Wintel Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 42 (8.66%) Web Services
2 17 (3.51%) ARM Templates
3 11 (2.27%) LDAP
4 7 (1.44%) SAML
5 6 (1.24%) .NET
6 5 (1.03%) JSON
6 5 (1.03%) RESTful
6 5 (1.03%) SailPoint
6 5 (1.03%) XML
7 4 (0.82%) AngularJS
7 4 (0.82%) Apache NiFi
7 4 (0.82%) OAuth
7 4 (0.82%) OpenID
8 3 (0.62%) Jinja
8 3 (0.62%) Kafka
8 3 (0.62%) Lambda Expressions
8 3 (0.62%) NETCONF
8 3 (0.62%) React
8 3 (0.62%) REST
8 3 (0.62%) YANG
Miscellaneous
1 45 (9.28%) Self-Motivation
2 26 (5.36%) Data Centre
3 14 (2.89%) Clustering
4 13 (2.68%) Public Cloud
5 12 (2.47%) Security Posture
6 8 (1.65%) Fat Client
6 8 (1.65%) Hybrid Cloud
6 8 (1.65%) Management Information System
6 8 (1.65%) Thin Client
7 6 (1.24%) Digital Signage
8 5 (1.03%) Distributed Denial-of-Service
9 4 (0.82%) Cyber Threat
9 4 (0.82%) Enterprise Software
10 3 (0.62%) Algorithms
10 3 (0.62%) Cloud Native
10 3 (0.62%) Data Protection Act
10 3 (0.62%) Virtual Team
11 2 (0.41%) IoT
11 2 (0.41%) Product Ownership
11 2 (0.41%) Replication
Operating Systems
1 176 (36.29%) Windows
2 104 (21.44%) Windows Server
3 83 (17.11%) Linux
4 52 (10.72%) Windows Server 2019
5 32 (6.60%) Windows Server 2016
6 25 (5.15%) Windows Server 2012
7 11 (2.27%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 11 (2.27%) Ubuntu
8 9 (1.86%) CentOS
8 9 (1.86%) Windows 10
9 5 (1.03%) Windows Server 2003
10 3 (0.62%) Unix
11 2 (0.41%) VMS
11 2 (0.41%) Windows Server 2008
12 1 (0.21%) Alpine Linux
12 1 (0.21%) Debian
12 1 (0.21%) Solaris
12 1 (0.21%) Windows 7
Processes & Methodologies
1 87 (17.94%) Agile
2 56 (11.55%) Cryptography
3 55 (11.34%) Load Balancing
4 54 (11.13%) Key Management
5 49 (10.10%) Infrastructure as Code
6 48 (9.90%) Cybersecurity
6 48 (9.90%) ITIL
7 45 (9.28%) Service Management
8 43 (8.87%) Infrastructure Engineering
9 39 (8.04%) DevOps
9 39 (8.04%) Identity Access Management
10 36 (7.42%) Change Management
11 30 (6.19%) Cloud Security
12 29 (5.98%) CI/CD
13 26 (5.36%) Change Control
14 25 (5.15%) Multi-Factor Authentication
14 25 (5.15%) Problem-Solving
15 24 (4.95%) Risk Assessment
15 24 (4.95%) SIEM
16 23 (4.74%) Identity Management
Programming Languages
1 107 (22.06%) PowerShell
2 54 (11.13%) Python
3 33 (6.80%) SQL
4 20 (4.12%) C#
5 17 (3.51%) Bicep
5 17 (3.51%) VB
5 17 (3.51%) VBScript
6 11 (2.27%) Bash
7 5 (1.03%) Kusto Query Language
8 4 (0.82%) Go
9 3 (0.62%) Java
9 3 (0.62%) Ruby
10 2 (0.41%) C++
10 2 (0.41%) JavaScript
11 1 (0.21%) C
11 1 (0.21%) Perl
11 1 (0.21%) PHP
11 1 (0.21%) Rust
11 1 (0.21%) Solidity
11 1 (0.21%) TypeScript
Qualifications
1 337 (69.48%) Security Cleared
2 188 (38.76%) DV Cleared
3 132 (27.22%) SC Cleared
4 99 (20.41%) Degree
5 52 (10.72%) Microsoft Certification
6 26 (5.36%) MCSE
7 18 (3.71%) MCSA
7 18 (3.71%) VMware Certified Professional (VCP)
8 17 (3.51%) ITIL Foundation Certificate
9 9 (1.86%) CISM
9 9 (1.86%) CISSP
10 8 (1.65%) Cisco Certification
11 7 (1.44%) SANS
12 6 (1.24%) CCNP
12 6 (1.24%) CRISC
13 5 (1.03%) Computer Science Degree
13 5 (1.03%) ITIL Certification
14 4 (0.82%) CCNA
15 3 (0.62%) CCIE
15 3 (0.62%) Master's Degree
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 15 (3.09%) JSP 440
2 13 (2.68%) ISO/IEC 27001
3 12 (2.47%) ISO/IEC 27002 (supersedes ISO/IEC 17799)
4 9 (1.86%) Disclosure Scotland
5 7 (1.44%) NCSC
5 7 (1.44%) RMADS
6 5 (1.03%) SLA
7 3 (0.62%) Cyber Essentials
7 3 (0.62%) PCI DSS
8 2 (0.41%) NIST
9 1 (0.21%) Cyber Essentials PLUS
9 1 (0.21%) ISO 20022
9 1 (0.21%) QA
System Software
1 182 (37.53%) Active Directory
2 65 (13.40%) VMware Infrastructure
3 34 (7.01%) VMware ESXi
4 28 (5.77%) vSphere
5 25 (5.15%) Virtual Machines
5 25 (5.15%) VMware NSX
6 22 (4.54%) Hyper-V
7 20 (4.12%) Virtual Desktop
8 10 (2.06%) Docker
9 7 (1.44%) BitLocker
9 7 (1.44%) Microsoft App-V
10 5 (1.03%) Terminal Services
10 5 (1.03%) VMware Server
11 4 (0.82%) Microsoft Virtual Server
11 4 (0.82%) Shibboleth
11 4 (0.82%) Virtual Servers
12 2 (0.41%) Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services
12 2 (0.41%) Squid
Systems Management
1 64 (13.20%) Terraform
2 62 (12.78%) Ansible
3 34 (7.01%) SCCM
4 31 (6.39%) Active Directory Federation Services
5 30 (6.19%) SCOM
6 29 (5.98%) Kubernetes
6 29 (5.98%) Microsoft Intune
7 26 (5.36%) WSUS
8 24 (4.95%) OPNET
9 20 (4.12%) vCenter Server
10 12 (2.47%) Single Sign-On
11 11 (2.27%) FortiGate
12 8 (1.65%) Nessus
13 6 (1.24%) ZABBIX
14 5 (1.03%) vMotion
15 4 (0.82%) Failover Clustering
15 4 (0.82%) HAProxy
15 4 (0.82%) Microsoft Clustering
15 4 (0.82%) Oracle Identity Management
15 4 (0.82%) Red Hat Satellite
Vendors
1 148 (30.52%) Microsoft
2 99 (20.41%) VMware
3 75 (15.46%) Juniper
4 29 (5.98%) Cisco
5 27 (5.57%) CA
6 22 (4.54%) Palo Alto
7 20 (4.12%) Oracle
8 16 (3.30%) Red Hat
9 15 (3.09%) SolarWinds
10 11 (2.27%) Dell
10 11 (2.27%) Fortinet
11 9 (1.86%) Google
12 8 (1.65%) CyberArk
13 7 (1.44%) Citrix
14 6 (1.24%) Extreme Networks
14 6 (1.24%) Ping Identity
14 6 (1.24%) Splunk
14 6 (1.24%) Veeam
15 5 (1.03%) ForgeRock
15 5 (1.03%) Infoblox