Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI)
UK

The table below looks at the prevalence of the term PKI in permanent job vacancies. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited PKI over the 6 months to 5 December 2023 with a comparison to the same period over the previous 2 years.

6 months to
5 Dec 2023
Same period 2022 Same period 2021
Rank 446 710 751
Rank change year-on-year +264 +41 -177
Permanent jobs citing PKI 312 390 370
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 0.58% 0.31% 0.29%
As % of the Miscellaneous category 1.59% 0.73% 0.66%
Number of salaries quoted 240 293 254
10th Percentile £42,500 £40,750 £40,000
25th Percentile £52,500 £50,000 £50,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £65,000 £60,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year +8.33% - -
75th Percentile £91,563 £73,750 £73,438
90th Percentile £115,000 £88,750 £85,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £56,525 £57,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -1.70% +4.55% +10.00%

All Generic Skills
UK

PKI is in the General and Transferable Skills category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills 19,682 53,728 56,126
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 36.84% 43.27% 44.07%
Number of salaries quoted 14,421 29,894 33,440
10th Percentile £33,210 £34,923 £33,750
25th Percentile £45,000 £46,250 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £63,675 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -1.85% +6.13% -
75th Percentile £84,056 £85,000 £82,500
90th Percentile £107,500 £105,000 £100,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £50,000
% change year-on-year - +10.00% -

PKI
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing PKI as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing PKI.

Salary trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing PKI over the 6 months to 5 December 2023.

Salary histogram for PKI in the UK

PKI
Top 16 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing PKI within the UK over the 6 months to 5 December 2023. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +236 271 £65,000 +8.33% 99
UK excluding London +232 209 £56,525 -1.70% 65
Work from Home +182 97 £70,000 +12.00% 41
London +176 92 £100,000 +53.85% 43
South East +134 81 £56,525 -9.56% 18
South West +126 55 £65,000 -3.70% 17
Wales - 31 - -
Midlands +138 23 £55,000 +14.58% 18
North of England +128 13 £52,500 +28.05% 8
East Midlands +47 12 £50,000 +12.99% 2
West Midlands +130 11 £95,000 +72.73% 16
Yorkshire +100 9 £55,000 -10.20% 4
East of England +86 5 £85,000 +54.55% 1
North West +114 3 £47,500 -19.15% 2
Scotland +57 3 £62,500 +21.95% 3
North East +38 1 - - 2

PKI
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 23 (7.37%) SharePoint
2 8 (2.56%) MS Exchange
3 3 (0.96%) OpenStack
4 2 (0.64%) nginx
5 1 (0.32%) Apache
5 1 (0.32%) IIS
5 1 (0.32%) Skype for Business
5 1 (0.32%) WildFly
Applications
1 5 (1.60%) Microsoft Excel
Business Applications
1 3 (0.96%) Oracle Receivables
Cloud Services
1 94 (30.13%) Azure
2 58 (18.59%) Entra ID
3 46 (14.74%) Microsoft 365
4 44 (14.10%) AWS
5 28 (8.97%) Azure Monitor
6 24 (7.69%) Azure Storage
6 24 (7.69%) GCP
7 17 (5.45%) IaaS
8 15 (4.81%) PaaS
9 14 (4.49%) SaaS
10 10 (3.21%) Cloud Computing
11 8 (2.56%) Azure Key Vault
12 7 (2.24%) Azure AKS
13 6 (1.92%) GitHub
13 6 (1.92%) OneDrive
14 5 (1.60%) AWS CloudFormation
14 5 (1.60%) Azure DevOps
14 5 (1.60%) Azure ExpressRoute
14 5 (1.60%) Azure Sentinel
15 3 (0.96%) Power Platform
Communications & Networking
1 141 (45.19%) Firewall
2 61 (19.55%) VPN
3 55 (17.63%) DNS
3 55 (17.63%) WAN
4 54 (17.31%) Network Security
5 51 (16.35%) TCP/IP
6 47 (15.06%) DHCP
7 45 (14.42%) LAN
8 39 (12.50%) HTTP
9 36 (11.54%) Internet
10 31 (9.94%) FTP
10 31 (9.94%) SMTP
10 31 (9.94%) Sourcefire
11 27 (8.65%) Intrusion Detection
12 19 (6.09%) SAN
13 16 (5.13%) NAS
14 13 (4.17%) SSL
15 12 (3.85%) Skype
16 10 (3.21%) SD-WAN
17 8 (2.56%) Wireless
Database & Business Intelligence
1 10 (3.21%) SQL Server
2 9 (2.88%) NoSQL
3 8 (2.56%) PostgreSQL
4 3 (0.96%) InfluxDB
4 3 (0.96%) MariaDB
4 3 (0.96%) MySQL
4 3 (0.96%) Power BI
5 2 (0.64%) SQL Server Reporting Services
6 1 (0.32%) Amazon RDS
6 1 (0.32%) Apache Ignite
6 1 (0.32%) Azure SQL Database
6 1 (0.32%) Data Lake
6 1 (0.32%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 14 (4.49%) Jenkins
2 11 (3.53%) Axure RP
3 10 (3.21%) Sonatype Nexus
4 8 (2.56%) JIRA
4 8 (2.56%) JMeter
4 8 (2.56%) Selenium
4 8 (2.56%) SoapUI
4 8 (2.56%) TestLink
5 6 (1.92%) SonarQube
6 5 (1.60%) Git
7 4 (1.28%) MSI
8 3 (0.96%) Gatling
8 3 (0.96%) JUnit
8 3 (0.96%) LoadRunner
8 3 (0.96%) Maven
9 2 (0.64%) Robot Framework
General
1 87 (27.88%) Social Skills
2 45 (14.42%) Public Sector
3 44 (14.10%) Analytical Skills
4 31 (9.94%) Games
5 22 (7.05%) Finance
6 20 (6.41%) Military
7 18 (5.77%) Telecoms
8 11 (3.53%) Banking
8 11 (3.53%) Retail
9 9 (2.88%) Inclusion and Diversity
10 4 (1.28%) Documentation Skills
10 4 (1.28%) Financial Institution
10 4 (1.28%) Law
11 2 (0.64%) Influencing Skills
11 2 (0.64%) Police
11 2 (0.64%) Presentation Skills
12 1 (0.32%) Back Office
12 1 (0.32%) Billing
12 1 (0.32%) Legal
12 1 (0.32%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 54 (17.31%) Senior
2 53 (16.99%) Security Engineer
3 35 (11.22%) Analyst
3 35 (11.22%) Architect
3 35 (11.22%) Infrastructure Engineer
4 31 (9.94%) SOC Analyst
5 25 (8.01%) Wintel Engineer
6 24 (7.69%) Consultant
7 23 (7.37%) Security Specialist
8 22 (7.05%) Security Consultant
9 20 (6.41%) Senior Infrastructure Engineer
10 19 (6.09%) Network Engineer
11 18 (5.77%) Cybersecurity Specialist
11 18 (5.77%) Senior Wintel Engineer
12 16 (5.13%) Network Security Engineer
13 15 (4.81%) Senior Security Engineer
14 14 (4.49%) Cybersecurity Engineer
14 14 (4.49%) Cybersecurity Manager
14 14 (4.49%) Security Manager
15 13 (4.17%) Wintel Infrastructure Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 31 (9.94%) LDAP
2 16 (5.13%) ARM Templates
3 11 (3.53%) web3js
4 8 (2.56%) HTML
5 7 (2.24%) OAuth
5 7 (2.24%) SAML
6 5 (1.60%) OpenID
7 4 (1.28%) Middleware
8 3 (0.96%) .NET
8 3 (0.96%) Azure Blueprints
8 3 (0.96%) CSS
8 3 (0.96%) Django
8 3 (0.96%) Flask
8 3 (0.96%) Jinja
8 3 (0.96%) JWT
8 3 (0.96%) Kafka
8 3 (0.96%) NumPy
8 3 (0.96%) OAuth2
8 3 (0.96%) RabbitMQ
8 3 (0.96%) Vue
Miscellaneous
1 35 (11.22%) Cyber Threat
2 31 (9.94%) Analytical Mindset
2 31 (9.94%) Security Operations Centre
3 23 (7.37%) Cyberattack
4 22 (7.05%) Clustering
5 19 (6.09%) Data Centre
6 16 (5.13%) Fat Client
6 16 (5.13%) Thin Client
7 15 (4.81%) Self-Motivation
8 11 (3.53%) Blockchain
8 11 (3.53%) Web3
9 8 (2.56%) Management Information System
10 7 (2.24%) NHS
10 7 (2.24%) Public Cloud
11 6 (1.92%) Private Cloud
11 6 (1.92%) Virtual Team
12 5 (1.60%) Hedge funds
13 4 (1.28%) Client/Server
13 4 (1.28%) IoT
13 4 (1.28%) Security Posture
Operating Systems
1 144 (46.15%) Windows
2 74 (23.72%) Windows Server
3 53 (16.99%) Linux
4 38 (12.18%) Windows Server 2016
5 28 (8.97%) Windows Server 2019
6 26 (8.33%) Windows Server 2012
7 7 (2.24%) Windows 10
8 6 (1.92%) Windows Server 2003
9 5 (1.60%) Solaris
9 5 (1.60%) Windows 2000
10 3 (0.96%) CentOS
10 3 (0.96%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
10 3 (0.96%) VMS
11 2 (0.64%) Unix
12 1 (0.32%) Android
12 1 (0.32%) Apple iOS
12 1 (0.32%) Mac OS X
Processes & Methodologies
1 131 (41.99%) Cybersecurity
2 100 (32.05%) Identity Management
3 92 (29.49%) SIEM
4 69 (22.12%) Problem-Solving
5 68 (21.79%) Cryptography
6 58 (18.59%) Multi-Factor Authentication
7 54 (17.31%) Vulnerability Scanning
8 52 (16.67%) ITIL
9 51 (16.35%) Agile
10 46 (14.74%) Infrastructure Engineering
11 44 (14.10%) Cloud Security
12 43 (13.78%) Security Architecture
12 43 (13.78%) TOGAF
13 39 (12.50%) Time Management
14 38 (12.18%) Actionable Insight
15 37 (11.86%) CI/CD
16 36 (11.54%) Data Loss Prevention
16 36 (11.54%) DevOps
16 36 (11.54%) Security Operations
17 34 (10.90%) Kalman Filter
Programming Languages
1 104 (33.33%) PowerShell
2 48 (15.38%) Python
3 37 (11.86%) SQL
4 30 (9.62%) C#
5 22 (7.05%) VB
5 22 (7.05%) VBScript
6 14 (4.49%) Bicep
7 12 (3.85%) Bash
7 12 (3.85%) JavaScript
8 11 (3.53%) Go
9 10 (3.21%) Java
10 3 (0.96%) Groovy
10 3 (0.96%) Lua
10 3 (0.96%) Ruby
10 3 (0.96%) Rust
10 3 (0.96%) Scala
11 1 (0.32%) Dart
11 1 (0.32%) Kotlin
11 1 (0.32%) R
11 1 (0.32%) Swift
Qualifications
1 183 (58.65%) Security Cleared
2 96 (30.77%) DV Cleared
3 89 (28.53%) SC Cleared
4 75 (24.04%) Degree
5 33 (10.58%) CISSP
5 33 (10.58%) Master's Degree
6 22 (7.05%) ITIL Foundation Certificate
7 18 (5.77%) Cisco Certification
7 18 (5.77%) Computer Science Degree
8 17 (5.45%) CISM
9 13 (4.17%) CEH
10 12 (3.85%) Azure Certification
11 9 (2.88%) CCNA
12 7 (2.24%) DBS Check
13 6 (1.92%) (ISC)2 CCSP
13 6 (1.92%) CCSP
13 6 (1.92%) CESG Certified Professional
13 6 (1.92%) CISMP
14 5 (1.60%) BPSS Clearance
15 4 (1.28%) CREST Certified
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 53 (16.99%) ISO/IEC 27001
2 31 (9.94%) HMG Security Policy Framework
3 10 (3.21%) NCSC
4 9 (2.88%) Cyber Essentials
4 9 (2.88%) GDPR
5 6 (1.92%) NIST
6 5 (1.60%) Disclosure Scotland
6 5 (1.60%) SLA
7 4 (1.28%) ISO/IEC 20000
7 4 (1.28%) RMADS
8 3 (0.96%) Data Quality
9 1 (0.32%) GRC
9 1 (0.32%) ISO 9001
9 1 (0.32%) SOC 2
System Software
1 123 (39.42%) Active Directory
2 63 (20.19%) VMware Infrastructure
3 40 (12.82%) Hyper-V
4 27 (8.65%) Virtual Desktop
4 27 (8.65%) vSphere
5 26 (8.33%) Virtual Machines
6 16 (5.13%) Docker
6 16 (5.13%) VMware NSX
7 10 (3.21%) VMware ESXi
8 9 (2.88%) Firmware
9 3 (0.96%) Citrix Hypervisor
10 1 (0.32%) Forefront TMG
10 1 (0.32%) Terminal Services
10 1 (0.32%) Virtual Servers
10 1 (0.32%) VMware Workstation
10 1 (0.32%) XenApp
Systems Management
1 47 (15.06%) SCCM
2 46 (14.74%) Kubernetes
3 40 (12.82%) Microsoft Intune
4 36 (11.54%) Active Directory Federation Services
5 32 (10.26%) Terraform
6 31 (9.94%) FortiGate
7 29 (9.29%) SCOM
8 28 (8.97%) Single Sign-On
9 27 (8.65%) Ansible
9 27 (8.65%) WSUS
10 23 (7.37%) Microsoft Clustering
11 22 (7.05%) Nessus
12 17 (5.45%) Failover Clustering
13 16 (5.13%) Microsoft Data Protection Manager
14 11 (3.53%) SolarWinds Orion
14 11 (3.53%) vCenter Server
15 6 (1.92%) McAfee ePO
16 5 (1.60%) Cisco CUCM
16 5 (1.60%) Stealthwatch
17 4 (1.28%) WMI
Vendors
1 101 (32.37%) Microsoft
2 76 (24.36%) VMware
3 57 (18.27%) Cisco
4 42 (13.46%) F5
5 38 (12.18%) Splunk
6 37 (11.86%) Juniper
7 32 (10.26%) IBM
8 31 (9.94%) ArcSight
8 31 (9.94%) CheckPoint
8 31 (9.94%) TippingPoint
8 31 (9.94%) Trend Micro
9 17 (5.45%) SolarWinds
10 15 (4.81%) Citrix
10 15 (4.81%) Google
11 14 (4.49%) Zscaler
12 9 (2.88%) McAfee
13 8 (2.56%) ForgeRock
13 8 (2.56%) Oracle
14 6 (1.92%) iManage
14 6 (1.92%) Palo Alto