TDD Contracts

Test-Driven Development (TDD)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics for contract job vacancies requiring TDD skills. It includes a benchmarking guide to the contractor rates offered in vacancies that cited TDD over the 6 months leading up to 6 July 2025, comparing them to the same period in the previous two years.

6 months to
6 Jul 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 129 121 84
Rank change year-on-year -8 -37 -26
Contract jobs citing TDD 677 814 1,590
As % of all contract jobs advertised in the UK 2.13% 1.88% 2.80%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 2.34% 2.20% 3.13%
Number of daily rates quoted 488 529 1,181
10th Percentile £358 £363 £425
25th Percentile £424 £450 £500
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £500 £550 £600
Median % change year-on-year -9.09% -8.33% +2.56%
75th Percentile £638 £688 £725
90th Percentile £775 £825 £800
UK excluding London median daily rate £467 £500 £545
% change year-on-year -6.65% -8.26% +3.81%
Number of hourly rates quoted 11 55 46
10th Percentile £61.25 £61.25 £61.88
25th Percentile £63.13 £61.34 £65.00
Median hourly rate £65.00 £65.00 £68.75
Median % change year-on-year - -5.45% -1.79%
75th Percentile - - £75.00
90th Percentile - - £78.75
UK excluding London median hourly rate £65.00 £65.00 £65.00
% change year-on-year - - -7.80%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

TDD falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all contract job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Contract vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 28,883 36,949 50,825
As % of all contract IT jobs advertised in the UK 90.68% 85.32% 89.49%
Number of daily rates quoted 18,181 23,576 35,000
10th Percentile £300 £300 £325
25th Percentile £405 £413 £438
Median daily rate (50th Percentile) £505 £525 £550
Median % change year-on-year -3.81% -4.55% +0.92%
75th Percentile £625 £638 £650
90th Percentile £738 £750 £750
UK excluding London median daily rate £475 £500 £500
% change year-on-year -5.00% - -
Number of hourly rates quoted 1,432 2,509 1,726
10th Percentile £14.20 £12.75 £12.28
25th Percentile £17.42 £16.12 £16.85
Median hourly rate £25.15 £37.50 £38.18
Median % change year-on-year -32.93% -1.77% +46.83%
75th Percentile £53.75 £61.30 £65.00
90th Percentile £70.00 £72.50 £75.59
UK excluding London median hourly rate £24.66 £38.12 £35.00
% change year-on-year -35.31% +8.91% +66.67%

TDD
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing TDD as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Contractor Daily Rate Trend

3-month moving average daily rate quoted in jobs citing TDD.

Daily rate trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Daily Rate Histogram

Daily rate distribution for jobs citing TDD over the 6 months to 6 July 2025.

Daily rate histogram for TDD in the UK

TDD
Contractor Hourly Rate Trend

3-month moving average hourly rates quoted in jobs citing TDD.

Hourly rate trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Hourly Rate Histogram

Hourly rate distribution of jobs citing TDD over the 6 months to 6 July 2025.

Hourly rate histogram for TDD in the UK

TDD
Top 16 Contract Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median contractor rates quoted in IT jobs citing TDD within the UK over the 6 months to 6 July 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Contract
IT Job Ads
Median
Daily Rate
Past 6 Months
Median Daily Rate
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -18 562 £525 -4.55% 771
London -29 335 £611 +1.83% 318
Work from Home +45 261 £534 +6.70% 502
UK excluding London +34 251 £467 -6.65% 506
North of England +20 87 £480 -12.73% 234
North West +29 47 £464 -15.59% 176
Midlands +43 43 £463 +2.78% 53
South East +27 33 £345 -13.75% 86
Yorkshire +5 33 £520 -5.50% 49
Scotland +13 32 £475 +2.70% 32
South West +34 28 £390 -31.43% 41
West Midlands +23 28 £480 +6.67% 38
East of England -9 23 £489 -0.65% 55
East Midlands +15 15 £380 -4.40% 15
North East -1 8 £480 +2.13% 9
Wales - 5 £400 - 10

TDD
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 47 (6.94%) Confluence
2 11 (1.62%) Apache
3 9 (1.33%) Camunda
4 8 (1.18%) Alfresco
5 7 (1.03%) Apache Spark
5 7 (1.03%) CMS
6 4 (0.59%) Drupal
6 4 (0.59%) JBoss
6 4 (0.59%) WordPress
7 2 (0.30%) Anypoint
7 2 (0.30%) WebLogic
8 1 (0.15%) Apache Airflow
8 1 (0.15%) Headless CMS
8 1 (0.15%) IIS
8 1 (0.15%) MQSeries
8 1 (0.15%) nginx
8 1 (0.15%) Oracle Coherence
8 1 (0.15%) SharePoint
8 1 (0.15%) Tomcat
8 1 (0.15%) WebSphere
Applications
1 2 (0.30%) Trello
2 1 (0.15%) Microsoft Office
Business Applications
1 4 (0.59%) Dynamics CRM
2 3 (0.44%) Aladdin
3 1 (0.15%) SAP HCM
Cloud Services
1 290 (42.84%) AWS
2 209 (30.87%) Azure
3 82 (12.11%) GCP
4 77 (11.37%) Azure DevOps
5 69 (10.19%) GitHub
6 53 (7.83%) Serverless
7 36 (5.32%) AWS Lambda
8 32 (4.73%) Amazon S3
9 30 (4.43%) GitHub Actions
10 25 (3.69%) Amazon EC2
11 19 (2.81%) Amazon SQS
12 18 (2.66%) AWS CloudFormation
13 15 (2.22%) Amazon CloudWatch
14 13 (1.92%) Azure Service Bus
14 13 (1.92%) Route 53
14 13 (1.92%) SaaS
15 12 (1.77%) Amazon EKS
15 12 (1.77%) OpenShift
16 11 (1.62%) Azure Data Factory
17 10 (1.48%) Power Platform
Communications & Networking
1 13 (1.92%) Ethernet
2 12 (1.77%) Firewall
2 12 (1.77%) TCP/IP
3 5 (0.74%) HTTP
4 4 (0.59%) Internet
4 4 (0.59%) Network Security
4 4 (0.59%) Wireless
5 2 (0.30%) SAN
5 2 (0.30%) VPN
6 1 (0.15%) SSL
6 1 (0.15%) tcpdump
6 1 (0.15%) X.509
Database & Business Intelligence
1 151 (22.30%) PostgreSQL
2 83 (12.26%) Relational Database
3 55 (8.12%) NoSQL
4 49 (7.24%) MongoDB
5 47 (6.94%) SQL Server
6 28 (4.14%) MySQL
7 25 (3.69%) Redis
8 23 (3.40%) Amazon Aurora
8 23 (3.40%) Amazon RDS
9 18 (2.66%) DynamoDB
10 7 (1.03%) Azure SQL Database
10 7 (1.03%) DocumentDB
11 6 (0.89%) CockroachDB
11 6 (0.89%) Oracle Database
12 5 (0.74%) Apache Cassandra
12 5 (0.74%) Big Data
12 5 (0.74%) RDBMS
13 4 (0.59%) Amazon Redshift
13 4 (0.59%) GIS
13 4 (0.59%) KDB
Development Applications
1 159 (23.49%) Jenkins
2 122 (18.02%) Git
3 118 (17.43%) JUnit
4 71 (10.49%) JIRA
5 70 (10.34%) Mockito
6 63 (9.31%) Gradle
7 56 (8.27%) Cucumber
8 55 (8.12%) Maven
9 48 (7.09%) GitLab
10 47 (6.94%) Liquibase
11 37 (5.47%) Selenium
12 32 (4.73%) SonarQube
13 28 (4.14%) Cypress.io
14 19 (2.81%) Postman
15 16 (2.36%) Bitbucket
15 16 (2.36%) REST Assured
16 14 (2.07%) Visual Studio
17 13 (1.92%) Xcode
18 12 (1.77%) Bitbucket Server
18 12 (1.77%) Eclipse
General
1 171 (25.26%) Social Skills
2 158 (23.34%) Finance
3 123 (18.17%) Public Sector
4 93 (13.74%) Banking
5 59 (8.71%) Analytical Skills
5 59 (8.71%) Investment Banking
6 38 (5.61%) Marketing
6 38 (5.61%) Telecoms
7 37 (5.47%) Front Office
8 36 (5.32%) Electronics
8 36 (5.32%) Manufacturing
9 20 (2.95%) Presentation Skills
10 18 (2.66%) Military
11 11 (1.62%) Inclusion and Diversity
12 7 (1.03%) Retail Banking
13 5 (0.74%) Back Office
13 5 (0.74%) Documentation Skills
13 5 (0.74%) Multimedia
14 3 (0.44%) Automotive
14 3 (0.44%) Law
Job Titles
1 423 (62.48%) Developer
2 175 (25.85%) Java Developer
3 133 (19.65%) Senior
4 89 (13.15%) Senior Developer
5 85 (12.56%) Software Engineer
6 83 (12.26%) Lead
7 62 (9.16%) Full-Stack Developer
8 55 (8.12%) Lead Developer
9 51 (7.53%) Senior Java Developer
10 45 (6.65%) .NET Developer
11 39 (5.76%) Full-Stack Engineer
12 36 (5.32%) C# Developer
12 36 (5.32%) Lead Java Developer
13 33 (4.87%) Java Engineer
14 31 (4.58%) SC Cleared Java Developer
15 26 (3.84%) AWS Developer
15 26 (3.84%) React Developer
16 23 (3.40%) DevOps Engineer
16 23 (3.40%) Full-Stack Software Engineer
16 23 (3.40%) Scala Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 167 (24.67%) React
2 150 (22.16%) Spring
3 144 (21.27%) Spring Boot
4 142 (20.97%) Kafka
5 113 (16.69%) REST
6 107 (15.81%) Node.js
7 97 (14.33%) .NET
8 95 (14.03%) RESTful
9 89 (13.15%) AngularJS
10 85 (12.56%) HTML
11 66 (9.75%) CSS
12 53 (7.83%) Swagger
13 49 (7.24%) Web Services
14 47 (6.94%) OpenAPI
15 46 (6.79%) .NET Core
15 46 (6.79%) Hibernate
16 44 (6.50%) JPA
17 42 (6.20%) Redux
18 38 (5.61%) SOAP
19 37 (5.47%) Vue
Miscellaneous
1 47 (6.94%) Product Ownership
2 42 (6.20%) Fixed Income
3 36 (5.32%) Distributed Systems
4 34 (5.02%) Cloud Native
5 25 (3.69%) Equities
6 23 (3.40%) Derivative
7 22 (3.25%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
7 22 (3.25%) Hedge funds
7 22 (3.25%) Mobile App
8 21 (3.10%) Public Cloud
9 20 (2.95%) Management Information System
10 19 (2.81%) Algorithms
11 15 (2.22%) Market Risk
11 15 (2.22%) PKI
12 14 (2.07%) Enterprise Software
13 13 (1.92%) Greenfield Project
14 12 (1.77%) Self-Motivation
14 12 (1.77%) Virtual Team
15 10 (1.48%) N-Tier
16 9 (1.33%) Credit Risk
Operating Systems
1 55 (8.12%) Linux
2 25 (3.69%) Android
3 22 (3.25%) Windows
4 15 (2.22%) Unix
5 14 (2.07%) Apple iOS
6 5 (0.74%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 3 (0.44%) Windows Server
8 1 (0.15%) VMS
Processes & Methodologies
1 461 (68.09%) Agile
2 322 (47.56%) CI/CD
3 259 (38.26%) DevOps
4 235 (34.71%) Microservices
5 201 (29.69%) Software Engineering
6 197 (29.10%) BDD
7 181 (26.74%) Test Automation
8 156 (23.04%) Scrum
9 151 (22.30%) Continuous Integration
10 117 (17.28%) Containerisation
10 117 (17.28%) Full-Stack Development
11 96 (14.18%) Problem-Solving
12 87 (12.85%) Design Patterns
12 87 (12.85%) SOLID
13 84 (12.41%) Unit Testing
14 82 (12.11%) Continuous Delivery
15 79 (11.67%) Clean Code
16 75 (11.08%) Mentoring
17 68 (10.04%) Computer Science
17 68 (10.04%) OO
Programming Languages
1 359 (53.03%) Java
2 177 (26.14%) JavaScript
3 175 (25.85%) SQL
4 157 (23.19%) Python
5 136 (20.09%) TypeScript
6 114 (16.84%) C#
7 40 (5.91%) Kotlin
8 38 (5.61%) Scala
9 29 (4.28%) C++
10 26 (3.84%) Go
11 22 (3.25%) Shell Script
12 18 (2.66%) Bash
13 17 (2.51%) PowerShell
14 12 (1.77%) Ruby
14 12 (1.77%) Swift
15 10 (1.48%) Objective-C
16 8 (1.18%) C
16 8 (1.18%) Perl
17 7 (1.03%) PHP
17 7 (1.03%) T-SQL
Qualifications
1 147 (21.71%) Security Cleared
2 137 (20.24%) SC Cleared
3 62 (9.16%) Degree
4 26 (3.84%) Computer Science Degree
5 20 (2.95%) Numerate Degree
6 9 (1.33%) Azure Certification
6 9 (1.33%) BPSS Clearance
7 7 (1.03%) Microsoft Certification
8 5 (0.74%) ISTQB
8 5 (0.74%) MCPD
8 5 (0.74%) MCSD
9 3 (0.44%) ISTQB Foundation Certification
10 2 (0.30%) AWS Certification
10 2 (0.30%) DBS Check
10 2 (0.30%) ISEB
10 2 (0.30%) SAFe Agilist
10 2 (0.30%) TOGAF Certification
11 1 (0.15%) OCA
11 1 (0.15%) Oracle Certification
11 1 (0.15%) PMI Certification
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 59 (8.71%) QA
2 50 (7.39%) Accessibility
3 17 (2.51%) WCAG
4 5 (0.74%) Data Quality
4 5 (0.74%) PCI DSS
5 2 (0.30%) Disclosure Scotland
5 2 (0.30%) GDPR
5 2 (0.30%) HL7
6 1 (0.15%) Cyber Essentials
6 1 (0.15%) Cyber Essentials PLUS
6 1 (0.15%) DICOM
6 1 (0.15%) ISO 13485
6 1 (0.15%) ISO/IEC 27001
6 1 (0.15%) NIST
6 1 (0.15%) SLA
6 1 (0.15%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 199 (29.39%) Docker
2 9 (1.33%) Postfix
3 4 (0.59%) Apache ZooKeeper
4 3 (0.44%) Active Directory
5 1 (0.15%) Embedded Firmware
5 1 (0.15%) Firmware
5 1 (0.15%) VMware Infrastructure
Systems Management
1 135 (19.94%) Kubernetes
2 72 (10.64%) Terraform
3 32 (4.73%) Ansible
4 26 (3.84%) Grafana
5 25 (3.69%) Prometheus
6 7 (1.03%) Kibana
7 5 (0.74%) Progress Chef
8 3 (0.44%) Puppet
9 2 (0.30%) CloudHub
9 2 (0.30%) Istio
9 2 (0.30%) Single Sign-On
9 2 (0.30%) vRealize
10 1 (0.15%) Docker Swarm
10 1 (0.15%) HP ALM
10 1 (0.15%) HP Quality Center
10 1 (0.15%) Kubeflow
10 1 (0.15%) PowerCLI
10 1 (0.15%) vCenter Server
Vendors
1 75 (11.08%) Microsoft
2 39 (5.76%) SAP
3 30 (4.43%) Oracle
4 16 (2.36%) Google
5 12 (1.77%) Atlassian
6 10 (1.48%) Jaspersoft
7 9 (1.33%) CA Agile Central
7 9 (1.33%) Splunk
8 8 (1.18%) Databricks
8 8 (1.18%) Veracode
9 7 (1.03%) Salesforce
10 6 (0.89%) TIBCO
11 5 (0.74%) AppDynamics
11 5 (0.74%) Dynatrace
12 4 (0.59%) IBM
12 4 (0.59%) Red Hat
12 4 (0.59%) Zend
13 3 (0.44%) HP
13 3 (0.44%) Perforce
13 3 (0.44%) VMware