Test-Driven Development (TDD)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies requiring TDD skills. It includes a benchmarking guide to the annual salaries offered in vacancies that cited TDD over the 6 months leading up to 30 April 2025, comparing them to the same period in the previous two years.

6 months to
30 Apr 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 208 112 76
Rank change year-on-year -96 -36 -33
Permanent jobs citing TDD 775 2,338 4,284
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 1.49% 2.38% 4.12%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 1.59% 2.76% 4.31%
Number of salaries quoted 583 1,800 2,736
10th Percentile £47,500 £41,250 £46,625
25th Percentile £57,500 £48,750 £56,250
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £60,000 £70,000
Median % change year-on-year +16.67% -14.29% +3.93%
75th Percentile £93,764 £82,500 £90,000
90th Percentile £112,250 £100,000 £107,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £65,000 £57,500 £62,500
% change year-on-year +13.04% -8.00% +8.70%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

TDD falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 48,641 84,574 99,457
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 93.26% 86.00% 95.63%
Number of salaries quoted 26,531 59,798 58,397
10th Percentile £30,580 £29,000 £34,000
25th Percentile £42,500 £40,000 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £57,500 £55,000 £61,500
Median % change year-on-year +4.55% -10.57% +2.50%
75th Percentile £76,250 £72,500 £82,500
90th Percentile £98,750 £92,500 £100,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £52,500 £50,000 £55,000
% change year-on-year +5.00% -9.09% +4.76%

TDD
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing TDD as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing TDD.

Salary trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing TDD over the 6 months to 30 April 2025.

Salary histogram for TDD in the UK

TDD
Top 16 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing TDD within the UK over the 6 months to 30 April 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -70 698 £67,500 +12.50% 556
UK excluding London -97 452 £65,000 +13.04% 346
Work from Home -47 376 £67,500 +12.50% 411
London -34 329 £82,500 - 248
South East -34 150 £62,500 +8.70% 49
North of England -83 141 £66,250 +15.22% 156
North West -90 104 £65,000 +8.33% 115
Scotland -19 53 £79,569 +44.67% 28
Midlands -36 36 £60,000 +14.29% 47
South West +35 34 £67,500 +12.50% 27
West Midlands -20 31 £60,000 +14.29% 30
Yorkshire +1 27 £78,810 +43.29% 32
East of England -22 26 £67,500 +12.50% 29
Wales +24 12 £69,520 +54.49% 9
North East +24 10 £55,000 - 10
East Midlands +20 5 £40,000 -23.81% 17

TDD
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 29 (3.74%) Confluence
2 15 (1.94%) Apache Spark
3 13 (1.68%) CMS
3 13 (1.68%) JBoss
4 12 (1.55%) Red Hat Fuse
5 11 (1.42%) Apache Airflow
6 8 (1.03%) OpenStack
7 6 (0.77%) Apache
8 5 (0.65%) Liferay
9 4 (0.52%) GemFire
9 4 (0.52%) Headless CMS
9 4 (0.52%) IIS
9 4 (0.52%) Microsoft Exchange
9 4 (0.52%) WordPress
10 3 (0.39%) Oracle SOA Suite
10 3 (0.39%) SharePoint
11 1 (0.13%) Drupal
11 1 (0.13%) EPiServer
11 1 (0.13%) NServiceBus
11 1 (0.13%) Umbraco
Applications
1 3 (0.39%) MS Visio
2 1 (0.13%) AutoCAD
2 1 (0.13%) Revit
2 1 (0.13%) Trello
Business Applications
1 10 (1.29%) Dynamics CRM
2 3 (0.39%) Payment Gateway
Cloud Services
1 305 (39.35%) AWS
2 225 (29.03%) Azure
3 113 (14.58%) GCP
4 91 (11.74%) Serverless
5 78 (10.06%) SaaS
6 55 (7.10%) GitHub
7 48 (6.19%) Amazon EC2
8 41 (5.29%) Amazon ECS
8 41 (5.29%) Amazon EKS
9 37 (4.77%) AWS Lambda
10 34 (4.39%) Azure DevOps
11 26 (3.35%) Amazon S3
12 25 (3.23%) Dynamics 365
12 25 (3.23%) Power Platform
13 22 (2.84%) Amazon SQS
14 20 (2.58%) PowerApps
15 17 (2.19%) Azure Synapse Analytics
16 15 (1.94%) IBM Cloud
17 13 (1.68%) Apigee
17 13 (1.68%) Google Kubernetes Engine
Communications & Networking
1 10 (1.29%) Wireless
2 9 (1.16%) Internet
3 8 (1.03%) Bluetooth
4 7 (0.90%) Modbus
4 7 (0.90%) Profibus
4 7 (0.90%) RS-232
4 7 (0.90%) RS-485
4 7 (0.90%) ZigBee
5 6 (0.77%) FTP
6 4 (0.52%) 3GPP
6 4 (0.52%) 5G
7 2 (0.26%) HTTP
7 2 (0.26%) Network Security
8 1 (0.13%) Broadband
8 1 (0.13%) Ethernet
8 1 (0.13%) SAN
8 1 (0.13%) TCP/IP
8 1 (0.13%) Wi-Fi
Database & Business Intelligence
1 89 (11.48%) PostgreSQL
2 85 (10.97%) SQL Server
3 79 (10.19%) NoSQL
4 65 (8.39%) Relational Database
5 64 (8.26%) MongoDB
6 40 (5.16%) MySQL
7 30 (3.87%) Elasticsearch
8 27 (3.48%) Redis
9 25 (3.23%) RDBMS
10 19 (2.45%) Azure SQL Database
10 19 (2.45%) DynamoDB
11 16 (2.06%) Big Data
12 14 (1.81%) SQLite
13 9 (1.16%) Amazon RDS
13 9 (1.16%) Power BI
14 8 (1.03%) Apache Hive
14 8 (1.03%) Data Lake
15 7 (0.90%) DocumentDB
16 6 (0.77%) Apache Cassandra
16 6 (0.77%) Couchbase
Development Applications
1 187 (24.13%) Git
2 135 (17.42%) Jenkins
3 63 (8.13%) JUnit
4 50 (6.45%) JIRA
5 46 (5.94%) Maven
6 35 (4.52%) SonarQube
7 28 (3.61%) Mockito
8 20 (2.58%) JMeter
9 19 (2.45%) Selenium
10 17 (2.19%) Cucumber
10 17 (2.19%) Gradle
10 17 (2.19%) Octopus Deploy
11 16 (2.06%) IntelliJ
12 14 (1.81%) Visual Studio
13 13 (1.68%) Sonatype Nexus
14 12 (1.55%) webpack
15 10 (1.29%) Artifactory
15 10 (1.29%) GitLab
15 10 (1.29%) NUnit
16 9 (1.16%) Jasmine
General
1 220 (28.39%) Finance
2 151 (19.48%) Social Skills
3 136 (17.55%) Banking
4 65 (8.39%) Public Sector
5 50 (6.45%) Tech for Good
6 40 (5.16%) Analytical Skills
7 36 (4.65%) Front Office
7 36 (4.65%) Inclusion and Diversity
8 28 (3.61%) Financial Institution
9 25 (3.23%) Games
10 22 (2.84%) Health Technology
11 21 (2.71%) Organisational Skills
11 21 (2.71%) Retail
12 19 (2.45%) Publishing
13 18 (2.32%) Manufacturing
14 17 (2.19%) Law
15 14 (1.81%) Electronics
15 14 (1.81%) Retail Banking
16 13 (1.68%) Influencing Skills
17 11 (1.42%) Marketing
Job Titles
1 318 (41.03%) Developer
2 245 (31.61%) Software Engineer
3 224 (28.90%) Senior
4 114 (14.71%) Lead
5 103 (13.29%) Senior Software Engineer
6 73 (9.42%) Java Developer
7 71 (9.16%) Java Engineer
8 69 (8.90%) Full-Stack Developer
9 63 (8.13%) .NET Developer
9 63 (8.13%) Senior Developer
10 39 (5.03%) Full-Stack Engineer
10 39 (5.03%) Senior Java Engineer
11 35 (4.52%) Java Software Engineer
12 34 (4.39%) C# Developer
13 33 (4.26%) Lead Developer
14 29 (3.74%) Full-Stack Software Engineer
14 29 (3.74%) Software Developer
15 20 (2.58%) Lead Software Engineer
15 20 (2.58%) Principal Engineer
16 18 (2.32%) PHP Developer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 211 (27.23%) React
2 200 (25.81%) .NET
3 146 (18.84%) Spring
4 138 (17.81%) REST
5 137 (17.68%) AngularJS
6 132 (17.03%) Spring Boot
7 120 (15.48%) RESTful
8 102 (13.16%) Kafka
9 100 (12.90%) HTML
10 95 (12.26%) Node.js
11 84 (10.84%) CSS
12 73 (9.42%) .NET Core
13 69 (8.90%) Web Services
14 63 (8.13%) Vue
15 52 (6.71%) .NET Framework
16 40 (5.16%) Hibernate
17 37 (4.77%) Laravel
18 34 (4.39%) Entity Framework
18 34 (4.39%) GraphQL
18 34 (4.39%) Redux
Miscellaneous
1 83 (10.71%) Distributed Systems
2 47 (6.06%) Cloud Native
3 29 (3.74%) Management Information System
4 28 (3.61%) Product Ownership
5 26 (3.35%) Mobile App
6 23 (2.97%) Greenfield Project
6 23 (2.97%) Public Cloud
7 20 (2.58%) Algorithms
7 20 (2.58%) Data Structures
8 19 (2.45%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
9 17 (2.19%) e-Learning
10 15 (1.94%) Blockchain
10 15 (1.94%) Equities
10 15 (1.94%) Hybrid Cloud
11 14 (1.81%) Fixed Income
11 14 (1.81%) Virtual Team
12 12 (1.55%) Hedge funds
12 12 (1.55%) Reference Data
12 12 (1.55%) Replication
13 9 (1.16%) Derivative
Operating Systems
1 45 (5.81%) Linux
2 25 (3.23%) Unix
3 21 (2.71%) Android
4 16 (2.06%) Apple iOS
5 13 (1.68%) Windows
6 7 (0.90%) FreeRTOS
7 4 (0.52%) Windows Server
8 1 (0.13%) Debian
Processes & Methodologies
1 475 (61.29%) Agile
2 369 (47.61%) Software Engineering
3 289 (37.29%) CI/CD
4 288 (37.16%) Microservices
5 243 (31.35%) DevOps
6 211 (27.23%) BDD
7 181 (23.35%) Full-Stack Development
8 166 (21.42%) Mentoring
9 150 (19.35%) Test Automation
10 140 (18.06%) Problem-Solving
10 140 (18.06%) Unit Testing
11 131 (16.90%) Pair Programming
12 128 (16.52%) Scrum
13 118 (15.23%) Design Patterns
14 107 (13.81%) Continuous Integration
15 97 (12.52%) SDLC
16 95 (12.26%) SOLID
17 80 (10.32%) Code Quality
18 78 (10.06%) Containerisation
19 76 (9.81%) OO
Programming Languages
1 302 (38.97%) Java
2 222 (28.65%) JavaScript
3 213 (27.48%) C#
4 179 (23.10%) SQL
5 176 (22.71%) Python
6 136 (17.55%) TypeScript
7 69 (8.90%) PHP
8 38 (4.90%) Go
9 23 (2.97%) Shell Script
10 17 (2.19%) C++
10 17 (2.19%) Kotlin
11 12 (1.55%) C
12 11 (1.42%) Swift
13 10 (1.29%) Bash
13 10 (1.29%) Ruby
14 8 (1.03%) Scala
15 5 (0.65%) Bicep
15 5 (0.65%) Delphi
15 5 (0.65%) T-SQL
16 4 (0.52%) Apex Code
Qualifications
1 81 (10.45%) Degree
2 63 (8.13%) Security Cleared
3 41 (5.29%) SC Cleared
4 18 (2.32%) Computer Science Degree
5 16 (2.06%) Master's Degree
6 14 (1.81%) PhD
7 9 (1.16%) AWS Certification
8 8 (1.03%) OCP
8 8 (1.03%) Oracle Certification
9 7 (0.90%) Azure Certification
10 6 (0.77%) DV Cleared
11 5 (0.65%) Microsoft Certification
12 3 (0.39%) HND
13 2 (0.26%) BPSS Clearance
14 1 (0.13%) Numerate Degree
14 1 (0.13%) SANS
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 77 (9.94%) QA
2 29 (3.74%) Accessibility
3 15 (1.94%) SLA
4 5 (0.65%) Software Quality Assurance
5 4 (0.52%) NCSC
6 3 (0.39%) GDPR
7 1 (0.13%) GRC
7 1 (0.13%) PCI DSS
System Software
1 232 (29.94%) Docker
2 8 (1.03%) Embedded Firmware
2 8 (1.03%) Firmware
3 5 (0.65%) Active Directory
4 4 (0.52%) VMware Infrastructure
5 2 (0.26%) Postfix
6 1 (0.13%) Virtual Machines
Systems Management
1 235 (30.32%) Kubernetes
2 75 (9.68%) Terraform
3 25 (3.23%) Ansible
4 18 (2.32%) Kibana
5 13 (1.68%) Istio
6 5 (0.65%) Grafana
7 3 (0.39%) Control-M
8 2 (0.26%) MIIS
8 2 (0.26%) Progress Chef
8 2 (0.26%) Puppet
9 1 (0.13%) Prometheus
9 1 (0.13%) vRealize
Vendors
1 62 (8.00%) Microsoft
2 34 (4.39%) Google
3 26 (3.35%) Databricks
4 22 (2.84%) Splunk
5 20 (2.58%) Oracle
6 19 (2.45%) Dynatrace
6 19 (2.45%) IBM
7 17 (2.19%) Red Hat
8 9 (1.16%) Atlassian
9 6 (0.77%) SAP
10 5 (0.65%) Salesforce
10 5 (0.65%) VMware
11 4 (0.52%) Adobe
11 4 (0.52%) EMC
11 4 (0.52%) Solace
11 4 (0.52%) Tealium
11 4 (0.52%) TIBCO
12 3 (0.39%) Borland
12 3 (0.39%) Sage
12 3 (0.39%) Snowplow