Test-Driven Development (TDD)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies requiring TDD skills. It includes a benchmarking guide to the annual salaries offered in vacancies that cited TDD over the 6 months leading up to 20 June 2025, comparing them to the same period in the previous two years.

6 months to
20 Jun 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 202 121 81
Rank change year-on-year -81 -40 -36
Permanent jobs citing TDD 927 2,377 3,503
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 1.65% 2.13% 3.83%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 1.79% 2.59% 4.01%
Number of salaries quoted 510 1,807 2,244
10th Percentile £50,000 £41,250 £45,000
25th Percentile £60,000 £48,750 £55,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £70,000 £60,000 £70,000
Median % change year-on-year +16.67% -14.29% +7.69%
75th Percentile £93,778 £79,225 £91,250
90th Percentile £115,000 £97,889 £107,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £67,500 £57,500 £62,500
% change year-on-year +17.39% -8.00% +8.70%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

TDD falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 51,917 91,690 87,314
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 92.38% 82.10% 95.43%
Number of salaries quoted 26,105 63,362 53,134
10th Percentile £27,500 £29,750 £33,750
25th Percentile £39,250 £40,000 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £55,000 £55,000 £60,800
Median % change year-on-year - -9.54% +1.33%
75th Percentile £75,000 £72,500 £80,750
90th Percentile £97,500 £91,991 £100,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £50,055 £50,000 £55,000
% change year-on-year +0.11% -9.09% +4.76%

TDD
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing TDD as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing TDD.

Salary trend for TDD in the UK

TDD
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing TDD over the 6 months to 20 June 2025.

Salary histogram for TDD in the UK

TDD
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing TDD within the UK over the 6 months to 20 June 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -71 799 £70,000 +16.67% 2,227
UK excluding London -71 592 £67,500 +17.39% 1,458
Work from Home -65 495 £70,000 +16.67% 1,422
London -18 343 £82,500 +3.13% 921
North of England -91 176 £70,000 +19.66% 502
South East -61 143 £65,000 +13.04% 363
North West -84 141 £65,000 +8.33% 355
Scotland +8 111 £85,253 +42.09% 86
Midlands +50 100 £64,000 +21.90% 145
West Midlands +33 63 £65,000 +23.81% 90
East Midlands +56 37 £47,500 -5.00% 55
South West +34 33 £67,500 +12.50% 158
Yorkshire -18 26 £70,500 +34.29% 112
East of England -50 24 £60,000 - 147
North East +20 9 £55,000 -0.16% 36
Wales +21 8 £70,000 +47.37% 36
Northern Ireland +35 1 £45,000 -40.32% 34

TDD
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 192 (20.71%) Confluence
2 19 (2.05%) CMS
3 17 (1.83%) Apache
4 15 (1.62%) Apache Spark
5 14 (1.51%) JBoss
6 13 (1.40%) IIS
6 13 (1.40%) Microsoft Exchange
6 13 (1.40%) Red Hat Fuse
7 6 (0.65%) OpenStack
7 6 (0.65%) WordPress
8 5 (0.54%) Liferay
9 4 (0.43%) Apache Airflow
9 4 (0.43%) GemFire
9 4 (0.43%) Headless CMS
10 3 (0.32%) Drupal
10 3 (0.32%) Oracle SOA Suite
11 2 (0.22%) NServiceBus
11 2 (0.22%) SharePoint
11 2 (0.22%) Umbraco
12 1 (0.11%) EPiServer
Applications
1 4 (0.43%) Chatbot
2 2 (0.22%) Adobe Illustrator
2 2 (0.22%) Elementor
2 2 (0.22%) Photoshop
Business Applications
1 6 (0.65%) Dynamics CRM
2 5 (0.54%) Payment Gateway
3 1 (0.11%) Magento
Cloud Services
1 512 (55.23%) AWS
2 371 (40.02%) Azure
3 268 (28.91%) GCP
4 107 (11.54%) Serverless
5 71 (7.66%) SaaS
6 59 (6.36%) Amazon EC2
7 57 (6.15%) AWS Lambda
8 55 (5.93%) GitHub
9 50 (5.39%) Amazon ECS
10 47 (5.07%) Amazon S3
11 39 (4.21%) Amazon EKS
12 29 (3.13%) Amazon SQS
13 26 (2.80%) Azure DevOps
14 16 (1.73%) Power Platform
14 16 (1.73%) Route 53
15 15 (1.62%) Azure Synapse Analytics
16 14 (1.51%) Amazon CloudWatch
16 14 (1.51%) Azure API Management
16 14 (1.51%) Cloud Computing
16 14 (1.51%) PowerApps
Communications & Networking
1 10 (1.08%) Internet
2 6 (0.65%) Wireless
3 4 (0.43%) Bluetooth
3 4 (0.43%) DNS
3 4 (0.43%) FTP
3 4 (0.43%) Kerberos
3 4 (0.43%) Modbus
3 4 (0.43%) Profibus
3 4 (0.43%) RS-232
3 4 (0.43%) RS-485
3 4 (0.43%) ZigBee
4 3 (0.32%) 3GPP
4 3 (0.32%) 5G
5 2 (0.22%) HTTP
6 1 (0.11%) Broadband
6 1 (0.11%) Ethernet
6 1 (0.11%) Network Security
6 1 (0.11%) RFID
6 1 (0.11%) SAN
6 1 (0.11%) TCP/IP
Database & Business Intelligence
1 215 (23.19%) SQL Server
2 101 (10.90%) PostgreSQL
3 80 (8.63%) MongoDB
4 72 (7.77%) NoSQL
5 67 (7.23%) Relational Database
6 48 (5.18%) DynamoDB
7 40 (4.31%) Elasticsearch
7 40 (4.31%) MySQL
8 34 (3.67%) RDBMS
9 27 (2.91%) Big Data
10 26 (2.80%) Amazon RDS
11 25 (2.70%) Azure SQL Database
12 22 (2.37%) Redis
13 19 (2.05%) Amazon Athena
14 16 (1.73%) Amazon Aurora
15 13 (1.40%) Data Hub
15 13 (1.40%) SQL CLR
16 10 (1.08%) Apache Cassandra
17 9 (0.97%) Apache Iceberg
18 8 (0.86%) Data Warehouse
Development Applications
1 216 (23.30%) JIRA
1 216 (23.30%) Maven
2 196 (21.14%) SonarQube
3 176 (18.99%) Selenium
4 173 (18.66%) GitLab
5 171 (18.45%) Cucumber
5 171 (18.45%) Git
6 169 (18.23%) Sonatype Nexus
7 165 (17.80%) Bitbucket
8 128 (13.81%) Jenkins
9 80 (8.63%) JUnit
10 38 (4.10%) Mockito
11 19 (2.05%) JMeter
12 14 (1.51%) Gradle
12 14 (1.51%) IntelliJ
13 13 (1.40%) NUnit
14 12 (1.29%) DbUnit
14 12 (1.29%) jMock
15 11 (1.19%) Bitbucket Server
15 11 (1.19%) Octopus Deploy
General
1 428 (46.17%) Finance
2 294 (31.72%) Banking
3 236 (25.46%) Inclusion and Diversity
4 141 (15.21%) Social Skills
5 66 (7.12%) Law
6 59 (6.36%) Public Sector
7 53 (5.72%) Front Office
8 46 (4.96%) Tech for Good
9 40 (4.31%) Analytical Skills
10 35 (3.78%) Marketing
11 31 (3.34%) Financial Institution
12 28 (3.02%) Games
13 19 (2.05%) Investment Banking
14 18 (1.94%) Health Technology
15 17 (1.83%) Publishing
16 16 (1.73%) Retail
17 13 (1.40%) Back Office
18 10 (1.08%) Organisational Skills
19 9 (0.97%) Manufacturing
19 9 (0.97%) Retail Banking
Job Titles
1 398 (42.93%) Software Engineer
2 376 (40.56%) Developer
3 185 (19.96%) Senior
4 120 (12.94%) Lead
5 105 (11.33%) Java Developer
6 95 (10.25%) Java Engineer
7 76 (8.20%) Senior Software Engineer
8 75 (8.09%) Senior Developer
9 71 (7.66%) Java Software Engineer
10 69 (7.44%) Full-Stack Developer
11 67 (7.23%) .NET Developer
12 60 (6.47%) Software Developer
13 46 (4.96%) Lead Developer
14 45 (4.85%) Full-Stack Engineer
15 34 (3.67%) Full-Stack Software Engineer
16 33 (3.56%) Lead Software Engineer
17 30 (3.24%) C# Developer
18 27 (2.91%) Senior Java Engineer
19 26 (2.80%) Developer/Software Engineer
20 24 (2.59%) Python Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 376 (40.56%) React
2 343 (37.00%) Spring
3 306 (33.01%) Spring Boot
4 267 (28.80%) Kafka
5 256 (27.62%) HTML
6 238 (25.67%) CSS
7 211 (22.76%) Hibernate
8 186 (20.06%) Redux
9 181 (19.53%) JPA
10 163 (17.58%) .NET
11 153 (16.50%) REST
12 152 (16.40%) AngularJS
13 116 (12.51%) RESTful
14 83 (8.95%) Node.js
15 74 (7.98%) .NET Core
16 73 (7.87%) Web Services
17 69 (7.44%) Vue
18 57 (6.15%) .NET Framework
19 46 (4.96%) Entity Framework
20 37 (3.99%) ASP.NET
Miscellaneous
1 231 (24.92%) Product Ownership
2 163 (17.58%) Enterprise Software
3 92 (9.92%) Distributed Systems
4 55 (5.93%) Cloud Native
5 42 (4.53%) Public Cloud
6 39 (4.21%) Algorithms
7 27 (2.91%) Data Structures
7 27 (2.91%) Mobile App
8 26 (2.80%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
9 24 (2.59%) Private Cloud
10 21 (2.27%) Equities
10 21 (2.27%) Fixed Income
11 19 (2.05%) Legacy Systems
12 18 (1.94%) Hedge funds
13 17 (1.83%) Greenfield Project
13 17 (1.83%) Team-Oriented Environment
14 16 (1.73%) Derivative
15 15 (1.62%) Management Information System
16 13 (1.40%) Virtual Team
17 12 (1.29%) Replication
Operating Systems
1 60 (6.47%) Linux
2 40 (4.31%) Unix
3 24 (2.59%) Windows
4 18 (1.94%) Android
5 13 (1.40%) Windows Server
6 8 (0.86%) Apple iOS
7 4 (0.43%) FreeRTOS
8 1 (0.11%) Debian
Processes & Methodologies
1 687 (74.11%) Agile
2 527 (56.85%) Software Engineering
3 467 (50.38%) Microservices
4 445 (48.00%) CI/CD
5 394 (42.50%) DevOps
6 350 (37.76%) Full-Stack Development
7 343 (37.00%) Test Automation
8 249 (26.86%) SDLC
9 240 (25.89%) Containerisation
10 237 (25.57%) Continuous Improvement
11 230 (24.81%) Clean Code
12 198 (21.36%) Front End Development
13 194 (20.93%) BDD
14 174 (18.77%) Performance Optimisation
15 147 (15.86%) Scrum
16 146 (15.75%) Problem-Solving
17 127 (13.70%) Pair Programming
18 125 (13.48%) Mentoring
19 111 (11.97%) Continuous Integration
19 111 (11.97%) Unit Testing
Programming Languages
1 478 (51.56%) Java
2 380 (40.99%) JavaScript
3 356 (38.40%) SQL
4 189 (20.39%) Python
5 175 (18.88%) C#
6 156 (16.83%) TypeScript
7 49 (5.29%) PHP
8 34 (3.67%) Shell Script
9 33 (3.56%) Go
10 15 (1.62%) Kotlin
11 14 (1.51%) C++
12 11 (1.19%) Bash
12 11 (1.19%) Ruby
13 10 (1.08%) PL/SQL
14 9 (0.97%) C
15 8 (0.86%) Swift
16 5 (0.54%) Scala
17 4 (0.43%) Apex Code
17 4 (0.43%) Groovy
17 4 (0.43%) PowerShell
Qualifications
1 72 (7.77%) Degree
2 59 (6.36%) Security Cleared
3 51 (5.50%) SC Cleared
4 19 (2.05%) Master's Degree
5 17 (1.83%) Computer Science Degree
5 17 (1.83%) PhD
6 10 (1.08%) AWS Certification
7 8 (0.86%) DV Cleared
8 5 (0.54%) AWS Certified Solutions Architect
8 5 (0.54%) Azure Certification
9 4 (0.43%) AWS Certified Developer
10 3 (0.32%) BPSS Clearance
10 3 (0.32%) Microsoft Certification
10 3 (0.32%) Postgraduate
11 2 (0.22%) Numerate Degree
12 1 (0.11%) ISEB
12 1 (0.11%) ISTQB
12 1 (0.11%) PMI Certification
12 1 (0.11%) PMP
12 1 (0.11%) SANS
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 223 (24.06%) QA
2 22 (2.37%) Accessibility
3 16 (1.73%) SLA
4 6 (0.65%) GDPR
5 5 (0.54%) Software Quality Assurance
6 3 (0.32%) NCSC
6 3 (0.32%) PCI DSS
7 1 (0.11%) GRC
System Software
1 404 (43.58%) Docker
2 15 (1.62%) VMware Infrastructure
3 9 (0.97%) Active Directory
4 5 (0.54%) Embedded Firmware
4 5 (0.54%) Firmware
4 5 (0.54%) HDFS
5 4 (0.43%) Postfix
6 2 (0.22%) KVM
6 2 (0.22%) Xen
7 1 (0.11%) Virtual Machines
Systems Management
1 389 (41.96%) Kubernetes
2 93 (10.03%) Terraform
3 31 (3.34%) Ansible
4 17 (1.83%) Kibana
5 12 (1.29%) Grafana
6 11 (1.19%) Istio
7 8 (0.86%) Puppet
8 6 (0.65%) Prometheus
9 4 (0.43%) Progress Chef
9 4 (0.43%) Salt
10 2 (0.22%) CFEngine
11 1 (0.11%) vRealize
Vendors
1 161 (17.37%) Solace
2 81 (8.74%) Microsoft
3 51 (5.50%) Google
4 36 (3.88%) Databricks
5 33 (3.56%) Oracle
6 28 (3.02%) Splunk
7 21 (2.27%) Dynatrace
8 16 (1.73%) VMware
9 15 (1.62%) Atlassian
10 9 (0.97%) IBM
11 5 (0.54%) Adobe
11 5 (0.54%) Cloudera
11 5 (0.54%) Jaspersoft
11 5 (0.54%) Salesforce
12 4 (0.43%) CA Agile Central
12 4 (0.43%) Tealium
12 4 (0.43%) TIBCO
13 3 (0.32%) Confluent
13 3 (0.32%) ServiceNow
13 3 (0.32%) Snowplow