Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI)
UK

The table below looks at the prevalence of the term PKI in permanent job vacancies. Included is a benchmarking guide to the salaries offered in vacancies that have cited PKI over the 6 months to 10 December 2023 with a comparison to the same period over the previous 2 years.

6 months to
10 Dec 2023
Same period 2022 Same period 2021
Rank 446 701 714
Rank change year-on-year +255 +13 -150
Permanent jobs citing PKI 303 397 379
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 0.58% 0.32% 0.30%
As % of the Miscellaneous category 1.57% 0.76% 0.68%
Number of salaries quoted 234 298 259
10th Percentile £42,500 £40,169 £40,000
25th Percentile £52,500 £50,000 £50,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £65,000 £60,000 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year +8.33% - +3.23%
75th Percentile £90,938 £73,750 £73,750
90th Percentile £115,000 £88,750 £85,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £56,525 £57,500 £55,000
% change year-on-year -1.70% +4.55% +10.00%

All Generic Skills
UK

PKI is in the General and Transferable Skills category. The following table is for comparison with the above and provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for generic IT skills 19,243 52,473 55,657
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 36.81% 42.93% 43.80%
Number of salaries quoted 14,017 29,568 33,811
10th Percentile £32,756 £34,996 £33,750
25th Percentile £45,000 £46,250 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £62,500 £64,750 £60,000
Median % change year-on-year -3.47% +7.92% -
75th Percentile £83,750 £85,000 £82,500
90th Percentile £107,500 £105,000 £100,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £55,000 £55,000 £50,000
% change year-on-year - +10.00% -

PKI
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing PKI as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing PKI.

Salary trend for PKI in the UK

PKI
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing PKI over the 6 months to 10 December 2023.

Salary histogram for PKI in the UK

PKI
Top 16 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing PKI within the UK over the 6 months to 10 December 2023. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England +220 263 £65,000 +8.33% 96
UK excluding London +247 204 £56,525 -1.70% 64
Work from Home +171 90 £61,500 -1.60% 34
London +189 88 £100,000 +53.85% 33
South East +154 78 £56,525 -9.56% 17
South West +118 56 £65,000 -3.70% 16
Wales - 30 - -
Midlands +133 21 £55,000 +6.80% 20
North of England +134 13 £52,500 +28.05% 9
East Midlands +56 11 £50,000 +12.99% 3
West Midlands +125 10 £95,000 +72.73% 17
Yorkshire +94 9 £55,000 -26.67% 5
East of England +78 5 £85,000 +54.55%
North West +112 3 £47,500 -19.15% 2
Scotland +39 3 £62,500 +21.95% 2
North East +31 1 - - 2

PKI
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 22 (7.26%) SharePoint
2 8 (2.64%) MS Exchange
3 3 (0.99%) OpenStack
4 2 (0.66%) nginx
5 1 (0.33%) Apache
5 1 (0.33%) IIS
5 1 (0.33%) Skype for Business
5 1 (0.33%) WildFly
Applications
1 7 (2.31%) Microsoft Excel
2 1 (0.33%) Microsoft PowerPoint
Business Applications
1 3 (0.99%) Oracle Receivables
Cloud Services
1 90 (29.70%) Azure
2 56 (18.48%) Entra ID
3 46 (15.18%) Microsoft 365
4 42 (13.86%) AWS
5 27 (8.91%) Azure Monitor
6 23 (7.59%) Azure Storage
7 22 (7.26%) GCP
8 17 (5.61%) IaaS
9 15 (4.95%) PaaS
10 14 (4.62%) SaaS
11 9 (2.97%) Cloud Computing
12 7 (2.31%) Azure AKS
12 7 (2.31%) Azure Key Vault
13 6 (1.98%) GitHub
13 6 (1.98%) OneDrive
14 5 (1.65%) Azure DevOps
14 5 (1.65%) Azure ExpressRoute
14 5 (1.65%) Azure Sentinel
15 4 (1.32%) AWS CloudFormation
16 3 (0.99%) Serverless
Communications & Networking
1 132 (43.56%) Firewall
2 59 (19.47%) VPN
3 55 (18.15%) WAN
4 53 (17.49%) Network Security
5 52 (17.16%) DNS
6 51 (16.83%) TCP/IP
7 45 (14.85%) DHCP
8 44 (14.52%) LAN
9 38 (12.54%) HTTP
10 35 (11.55%) Internet
11 30 (9.90%) FTP
11 30 (9.90%) SMTP
11 30 (9.90%) Sourcefire
12 25 (8.25%) Intrusion Detection
13 19 (6.27%) SAN
14 16 (5.28%) NAS
15 12 (3.96%) Skype
15 12 (3.96%) SSL
16 11 (3.63%) SD-WAN
17 8 (2.64%) Wireless
Database & Business Intelligence
1 9 (2.97%) NoSQL
1 9 (2.97%) SQL Server
2 8 (2.64%) PostgreSQL
3 3 (0.99%) InfluxDB
3 3 (0.99%) MariaDB
3 3 (0.99%) MySQL
3 3 (0.99%) Power BI
4 2 (0.66%) SQL Server Reporting Services
5 1 (0.33%) Amazon RDS
5 1 (0.33%) Apache Ignite
5 1 (0.33%) Azure SQL Database
5 1 (0.33%) Data Lake
5 1 (0.33%) SQL Server Integration Services
Development Applications
1 13 (4.29%) Jenkins
2 10 (3.30%) Axure RP
2 10 (3.30%) Sonatype Nexus
3 8 (2.64%) JIRA
3 8 (2.64%) JMeter
3 8 (2.64%) Selenium
3 8 (2.64%) SoapUI
3 8 (2.64%) TestLink
4 6 (1.98%) SonarQube
5 5 (1.65%) Git
6 4 (1.32%) MSI
7 3 (0.99%) Gatling
7 3 (0.99%) JUnit
7 3 (0.99%) LoadRunner
7 3 (0.99%) Maven
8 2 (0.66%) Robot Framework
General
1 84 (27.72%) Social Skills
2 45 (14.85%) Public Sector
3 43 (14.19%) Analytical Skills
4 30 (9.90%) Games
5 21 (6.93%) Military
6 20 (6.60%) Finance
7 14 (4.62%) Telecoms
8 11 (3.63%) Retail
9 10 (3.30%) Banking
10 9 (2.97%) Inclusion and Diversity
11 4 (1.32%) Documentation Skills
11 4 (1.32%) Law
12 3 (0.99%) Financial Institution
13 2 (0.66%) Influencing Skills
13 2 (0.66%) Police
13 2 (0.66%) Presentation Skills
14 1 (0.33%) Aerospace
14 1 (0.33%) Back Office
14 1 (0.33%) Legal
14 1 (0.33%) Pharmaceutical
Job Titles
1 53 (17.49%) Senior
2 51 (16.83%) Security Engineer
3 34 (11.22%) Analyst
3 34 (11.22%) Architect
4 33 (10.89%) Infrastructure Engineer
5 30 (9.90%) SOC Analyst
6 24 (7.92%) Wintel Engineer
7 23 (7.59%) Security Specialist
8 20 (6.60%) Consultant
8 20 (6.60%) Network Engineer
9 19 (6.27%) Senior Infrastructure Engineer
10 18 (5.94%) Cybersecurity Specialist
10 18 (5.94%) Security Consultant
10 18 (5.94%) Senior Wintel Engineer
11 17 (5.61%) Network Security Engineer
12 16 (5.28%) Senior Security Engineer
13 14 (4.62%) Cybersecurity Manager
13 14 (4.62%) Security Manager
13 14 (4.62%) Systems Engineer
14 13 (4.29%) Cybersecurity Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 30 (9.90%) LDAP
2 16 (5.28%) ARM Templates
3 10 (3.30%) web3js
4 9 (2.97%) HTML
5 7 (2.31%) OAuth
5 7 (2.31%) SAML
6 5 (1.65%) OpenID
7 4 (1.32%) Middleware
8 3 (0.99%) .NET
8 3 (0.99%) Azure Blueprints
8 3 (0.99%) CSS
8 3 (0.99%) Django
8 3 (0.99%) Flask
8 3 (0.99%) Jinja
8 3 (0.99%) JWT
8 3 (0.99%) NumPy
8 3 (0.99%) OAuth2
8 3 (0.99%) Vue
9 2 (0.66%) Kafka
9 2 (0.66%) RabbitMQ
Miscellaneous
1 34 (11.22%) Cyber Threat
2 30 (9.90%) Analytical Mindset
2 30 (9.90%) Security Operations Centre
3 23 (7.59%) Cyberattack
4 21 (6.93%) Clustering
5 18 (5.94%) Data Centre
6 16 (5.28%) Fat Client
6 16 (5.28%) Thin Client
7 14 (4.62%) Self-Motivation
8 10 (3.30%) Blockchain
8 10 (3.30%) Web3
9 7 (2.31%) Management Information System
9 7 (2.31%) NHS
10 6 (1.98%) Hedge funds
10 6 (1.98%) Private Cloud
10 6 (1.98%) Public Cloud
11 5 (1.65%) Virtual Team
12 4 (1.32%) Client/Server
12 4 (1.32%) IoT
12 4 (1.32%) Security Posture
Operating Systems
1 142 (46.86%) Windows
2 73 (24.09%) Windows Server
3 52 (17.16%) Linux
4 38 (12.54%) Windows Server 2016
5 27 (8.91%) Windows Server 2019
6 26 (8.58%) Windows Server 2012
7 7 (2.31%) Windows 10
8 5 (1.65%) Solaris
8 5 (1.65%) Windows Server 2003
9 4 (1.32%) Windows 2000
10 3 (0.99%) CentOS
10 3 (0.99%) Red Hat Enterprise Linux
10 3 (0.99%) VMS
11 2 (0.66%) Unix
12 1 (0.33%) Android
12 1 (0.33%) Apple iOS
12 1 (0.33%) Mac OS X
Processes & Methodologies
1 126 (41.58%) Cybersecurity
2 98 (32.34%) Identity Management
3 89 (29.37%) SIEM
4 69 (22.77%) Cryptography
5 65 (21.45%) Problem-Solving
6 56 (18.48%) Multi-Factor Authentication
7 54 (17.82%) Vulnerability Scanning
8 51 (16.83%) ITIL
9 49 (16.17%) Agile
10 42 (13.86%) Infrastructure Engineering
11 39 (12.87%) TOGAF
12 38 (12.54%) Security Architecture
12 38 (12.54%) Time Management
13 37 (12.21%) Cloud Security
14 36 (11.88%) Actionable Insight
14 36 (11.88%) CI/CD
14 36 (11.88%) DevOps
15 35 (11.55%) Data Loss Prevention
15 35 (11.55%) Security Operations
16 33 (10.89%) Kalman Filter
Programming Languages
1 101 (33.33%) PowerShell
2 44 (14.52%) Python
3 38 (12.54%) SQL
4 30 (9.90%) C#
5 21 (6.93%) VB
5 21 (6.93%) VBScript
6 14 (4.62%) Bicep
7 12 (3.96%) Bash
8 11 (3.63%) JavaScript
9 9 (2.97%) Go
9 9 (2.97%) Java
10 3 (0.99%) Groovy
10 3 (0.99%) Lua
10 3 (0.99%) Ruby
10 3 (0.99%) Rust
10 3 (0.99%) Scala
11 1 (0.33%) Dart
11 1 (0.33%) Objective-C
11 1 (0.33%) PHP
11 1 (0.33%) Swift
Qualifications
1 176 (58.09%) Security Cleared
2 93 (30.69%) DV Cleared
3 84 (27.72%) SC Cleared
4 73 (24.09%) Degree
5 33 (10.89%) Master's Degree
6 27 (8.91%) CISSP
7 21 (6.93%) ITIL Foundation Certificate
8 18 (5.94%) Cisco Certification
9 16 (5.28%) Computer Science Degree
10 15 (4.95%) CISM
11 12 (3.96%) CEH
12 11 (3.63%) Azure Certification
13 9 (2.97%) CCNA
14 7 (2.31%) DBS Check
15 6 (1.98%) CESG Certified Professional
15 6 (1.98%) CISMP
16 5 (1.65%) (ISC)2 CCSP
16 5 (1.65%) CCSP
17 4 (1.32%) BPSS Clearance
17 4 (1.32%) CREST Certified
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 49 (16.17%) ISO/IEC 27001
2 31 (10.23%) HMG Security Policy Framework
3 9 (2.97%) Cyber Essentials
4 8 (2.64%) GDPR
5 7 (2.31%) NCSC
6 5 (1.65%) NIST
6 5 (1.65%) SLA
7 4 (1.32%) Disclosure Scotland
7 4 (1.32%) ISO/IEC 20000
7 4 (1.32%) RMADS
8 3 (0.99%) Data Quality
9 1 (0.33%) GRC
9 1 (0.33%) ISO 9001
9 1 (0.33%) SOC 2
System Software
1 121 (39.93%) Active Directory
2 63 (20.79%) VMware Infrastructure
3 40 (13.20%) Hyper-V
4 26 (8.58%) Virtual Desktop
5 25 (8.25%) Virtual Machines
5 25 (8.25%) vSphere
6 16 (5.28%) Docker
6 16 (5.28%) VMware NSX
7 9 (2.97%) VMware ESXi
8 8 (2.64%) Firmware
9 3 (0.99%) Citrix Hypervisor
10 1 (0.33%) Forefront TMG
10 1 (0.33%) Terminal Services
10 1 (0.33%) Virtual Servers
10 1 (0.33%) VMware Workstation
10 1 (0.33%) XenApp
Systems Management
1 46 (15.18%) SCCM
2 44 (14.52%) Kubernetes
3 39 (12.87%) Microsoft Intune
4 35 (11.55%) Active Directory Federation Services
5 30 (9.90%) FortiGate
5 30 (9.90%) Terraform
6 28 (9.24%) SCOM
7 26 (8.58%) Single Sign-On
8 25 (8.25%) Ansible
8 25 (8.25%) WSUS
9 22 (7.26%) Microsoft Clustering
10 21 (6.93%) Nessus
11 17 (5.61%) Failover Clustering
12 16 (5.28%) Microsoft Data Protection Manager
13 11 (3.63%) SolarWinds Orion
14 10 (3.30%) vCenter Server
15 6 (1.98%) Cisco CUCM
15 6 (1.98%) Stealthwatch
16 4 (1.32%) McAfee ePO
16 4 (1.32%) WMI
Vendors
1 101 (33.33%) Microsoft
2 74 (24.42%) VMware
3 58 (19.14%) Cisco
4 38 (12.54%) Splunk
5 37 (12.21%) F5
5 37 (12.21%) Juniper
6 31 (10.23%) IBM
7 30 (9.90%) ArcSight
7 30 (9.90%) CheckPoint
7 30 (9.90%) TippingPoint
7 30 (9.90%) Trend Micro
8 17 (5.61%) SolarWinds
9 14 (4.62%) Citrix
9 14 (4.62%) Google
9 14 (4.62%) Zscaler
10 8 (2.64%) ForgeRock
10 8 (2.64%) Oracle
11 7 (2.31%) McAfee
12 6 (1.98%) Palo Alto
12 6 (1.98%) SAP