Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD)
UK

The table below provides summary statistics for permanent job vacancies requiring BDD skills. It includes a benchmarking guide to the annual salaries offered in vacancies that cited BDD over the 6 months leading up to 11 May 2025, comparing them to the same period in the previous two years.

6 months to
11 May 2025
Same period 2024 Same period 2023
Rank 454 287 268
Rank change year-on-year -167 -19 -162
Permanent jobs citing BDD 267 1,021 1,367
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 0.49% 1.03% 1.35%
As % of the Processes & Methodologies category 0.52% 1.20% 1.42%
Number of salaries quoted 199 810 922
10th Percentile £49,800 £40,000 £46,250
25th Percentile £58,125 £47,500 £53,750
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £72,500 £60,000 £70,000
Median % change year-on-year +20.83% -14.29% +7.69%
75th Percentile £93,778 £77,500 £91,250
90th Percentile £111,250 £102,500 £102,500
UK excluding London median annual salary £67,500 £57,500 £62,500
% change year-on-year +17.39% -8.00% +12.23%

All Process and Methodology Skills
UK

BDD falls under the Processes and Methodologies category. For comparison with the information above, the following table provides summary statistics for all permanent job vacancies requiring process or methodology skills.

Permanent vacancies with a requirement for process or methodology skills 51,302 84,920 96,579
As % of all permanent jobs advertised in the UK 93.76% 85.59% 95.61%
Number of salaries quoted 27,015 59,883 56,845
10th Percentile £30,000 £29,008 £34,000
25th Percentile £42,500 £40,000 £45,000
Median annual salary (50th Percentile) £57,500 £55,000 £61,180
Median % change year-on-year +4.55% -10.10% +1.97%
75th Percentile £75,000 £72,500 £81,250
90th Percentile £98,474 £92,500 £100,000
UK excluding London median annual salary £52,500 £50,000 £55,000
% change year-on-year +5.00% -9.09% +4.76%

BDD
Job Vacancy Trend

Job postings citing BDD as a proportion of all IT jobs advertised.

Job vacancy trend for BDD in the UK

BDD
Salary Trend

3-month moving average salary quoted in jobs citing BDD.

Salary trend for BDD in the UK

BDD
Salary Histogram

Salary distribution for jobs citing BDD over the 6 months to 11 May 2025.

Salary histogram for BDD in the UK

BDD
Top 17 Job Locations

The table below looks at the demand and provides a guide to the median salaries quoted in IT jobs citing BDD within the UK over the 6 months to 11 May 2025. The 'Rank Change' column provides an indication of the change in demand within each location based on the same 6 month period last year.

Location Rank Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Matching
Permanent
IT Job Ads
Median Salary
Past 6 Months
Median Salary
% Change
on Same Period
Last Year
Live
Jobs
England -171 231 £72,500 +20.83% 252
UK excluding London -162 142 £67,500 +17.39% 179
London +12 135 £82,500 - 120
Work from Home -179 105 £67,500 +12.50% 189
South East -58 51 £65,000 +8.33% 52
North of England -51 33 £65,000 +13.04% 43
North West -61 19 £70,000 +27.27% 28
Scotland +13 15 £85,253 +42.09% 12
Yorkshire +33 12 £48,507 -25.90% 11
Midlands +2 12 £67,500 +28.57% 27
South West +59 11 £62,500 +11.11% 28
West Midlands +17 10 £71,250 +35.71% 19
East of England -22 8 £67,500 +12.50% 8
Northern Ireland +42 6 £55,000 -4.35% 2
Wales +28 6 £53,000 +17.78% 9
North East +33 2 £65,000 +36.84% 4
East Midlands +24 2 £40,000 -23.81% 7

BDD
Co-occurring Skills and Capabilities by Category

The follow tables expand on the table above by listing co-occurrences grouped by category. The same employment type, locality and period is covered with up to 20 co-occurrences shown in each of the following categories:

Application Platforms
1 16 (5.99%) Confluence
2 13 (4.87%) JBoss
2 13 (4.87%) Red Hat Fuse
3 8 (3.00%) nginx
3 8 (3.00%) Tomcat
4 6 (2.25%) CMS
4 6 (2.25%) Headless CMS
5 2 (0.75%) Apache
5 2 (0.75%) Apache Spark
5 2 (0.75%) SharePoint
6 1 (0.37%) EPiServer
6 1 (0.37%) Oracle SOA Suite
6 1 (0.37%) Umbraco
Applications
1 1 (0.37%) MS Visio
Business Applications
1 2 (0.75%) Dynamics CRM
1 2 (0.75%) Payment Gateway
2 1 (0.37%) Endur
Cloud Services
1 131 (49.06%) AWS
2 77 (28.84%) Azure
3 51 (19.10%) Serverless
4 36 (13.48%) Amazon ECS
5 32 (11.99%) Amazon EKS
6 30 (11.24%) GCP
7 27 (10.11%) Amazon EC2
8 21 (7.87%) GitHub
9 19 (7.12%) Azure DevOps
10 18 (6.74%) Amazon SQS
11 17 (6.37%) Power Platform
12 13 (4.87%) Dynamics 365
12 13 (4.87%) PowerApps
13 8 (3.00%) Amazon ElastiCache
13 8 (3.00%) Amazon OpenSearch
14 7 (2.62%) Amazon S3
14 7 (2.62%) AWS KMS
15 5 (1.87%) Amazon CloudWatch
15 5 (1.87%) AWS Lambda
15 5 (1.87%) Figma
Communications & Networking
1 4 (1.50%) Ethernet
2 1 (0.37%) Internet
2 1 (0.37%) RTP
2 1 (0.37%) SAN
Database & Business Intelligence
1 61 (22.85%) PostgreSQL
2 44 (16.48%) Relational Database
3 26 (9.74%) NoSQL
4 23 (8.61%) MongoDB
5 20 (7.49%) Elasticsearch
6 19 (7.12%) RDBMS
7 17 (6.37%) Amazon RDS
8 16 (5.99%) Azure SQL Database
9 13 (4.87%) Amazon Aurora
10 11 (4.12%) MySQL
10 11 (4.12%) SQL Server
11 9 (3.37%) DynamoDB
12 4 (1.50%) Power BI
13 3 (1.12%) Apache Cassandra
13 3 (1.12%) Couchbase
13 3 (1.12%) Data Lake
14 2 (0.75%) Cloud Spanner
14 2 (0.75%) Electronic Patient Records
14 2 (0.75%) OLAP
14 2 (0.75%) OLTP
Development Applications
1 83 (31.09%) Jenkins
2 82 (30.71%) Git
3 51 (19.10%) JUnit
4 34 (12.73%) Mockito
5 29 (10.86%) Cucumber
6 27 (10.11%) JMeter
7 24 (8.99%) JIRA
8 23 (8.61%) Selenium
9 20 (7.49%) Maven
10 16 (5.99%) Postman
10 16 (5.99%) SonarQube
11 11 (4.12%) Bitbucket
11 11 (4.12%) TestNG
11 11 (4.12%) webpack
12 10 (3.75%) Gradle
13 7 (2.62%) Artifactory
13 7 (2.62%) DbUnit
13 7 (2.62%) jMock
13 7 (2.62%) SpecFlow
13 7 (2.62%) Storybook
General
1 98 (36.70%) Finance
2 56 (20.97%) Banking
3 48 (17.98%) Public Sector
3 48 (17.98%) Social Skills
4 27 (10.11%) Analytical Skills
5 24 (8.99%) Financial Institution
6 11 (4.12%) Tech for Good
7 8 (3.00%) Manufacturing
8 7 (2.62%) Front Office
8 7 (2.62%) Inclusion and Diversity
9 6 (2.25%) Retail
10 5 (1.87%) Retail Banking
11 2 (0.75%) Back Office
11 2 (0.75%) Games
12 1 (0.37%) Aerospace
12 1 (0.37%) Law
12 1 (0.37%) Marketing
12 1 (0.37%) Telecoms
Job Titles
1 96 (35.96%) Developer
2 82 (30.71%) Software Engineer
3 55 (20.60%) Senior
4 53 (19.85%) Java Developer
5 45 (16.85%) Lead
6 42 (15.73%) Senior Software Engineer
7 35 (13.11%) Java Engineer
8 25 (9.36%) Java Software Engineer
9 18 (6.74%) .NET Developer
10 17 (6.37%) Full-Stack Developer
11 16 (5.99%) Test Engineer
12 13 (4.87%) Application Development Manager
12 13 (4.87%) Applications Development Manager
12 13 (4.87%) Applications Manager
12 13 (4.87%) Development Manager
13 11 (4.12%) Lead Test Engineer
13 11 (4.12%) Senior Java Engineer
13 11 (4.12%) Senior Java Software Engineer
14 9 (3.37%) Full-Stack Engineer
14 9 (3.37%) Test Automation Engineer
Libraries, Frameworks & Software Standards
1 99 (37.08%) Spring Boot
2 97 (36.33%) Spring
3 76 (28.46%) REST
4 67 (25.09%) React
5 61 (22.85%) AngularJS
6 47 (17.60%) .NET
7 46 (17.23%) RESTful
7 46 (17.23%) Web Services
8 45 (16.85%) HTML
9 44 (16.48%) Kafka
10 40 (14.98%) Node.js
11 33 (12.36%) Apache Camel
12 30 (11.24%) CSS
13 27 (10.11%) ActiveMQ
13 27 (10.11%) Hibernate
13 27 (10.11%) WireMock
14 26 (9.74%) SOAP
15 24 (8.99%) Vue
16 23 (8.61%) Akka
17 20 (7.49%) jQuery
Miscellaneous
1 52 (19.48%) Distributed Systems
2 16 (5.99%) Algorithms
2 16 (5.99%) Management Information System
3 15 (5.62%) Cloud Native
4 14 (5.24%) Product Ownership
5 11 (4.12%) Mobile App
6 10 (3.75%) Public Cloud
7 9 (3.37%) Foreign Exchange (FX)
8 8 (3.00%) Life Science
9 7 (2.62%) Equities
10 4 (1.50%) Digital TV
10 4 (1.50%) Reinsurance
11 3 (1.12%) Legacy Systems
11 3 (1.12%) Renewable Energy
12 2 (0.75%) Client/Server
12 2 (0.75%) Data Structures
12 2 (0.75%) Distributed Architecture
12 2 (0.75%) Virtual Team
13 1 (0.37%) N-Tier
13 1 (0.37%) Smartcard
Operating Systems
1 17 (6.37%) Linux
2 14 (5.24%) Apple iOS
3 11 (4.12%) Android
4 3 (1.12%) Unix
5 2 (0.75%) Windows
Processes & Methodologies
1 220 (82.40%) Agile
2 209 (78.28%) TDD
3 123 (46.07%) CI/CD
4 121 (45.32%) Microservices
5 117 (43.82%) Software Engineering
6 97 (36.33%) DevOps
7 88 (32.96%) Test Automation
8 76 (28.46%) Scrum
9 65 (24.34%) Full-Stack Development
10 61 (22.85%) Kanban
11 58 (21.72%) Mentoring
12 47 (17.60%) Pair Programming
13 45 (16.85%) Problem-Solving
14 43 (16.10%) Continuous Integration
15 37 (13.86%) Fintech
16 34 (12.73%) Code Quality
16 34 (12.73%) Unit Testing
17 30 (11.24%) MVC
18 29 (10.86%) Coaching
19 28 (10.49%) Collaborative Working
Programming Languages
1 152 (56.93%) Java
2 90 (33.71%) JavaScript
3 61 (22.85%) SQL
4 53 (19.85%) Python
4 53 (19.85%) TypeScript
5 41 (15.36%) C#
6 20 (7.49%) Shell Script
7 10 (3.75%) Go
7 10 (3.75%) PHP
8 7 (2.62%) Swift
9 4 (1.50%) Kotlin
9 4 (1.50%) Objective-C
10 3 (1.12%) Bicep
11 2 (0.75%) Groovy
11 2 (0.75%) PL/SQL
12 1 (0.37%) Ada
12 1 (0.37%) Apex Code
12 1 (0.37%) PowerShell
12 1 (0.37%) SOQL
12 1 (0.37%) T-SQL
Qualifications
1 45 (16.85%) Security Cleared
2 40 (14.98%) SC Cleared
3 26 (9.74%) Degree
4 8 (3.00%) Computer Science Degree
5 6 (2.25%) Microsoft Certification
6 4 (1.50%) DV Cleared
7 3 (1.12%) AWS Certification
7 3 (1.12%) Azure Certification
7 3 (1.12%) OCP
7 3 (1.12%) Oracle Certification
8 2 (0.75%) ISTQB
9 1 (0.37%) BPSS Clearance
9 1 (0.37%) CSPO
9 1 (0.37%) ISEB
9 1 (0.37%) Master's Degree
9 1 (0.37%) SAFe Agilist
9 1 (0.37%) SANS
Quality Assurance & Compliance
1 20 (7.49%) QA
2 17 (6.37%) Accessibility
2 17 (6.37%) SLA
3 2 (0.75%) GDPR
3 2 (0.75%) PCI DSS
4 1 (0.37%) GRC
4 1 (0.37%) ISO 20022
4 1 (0.37%) ISO 9001
4 1 (0.37%) SEPA
4 1 (0.37%) Software Quality Assurance
System Software
1 100 (37.45%) Docker
2 4 (1.50%) Postfix
3 1 (0.37%) Virtual Machines
Systems Management
1 108 (40.45%) Kubernetes
2 26 (9.74%) Ansible
2 26 (9.74%) Terraform
3 19 (7.12%) Kibana
4 8 (3.00%) Kustomize
4 8 (3.00%) Packer
5 3 (1.12%) Grafana
5 3 (1.12%) Prometheus
6 1 (0.37%) Progress Chef
6 1 (0.37%) Puppet
6 1 (0.37%) RSA Archer
6 1 (0.37%) vRealize
Vendors
1 23 (8.61%) Microsoft
2 19 (7.12%) Dynatrace
2 19 (7.12%) Splunk
3 17 (6.37%) Google
4 8 (3.00%) Red Hat
5 7 (2.62%) Atlassian
6 4 (1.50%) Adobe
6 4 (1.50%) Oracle
6 4 (1.50%) Tealium
7 2 (0.75%) Jaspersoft
8 1 (0.37%) CA Agile Central
8 1 (0.37%) Cisco
8 1 (0.37%) Databricks
8 1 (0.37%) EMC
8 1 (0.37%) HP
8 1 (0.37%) OpenLink
8 1 (0.37%) Optimizely
8 1 (0.37%) Salesforce
8 1 (0.37%) Sun
8 1 (0.37%) VMware